Specially protected natural territories of the Sakhalin region. Reserves of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Section i. general provisions

On February 10, 1984, a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR established the Kuril State Nature Reserve. It is located in the Yuzhno-Kurilsky district, in Sakhalin region, on the islands of the Kuril archipelago.

The area of ​​the reserve is 65,365 hectares. It consists of 3 disconnected sections: northern Kunashir, southern Kunashir, and the Lesser Kuril ridge, located on the islands of Demina and Shards.

More than 70% of all protected area covered with forests. There are 227 species of birds in the reserve, of which 107 are nesting and 29 species of mammals. Many of the animals are listed in the Red Book of Russia.

The Kuril Reserve is rich in vascular plants, there are 107 species here, some of them are listed in the International and Russian Red Books. In Russia, only on the island of Kunashir you can find Maksimovich birch, disputable botrocarium, obovate magnolia, Maksimovich linden and Japanese maple.

Natural objects are: the Golovnin volcano caldera, Ptichy waterfall, Tyatya volcano, Neskuchensky springs and Cape Stolbchaty.

On this territory and its protected zones, 66 ethnographic and archaeological monuments were found, including sites ancient man, Japanese buildings, Ainu settlements and more.

For a long time, man underestimated the harm caused to the world around him by his economic activity. Therefore, new non-waste technologies, agroecosystems are being built, environmental laws are being approved, Red Books are being written, and systems of specially protected natural areas are being created.

There are six main categories of protected areas in the world.

• Reserve.
• Natural monument.
• National park.
• Reserve.
• Protected land and water landscapes.
• Protected areas with managed resources.

State natural reserve is the most stringent form of territorial nature protection. It represents, firstly, a territory completely withdrawn from economic use, and secondly, research institutions aimed at preserving and studying the natural course of natural processes and phenomena.

national park - this is a vast territory, which includes both completely protected areas and areas intended for recreation, recreation, nearby tourism, and promotion of environmental knowledge.

Monuments of nature - these are separate natural objects that have scientific, aesthetic, cultural or educational value. They can be an unusual spring, a waterfall, a ravine with rare species plants, very old trees.

Reserve is a natural complex designed to preserve certain types of natural resources while limited use others. Certain species are permanently or temporarily prohibited in areas occupied by wildlife sanctuaries. economic activity

RESERVE "KURIL"

1984 is the year of the formation of the Kurilsky Reserve.

The Kurilsky nature reserve is located in the Yuzhno-Kurilsky district of the Sakhalin region on the island of Kunashir and

adjoining

Malaya Islands

Kuril ridge

Red Data Book Species of Plants and Animals

• Of those listed in the Red Books, 43 species are found, including mosses, fungi and lichens.
• From marine mammals, listed in the Red Book, there are 3 species - the Kuril sea otter, the Kuril seal (anthur) and the sea lion.
• Acclimatized European mink - a rare species
• Of the bird species, 31 species are included in the Red Book.
• Two species of reptiles, distributed in Russia only in Kunashir, are listed in the Red Book: the Far Eastern skink and the Japanese snake.
• Of the invertebrates - a motley aphrodite ("sea mouse"), Deryugin's craboid, wrinkled ground beetle and, apparently, several species of pearl mussels.

Unique natural objects reserve

• Golovnin volcano caldera– unique from various points of view: from the scientific point of view – manifestations of modern volcanism, originality of vegetation cover, originality of soils; from an aesthetic point of view - a huge volcanic basin with a mirror lake Hot and mud, milky-colored Lake Boiling.
• Volcano Tyatya It is considered the most beautiful volcano in the world in terms of beauty and regularity of forms.
• Waterfall Bird. The largest waterfall of the island (12 m), the most beautiful object of Kunashir.
• Bird River the second largest river Kunashir, along its entire length is a series of waterfalls. The color of the water changes from blue to completely transparent.
• Group of spawning rivers Tyatin,

Saratovka, Night- have a special

value as the core of salmon spawning in

Tyatinsky forestry of the reserve.

• Neskuchensky sources. Thermal

sources and outlets of hot gases

Volk. Dokuchaeva

RESERVE PORONAYSKY”

The reserve is located in the Poronai region, in the eastern part of Sakhalin Island within the most extended part of the Tym-Poronai lowland and the southernmost part of the Central Range of the East Sakhalin Mountains. It was organized in 1987. It consists of two sections - Nevsky and Vladimirsky.

• The fauna of the forest part of the reserve is dominated by taiga species with the addition of species characteristic of deciduous forests Primorye.
• Colonial sea birds nest on the rocks: slender-billed murre, black-tailed gull, spectacled guillemot, great and little auklet, old man, white belly, etc. bird market located on Cape Patience.
• The following species are included in the Red Book of Russia: Sakhalin musk deer, Aleutian tern, mandarin duck, white-tailed eagle, Steller's sea eagle, osprey, wild grouse, peregrine falcon. to the valuable

economic relations

species include those living

in the northern reserve

deer, sable, otter,

Brown bear.

Reserves federal significance

“ SMALL KURILS”- The reserve includes places of wintering, nesting and concentrations numerous kinds, migratory waterfowl and sea ​​birds and was created to protect nesting, migratory and wintering birds and marine mammals living in the area, including species listed in the International Red Book and the Red Book of the Russian Federation.

