Biography of Agnia Lvovna Barto summary. Brief biography for schoolchildren. Childhood and youth of Agnia Lvovna Barto
Agnia Lvovna Barto was born in Moscow on February 17, 1906. According to some reports, at birth the girl's name was Getel Leibovna Volova. Agnia was born into an educated Jewish family. Her father was Lev Nikolaevich Volov, a veterinarian, and Maria Ilyinichna Volova (nee Bloch), who, after the birth of her daughter, took up housekeeping.
The girl's father was very fond of Krylov's fables and from the very childhood of his daughter regularly read them to her at night. He also taught his little daughter to read, from a book. Agnia's father was very fond of the works of the classic of Russian literature, therefore, on his first birthday, he presented his daughter with a book called "How Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy Lives and Works."
Even in early childhood, Agnia began to write poetry. As the poetess herself later admitted, in the first grades of the gymnasium she paid tribute to the love theme: she covered more than one sheet with naive poetic stories about “marquises and pages in love”. However, the girl quickly got tired of composing poems about languid beauties and their ardent lovers, and gradually such poems in her notebooks were replaced by bold epigrams for friends and teachers.
Like all children from intelligent families of those times, Barto studied German and French, went to a prestigious gymnasium. In addition, she entered the choreographic school, intending to become a ballerina. At the same time, the financial situation of the Jewish family, and even in the conditions of the October Revolution, left much to be desired. Therefore, at the age of 15, Agnia forged documents, increasing her age by a year, and went as a seller to the Clothing store (its employees were given herring heads, from which it was possible to cook soup).
creative career
Once the choreographic school, in which Agnia Barto studied, was visited by the People's Commissar of Education Anatoly Lunacharsky. He came to the graduation examinations of the pupils of the school and, among other things, heard how the young poetess, to the accompaniment of music, read out a very impressive poem of her own composition “The Funeral March”. Although the work was by no means humorous, Lunacharsky could hardly restrain himself from laughing and confidently declared that the girl would write beautiful, cheerful and joyful poems.
In 1924, Agnia Lvovna completed her studies at the choreographic school and successfully entered the ballet troupe. However, she still failed to build a successful career on stage: the troupe emigrated, and Agnia's father did not agree to let her go from Moscow.
The poetess brought her first works to the State Publishing House in 1925. The Thief Bear and Chinese Wang Li liked the publishing house, and the poems were published. This was followed by collections of poems "Toys", "Brothers", "Boy on the contrary", "Bullfinch", "Chatterbox" and many others.
The works of the young poetess quickly ensured her great popularity among Soviet readers. She was not a fan of fables, but created humorous and satirical images, ridiculed human shortcomings. Her poems were read not as boring lectures, but as funny teasers, and because of this they were much closer to children than the works of many other children's poets of the early 20th century.
At the same time, Agnia Lvovna always remained a very modest and shy person. So, she was crazy about, but at the first meeting with him she did not even dare to open her mouth. However, subsequently Barto and Mayakovsky still had a conversation about children's poetry, and Agnia learned a lot from him for her future work. And when she listened to one of Agnia's poems, she stated that a five-year-old boy had written it. No less exciting for the writer was the conversation with.
Both in her youth and in her more mature years, Agnia Lvovna was distinguished by a kind of linguistic perfectionism. One day she went to a book convention in Brazil. She was to make a presentation, and translated into English. Nevertheless, Barto repeatedly changed the text of the Russian version of her speech, which almost drove the translator crazy.
During the war years, Agnia Barto was evacuated to Sverdlovsk with her family. She spoke extensively on the radio, published military articles, essays and poems in newspapers. In the 1940s, she came up with the idea of a work about young teenagers who tirelessly work at numerous machine tools in defense factories. To master the topic, she even mastered the profession of a turner, and in 1943 she wrote the long-awaited work "A student is coming."
post-war period
After the war, the poetess very often visited orphanages, talked with orphans, read her poems, and even patronized some orphanages. In 1947, Agnia Barto published one of her most psychologically difficult works - the poem "Zvenigorod", dedicated to numerous children whose parents were taken away by the war.
After the publication of Zvenigorod, a woman from Karaganda, who had lost her daughter during the war years, wrote to her. She asked Agnia Lvovna to help find her. The poetess took the letter to an organization that was looking for people, and a miracle happened: mother and daughter found each other after several years of separation. This case was written in the press, and soon Barto began to receive numerous letters from children and parents eager to find each other.
