Payment deadlines. How long is a banking day in Sberbank for legal entities

In the article, we will talk about how long money goes to the current account of Sberbank and other banks. We will find out what terms the law sets and in what cases the transfer may be delayed. We will talk about currency payments, as well as ruble transfers from the card and between settlement accounts of different banks.

How much is the transfer to the current account

For businesses, the speed of bank transfers is an extremely important parameter of banking services. How long the payment takes to process determines how long it takes for the goods to be shipped or work on the order to start.

In fact, it is almost impossible to unambiguously answer the question of how long it takes to send funds to (r / s). A lot depends on the nature of the transaction, the payer's and recipient's banks, etc. For example, within one credit institution, money usually arrives within a few seconds after sending a payment order, while a payment sent to another branch or bank can no longer be called instant.

The legislation establishes the obligation of the bank to credit funds no later than the day following the receipt of payment from another financial institution. The situation is similar with sending: the payment must be sent a maximum of the next day after the order is processed by the sending bank. But the process itself often involves many financial institutions, and as a result, the payment processing time is increased.

It usually does not specify how long the money is credited to the organization's current account. Usually, ruble transfers are credited to the beneficiary's account on the same or the next banking day, provided there are no errors in the documents. The maximum period can be up to 5 days, but such a long period under standard conditions is rare.

The situation with currency payments is much more complicated. On average, they arrive at the recipient within two days (working). But this time can significantly increase if there are errors in the documents accompanying the transaction, and it is not always possible to detect them at the initial stage of sending the transfer.

How long does the money go to the current account of Sberbank

Among business representatives, it is one of the largest credit institutions. Entrepreneurs and firms are ready to put up with some of the disadvantages of Sberbank services, because in return they receive increased reliability and reduced risks. But large transactions may depend on how quickly money comes to the Sberbank settlement account, and you need to take into account in advance that several situations are possible:

The ruble payment was sent from the same regional branch of Sberbank. If the operation is completed during the business day, then the recipient receives the money during the same day, and if sent in the evening, in the morning of the next business day.

Transfer in rubles sent from another regional branch of Sberbank or a third-party bank. It usually arrives early the next day. Only in some cases, when sending a payment in the morning, the recipient sees the money on the account in the afternoon.

Foreign currency payment sent. This case is the most difficult, as it largely depends on the sending bank. Sometimes even its employees cannot tell how much money goes to Sberbank in this case. However, this operation usually takes 2 working days and only in exceptional cases takes up to a week.

How much money goes from the current account to the current account of different banks

There are no standards regulating the speed of transferring money between accounts in different banks. In many ways, how long money goes from a current account to a current account depends on the specific credit institutions involved in the settlements. Ruble payments usually arrive within a few hours, maximum - in the morning of the next business day, and foreign currency - in 2 business days.

How long does it take for money to be credited to the card from the current account

A transfer to a card from a cash account may be needed in various situations, for example, when paying salaries to employees or withdrawing an entrepreneur's own funds. Within one bank, such operations usually take place within a few hours. Money sent in the morning is credited to the card by lunchtime. Only sometimes funds are credited on the next banking day.

Transfers between different banks take a little longer. In most cases, funds become available on the same day or at the latest the next day. But sometimes the operation can take up to 5 days due to the peculiarities of interaction between banks and payment processing by the processing center.

The bank is obliged to credit the funds received to the client's account no later than the day following the day the bank receives the relevant payment document, unless a shorter period is provided for by the bank account agreement.

The bank is obliged, by order of the client, to issue or transfer funds from the client's account no later than the day following the day the bank receives the relevant payment document, unless other terms are provided by law, banking rules issued in accordance with it or bank account agreement.

Commentary on Art. 849 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation

1. The term “day” used in the commented article should be understood as a banking or operational day (see Article 31 of the Banking Law), i.e. part of the bank's working hours when it carries out the relevant operations. The operating time is determined by the credit institution independently (Clause 1.3, Section I, Part III of the Regulations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation of March 26, 2007 N 302-P).

