Flora of Chuvashia presentation. How beautiful this world is! Problem: What can we do to preserve and increase the rare plants and animals of the Chuvash Republic? Flora and fauna of the Chuvash Republic

The position of the republic at the junction of different vegetation zones, the heterogeneity of the relief determine the diversity of animals. Over 60 species of mammals, 44 species of fish, 16 species of amphibians and reptiles live on its territory. Here you can meet more than 260 species of birds, various invertebrates.

In general, the republic is characterized by a mixture of animals of the southern taiga and typical steppe forms. Human activity has had a significant impact on the fauna. Some animals spread to the republics as a result of artificial resettlement. At the same time, some species of fauna have been destroyed by man. For example, in the cultural layer of the X-XIV centuries. bones found reindeer. Back in 1917, they were in the neighboring Nizhny Novgorod region.

Rice.

Most representatives of the fauna of Chuvashia live in deciduous forests. There they find reliable shelters and are provided with stable food. The largest ungulates deciduous forests is an elk, whose weight reaches 400 kg. Per last years Due to the ban on shooting, the number of moose has increased significantly. Their number exceeds 1000 heads. In the republic, they live mainly in the prisura forests. There is also a noticeable increase in the number of wild boars. Moles, hedgehogs, foxes, shrews live in the forests, bat, badger, raccoon dog, lynx, marten, ermine, weasel, squirrel, white hare, mouse, chipmunk. especially rich deciduous forests birds. There are black grouse, hazel grouse, capercaillie, woodcock, jay, magpie, cuckoo, swift, woodpecker, warbler, warbler, blackbird, owl, sparrowhawk.

AT coniferous forests animal world poorer. They are inhabited by squirrels, hare, chipmunk, mink, otter, marten, lynx. There are few birds in coniferous forests. Most often there are bullfinch, woodpecker, jay, chaffinch, crossbill, owl, eagle owl, owl, black grouse, capercaillie, black stork, which is included in the Red Book. In clear sunny days on trunks fallen trees, on the stumps you can meet lizards and snakes. Mostly there are copperfish. the only poisonous snake- viper.

In the steppe areas, the animal world is noticeably poorer. There are a fox, a hare, a light polecat, a hamster. Speckled ground squirrel, jerboa, ground marmot, lark, quail, gray partridge, lapwing, kite live in the southern regions of the republic, eagles and falcons are less common.

There are noticeably more animals near water bodies. In the reservoirs themselves there is a variety of fish - pike, perch, bream, crucian carp, tench, silver bream, carp, ide, roach, crucian carp, ruff, gudgeon. Stocks of the most valuable fish - sterlet, bream, pike perch, unfortunately, began to decrease.

Along the small rivers and forested channels of the Volga and Sura, there are otters, minks, and the North American musky rat, the muskrat, which has acclimatized in our country. In the floodplain of the Sura dwells the most ancient mammal, found on the territory of Chuvashia - Russian muskrat, which is listed in the Red Book.

As game animals in Chuvashia, one can name an elk, a wild boar, a beaver, a fox, a hare and a squirrel. They also hunt birds.

In the process economic activity man greatly changes the natural vegetation and fauna. The expansion of arable land leads to the replacement of natural vegetation by agricultural crops. Simultaneously with the vegetation cover, the animal world is changing: species composition and number of animals. Clearcutting of forests, plowing of meadows and land reclamation, construction of roads and industrial facilities have changed ecological situation in Chuvashia. Certain species of animals and plants are under threat complete disappearance. All this forces us to take measures to conserve and restore resources. organic world. AT special attention and the protection of species of plants and animals listed in the Red Book. Not only certain types, but also entire communities of plants and animals are protected in special places. There are the Prisursky nature reserve, the Chgvash vgrmane national park, the Zavolzhye natural park, 6 state nature reserves, 7 state hunting reserves, and more than 100 natural monuments in the republic. A very strong human impact on natural complexes required the establishment of specially protected areas. At present, 91

Conclusion on chapter I

Having considered the first chapter of this work, we can draw the following conclusion.

Chuvash Republic located in the east of the East European Plain, mainly on the right bank of the Volga, between its tributaries Sviyaga and Sura. Geographically, the region is located between 54° 38" and 56° 20" north latitude and 46° and 48° 27" east longitude.

The area of ​​the republic is small - 18.3 thousand sq. km. The form of the republic is an oak leaf or a guitar, as it has the narrowest section in the middle part. There are practically no pronounced natural boundaries, only in the west of the republic the border with Nizhny Novgorod region runs along the river Sura.