The poetess took up a job that was beyond the power of anyone. In her radio program Find a Man, children talked about their fragmentary memories from the time when they still lived with their parents. Barto read out excerpts from letters, listeners helped her: as a result, a huge number of people found their relatives precisely thanks to Agnia Lvovna.
Naturally, the poetess did not forget about her work, and continued to write books for the smallest. Her poems for children “Grandfather and Granddaughter”, “Leshenka, Leshenka”, “Bear and Uncle Vova”, “First Grader”, “Vovka Kind Soul” and many others were published in large numbers and read with pleasure by children all over the country.
In addition, according to Agnia's scripts, the films "Alyosha Ptitsyn develops character", "Elephant and rope" were shot. A small filmography of the poetess also includes the painting "Foundling", for which Barto helped to write the script.
Personal life
The first husband of Agnia Lvovna is the poet Pavel Barto, whose name the poetess subsequently bore all her life. This marriage, concluded in the youth of both poets, lasted less than ten years.
Pavel and Agnia had a son, Edgar, who died at the age of 18 in an accident.
The second husband of the writer was Andrei Shcheglyaev, with whom she lived in happiness and love until 1970, when Andrei Vladimirovich died due to cancer.
In this marriage, a daughter, Tatyana, was born, who later became a candidate of technical sciences.
Death
Agniya Barto died on April 1, 1981, the cause of death was heart problems. After the autopsy, the doctors were amazed that the poetess lived a long enough life despite the fact that she had extremely weak blood vessels.
Many fans of Agnia's work subsequently recalled her phrase "Almost every person has moments in his life when he does more than he can" - and noted that for Barto such minutes stretched out for whole years.
(1906-1981) Soviet poetess
The poems of Agnia Barto entered our consciousness from childhood. Both in kindergarten and elementary school, they are often the very first appeal to the vast world of fiction. It is no coincidence that the total circulation of Agnia Lvovna Barto's books exceeded thirty million copies, they were published more than 400 times, translated into all languages of the peoples of Russia and many foreign ones.
Nevertheless, it was by no means easy to enter the world of great poetry along with such recognized masters as K. Chukovsky and S. Marshak. Agniya Lvovna herself recalls this in her book Notes of a Children's Poet. The title of Barto's memoirs is symbolic, as she has always considered herself primarily a poet for children.
Agnia Lvovna Barto was born in Moscow, in the family of a veterinarian. At first, like many in childhood, she experienced a number of hobbies - she studied music, studied at a choreographic school. After the final exams, Agnia read her poem for the first time at one of the evenings, and A. Lunacharsky, the then People's Commissar of Education, accidentally heard it, this seriously influenced her further biography. They met, and Lunacharsky, as if foreseeing the girl's creative future, said that she would write funny poems. This meeting, which, as it turned out later, determined her fate, was one of the most powerful impressions of her youth.
Perhaps Agnia Lvovna owes her literary gift to her father, Lev Nikolaevich Volov. He loved to read poetry, knew by heart almost all of Krylov's fables and constantly gave books to his daughter. Relatives even made fun of him, because once he gave Agnia the book "How Leo Tolstoy Lives and Works."
Since 1925, Agniya Barto has already begun to print her poems. First came "Revushka Girl" and "Dirty Girl", followed by "Chinese Wang Li" and "Thief Bear". Her poems were dedicated to small children, about four or eight years old, who listened to them with pleasure, because they recognized themselves and their tricks in them. These poems made up the first collection, published in 1928 under the title "Brothers". In 1934, Agniya Barto published a collection of satirical poems for younger schoolchildren, The Boy on the Opposite.
The main thing in the biography of the poetess has always been the knowledge of the world of the child, the features of his imagination and thinking. She carefully studied what he was doing, how and what he was talking about. True, Agniya Barto always believed that she not only writes for children, but also addresses adults at the same time.
At first, Barto was greatly assisted by K. Chukovsky and S. Marshak. They answered her letters, gave advice, and in 1933 Chukovsky published a short response about "Toys". Under the same title, in 1936, another collection of poems by Agnia Barto was published.
Chukovsky continued to closely follow the work of the young poetess and some time later already called her a "talented lyricist." At the same time, he invariably demanded from her "more thoughtfulness, the severity of the verse." Agniya Barto always sensitively perceived his instructions, although she had heard something else. As Agniya Lvovna herself recalls, "there were times when children's poems were adopted by a general meeting, by a majority of votes." At one time, they criticized, for example, the rhyme in her poem "Toys":
They dropped Mishka on the floor.
Mishka's paw was torn off.
I still won't drop it.
Because he's good.