2. The commented article establishes a general rule on the period for crediting (writing off, transferring) funds to (from the account) - this period is two business days, including the day of receipt of the corresponding settlement document, provided that it arrived at the bank during business hours. If the settlement document was received after the expiration of the operating time, but within the working day of the bank, then it is accounted for the next day. In this case, the two-day period for making the relevant transaction starts from the next business day.

3. There are two exceptions in the legislation to the specified general rule on the term for making transactions on the account.

First, in accordance with Part 6 of Art. 46 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the order of the tax authority to transfer the tax is executed by the bank no later than one business day following the day it receives the specified order, if the tax is collected from ruble accounts, and no later than two business days if the tax is collected from foreign currency accounts. Thus, for debiting funds from the current currency account of a taxpayer - a legal entity or an individual entrepreneur, a three-day period is provided, including the day the collection order of the tax authority is received by the bank.

Secondly, in accordance with Part 5 of Art. 70 of the Law on Enforcement Proceedings, a bank or other credit organization servicing the debtor's accounts is required to fulfill the requirements contained in the executive document for the recovery of funds within three days from the date of receipt of the executive document from the recoverer or bailiff. Thus, the debiting of funds from the debtor's account is carried out within three days, including the day the bank receives the relevant executive document.

4. The beginning of the calculation of the period for performing transactions on a bank account is the moment the bank receives the so-called corresponding document. The latter should be defined in different ways: depending on the type of incoming transaction (settlement or cash), the form of cashless payments used and the method of transferring interbank information (“paper” or electronic media).

The beginning of the deadlines for crediting cash to the client’s account established by the commented article is the moment of submission to the bank: for legal entities - an announcement for a cash deposit, for individuals - a cash receipt order.

When making payments by payment orders on paper, the “corresponding settlement document” for crediting funds to the account of the recipient of funds should be understood as an extract from the correspondent account of the bank of the recipient of funds confirming the receipt of the transferred amount to the account of the bank of the recipient of the payment, and a copy of the payer's payment order that allows you to identify the recipient payment. When settling by electronic payment orders, “relevant” documents should be understood as different settlement documents, depending on whether a full-format settlement document or an abbreviated settlement document is used. Clause 2.18 of Regulations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation of March 12, 1998 N 20-P "On the rules for the exchange of electronic documents between the Bank of Russia, credit institutions (branches) and other clients of the Bank of Russia when making settlements through the settlement network of the Bank of Russia" establishes that when using the settlement document of an abbreviated format, the credit institution is obliged to credit the received funds to the client - the recipient of funds on the basis of (1) an extract from the correspondent account or an electronic reference and information document (ESID) confirming the crediting of funds to the account with the Bank of Russia, (2) an electronic payment document (EPD) an abbreviated format and (3) a settlement document on paper, drawn up in accordance with the requirements of Bank of Russia regulations. However, a bank account agreement between a credit institution and its client may provide for the right of the credit institution to credit incoming funds only on the basis of a correspondent account statement and an EPD in electronic form. When using a full-format EPD, a credit institution is obliged to credit the funds received for the client on the basis of (1) an extract from a correspondent account or ESID confirming the crediting of funds to an account with the Bank of Russia (2) a completed full-format EPD.

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Bulletin of the Bank of Russia. 2000. No. 22.

In case of settlements by letters of credit, the beginning of the term for the operation of crediting funds to the account of the payee (beneficiary) should be considered the moment of submission by him to the executing bank of the required package of documents corresponding to the terms of the letter of credit.

When making settlements with payment claims and collection orders, the "relevant" documents in the sense of the commented article should be considered a copy of the settlement document and an extract from the correspondent account of the recipient's bank confirming the receipt of the collected amount.

5. Shorter terms for crediting funds to the account may be provided in the contract with the client. Article 31 of the Law on Banks provides that other terms for crediting funds to the recipient's account (both shorter and longer) may be established by the bank account agreement and the payment document. In this respect, its wording is inconsistent with the norm of par. 1 commented article. Considering that the norms of civil law contained in other laws cannot contradict the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (clause 2, article 3 of the Civil Code), in practice the rule of para. 1 commented article. At the same time, the bank has the right to accept for execution a settlement document containing shorter periods than those provided for in the commented article. In this case, we should talk about the application of contractual terms for crediting money to the recipient's account, which does not contradict this article.

