General qualification directory of positions. Unified qualification directory of positions of employees, managers, specialists

Of course, in the world there are a large number of positions, vacancies that this or that person chooses. A single classifier, which contains all managerial and not only positions, exists and can be found online. You will also find a description and instructions for a particular vacancy. Order for approval for one or another workplace based on the information in this book. The new all-Russian system classifier can be found in the personnel department of any organization. Labor state activity is regulated by the regulation of the labor code. The area of ​​change of objects, scope and positions are reviewed quarterly.

what is it, summary

is a unique book that has a list of all existing positions, their detailed description and specifications. The purpose of creating this document was to regulate all issues that are somehow related to labor activity in one organization or another. It contains information about the medical, pedagogical, educational professions of employees, as well as a driver, consultant, storekeeper, senior manager, personnel officer, administrator, manager, minister.

A separate section is occupied by the vacancies of the Ministry of Labor. If speak about summary, then this book contains the following sections:

• 1. Existing responsibilities of leaders.
• 2. Vacancies of specialists.
• 3. Technical and civil servants, their detailed description.
• 4. Note.

For the convenience of the user, all classifications are arranged in alphabetical order, which greatly speeds up the search.

Qualification directory of positions of workers and employees 2018

In 2016, this document has undergone minor changes. Thus, now every profession includes complete description with the schedule. In addition, you can find 3 sections:

• 1. Full list obligations of the employee in accordance with the Labor Code.
• 2. Knowledge at work. The list of knowledge and skills required for work.
• 3. Requirements that apply to a particular profession.

Unified qualification reference book for the positions of educators

The general education institution for staff has a code and a separate legal standard.

1. Responsibilities of leaders in schools or universities:

• Head or director - senior level
• Deputy Chief
• Director of the structural division
• Head master
• Teacher
• Teacher

Activities of all links educational institutions carried out in accordance with state activity. Also, a separate category is assigned to the storekeeper and librarian.

Managers and specialists

As for the divisions of the highest levels, there is a hierarchy here. The generally accepted classification looks like this:

• 1. Chief and main manager of an enterprise or organization.
• 2. Director of Finance.
• 3. Chief engineer.
• 4. Main technologist.
• 5. Printing house director
• 6. Head of the information technology center.

The janitor of housing and communal services and the cook belong to the class of working specialties.

Medical workers 2018

Considering the classifier as normative legal document, it can be noted that it contains all the comprehensive information on various professions. As for the sphere medical care, then the following description is available for this period:

• 1. Director or senior management of the medical center
• 2. Specialists - which are subdivided into positions that require a special higher medical education and average.
• 3. Junior nurses.
• 4. Vacancies that do not require special knowledge in the field of medicine and billing, and will fit for work in the back rooms of the ETK and other divisions.

In health care on labor protection, this handbook required attribute work. The provisions and annexes to the document and case of the Russian Federation can be found below. The area of ​​cinematography and defense has its own subdivisions.

Positions of educational institutions 2018

In order to competently use this resource, it is necessary to work in blocks. Each section job descriptions contains a specific branch with a description of a particular profession and development on the territory of a university or school. Separate column for employees preschool institutions. The approval of cultural workers, as well as detailed description can be found in the classifier, called music director. Personnel officers in Ukraine, the DPR, as well as a legal adviser may differ in their duties and requirements for admission to a particular vacancy.

Where does any company start? From the idea and the people who jointly implement it. Each of the participants has a specific role, a list of responsibilities and competencies. All this is determined by the position held. This article discusses what positions are in the company depending on the industry and line of business, the minimum staffing, as well as brief digression in the duties of management positions, specialists and workers.

What positions can be

Positions in the company are like roles for actors in the theater - each has its own scenario of work, duties, competencies, tasks, functions. For each separate position you need a certain person with a specialized set of knowledge, skills, experience and personal qualities. In any organization, all existing positions can be divided into three groups:

• specialists;
• work positions.

Each group requires certain knowledge and skills, experience and education.

Most important position

Any group of people united common goals and interests, cannot function normally without a leader. One person or a group of people must be at the helm of the company, make important decisions, correct the course of the organization and decide internal problems. AT Russian companies this role is performed by the person holding the highest position in the company. Depending on the type of company, its legal form, the number of owners and accounting policy, the dominant position may be different names. In limited liability companies, a director or general director. AT joint-stock companies- board of directors or shareholders. In agricultural production cooperatives - chairman.