"MONERON ISLAND"

• Includes a large number of rare plants: Sakhalin sandman, rough bluegrass, Todomoshirsky ostrich, obovate peony, spiky yew, heart-shaped aralia, Sargent's juniper.
• High transparency of water (up to 30-40 m), action warm current, determine the existence of rare species of underwater fauna: abalone, boreal plasaster, giant tugamy, as well as the preservation of populations of commercial invertebrates (sea urchin, trepang) and fish.
• On the coastal reefs of the island there are rookeries of marine mammals: sea lions, spotted seals, especially numerous during spring and autumn migrations.
• Rocky coastal islets serve as nesting sites for seabirds. On the island there are colonies of puffins, puffin rhinoceros, sea ​​gulls– black-tailed and Pacific, thin-billed murre, Japanese cormorants and other species, nesting peregrine falcon and white-tailed eagle.

"CRATER BAY"

• The reserve performs the functions of biological, hydrological, geological and landscape reserves, to maintain the overall ecological balance: natural landscape, unique marine ecosystem with high biomass, coastal and underwater gas-hydrothermal sources, as a result of active volcanic activity and a unique hydrochemical composition sea ​​water in the bay.

RESERVES OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

• "Northern"

maintains integrity natural communities protection of nesting sites, mass congestion and rest during the migration of waterfowl and other migratory birds, conservation and reproduction of rare and endangered species of animals, Steller's and white-tailed eagles, peregrine falcon, gyrfalcon, lesser swan, black mallard, large, medium and small , white heron, duck - mandarin duck, etc., as well as valuable in the household,

scientific and cultural relations of species of animals and birds: brown bear, otters, sable,

American mink, hazel grouse, ducks

"Tundra"

• maintains the integrity of natural communities, protection of nesting sites, mass congestion and rest during the migration of waterfowl and other migratory birds, conservation and reproduction of rare and endangered species of animals and their habitats, the original habitat of the northwestern population of wild reindeer, economically, scientifically and culturally valuable species of animals and birds: brown bear, wild reindeer, otter, sable, American mink, hazel grouse, ducks and others, and

also the protection and preservation of

natural state of the forest

communities of the northern taiga.

"Nogliksky"

• in order to preserve natural ecosystems in the area inhabited by the indigenous peoples of the North, protect the wild grouse population, as well as restore the number of wild reindeer and other economically, scientifically and culturally valuable animal species

and plants.

"Alexandrovsky"

• maintains the integrity of natural communities, protection of nesting sites, mass gathering and rest during the migration of waterfowl and other migratory birds, conservation and reproduction of rare and endangered species of animals and their habitats, the original habitat of the northwestern population of wild reindeer, valuable in the economic, scientific and cultural relations of species of animals and birds: brown bear, wild reindeer, otter, sable, American mink, hazel grouse, ducks and others, as well as the preservation of unique, aesthetically valuable forest landscapes.

"Krasnogorsky"

• protection of endangered migratory birds, as well as their habitat, in order to protect nesting sites and mass congestion during flights waterfowl, reproduction of rare and endangered bird species, as well as economically valuable animal species: sable, otter,

wild reindeer,

brown bear, american

mink, fox and others.

Makarovsky

• integrity maintenance

natural communities

restoration of natural complexes

mountain taiga, conservation and reproduction of rare and endangered species of animals, such as: Sakhalin musk deer, white-tailed and Steller's sea eagles, osprey, fish owl, mandarin duck, as well as economically, scientifically and culturally valuable species of animals and birds: wild reindeer , brown bear, otter, hazel grouse, ducks; rare and endangered plant species: obovate peony, heart-shaped aralia, large-flowered slipper, spotted slipper, Kuril cherry, Yezek wolf, Nippon gentian, Gray's two-leaf, viburnum forked, weak lily, Sargent's juniper, twisted juniper, wrinkled holly, pink radiola, spiky yew , bird cherry Syori

"White"

• Maintaining the integrity of natural communities, protection of nesting sites, mass gathering and recreation during the migration of waterfowl and other migratory birds, conservation and reproduction of rare and endangered species of animals and their habitats, such as: Steller's and white-tailed eagles, peregrine falcon, gyrfalcon, small swan, black mallard, large, medium and small, white heron, mandarin duck, as well as species of animals and birds valuable in economic, scientific and cultural terms: brown bear, otter, sable,
• american mink, fox,
• raccoon dog, hazel grouse, ducks

"Lake Dobretskoye"

• maintaining the integrity of natural communities, protecting nesting sites, mass congestion and rest during the migration of waterfowl and other migratory birds, conservation and reproduction of rare and endangered species of animals and their habitats, such as: Steller's and white-tailed eagles, peregrine falcon, gyrfalcon, small swan, black mallard, large, medium and little heron, mandarin duck,

as well as valuable in the economic,

scientific and cultural

relationships between animal and bird species:

brown bear, otter, sable,

American mink, hazel grouse,

"Island"

• protection of endangered migratory birds and their habitats, in order to protect nesting sites and mass congestion during migratory waterfowl, reproduction of rare and endangered bird species, as well as in connection with the acclimatization of the European mink on Iturup Island. Protected animal species: European mink, sea otter, black stork, golden eagle, osprey, peregrine falcon, black crane, Okhotsk snail, sandpiper, black-necked grebe, gray heron, great heron, white heron, great bittern, White stork, white goose, lesser white-fronted swan, kloktun, black mallard, baby chase, oystercatcher, lapwing, ringed plover, sea plover, black snipe, mountain snipe, Asiatic snipe, forest snipe, harrier, Icelandic sandpiper, oystercatcher, white-tailed sandpiper, turukhtan, stilt, greave, long-eared owl, great nightjar and others.