The capital of Chuvashia Cheboksary is located approximately at the same latitude (56°08? N) as Vladimir, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Yoshkar-Ola. On its meridian (47°15?) c. d. located

The Republic is located in the temperate continental climate zone, characterized by large temperature fluctuations between cold and warm months. But despite this, climatic conditions allow cultivation and high yields of most temperate crops.

There are no large mineral deposits on the territory of the republic. However, the bowels of Chuvashia are rich in raw materials for the production building materials. The reserves of sedimentary Cretaceous deposits have highest value for the economic complex of the republic.

Favorable economy - geographical position provides the Republic with reliable development of close ties with economic and cultural centers Russia - Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ulyanovsk, Kazan, remote no more than 700 km.

Chuvashia amazes any tourist who first visited this region. Indigenous people are not surprised by anything, but do their best to preserve and increase natural resources. We will learn about dense forests, endless rivers and mysterious lakes, as well as prominent representatives local flora and fauna.

Main statistics

The Chuvash lands are spread along the right bank of the Volga, washed by its tributaries - the Sviyaga and the Sura. The most high point Republic - 286.6 meters above sea level. The nature of Chuvashia is one of the main riches of the republic, located in the very heart of Russia, on the East European Plain.

On the border with Tataria, in the river valleys (Sura, Bolshoi and Maly Tsivil) there are chernozem soils, especially valuable for agriculture, in the rest of the republic podzolic soils predominate. The bowels are not as rich as the locals would like, but there are deposits of phosphorites, oil shale and peat.

Land of rivers and lakes

On the territory of Chuvashia today there are more than 2350 rivers and streams, and all of them flow into the Volga or its tributaries. Interestingly, 9 out of 10 rivers are very short - less than 10 kilometers, from total water sources, the length of only two water streams exceeds 500 kilometers.

The most beautiful nature Chuvashia, of course, in the Volga valley, there are favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants and animals. The Volga crosses almost the entire territory of the republic, is the main source of drinking water, used in irrigation. It is built on it, which provides energy not only to Cheboksary, but also to other regions.

The Sura River is the main "supplier" clean water for Alatyr and Shumerl, plays an important role in the transport system of Chuvashia. The basin of the Bolshoy Tsivil River covers a quarter of the territory of the republic, and also plays an important role in industry and agriculture.

The edge of forests, meadows or steppes?

Unfortunately, over the past centuries, the nature of Chuvashia has undergone significant changes. Previously, almost all lands were covered with forests, but as a result of human development and, first of all, deforestation, today only a third of the region is occupied by forests.

Cultivated lands are given over to the management of agricultural workers, they are used as land - fields and meadows. Also on the territory of the autonomous republic there are steppes, they are especially beautiful in spring, when there is enough water, heat and light. By the middle of summer, the steppe expanses look less attractive.

Mysterious realm of flora

Chuvash forests are predominantly deciduous. They are dominated by birch, oak, maple, linden, ash. Within the territory of forest areas grows a large number of shrubs - wild rose, viburnum. Of the smaller ones - blueberries, lingonberries, and other wild berry crops.

Steppe plants of Chuvashia are a special pride local residents. Firstly, the flora of the steppes is striking in its richness of species and colors. Secondly, it is actively used in agriculture, in official and folk medicine. The most widespread was feather grass. Quite often you can find other herbs, for example, fescue, bluegrass. Sage grows everywhere, which is especially loved by homegrown healers.

Since a huge number of rivers flow on the territory and there are lakes, then, accordingly, aquatic plants are also found. Tourists can see the white water lily and its simpler, more modest relative, the yellow water lily.

On the swampy banks of forest streams, reeds and similar representatives of the flora grow - sedge and cattail. There are not very attractive outwardly, but having beautiful names- foxtail and arrowhead.

Kingdom of Chuvash predators and herbivores

The fauna of Chuvashia is rich and varied, in the forests you can meet predatory animals - a wolf, a badger, a fox, a bear. There are also fur-bearing animals: ermine, marten, weasel, mink, arctic fox. Some of the animals are listed in the Red Book and are under the threat of extinction. Among them are the brown bear and the European deer.

On the contrary, there are too many other mammals, so you can come to Chuvashia to hunt. Squirrel, hare, elk, fox, wild boar and other animals are hunted. The same can be said about aquatic animals: the brown trout has disappeared, the beluga, sturgeon, sterlet and other valuable species are on the verge of extinction. You can catch pike, pike perch, burbot, ide, bream, crucian carp, sometimes you fall for the bait and "guests" - silver carp, grass carp and sprat.