An LLC can be opened by one person. In this case, the founder of the company and the director can be one and the same person, make decisions solely and independently manage all the processes of the organization. In OJSC and CJSC it is already more difficult. In joint-stock companies, the directors are elected by the board of shareholders. In carrying out his official duties, he is obliged to listen to the opinion of the shareholders of the company.

Company leaders

A newly opened LLC, whose staff does not exceed two or three people, hardly needs in large numbers leadership positions. But if the company grows, departments appear that perform fundamentally different functions, the staff increases to tens and even hundreds of people, then you simply cannot do without middle managers. A person holding such a position does not have absolute power over his subordinates, does not personally accept important decisions, does not manage the company as a whole. His task is to control the work of his department, coordinate the employment of his people, and resolve issues within his competence. The most common leadership positions include:

• financial director, or head of the financial department;
• Technical Director;
• director of production and production;
• Chief Engineer;
• head of the personnel department;
• Chief Accountant;
• head of the trade department;
• head of the purchasing department;
• head of public relations department.

Of course, each organization has the right to include in the staff list the positions that are necessary in their direction. The names of departments and positions of the people who manage them may vary, while the functionality of the employees is quite similar.

The job of the chief engineer

Chief engineer - a position that is found in organizations that manufacture products that contain their own fleet of vehicles or a fleet of specialized equipment: agricultural organizations, factories, factories, transport companies, and so on. The work of a chief engineer requires a higher technical education in the direction of the organization. It is on him that the technical equipment of the enterprise with spare parts, fuels and lubricants, the necessary equipment and machines, the well-coordinated work of mechanics and maintenance personnel depends. From his proposal, purchases of all technical units, their spare parts, hiring of people who service all these machines and devices are made. Similar functionality at work technical director. In some organizations, these are identical concepts.

Production Director

Production director - a position that makes sense in organizations that produce any product. This official is busy with the fact that he studies the structure of the market, supply and demand, studies the offers of competitors, determines what needs to be produced, at what prices and in what volumes. The volume and quality of products, their price and placement on the market depend on the effectiveness of its work. His tasks include finding suppliers of raw materials of good quality and at an acceptable cost, launching the release process, and monitoring it throughout the entire production cycle.

Specialists

Positions in the company are not limited to managers different levels. Without ordinary specialists, they will simply have no one to manage. Specialists are usually called applicants with higher or secondary vocational education who graduated educational institution in a certain specialty. In organizations, the positions of specialists include: accountant, managers of various directions, operators, engineers, doctors and others.

Job positions

There are also job positions in the company. Unlike the positions described above, workers do not require specific education, experience, or characteristics. Such work usually requires the performance of certain physical actions: loaders, pickers, drivers, cleaners. To perform these tasks, there is no need for higher education, work experience, managerial or leadership abilities. Enough to have physical health and endurance.

There are a huge number of fields of activity, skills and positions in the world. In view of this diversity, the employer often encounters difficulties both at the level of personnel management and at the level of personnel documentation. In such cases, unified reference books and classifiers come to the rescue. In the article, we will discuss what the classifier of professions-2019 with the decoding of the Russian Federation and the unified tariff-qualification guide-2019 are. Let's take a closer look at the reference book of qualification characteristics.

Basic concepts

Working with unified forms, the HR specialist is often at a loss due to the abundance of terms and abbreviations related to job directories. Let's consider them.

These documents are interrelated. The 2019 General Classifier of Jobs and Professions is the basis of the CAS 2019. OKPDTR 2019, in turn, takes as the basis for its first section ETKS 2019 working professions. There is no ETKS 2019 for managers and specialists as such, therefore the second section of OKPDTR is based on a unified nomenclature of employee positions.

What is a qualification directory of positions

The unified classification directory of positions of specialists and employees (CEN) is a list of qualification characteristics ( official duties and requirements for the level of knowledge and qualifications) of managers, specialists and employees, depending on the field of activity. Additional sections of the CEN are introduced by the relevant orders of the Ministry of Labor. To date, the last is the order dated 05/10/2016 No. 225n, approving the "qualification characteristics of employees military units and organizations of the Armed Forces Russian Federation". The frequency of updating the directory is not regulated by law. Thus, the document amended by the above Order, in this moment is a qualification directory of positions of workers and employees 2019.