Monuments of nature

"Okhinsky district"

• Wrangel Islands (complex)

Formed 12/23/87 G

Area 85 ha

Protected bird species: colonies of Aleutian and river terns, Sakhalin dunlin

"Nogliki district"

1. Dagin thermal springs

Formed on 12/23/87

Area 9 ha

mineral medicinal waters and dirt

2. Larvo Island

Formed 05/19/83

Area 100 ha

3. Lunsky bay

Formed on 08.09.97

Area 22110 ha

Species nesting on the territory of the natural monument are Steller's sea eagle, white-tailed eagle, wild grouse, osprey, Aleutian tern, and long-billed fawn. During migration, peregrine falcon, sandpiper, sandpiper, red-throated sandpiper are regularly encountered.

4. Gull Island

Formed on 25.02.86

Area 118 ha

Colonies of nesting 2 species of terns - river and Aleutian

"Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky District"

1. Placer of agates of the Cape and the Chernaya River

Educated 05/19/83

Area 100 ha

placers of agates

2. Gorge of the Oktyabrsky stream

Educated 05/19/83

Area 150 ha

Denudation rock remnants on both sides of the canyon, reminiscent of the ruins of watchtowers of the medieval age

3. Kabarozhye rocks with grottoes

Educated 05/19/83

Area 150 ha

Geological phenomena, as well as the Sakhalin musk deer

"Smirnykhovsky district"

• Mount Vaida

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 600 ha

Karst caves

"Uglegorsky district"

• Lesogorsk thermal springs

Orazovan 23.08.85

Area 2069 ha

thermal springs

"Poronaysky district"

• Waterfall on the Nitui River

Formed on 28.03.90

Area 28.3 ha

three-stage

waterfall 8 m high.

and 12 m wide

"Makarovskiy district"

1. Group of Pugachev mud

volcanoes

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 1370 ha

On the territory of the natural monument

grow: Sakhalin primrose

(endemic), wormwood muddy (endemic),

swamp-loving gentian (endemic), koroda onion (endemic), Sakhalin kopeechnik (endemic)

2. Ammonites of the Pugachevka River

Formed on 04.01.95

Area 89 ha

Ammonites - rare species of fossil shells, extinct cephalopods ammonidium

3.Population rocky

flora

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 0.1 ha

Stonecrop multistemmed,

thyme Japanese, Smolevka Sakhalin (endemic)

4. Population endemic species plants

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 0.2 ha

Endemics: wormwood, marsh-loving gentian, Sakhalin primrose, koroda onion

5. Population of the outstanding vaccinium (krasniki)

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 20 ha

Vaccinium population (reds)

"Tomarinsky district"

1. Tomarinsky forest

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 7 ha

Tumberga pine, densely flowered pine

2. Krasnogorsk yew forest

Formed 12/28/88

Area 80 ha

Yew pointed

3. Spamberg mountain lakes

Formed on 28.03.90

Area 1100 ha

Plants: Gray's double leaf, Glen's cardiocrinum, pointed yew, Sargent's juniper.

Animals: Sakhalin musk deer, swallowtail, Chashkevich's satyr, Japanese nigella

"Dolinsky district"

1. Starodub oak forests

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 11ha

Curly oak

2. Anna River

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 3.05 ha

201 species of vertebrates live on the territory of the natural monument, including 162 species of birds, 35 species of mammals, 2 species of amphibians, 2 species of reptiles.

"Kholmsky district"

1. Kostroma cedar forest

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 5 ha

Korean cedar

2. Cape Slepikovsky

Formed on 04.01.95

Area 600 ha

About 200 species of higher vascular plants, 12 species of mammals, 5 species of amphibians, 2 species of reptiles, 80 species of birds

"Nevelsky district"

1. Cape Kuznetsov (zoological)

Formed on May 19, 1993

Area 519 ha

Sea lion, red-footed chauffeur, peregrine falcon

"Anivsky district"

1.Uspenovsky cranberries

Formed on 04/06/95

Area 300 ha

cranberries and also

medicinal plants:

three-leaf watch, wild rosemary; berries: cranberries, blueberries, cloudberries

2. Aniva grove of white acacia

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 0.5 ha

Acacia white out of range

dissemination

"City of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk"

1. Structural-denudation remnant "Frog"

Formed 05/19/83

Area 12 ha

Group of structural denudation remains

2. South Sakhalin mud volcano

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 25 ha

Fragments of mudstones, siltstones and sandstones soaked to clay, containing fragments

Upper Cretaceous ammonite shells

age (more than 70 million years)