Critics considered it too difficult for children to understand. Nevertheless, Agnia Lvovna stubbornly defended her vision of the children's theme and wrote poems for the little ones the way she imagined them. She continued to use complex, playful rhyme.
At the same time, her circle of interests gradually expanded. In 1937, Barto traveled to Spain to attend a congress of writers in defense of culture. Under the influence of what she saw and heard, a new theme appeared in her work - patriotic. Time itself dictated such verses: there was a war in Spain, the world was on the eve of World War II. Therefore, the impressions of the experienced wars remained not only in memory.
In the thirties, the biography was marked by a new event, cinema unexpectedly entered the life of the poetess. In 1939, Agniya Barto wrote her first script for the children's film "The Foundling", in 1946 she wrote a new one - "The Elephant and the Rope", and in the fifties - "Alyosha Ptitsyn develops character" and "Ten thousand boys". All these films were very popular with children and adults, and many phrases of little heroes became winged. However, this is not surprising: after all, such brilliant comedic actresses as Rina Zelenaya and Faina Ranevskaya often acted as co-authors of Barto. Interest in children's drama at Agnia Barto remained for life. In 1975, she wrote the play In Order of Deception.
With the outbreak of war, Agniya Lvovna Barto tried to get to the front, but had to leave for the rear, since her husband, an energy engineer, was assigned to Sverdlovsk (present-day Yekaterinburg). She lived there until 1942 and continued to work all this time. Agnia Lvovna begins to speak on the radio, in orphanages, publishes military poems, articles, and essays in newspapers. She still made it to the front. After returning to Moscow in the spring of 1942, the poetess was sent to the Western Front as a correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda.
After the war, she continues to write funny poems for children, creates several satirical and humorous works, which will later be included in her books “Who is considered happy?” (1962) and "What's the matter with him?" (1966). In those same years, Barto had a chance to work in an orphanage for orphans, and she wrote the poem "Zvenigorod".
The sixties occupy a special place not only in the biography of Agnia Barto, but also in the history of the whole country. The poetess begins to conduct the radio program "Find a Man" and helps many people find their relatives who were lost during the war. About a thousand people found their loved ones thanks to the work and energy of Agniya Lvovna Barto. Based on the stories about the search for children lost during the Great Patriotic War, she wrote the book "Find a Man", which was published in 1968. And in 1972, for her multifaceted activities, Barto became a laureate of the Lenin Prize.
At the same time, Agnia Lvovna was actively engaged in social activities. She becomes a member of the International Association of Children's Writers and a laureate of the Andersen Medal, travels a lot around different countries, and holds an international competition for children's drawings.
Agnia Lvovna believed that constant communication with the audience enriched her. After she had a chance to broadcast, her poems became more lyrical. And this is true: they seem to be addressed to the most intimate feelings and experiences. Poetic and their names - "I'm growing" (1968), "For flowers in the winter forest" (1970).
Agnia Lvovna Barto herself determined the secret of her creative longevity, which lies in her words: "Poems written for children must be inexhaustibly young."
Agniya Barto died on April 1, 1981. She was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery (site No. 3).
Agnia Lvovna Barto
(1906 - 1981),
writer, poet, translator
Agnia Lvovna Barto was born in Moscow on February 17, 1906. Here she studied and grew up. She recalled about her childhood: “The first impression of my childhood was the high voice of a hurdy-gurdy outside the window. For a long time I dreamed of walking around the yards and turning the handle of the hurdy-gurdy so that people attracted by music would look out of all the windows.
In her youth, Agniya Lvovna was attracted to ballet, she dreamed of becoming a dancer. Therefore, she entered the choreographic school. But several years passed, and Agniya Lvovna realized that poetry was the most important thing for her. After all, Barto began to compose poetry in early childhood, in the first grades of the gymnasium. And the first listener and critic of her work was Father Lev Nikolaevich Valov, a veterinarian. He was very fond of reading, he knew by heart many of Krylov's fables, he valued Leo Tolstoy above all. When Agnia was very small, he gave her a book called "How Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy Lives and Works." With the help of this and other serious books, without a primer, my father taught Agnia to read. It was the father who demandingly followed the first verses of little Agnia, taught how to write poetry “correctly”. And in 1925 (then Barto was only 19 years old) her first book was published. The poems were immediately liked by the readers.
Agnia Lvovna wrote not only poetry. She has several movie scripts. These are Foundling (together with Rina Zelena), Elephant and Rope, Alyosha Ptitsyn develops character, Black Kitten, Ten Thousand Boys. And many of Barto's poems became songs: "Amateur fisherman", "Lyoshenka, Lyoshenka", "Useful goat", etc.