What is it for

The EKS, which was based on the All-Russian Classifier of Occupations of Working Positions of Employees, was compiled with the aim of developing universal standards for the organization of labor. In fact, this document helps the employer to correctly build the structure of the organization. Qualification characteristics optimize the following functions:

• selection and placement of personnel;
• vocational training/ staff retraining;
• rational division of labor;
• definition of job duties and areas of responsibility of personnel.

The personnel worker relies on the 2019 Classifier of Positions and Professions in working with documents such as staffing, job descriptions, regulations on departments, etc. The OKPDTR classifier (2019) with a search by name is available on the website of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection.

How to apply it

The CSA is applicable in any enterprise, regardless of their form of ownership or organizational and legal forms of activity. However, the law does not oblige, but only recommends that the employer be guided by this document in personnel work. The procedure for the application of the CEN was approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor dated February 9, 2004 No. 9. In accordance with it, qualification characteristics form the basis of the job description and include three sections:

• official duties (list of labor functions, fixed in whole or in part);
• must know ( special knowledge, knowledge of regulations, methods and means to perform job duties);
• qualification requirements (professional level and work experience).

It is allowed to distribute the duties that make up the qualification characteristic among several employees. The assessment of the employee's compliance with the qualification characteristics is carried out only by the attestation commission.

What to use - qualification handbook or professional standard

As we found out, the qualification of an employee is his knowledge, skills, skills and experience. The professional standard is a narrower concept and is defined as “a characteristic of the qualifications necessary for an employee to carry out a certain type of professional activity, including the fulfillment of certain labor function» ( Art. 195.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). In addition, professional standards, unlike the CSA, may be mandatory. Corresponding amendments have been made to Labor Code Federal Law No. 122-FZ dated May 2, 2015. According to Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to operate with professional standards if the requirements for the qualification necessary for the employee to perform labor functions are dictated by the Labor Code, federal law or other regulatory legal acts. In other cases, the application professional standards recommended but not required.

For many employees of the personnel service, the qualification directory of positions managed to become table book. Let's talk about the use of ETCS and CEN, as well as their upcoming cancellation in connection with the final transition to professional standards.

From the article you will learn:

Qualification guide positions - managers, specialists, workers - a set of characteristics of the main types of work in professions related to various sectors of the economy. On duty, any personnel officer with experience had to turn to him. The Ministry of Health and social development the Russian Federation together with the executive authorities regulating and coordinating individual economic sectors (paragraph 2 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 787 of October 31, 2002).

Qualification directory of positions of workers and employees-2018: application procedure

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5 main misconceptions about professional standards.

The status and procedure for the practical use of tariff-qualification guides is determined by Article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. So, according to part 8 of article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, when charging for work and assigning tariff categories to employees, the following apply:

• unified tariff-qualification directory of works and professions of workers;
• unified tariff qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and employees;
• professional standards.

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There are even individual regulations, describing in detail the rules for the application of ETKS (see "Procedure", approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 9 of February 9, 2004). Along with the provisions of the directories, state guarantees for wages, fixed by federal legislation, as well as recommendations from the tripartite commission for the regulation of social and labor relations and the opinion of trade unions are taken into account. Details - in the notes "How to apply " And How ».

Important: the requirements of the ETCS and CEN apply primarily to labor relations, therefore, when concluding a civil law contract, the employer is not obliged to check the contractor for compliance with the criteria established by the directories.

Types and current editions of tariff-qualification guides

Currently, two types of qualification reference books are used - for workers (ETKS) and for employees, managers, specialists (EKS). The need to develop two separate documents arose due to significant differences in the specifics of the work assigned to different categories of personnel. Therefore, when setting tariffs or qualification requirements for working specialties (locksmith, foundry worker, welder, etc.), employers turn to ETKS, a directory of working professions.

If we are talking about a managerial or official position, the EKS is used - a unified qualification reference book for the positions of managers and employees. About billing different types work, see the article "How to install »: you will learn why it is so important to know Exact size The minimum wage, how often the salary should be indexed and whether it is legal to set different salaries for employees holding the same position.

Unified qualification directory of workers' positions

The tariff and qualification guide used to determine the complexity and payment of work, as well as to assign categories to workers, consists of more than 70 issues.