Of the 275 species of avifauna representatives, 74 species can be seen extremely rarely, but the following species of birds are popular: lark, cuckoo, nuthatch, sparrow, titmouse. There are predators (falcon, hawk). Prey objects - black grouse, partridge, hazel grouse.

Reserves of the Republic

At present, the nature of Chuvashia is under close attention of ecologists, state and public organizations. Created on the territory of the Republic special territories where flora and fauna are protected.

The most important are Chavash Varmane, the Prisursky National Park, which has the status state reserve. There is a natural park "Zavolzhye", several reserves and natural monuments.

1. Remember what the concept means
natural areas. What factors influence the distribution of natural areas?
2. Determine from the map which natural areas located in the Chuvash Republic. Name the type of vegetation and typical animals corresponding to each of these zones.
3. How does flora and fauna influence nature and human life?

Plants and animals are essential components of nature. They define general form territory, its appearance, affect other components and play an important role in human life. Plants and animals do not exist on earth in isolation, but in the form of regular combinations of natural components characteristic of a certain geographical area. The composition of plants and animals is determined by the ratio of heat and moisture in different periods of the year. Therefore, we see a significant diversity of plant and animal communities on the territory of our republic.

Before the settlement of the territory, our region was almost completely covered, only in the southeastern and southwestern parts of the republic there were steppe areas. Subsequently, the main forests were cut down, and at present many areas in the Ibresinsky, Poretsky, Shumerlinsky districts are covered with secondary birch and aspen forests. The development of forests in Chuvashia is facilitated by satisfactory climatic, soil and hydrogeological conditions. Therefore, here the forests are more widespread than on the monotonous plains.

Currently, forests have been preserved in less than one third of the republic and are unevenly distributed. In some areas (Shumerlinsky, Ibresinsky, Alatyrsky), forests occupy more than 50% of the territory, and in Yalchiksky, Alikovsky, Urmarsky and Tsivilsky regions - only 4-9%. The forests of the republic are presented coniferous and deciduous tree species.

Coniferous forests occupy 32.1% of total area forests of the republic. They are pine and spruce.

They are located in the Trans-Volga region, the Surye region and in the southern part of the republic. In these forests, in addition to pines, there are birch and aspen; rose hips, viburnum and other shrubs grow in the undergrowth, among which there are many berries. The grass cover is diverse, in some places there are lingonberries, blueberries, and oxalis. Ferns, mosses and lichens grow. From conifers Siberian larch and cedar are also cultivated in Chuvashia.

spruce forests with an admixture of linden and birch grow in the Vurnarsky, Ibresinsky districts, in the northeastern part of the Poretsky district and in the Trans-Volga region. Spruce is a shade-tolerant breed and forms a natural community with green mosses.

Broad-leaved species are represented by linden, maple, elm, ash and other trees. Oak forests are located in separate isolated islands along the right bank of the Volga. The largest massifs are located in the Mariinsko-Posadsky, Cheboksary, Yadrinsky, Krasnochetaysky and Shumerlinsky districts. Modern oak forests of Chuvashia are represented by middle-aged (60.9%) and young (28.3%) stands. Oak has a very durable wood with beautiful pattern in a cut. Since the settlement of the territory, it has been cut down for various economic needs. Therefore, the remaining oak forests of Chuvashia are classified as especially valuable forests. Linden, maple, elm grow as an admixture in oak groves. Less common are ash, apple forest, mountain ash. And black alder grows in damp places. Shrubs in them are represented by hazel, euonymus, viburnum. In the Surye, in oak forests, larch, cedar and even Amur velvet are cultivated. In Yantikovsky, Mariinsko-Posadsky, Cheboksary regions, larch and cedar are cultivated.

Over the past decades, there has been a widespread drying of oak tops. The reason for this phenomenon has not been fully elucidated, the most probable is atmospheric pollution. After cutting and forest fires the forest is renewed for the most part birch and aspen, less often - linden and pine.

In almost the entire northern and central right-bank part of the republic, forests have been cleared and land has been converted into agricultural land. Forest cover here ranges from 4 to 14%. Oak forests and linden forests (in the south of the Volga region) have survived only in separate isolated areas. Therefore, this region can be characterized as oak-forest-steppe. Forests need special protection, reconstruction and restoration. Pine and oak are planted mainly. In addition, protective afforestation occupies a significant place in the republic, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich in Chuvashia is more than 6000 hectares. On average in the republic, the annual growth of wood is 3.4 m3 per 1 ha of forest. The total increase is about 2 million m3.