6. When settling with payment orders and letters of credit covered from the balance of the account, it becomes necessary to transfer funds. Not later than the day following the date of receipt of the relevant settlement document, the bank is obliged to start executing the client's order by: a) writing off funds from the account; b) sending settlement documents to another bank to complete the initiated operation. The term "relevant document" can also be defined depending on the form of non-cash payments and the method used to transfer information about settlement transactions.

For settlements by payment orders in hard copy and in electronic form, the “relevant document” should be understood as a payment order. When settling by letters of credit, such a document is called a "letter of credit".

Within the same timeframe, the client's instructions to withdraw funds from the account must be executed. Under the "relevant document" in this case, it should be understood: for legal entities - a cash receipt, for individuals - an account cash warrant.

The terms for transferring and issuing funds established by the commented article should be calculated from the date of submission of the above documents only if the client fulfills the following conditions:

1) the client's account balance is sufficient to execute the order;

2) the submitted settlement and cash documents are properly executed.

The terms for issuing and transferring money can be increased or decreased by law, banking rules, a bank account agreement, as well as a payment document (Article 31 of the Law on Banks).

7. In accordance with Art. 80 of the Law on the Bank of Russia, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation has the right to establish general terms for cashless payments. For example, when paying by payment orders, such a period should be considered the period of time calculated from the moment the money is debited from the payer's account until the moment it is credited to the recipient's account. According to the specified norm, the total period of cashless payments should not exceed two business days - within the subject of the Russian Federation, five business days - within the Russian Federation. The total period of non-cash payments includes the time of transactions on the account and the period of postal run.

In connection with the foregoing, there is a contradiction between the commented article and Art. 80 of the Law on the Bank of Russia, despite the fact that at first glance they set different deadlines. With a non-cash transfer of money, they necessarily go through several accounts. For example, through the payer's account, the correspondent account of the payer's bank, the correspondent account of the beneficiary's bank, and the beneficiary's account (four accounts). In accordance with the commented article, banks were given two business days to carry out transactions on each account. Thus, the money will pass through four accounts in eight days, which does not contradict the commented article, but contradicts Art. 80 of the Law on the Bank of Russia. The term for making transactions on the account is part of the total term for non-cash settlements. A part cannot be greater than the whole. Therefore, Art. 80 of the Law on the Bank of Russia contradicts the commented article. By virtue of Art. 3 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in the event of a conflict, the commented article should be applied.

In addition, Art. 80 of the Law on the Bank of Russia does not take into account the peculiarities of various forms of non-cash payments. Thus, settlements in the manner of collection and letter of credit provide for a number of actions of various banks that are not directly related to the transfer of funds. For example, when making settlements in the manner of collection, you must first send the relevant documents to the executing bank, submit them for acceptance (from 5 to 10 days) and only then transfer the collected amounts to the recipient of funds. For this reason, in paragraph 16 of the Review of the practice of resolving disputes related to the use of a letter of credit collection form of payment (information letter of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation dated January 15, 1999 N 39), it is indicated that when determining the total period of non-cash payments, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of collection operations.

When settling in the manner of a letter of credit, a letter of credit should be issued in the executing bank by sending it the relevant documents, within the validity period of the letter of credit (usually several weeks), receive the necessary documents from the beneficiary, check them, and then pay the money. It is obvious that all these actions are also objectively impossible to perform within the time limits established by Art. 80 of the Law on the Bank of Russia.

All credit institutions in Russia have individual hours for settlement and cash transactions. The banking day at Sberbank in 2018 for legal entities lasts as long as the electronic system is functioning. Throughout the day, employees of a financial institution accept and process documentation; at the end of the operating time, they form a daily balance sheet.

Features of the trading day

This concept refers to the part of the working time of a financial institution, when customers can make any transactions. At the same time, documentation submitted during office hours must be processed and executed on the same day.

Before remote service came into use of modern citizens, bank employees spent a lot of time working with documents, so the working day was always shorter than the operating one. For example, if the department is open until five o'clock in the evening, then the acceptance of papers was completed at four o'clock. Within half an hour, customers could make payments, but a commission fee was doubled.