3. Population of cardiocrinum (lily) Glen

Formed on December 28, 1988

Area 4 ha

Cardiocrinum Glen

4. Novo-Aleksandrovsky

relict forest

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 1 ha

Sakhalin fir, Ayan spruce, Manchurian ash, hawthorn, actinidia kolomikta

5. Highlands of Mount Chekhov

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 1910 hectares

Rare species of animals and plants

6. Upper Bureinsky

Formed on February 25, 1986

Area 150 ha

Rare species of ground beetles, as well as rare plant species: spiky yew, Glen's cardiocrinum, Gray's two-leaf, macropodium winged seed

7. Aniva hazel

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 0.5 ha

Manchurian walnut

8. Korean cedar

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 2 ha

Korean cedar

"Korsakovskiy district"

1. Busse Lagoon

Formed on 06/07/77

Area 5740 ha

Anfeltia, marine commercial organisms (sea urchin, shrimp, trepang) are noted on the territory of the natural monument

2. Korsakov spruce forest

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 10 ha

spruce glen

3. Ozersky spruce forest

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 6620 ha

spruce glen

4. Lake Tunaicha

Formed on 06/07/77

Area 23400 ha

29 fish species from 13 families. The most numerous are salmon (9 species), carp (4 species), smelt (4 species).

5. Chaika Bay

Formed on 25.02.86

Area 150 ha

Akiba, sea lion

6. Waterfall Bear

Formed 12/23/87

Area 145.7

183 species of vascular plants grow on the territory of the natural monument

7. Cape Giant

Formed on 28.03.90

Area 43 ha

Spruce-fir forests of the marine terrace. On the protruding rocks of the bench, seal haulouts,

bird colonies

"Yuzhno-Kurilsky district"

1.Volcano Mendeleev

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 30000 ha

Hot springs and sulfate fields, sulfuric outcrops with a temperature of 83-870C, rare species of animals, including the Far Eastern skink

2. Kunashir shrub relic forest

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 0.5 ha

3. South Kuril relict forest

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 0.5 ha

Dimorphant, yew pointed, magnolia obovate

4. Lagunoozersky relict forest

Formed on May 13, 1980

Area 0.5 ha

Dimorphant, yew spiky

5. Phellodendron grove on about. Shikotan

Formed on May 19, 1983

Area 0.1 ha

Sakhalin velvet, aralia

high, actinidia kolomikta,

sumac orientalis

The water surface and the air space above them, where natural complexes and objects are located that have a special environmental, scientific, cultural, aesthetic, recreational and health significance, which are withdrawn by decisions of the authorities state power in whole or in part from economic use and for which a regime of special protection has been established.

specially protected natural areas belong to the public domain.

In Russia, the most important legislative act regulating relations in the field of organization, protection and use of protected areas is the Federal Law "On Specially Protected Natural Territories", adopted by the State Duma on February 15, 1995.

If you look into the history of the protection of some natural objects, then Peter I issued a decree banning the shooting of elk in the St. Petersburg province. However modern system The protected area originates from the creation in the USA of the world's first national park "Yellowstone" (1872). In Russia, the system of protected areas has been formed for more than 80 years. One of the first was the Barguzinsky Reserve, founded on Baikal in 1916. By the end of 1998, this system included 99 nature reserves, 34 national parks, about 1,600 state reserves and more than 8,000 natural monuments.

State natural reserve(full reserve) is the most stringent form of territorial nature protection. It represents, firstly, a territory completely withdrawn from economic use, and secondly, research institutions aimed at preserving and studying the natural course of natural processes and phenomena. Only scientific, security and control activities are allowed in the reserve, and in exceptional cases - the organization of educational and ecological routes. Sometimes even the cleaning of fallen and dead trees that violates the natural development of natural processes.

From total number reserves, biosphere reserves, included in international system biosphere reserves and carrying out global environmental monitoring. In Russia, about 20% of reserves have such an international status, including Prioksko-Terrasny, located not far from Moscow.

In addition to territories that are completely closed to the public, it is also necessary to create territories available for controlled visits. World experience says that the main thing for nature protection now is the education of environmentally literate people, especially the younger generation.

national park- this is a vast territory (from several thousand to several million hectares), including both completely protected areas and areas intended for recreation, recreation, nearby tourism, and promotion of environmental knowledge. One of the famous national parks in Russia is Losiny Ostrov (Moscow).

Reserve is a natural complex designed to preserve some types of natural resources with limited use of others. Certain types of economic activity are permanently or temporarily prohibited in the areas occupied by wildlife sanctuaries. For example, any economic activity leading to disturbance of the landscape is prohibited, but hunting may be allowed. Temporary hunting reserves are often created to preserve and restore the number of any species of animals.

Reserves and natural monuments, although they play a positive role in maintaining the ecological balance, cannot fundamentally solve the problem. Only systemic natural aggregates can be saved, not individual components.

Monuments of nature- these are separate natural objects that have scientific, aesthetic, cultural or educational value. They can be an unusual spring, a waterfall, a ravine with rare plant species, very old trees that were "witnesses" of any historical events, for example, oaks in the Kolomenskoye estate (Moscow), preserved from the time of Ivan the Terrible.