Each issue is dedicated to certain areas and areas of the economy, for example:

1. No. 5 - geological exploration and topographic and geodetic works (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 16 of February 17, 2000);
2. No. 16 - for the production of medical instruments, instruments and equipment (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 38 dated 5.03.2004);
3. No. 24 - for general professions in chemical industries (approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 208 dated March 28, 2006);
4. No. 50 - for the extraction and processing of fish and seafood (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 73 of October 12, 2000);
5. No. 52 - for railway, sea and river transport (approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 68n dated February 18, 2013);
6. No. 57 - advertising and design, restoration and layout work (approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 135 dated March 21, 2008).

Some of the sections have lost their relevance (issues 30-31, 34, 38-39, 61-63, 65, 67-68), some were put into effect a very long time ago, still by Soviet decrees. For example, the sections “Dry cleaning and dyeing” and “Works and professions of laundry workers”, approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions No. 320 / 21-22 of October 31, 1984, have not yet been updated.

Qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and employees

The unified qualification directory of positions of specialists and employees (EKS) developed by the Institute of Labor was approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 37 of 08.21.1998. Since its approval, the document has been amended and supplemented more than ten times. The current version of the ETKS is applied in without fail all state and municipal organizations (in relation to positions for which professional standards have not been developed). Table "Categories and state civil service” will be useful for personnel officers of state institutions.

The requirements for commercial companies are not so strict. Nevertheless, Article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation obliges all employers, without exception, to refer to professional standards or ETKS when entering positions in the staffing table related to the presence of restrictions or the provision of benefits. In other words, if the enterprise has positions that give the right to certain guarantees (early retirement, compensation for "harmfulness", etc.), their names must exactly match the wording of the ETKS or professional standards. Read more about the provision of benefits to employees in the articles "How to issue an employee's exit for "and" What compensation is due to the employee for work during ».

The document contains thirty sections in total. General characteristics positions applicable to employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations of all industries are given in the first section, approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 37 of 08.21.1998. The following are sections for individual industries:

• research, design, design and survey areas;
• health care;
• education, including professional;
• culture, art and cinematography;
• labor protection;
• electric power industry;
• architectural and urban planning activities;
• spheres of civil defense and protection of the population from emergencies, ensuring the safety of people at water, mountain and underground facilities;
• geology and exploration of subsoil;
• physical culture and sports;
• tourism;
• Agriculture;
• state archives and documentation storage centers;
• military units and organizations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;
• centers of metrology, standardization and certification;
• systems of the state material reserve;
• legal protection results of intellectual activity and means of individualization;
• bodies for youth affairs;
• road economy;
• hydrometeorology;
• opposition technical intelligence and information security;
• nuclear energy and floating nuclear power plants;
• conflictology;
• rocket and space industry;
• translation activities;
• forensic examination;
• bodies of the Federal Migration Service.

If you pay attention to the dates of publication of orders of resolutions approving sections of the CEN, you can see that the most “fresh” provisions of the directory came into force in 2013. And since then they have not been updated, although before new sections were added almost annually. The reason for this state of affairs was the transition to professional standards - more convenient and modern system qualification assessments. Details - in the note "How to apply ”: the expert will explain who will be primarily affected by changes in legislation, how often qualification standards will be updated and how to check an employee for compliance with new requirements.

Question from practice

How in work book write down the position of the employee, if it was not indicated in the classifier of positions and professions?

Answer prepared in collaboration with the editors

Answered by Ivan Shklovets
Deputy Head Federal Service for work and employment

Indicate the name of the employee's position in the work book in accordance with the organization's staffing table. At formation of the staffing table to an arbitrary indication of the positions of employees who receive benefits and compensation.

For example, work in a particular position may entitle an employee to early retirement. The list of positions, work in which gives the right to early appointment of a pension, is listed in the articles and Law of December 28, 2013 No. 400-FZ. If the position in the work book does not correspond to the qualification directory, Pension Fund may deny an employee the right to an early retirement pension ...

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Unified qualification directory of positions as a predecessor of professional standards

From the system of professional standards, in connection with which additional norms appeared in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Articles 195.1-195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), the unified qualification directory for the positions of managers, employees and specialists differs not only in format. Occupational standards contain more clear and structured information about the labor functions performed by employees, and fully comply with the spirit of the times.