What time are corporate clients served?

Over the past three years, the situation with the length of the trading day has changed dramatically, thanks to the introduction of such a service as . Now the processing of numerous papers takes a minimum of time and often takes place without the participation of employees of a financial institution.

In 2016, the Savings Bank made a statement that for legal entities and individual entrepreneurs using online banking, the operating time lasts from seven in the morning until eleven in the evening, without weekends and holidays. At the same time, when visiting a branch of a credit institution, service is carried out in a standard schedule, from nine in the morning until six in the evening.

What transactions are available

During the operating day in Sberbank for legal entities, in accordance with the agreement on cash settlement services, the following operations are performed:

• Acceptance and work with payment papers;
• Processing of cash documents;
• Opening and introduction of deposit or credit accounts;
• Control over the accounting documentation of clients.

The most popular services are deposit opening, money transfers and receiving information about the movement of funds in the account. Documentation received after business hours is processed the next day.

What operations are available at the end of the day

The procedure for accepting documents after working hours is individual for each department and is described in detail in the bank service agreement.

The division of the working day into operational and non-operating time allows you to correctly implement the transition between different reporting periods for legal entities.

Corporate clients of the bank can conduct transactions at any convenient time using remote services, with the exception of transactions related to the provision of documentation on paper. For example, if you want to receive a bank note on the payment. In this case, you will have to visit the office during business hours.

Speed ​​in modern conditions is the main advantage for business. Therefore, when making bank transfers, you need to take into account the timing of money transfers between banks. It is desirable that such a time interval be as short as possible.

Also, users, individuals who send funds from their accounts, want to minimize the time for this operation. After all, money is sometimes needed very urgently, for example, treatment is needed or other life situations that do not imply delay.

Transfers within the region

The fastest are transfers within one region. The approximate time of crediting to the account of another bank when sending through the cash desk is limited to the next settlement day. It depends on how the financial institution operates. All payments are grouped at the end of the day into one settlement document.

Money transfer

In the postoperative period, such documents are collected for sending at the head office.

Then they are automatically sent to the beneficiary's bank through the electronic payment system (EPS).

The amounts may be credited to the correspondent account of the beneficiary's bank late on the same day or at the beginning of the next business day. Then the operations are redistributed to specific branches of the recipient bank. This can also take some time, especially if the number of such operations is large enough.

Transfers outside the regions

A more frequent type of transfer is sending money to settlement accounts of other banks registered in another financial region. It takes a little longer to get through this financial information. The head office of the bank is involved here, in addition to regional divisions. Therefore, on average, the time for transferring money between banks in this case can reach up to two business days.

International transfers

When sending money abroad, from your foreign currency account to a foreign currency account in another country, it takes up to three days. This limit depends on the correspondent banks involved in the transaction. After all, the money is first debited from the balance of the sending client, then goes from the accounts of the sending bank to the correspondent accounts of German or American intermediaries, and only lastly from their balances is credited to the receiving bank and then goes to the user's balance.

International transfers

For all international transactions, currency control of such transfers is carried out at several stages.

Therefore, such an operation also delays some time.

Card transactions

Card transactions can be called faster. Write-offs from the balance and crediting by Visa or MaserCard systems are carried out between different banks from several minutes to several hours. But you need to know that if the transaction is carried out in different currencies, then the corrected exchange rate difference from the sender may be written off within two business days.

Source: Business Quarter magazine

Natalia Baranchikova

How long do payments take?

Valentina Korkina, Head of the Department of Interbank Settlements and Correspondent Relations, SKB-Bank:

Payments received before 16:00 will be shipped the same day. If the client provided documents in paper form, it will take some time to process them. Electronic payments are much faster. "Day to day" we carry out the transfer of funds to the client's account. In order for the counterparty to receive the money as quickly as possible, it is better to use the Bank-Client or Bi-Print electronic system and provide payment before 13:00. The bank sends funds "to the same day" regardless of the state of its own correspondent account: to ensure the speed of payments, a special agreement has been concluded with the Central Bank, under which SKB-bank can receive intraday loans. The speed depends not only on a particular credit institution. After the bank has sent an electronic payment, the funds go to the Information Processing Center of the Central Bank. After that, they are credited to the correspondent account of the recipient bank and are credited to the client's account. If correspondent relations are established between banks, then the payment is made directly, without the participation of the Central Bank, and this is much faster.