Agnia Lvovna visited many countries, met with children, and from everywhere brought poems of “little poets” - as she jokingly called them. Thus was born an unusual book called "Translations from Children". These are poems by Agnia Barto, written on behalf of the children she met during her trips.
Agnia Lvovna devoted her whole life to children's poetry and left us many wonderful poems. The poetess died at the age of 75 in 1981.
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Agnia Lvovna Barto 1906-1981
Agnia Barto was born on February 4, 1906 in Moscow into an educated family. Her father, Lev Nikolaevich Volov (1875-1924), was a veterinarian. Mother, Maria Ilyinichna Volova (d. 1959), was a housewife. As a child, Agnia studied at a ballet school. At the same time, she began to write poetry.
A. Lunacharsky, after listening to Barto's poems, advised her to continue writing. She regularly published collections of poems: "Brothers" (1928), "Boy on the contrary" (1934), "Toys" (1936), "Bullfinch" (1939).
During the Patriotic War, Barto often spoke on the radio in Moscow and Sverdlovsk, wrote military poems, articles, and essays. In 1942 she was a correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda on the Western Front. In the post-war years she visited Bulgaria, Iceland, Japan, England and other countries.
The first husband of Agnia Lvovna was the poet Pavel Barto. Together with him, she wrote three poems - "Girl-roar", "Girl grimy" and "Counting". In 1927 their son Edgar was born. In the spring of 1945, Garik died tragically in (he was hit by a truck while riding a bicycle).
The second husband of Agnia Lvovna was Andrey Vladimirovich Shcheglyaev. From this marriage a daughter was born - Tatyana.
In life, everything went well: the husband moved up the career ladder, daughter Tatyana got married and gave birth to a son, Vladimir. It was about him that Barto composed the poems "Vovka is a kind soul."
The name Agnia Barto was given to one of the minor planets (2279 Barto), located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, as well as to one of the craters on Venus.
Agnia Barto died on April 1, 1981. But we say thank you for the wonderful poems on which more than one generation of children will be brought up.
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Agnia Lvovna Barto(1906-81) - Russian children's writer.
Barto's legacy: the collections Clubfoot (1926), Brothers (1928), Poems for Children (1949), For Flowers in the Winter Forest (1970); prose books for adults Find a Man (1968) - about search for parents who lost their children during the Great Patriotic War, "Notes of a Children's Poet" (1976), film scripts "Foundling" (1939), "Alyosha Ptitsyn develops character" (1958). Her poem Verevochka was taken by director I. Fraz for the basis of the concept of the film "The Elephant and the Rope 2 (1945).
She was born on February 4 (17), 1906 in Moscow in the family of a veterinarian. She studied at the ballet school. During her studies, under the creative influence of Anna Akhmatova and Vladimir Mayakovsky, she began to write poetic epigrams and sketches. On the advice of Lunacharsky, she took up professional literary work.
In 1925, her first poems Barto "Chinese Wang Li" and "The Thief Bear" were published. They were followed by "The First Mother" (1926), "Brothers" (1928), after the publication of which Korney Chukovsky noted the outstanding talent of Agnia Barto as a children's poet. Some poems were written jointly with her husband, the poet P.N.
After the publication of a cycle of poetic miniatures for the smallest "Toys" (1936), as well as poems "Flashlight", "Mashenka" and others, Barto became one of the most famous and beloved by readers of children's poets, her works were published in huge editions, were included in anthologies. Rhythm, images, rhymes, and plots of these poems turned out to be close and understandable to millions of children.
During the Great Patriotic War, Agniya Barto was evacuated in Sverdlovsk, went to the front with the reading of her poems, spoke on the radio, wrote for newspapers. Her poems of the war years (the collection "Teenagers", 1943, the poem "Nikit", 1945, etc.) are mainly of a journalistic nature. For the collection "Poems for Children" (1949) Agniya Barto was awarded the State Prize (1950).
The pupils of the orphanage are described in Barto's poem "Zvenigorod" (1948). For nine years, Barto hosted the Find a Man radio program, in which she searched for people torn apart by the war. With its help, about 1000 families were reunited. About this work, Barto wrote the story "Find a Man" (published in 1968).
In "Notes of a Children's Poet" (1976), the poetess formulated her poetic and human credo: "Children need the whole gamut of feelings that give rise to humanity." Numerous trips to different countries led her to the idea of the wealth of the inner world of a child of any nationality. This idea was confirmed by the poetry collection "Translations from Children" (1977), in which Barto translated children's poems from different languages.