Depending on the purpose, protected areas may be federally owned and managed, or they may be regional or even municipal property.

Protected Areas of Federal Importance

1. State Natural Reserve "Kurilsky"

2. State Nature Reserve "Poronaisky"

3. Reserve of federal importance "Small Kuriles"

4. Therapeutic area (resort) "Lake Changeable"

5. Sakhalin Botanical Garden

PAs of regional importance

NATURE PARK

1. Moneron Island

STATE NATURE RESERVES

1. Northern

2. Tundra

3. Alexander

4. Krasnogorsk

5. Makarovsky

6. Red deer

7. Lake Dobretskoye

8. Oriental

9. Nogliksky

10. Kraternaya Bay

11. Island

MONUMENTS OF NATURE

1. Kabarozhye rocks with grottoes

2. Gorge of the Oktyabrsky stream

3. Scattering of agates from the Cape and the Chernaya River

4. Uspenovskie cranberries

5. Anna River

6. Starodub oak forests

7. Waterfall Bear

8. Chaika Bay

9. Structural-denudation remnant "Frog"

10. Lake Tunaicha

11. Busse Lagoon

12. Ozersky spruce forest

13. Cape Giant

14. Korsakov spruce forest

15. Zhdanko Ridge

16. Ammonites of the Pugachevka River

17. Group of Pugachev Mud Volcanoes

18. Population of rock flora

19. Cape Kuznetsov

20. Waterfall on the Nitui River

21. Gull Island

22. Larvo Island

23. Lunsky Bay

24. Dagin thermal springs

25. Wrangel Islands

26. Mount Vaida

27. Krasnogorsk yew forest

28. Tomarinsky Forest

29. Spamberg mountain lakes

30. Lesogorskie term. sources

31. Kostroma cedar forest

32. Cape Slepikovsky

33. Mendeleev volcano

34. Lagoon lake relic forest

35. Phellodendron grove Shikotan

36. Kunashir shrub relic forest

37. South Kuril relict forest

38. Novoaleksandrovsky relict forest

39. South Sakhalin mud volcano

40. Highlands of Mount Chekhov

41. Manchurian walnut grove

42. Population of cardiocrinum (lily) Glen

43. Verkhnebureinsky

Protected Areas of Local Importance

1. Natural monument "Black Rocks"

2. Natural monument "Gorge of Rock"

3. Natural monument "Cape Konakov"

4. Natural monument "Cape Isoya"

5. Monument of nature "Cape Eugene"

6. Natural monument "Bear Ridge"

7. Natural monument "Caldera Urbich"

8. Natural monument "Lion's Mouth Caldera"

9. Monument of nature ""

10. Natural monument "White Rocks"

This Law has been developed in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the Charter of the Sakhalin Region and other regulatory legal acts of the Sakhalin Region.
This Law regulates relations in the field of organization, protection and use of specially protected natural areas of the Sakhalin Region.
The law is aimed at preserving unique, typical and positively affecting natural complexes, objects of flora and fauna, natural landmarks, studying natural processes in the biosphere, monitoring changes in its state, environmental education and education of the population of the Sakhalin region.

SECTION I. General Provisions

Article 1. Categories and types of specially protected natural areas of the Sakhalin Region
1. Taking into account the peculiarities of the regime of specially protected natural territories and the status of nature protection institutions located on them, the following categories of these territories are distinguished in the Sakhalin Region:
a) government nature reserves;
b) national parks;
in) natural parks;
d) state nature reserves;
e) on-farm, hunting and forestry reserves;
f) monuments of nature;
g) dendrological parks and botanical gardens;
h) security zones;
i) health-improving areas and resorts.
2. Research stations may be declared objects of specially protected natural areas of local importance in the Sakhalin Region.
3. Administration of the Sakhalin Region and authorities local government within the scope of their powers, they can establish other categories of specially protected natural areas: territories where green areas are located, urban forests, urban parks, protected coastlines, protected river systems, biological stations, micro-reserves.

Article 2. Subjects of relations regulated by this Law
The subjects of relations regulated by this Law are:
a) public authorities of the Sakhalin region: the Sakhalin regional Duma and the administration of the Sakhalin region;
b) local governments municipalities Sakhalin region;
c) legal entities and citizens.

Article 3. Attribution of specially protected natural territories to forms of ownership
1. Natural parks are specially protected natural areas regional significance. They belong to the property of the Sakhalin Region and are under the jurisdiction of the state authorities of the Sakhalin Region.
2. Reserves, natural monuments, dendrological parks, botanical gardens, medical and recreational areas and resorts can be classified as specially protected natural areas of federal or regional significance.
3. Specially protected natural territories of local importance, located on the lands of municipal formations, shall be treated as municipal property.