Andrey Antipov, Deputy Chairman of the Board of Metcombank:

On average, one payment from the moment it arrives at the bank to the final recipient takes two hours. The speed is affected by the territorial factor, as well as the way the recipient's bank accepts payments. When the recipient is a client of another bank, settlements are carried out "to the same day" if they are received before 15:00. When the recipient is our client, the payment will be made on the same day if the documents are received before 16:00. We process payments to the cities where our branches are located in less than an hour. The high speed of operations is guaranteed by remote banking systems.

Galina Sushkova, Head of OPERO, Jewels of the Urals Bank:

Payments are made "to the same day" if the documents were received on paper during the business day. If later, the funds will be transferred in the first half of the next. The speed of payment execution is increased by the "Bank-Client" system.

Evgeny Turutin, Director of the Business Development Department of Zoloto-Platina-Bank:

Payments are debited from the client's current account and sent from the correspondent account on the same date throughout the entire business day. Thanks to the system of electronic settlements between the divisions of the Bank of Russia, payments by commercial banks in Yekaterinburg are processed within 10-15 minutes. When sending money to Moscow, you need to take into account that there is a regular system for receiving and processing payment documents. Therefore, you need to expect funds to be credited to the recipient's account within 1-3 hours. We do not have special tariffs to speed up payments, but if the client wants to send funds individually, the bank is always ready to meet him halfway.

Natalya Minyailo, Head of the Client Service Department of the Commercial Bank "GRAND":

We have a standard for processing payment documents, this procedure takes 30 minutes. All payments that arrive at the bank before 16:00 are processed “to the same day”. If the client needs to make a payment at a later time, he can write a letter to the bank. If such an application is received before 17.30, the payment will go out on the same day. This service is paid extra.

Marina Galushina, head of the accounting and operational department of the UralSib bank branch in Yekaterinburg:

Terms of processing of payment documents are stipulated in the bank account agreement. Article 31 of the Federal Law “On Banks and Banking Activities” obliges the bank “to transfer the client’s funds and credit funds to his account no later than the next business day after receiving the relevant payment document.” Some use this wording to their advantage.

Ideally, if the bank makes transfers to customer accounts until the completion of settlements of cash registers, and payment of orders - until the maximum possible time. There is also an “individual approach”, when a client can conclude an agreement with a credit institution on special conditions.

Our bank can reduce the payment processing time to a minimum by a wide branch network, as well as open correspondent accounts in other credit institutions. It is important not only the number of accounts themselves, but also the balances that banks hold on them.

Natalya Kalinichenko, head of the settlement center of Bank24.ru:

In our bank, the cost of a transfer via the Internet-Bank system is 9 rubles. 90. kopecks for each document, regardless of the transfer amount, time and region where the payment is sent. All customer documents are processed automatically, without the participation of tellers, and are executed within 10-20 minutes. Our clients can use the free service "Informing clients about the movement of funds on the account" to control the time of sending payments and their receipt on the account.

Maria Plaksina, Head of Corporate Clients Department, Uralvneshtorgbank:

Banks make payments in the Ural region "to the same day". To other regions - depending on the time of submission of payment documents and destination. The speed also depends on the remote service system used by the client, and on the bank's mode of operation with payments.

At UVTB, crediting, servicing and debiting funds from the account are carried out automatically. All payments received by the bank before 4 p.m. in paper form and before 8 p.m. in electronic form - through remote banking channels, will be executed on the same day. Funds are immediately received by the client, bypassing transit accounts. Payments that come to the bank after 20:00 are made the next day. Such a schedule - due to the time difference - is convenient when working with Moscow. However, the procedure for settlements with the Moscow Region depends on the mode of operation of the territorial office of the Central Bank in Moscow. The Central Bank has determined only 5 flights during the day for all banks. We guarantee the execution of the payment to Moscow within 2-3 hours.