Previously, a specialist who received a specialized education could work all his life on the same equipment, using the usual technologies and knowledge that he received at a university or technical school. But modern technologies are developing rapidly, dramatically changing the content of work and the qualification characteristics of the position. Needs to be revisited existing norms and set new standards. As ETKS and EKS (the unified tariff and qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and employees) gradually lose their relevance, employers are increasingly turning to professional standards when:

• recruitment;
• training, retraining, certification and career planning of employees;
• drafting job descriptions and staffing;
• formation of a personnel policy and a tariff scale for the work performed;
• development of wage systems.

Important: the professional standard is a universal document that establishes requirements for the conditions and content of work, as well as for the skills, knowledge and experience of a specialist.

It takes an average of 9-12 months to develop a “standard” for each individual position, so today, despite active work in this direction, new standards for a number of specialties and types of work have not yet been approved. Therefore, in 2018, it is too early to write off the unified qualification directory of employee positions and the tariff and qualification directory of working specialties.

But if there is a choice between ETKS (EKS) and the current professional standard (and there are already more than a thousand such positions), preference should be given to the latter. At least because the final abolition of reference books and a complete transition to a system of professional standards applied taking into account certain industry requirements are planned for the coming years (see letter of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 14-0 / 10 / 13-2253 of 04.04.

Transition to professional standards: step by step instructions

For commercial organizations professional standards are advisory in nature. They become mandatory only in two cases (as well as directories):

• when for certain kind work, the legislator has established compensation or benefits, or restrictions are provided for its implementation (Article 57, 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
• when the requirements for work experience and qualifications of an employee are established by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, federal legislation or other regulatory legal acts (Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

In the first case, you should make sure that the name of the position in the staff list, employment contract, employment order and other local documents matches the wording of the professional standard. The remaining aspects - the features of the labor function, the requirements for the level of education and work experience in the specialty - remain at the discretion of the employer. Detailed analysis difficult situations- in the articles “How to maintain a discharge for a worker on ETKS, if ”, “How to check if the professional standard” and “How to overcome the 6 main problems that arise when ».

As for the second category of workers (which includes legal workers, teachers, doctors, and even private detectives), the requirements of professional standards apply to them in full. To understand what specific positions in question, take a look at the table for which the law establishes qualification requirements.

Organizations, enterprises and institutions of the public sector, as well as all non-budgetary funds, corporations and companies with a state share of more than 50%, are required to switch to professional standards, whether they want it or not. To make the transition less painful, it is allowed to introduce new norms in stages (until January 1, 2020, as required by clause 1.2 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 584 of 06/27/2016). To help the personnel officer - articles "When , and when the professional standard. Six controversial situations” and “How professional standards will affect ».

Since the legislator does not regulate the procedure for switching to a system of professional standards, the employer himself decides how to act, based on the needs of the organization and the specifics of its activities.

The whole process can be divided into five successive stages:

1. formation of a working group or commission, in which representatives of key departments (legal and personnel services, accounting, etc.) participate;
2. development of a work schedule for the implementation of professional standards;
3. familiarization of heads of departments and services with the schedule and legislative framework, according to which the transition is carried out;
4. implementation of activities provided for by the schedule;
5. summarizing the work of the commission and approving the report on the results.

Practical situation

Staffing: how to enter information without errors

The answer was prepared jointly with the editors of the journal " »

Answered by Nina KOVYAZINA,
Deputy Director of the Department of Medical Education and Personnel Policy in Health Care of the Ministry of Health of Russia

We have small organization, and there are departments in which one person works. If an employee is a manager, should there be subordinates in the department?

Formally, the Labor Code does not prohibit an employer from creating structural units, which consist of only one employee, in particular the head of the department. At the same time, the position of "leader" involves the management of subordinates. For example, the Qualification Handbook provides for such an obligation for the position of “head of personnel department” (approved by ). Qualification guides are advisory in nature. But there are exceptions...

The full version of the answer is available after free

The first step is to issue an order to establish a commission. The order lists by name all members of the commission (working group), and also indicates the time allotted for familiarization with the regulatory documentation and the development of a schedule.

Download in.doc

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Each protocol is certified by the signatures of the members of the working group, including the chairman.

To change the name of the position, make additions to labor contract or approve new local regulations, the director of the company gives a written order (see article " does not meet the professional standard: what to do”). Fortunately, the law does not prohibit combining orders of the same type into one order and thereby saving resources. The article "Tricks that will make it easier for you to work with » will help to minimize the labor costs associated with the execution of orders, contracts, familiarization sheets and other documentation.