SECTION II. Powers of state authorities of the Sakhalin region, local authorities in the field of organization, protection and use of specially protected natural areas of the Sakhalin region

Article 4
1. Adopts laws, regulations regulating relations in the creation, organization, protection and use of specially protected natural areas of regional and local significance, makes changes and additions to them.
2. In the process of reviewing and approving the regional budget submitted by the Governor of the Sakhalin Region, determines the amount of funding for measures to develop specially protected natural areas.
3. In accordance with the legislation establishes tax benefits for legal entities engaged in the management, study, protection, maintenance of specially protected natural areas.
4. In accordance with the legislation, it establishes tax benefits for owners, owners, users of land plots within the boundaries of specially protected natural areas that have restrictions on their use in connection with the observance of the regime for the protection of specially protected natural areas.
5. Approves regional development programs for the system of specially protected natural areas and certain categories of specially protected natural areas.
6. Exercises other powers in the field of creation, organization, protection, use of specially protected natural areas in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the legislation of the Sakhalin Region.

Article 5
1. Within the limits of its competence, decides on the issues of classifying specially protected natural areas as objects of federal property. Makes proposals to the Government of the Russian Federation on changing the boundaries, on changing the status of specially protected natural areas of federal and regional significance.
2. Decides on the creation of specially protected natural areas of regional significance.
3. Carries out management of specially protected natural areas of regional significance, controls compliance with the established environmental regime.
4. Takes decisions on reserving land plots for planned specially protected natural areas and on limiting economic activity on them.
5. Leads state cadastre specially protected natural areas of regional significance.
6. Prohibits the construction of environmentally harmful facilities, makes decisions to limit, suspend, terminate the activities of facilities that do not meet the requirements of environmental legislation in specially protected natural areas.
7. Develops and ensures the implementation of programs for the development of specially protected natural areas.
8. Performs within its competence in the prescribed manner foreign economic activity aimed at attracting investments for the development of a system of specially protected natural areas and rational use them natural resources.
9. Exercises other powers in the field of organization, protection, use of specially protected natural areas, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the legislation of the Sakhalin Region.

Article 6. Powers of local self-government bodies
1. Participate in accordance with the law in agreeing on the creation of specially protected natural areas of regional significance on their territory.
2. Submit proposals to the administration of the Sakhalin Region on the recognition of the territory as a medical and health-improving locality or a resort of local significance.
3. Make proposals to the administration of the Sakhalin Region on changing the status of local specially protected natural areas, on changing the boundaries of local specially protected natural areas and giving them the status of regional ones.
4. Carry out management of specially protected natural territories of local importance, exercise control in the field of their organization and functioning.
5. Provide funding for the creation and operation of specially protected natural areas of local importance.
6. Maintain the state cadastre for specially protected natural areas of local importance.
7. Exercise other powers in accordance with the law.

SECTION III. State control in the field of organization and functioning of specially protected natural areas of the Sakhalin Region

Article 7. State control in the field of organization and functioning of specially protected natural areas
State control in the field of organization and functioning of specially protected natural areas at the regional level is carried out by the administration of the Sakhalin Region and specially authorized state bodies of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection. natural environment.

SECTION IV. Economic basis for the functioning of specially protected natural areas of the Sakhalin Region

Article 8. Financing of specially protected natural areas
1. The creation and maintenance of specially protected natural areas of regional significance is financed from the funds of:
a) the regional budget;
b) regional non-budgetary environmental fund Sakhalin region;
c) funds of environmental institutions;
d) other sources of funding not prohibited by law;
2. The creation and maintenance of specially protected natural areas of local importance is financed from the funds of:
a) local budgets;
b) the regional off-budget environmental fund of the Sakhalin region in terms of the costs provided for the implementation environmental protection measures local importance;
c) other sources of funding not prohibited by law.

Article 9. Economic activity in specially protected natural areas
1. Economic activity in specially protected natural areas is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the legislation of the Sakhalin Region and the regime of the corresponding protected area.
2. The administration of specially protected natural areas and legal entities and individuals - users who are in charge of specially protected natural areas, in accordance with the legislation of the Sakhalin Region, have the right to carry out tourism, educational, scientific, advertising, publishing, recreational and other activities, not contradicting the tasks assigned to these territories, in the manner prescribed by the relevant legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Sakhalin Region.
3. Owners and users of land plots located within the boundaries of specially protected natural territories are obliged to ensure compliance with the regime established for these territories, as well as to protect animal and animal objects in these territories. flora listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and the Red Book of the Sakhalin Region.

SECTION V. Tasks and regime of specially protected natural territories of the Sakhalin Region

Article 10. Natural parks
1. Main task natural parks is an:
creation of conditions for the use of natural parks for environmental protection, scientific and educational purposes and for the organization of conditions for recreation, including tourism.
2. Natural parks are non-profit organizations.
3. Management of natural parks is carried out by the directorate. The director of the natural park is appointed by the governor of the Sakhalin region based on the results of a competition and is agreed with the territorial body of the federal executive body for protection environment.
4. The regime of protection and nature management on the territory of the natural park and its buffer zone is determined by the Regulation, which is approved by the Governor of the Sakhalin Region, in agreement with the specially authorized state body of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection and the relevant local authorities.
5. The protection of natural parks is provided by the park management and is carried out by employees special service parka.

Article 11. State nature reserves
1. State natural reserves of regional significance (hereinafter referred to as "reserves") - territories (water areas) that are of particular importance for the conservation or restoration of natural complexes or their components. The tasks of the reserves are: the preservation or restoration of natural complexes in their natural state, the preservation of individual components of the natural environment or natural resources.
2. Reserves may be legal entities and are under the jurisdiction of the body that created them.
3. On the territory of state nature reserves, any activity is permanently or temporarily prohibited or restricted if it contradicts the goals of creating a state nature reserve or causes harm to natural complexes and their components.
These types of activities can be:
a) allotment of land plots for all types of economic activity, development, collective gardens, etc.;
b) final felling and other types of forest felling, harvesting of nuts, berries, fruits, seeds, medicinal and technical raw materials and other types of secondary forest use;
c) construction of buildings, structures, roads, pipelines, power lines and other communications;
d) commercial, amateur hunting, collection of eggs, fishing, extraction of aquatic biological resources, other types of use of wildlife;
e) collection of zoological, botanical, mineral collections, as well as paleontological samples;
f) plowing of land, the use of pesticides, mineral fertilizers, plant protection products, growth stimulants and other chemical, as well as biological agents, damage and destruction of ground cover vegetation;
g) drive and pasture of cattle;
h) any type of pollution of the territory and water area (including industrial emissions and vehicle emissions), changes in the hydrological regime of water bodies included in the territory of the reserve;
i) prospecting, explosive and drilling operations;
j) travel, parking and washing of vehicles, ships and other watercraft;
k) arrangement of tourist sites and camps;
l) other types of economic activity.
4. Features of the regime of a particular state nature reserve, depending on its profile, as well as the significance of the reserve, are determined in the Regulation, which is approved by the administration of the Sakhalin Region (for reserves of regional significance), in agreement with the specially authorized state bodies of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection. environment.

Article 12
1. On-farm, hunting and forestry reserves are created by decisions of the administration of agricultural, forestry, hunting and fisheries enterprises, institutions and organizations on the lands assigned to them, are departmental specially protected natural territories prohibited for hunting. Their territories are important for conservation and reproduction certain types resources of flora and fauna, in which enterprises and organizations of local, hunting, fisheries and other nature users are interested.
2. On-farm, hunting and forest hunting preserves are formed in order to preserve and restore the resources of the animal and plant world, as well as to organize the rational use of these resources. They are formed without withdrawal of land and cannot be legal entities.
3. By decision of the administrations of agricultural, forestry, hunting and fisheries enterprises, institutions and organizations on the territory of on-farm, hunting and forestry reserves, hunting and other types of nature use are limited or completely prohibited.

Article 13. Monuments of nature
1. Natural monuments are intended for use for environmental, educational, scientific and cultural purposes, as well as for regulated tourism and other activities not prohibited by law, if this activity does not entail a violation of the conservation of natural monuments.
2. The Administration of the Sakhalin Region determines the legal or individual under whose protection the monument of nature is transferred.
3. The features of the regime and the significance of a particular natural monument are reflected in the passport issued by the specially authorized bodies of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection. On the proposal of the same authorities, the administration of the Sakhalin Region determines the enterprises, institutions, organizations under the protection of which the natural monument is transferred, as well as officials responsible for its protection and condition.
4. Compliance with the environmental regime of a natural monument is ensured by the owner, owner and user of its territory in accordance with the "Protection obligation".
5. Expenses of owners, owners and users of land plots who have assumed the "Protection obligation" are compensated at the expense of extra-budgetary and budget funds, funds of the regional off-budget environmental fund, as well as tax and other benefits.

Article 14. Dendrological parks and botanical gardens
1. Dendrological parks and botanical gardens are environmental institutions whose tasks include the creation of special collections of plants in order to preserve the diversity and enrichment of the flora, as well as the implementation of scientific, educational and educational activities. The territories of dendrological parks and botanical gardens are intended only to fulfill their direct tasks, while land are transferred for perpetual (permanent) use to dendrological parks, botanical gardens, as well as research or educational institutions which manage dendrological parks and botanical gardens.
2. Buildings, structures and premises on the balance sheet of dendrological parks and botanical gardens are not subject to privatization.
3. In the territories of dendrological parks and botanical gardens, any activity that is not related to the fulfillment of their tasks and entails a violation of the safety of floristic objects is prohibited.

Article 15
1. Protected territories of federal and regional significance may have protected zones of the status corresponding to these protected territories with a regulated nature management regime.
2. Protected zones or districts with a regulated regime of economic activity, created on other categories of land and water areas adjacent to specially protected territories in order to protect against adverse anthropogenic impacts, are specially protected natural areas and they are subject to all the rules governing relations on the protection and use of specially protected natural areas.
3. Protected zones are created by the administration of the Sakhalin Region on the proposal of the Directorate of Protected Areas, and in case of its absence - on the proposal of the authorities in charge of this protected area.

Article 16
1. The territory is recognized as a health-improving area or a resort of regional significance by the decision of the administration of the Sakhalin Region in agreement with the specially authorized state body of the Russian Federation in the field of healthcare.
2. The tasks, status and regime of medical and health-improving areas and resorts are determined in the manner established by federal and regional legislation.

Article 17. Reserve territories
1. Particularly valuable territories of the Sakhalin Oblast, which form the main natural resource potential and represent the heritage fund of future generations, secured by guarantees of its safety, can be classified as reserve territories of nature protection significance. Subsequently, the status of these territories can be changed with the assignment to them of the category of specially protected natural territories.
2. In the reserve territory, economic activity is limited in order to prevent irreversible changes in the natural environment.
3. Reserve territories are formed by decision of the administration of the Sakhalin Region. The order of their functioning, the mode of economic activity, protection, liability for violation of the regime, compensation for damage are determined by the Regulations on reserve territories approved by the administration of the Sakhalin Region.

SECTION VI. Grounds and procedure for canceling the status of a specially protected natural area of ​​the Sakhalin Region

Article 18. Grounds for cancellation of the status of a specially protected natural area
The status of specially protected natural areas may be canceled on the following grounds:
a) the expiration of the established period of validity of this territory, if its extension is recognized as inappropriate in connection with the fulfillment by the specially protected natural territory of the tasks assigned to it;
b) cessation of existence natural complex or a natural object as a specially protected natural area as a result of natural or anthropogenic impact.

Article 19. Procedure for canceling the status of a specially protected natural area
1. The status of a specially protected natural area of ​​regional significance is canceled by a resolution of the Governor of the Sakhalin Region on the proposal territorial authority federal executive body for environmental protection and in agreement with other specially authorized state bodies of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection.
2. The status of specially protected natural areas of local importance is canceled by a decree of the Governor of the Sakhalin Region upon the submission of local governments and agreement with the specially authorized state bodies of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection.
3. The liquidation of environmental institutions is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

SECTION VII. Responsibility for violation of the regime of specially protected natural areas of the Sakhalin Region

Article 20. Responsibility for violation of the regime of specially protected natural areas
Violation of this Law, the regime of specially protected natural areas or other rules for the protection and use of the natural environment and natural resources in specially protected natural areas entails liability, provided by law Russian Federation.

SECTION VIII. Final provisions

Article 21. Entry into force of this Law
This Law shall enter into force on the day of its official publication.

Governor of the Sakhalin Region I.P. Farkhutdinov
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. October 2, 2000. No. 214.

Newspaper "Gubernskiye Vedomosti", No. 197(1099), 10.10.00.

Parks of the Sakhalin Region: national parks, nature reserves, protected areas Sakhalin region, parks of culture and recreation, city parks, natural parks, history of parks.

• Tours for the New Year to Russia
• Hot tours to Russia

• The Sakhalin Region is a place of extraordinary beauty and natural diversity. This is the only region of Russia located on the islands. It includes the islands of Sakhalin, Moneron, Tyuleniy and the ridges Kuril Islands. The nature of the Sakhalin region differs significantly from the typical Russian nature familiar to us. Everything here seems to be bigger and greener, as if time had not touched this corner of the earth. The species diversity of plants and animals is also surprising, some of which are not found anywhere else on the planet. Therefore, it is quite natural that a number of national parks and nature reserves have been created in the Sakhalin Region in order to preserve the environment.

  Currently, there are two nature reserves, twelve nature reserves and several dozen natural monuments on the territory of the Sakhalin Region. Unlike reserves, in which only some natural objects or certain species of animals are protected, reserves are designed to preserve the integrity of the natural area. Therefore, any activity is prohibited in the reserves except for observation.

  The natural reserve "Kurilsky" has no analogues in the world. It was created to observe the natural course of natural processes typical of the Kuril Islands. Most of the territory of the reserve is occupied by forests inhabited by the rarest Red Book animals. The Kuril Reserve is rich in unique natural monuments: volcanoes, waterfalls, springs. And besides, the sites of the ancient man, ancient Japanese buildings and about sixty archaeological and ethnographic monuments were found here.

  State natural reserve "Small Kuriles" - structural element Reserve "Kuril" - occupies the island part of the Lesser Kuril Ridge and part of the Pacific Ocean. Until now, Russia and Japan are arguing among themselves on the issue of the true belonging of this territory to one state or another. Meanwhile, the natural uniqueness of the "Small Kuriles" is really stunning. No wonder this land, replete with bizarre rocky gorges, indented by hundreds of rivers and streams, was called the territory of God.

  The nature of the Sakhalin region differs significantly from the typical Russian nature familiar to us. Everything here seems to be bigger and greener, as if time had not touched this corner of the earth. The species diversity of plants and animals is also surprising, some of which are not found anywhere else on the planet.

  The Poronaisky Reserve covers southern part East Sakhalin Mountains and a section of the Tym-Poronai lowland. Here is the largest bird market on Sakhalin Island. The birds here are not afraid of people, as if they know that nothing threatens them in the reserve. Yes, and animals are not shy to take food from their hands. By the way, a few kilometers from the reserve, near the village of Vakhrusheva, there is the Nitui waterfall, amazing in its beauty. Experienced highly recommend to see it.

  Of particular value is Moneron Island, where the first Russian marine nature Park with the uncomplicated name "Moneron Island". The nature of the reserve is unique. Most of its territory is covered with so-called vine meadows, where grasses of great height are intertwined with a climbing vine of wild grapes. The height of vegetation in such areas sometimes reaches 2.5 m. rare birds and mammals on the island live subtropical mollusks, sea ​​urchins and sea stars.

  • Where to stay: in the capital of the region, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.
  • Where to go: the only area in the country, located on 59 islands, is interesting in its entirety. From the main island