Plays a huge role in human life. The most important species used for construction, chemical processing and other household needs are conifers, as well as oak and willow. More than 100 thousand tons of oak wood are spent annually on chemical processing alone, up to 2.5 thousand tons of willow bark, etc. Up to 2 thousand tons of resin are mined in coniferous forests. A lot of linden is cut down for the manufacture of handicrafts. In Chuvashia, more than 1000 m3 of moss is annually selected, which is used in construction as an insulating material.

Cowberries, cranberries, mountain ash, currants, cumin, wild rose, birch buds, lily of the valley, coltsfoot, plantain, chamomile, yarrow, horsetail and many other plants are used in medical, confectionery and alcoholic beverage industries. Procurement organizations of Chuvashia collect edible mushrooms: white, mushrooms, honey mushrooms, butter and others. Nuts are harvested from oilseeds by the residents of the republic.

Steppe vegetation has been preserved in the southeastern part of Chuvashia and in Zasurye. This includes mainly the territories of the Komsomolsk, Yalchik, Batyrevsk and Alatyr districts. Chernozem soils were formed under meadow steppes, which were plowed up earlier than others. Before turning into agricultural land, steppe cereals and herbs grew here. Abundant vegetation during the summer experienced a change of species from early spring to late autumn. Typical representatives of steppe vegetation are fescue, sage, bluegrass, feather grass.

Meadow vegetation covers the unplowed floodplains of the small rivers of Chuvashia. Floodplain meadows are used as hayfields and pastures. More than 1000 species of plants grow in the meadows, which are mainly included in the composition of cereals, legumes, and sedge plant groups.

Insignificant areas of the republic (0.5% of the entire territory) are occupied by marsh and aquatic vegetation. The coastal zone of most lakes is occupied by sedge, horsetail, arrowhead, chastuha, foxtail. Further grow cattails, reeds, reeds. Purely aquatic plants few, the most famous are yellow capsule, white water lily. In the Sura valley there is a very rare water chestnut (chilim), listed in the Red Book.

1. Analyze Vegetation Map Chuvash Republic, identify the most forested areas and the areas without forests.
2. Describe the vegetation in the vicinity of your area.
3. Determine from fig. 18 habitats of oak forests. In which administrative regions of the republic are the largest areas of oak forests observed?

In accordance with the soil and plant conditions, the animal world of Chuvashia was also formed. The position of the republic at the junction of different vegetation zones, the heterogeneity of the relief determine the diversity of animals. Over 60 species of mammals, 44 species of fish, 16 species of amphibians and reptiles live on its territory. Here you can meet more than 260 species of birds, various invertebrates.

In general, the republic is characterized by a mixture of animals from the southern taiga and typical steppe forms. Human activity has had a significant impact on the fauna. Some animals spread to the republics as a result of artificial resettlement. At the same time, some species of fauna have been destroyed by man. For example, in the cultural layer of the X-XIV centuries. bones of reindeer were found. Back in 1917, they were in the neighboring Nizhny Novgorod region.

Most representatives of the fauna of Chuvashia live in deciduous forests. There they find reliable shelters and are provided with stable food. The largest ungulate animal of deciduous forests is the elk, whose weight reaches 400 kg. In recent years, due to the ban on shooting, the number of moose has increased significantly. Their number exceeds 1000 heads. In the republic, they live mainly in the prisura forests. There is also a noticeable increase in the number of wild boars. Mole, hedgehog, fox, shrew, bat, badger, raccoon dog, lynx, marten, ermine, weasel, squirrel, white hare, mouse, chipmunk live in the forests. Deciduous forests are especially rich in birds. There are black grouse, hazel grouse, capercaillie, woodcock, jay, magpie, cuckoo, swift, woodpecker, warbler, warbler, blackbird, owl, sparrowhawk.

AT coniferous forests the animal world is poorer. They are inhabited by squirrels, hare, chipmunk, mink, otter, marten, lynx. There are few birds in coniferous forests. Most often there are bullfinch, woodpecker, jay, chaffinch, crossbill, owl, eagle owl, owl, black grouse, capercaillie, black stork, which is included in the Red Book. On clear sunny days, lizards and snakes can be found on the trunks of fallen trees, on stumps. Mostly there are copperfish. The only venomous snake is the viper.

On the steppe areas the animal world is noticeably poorer. There are a fox, a hare, a light polecat, a hamster. Speckled ground squirrel, jerboa, ground marmot, lark, quail, gray partridge, lapwing, kite live in the southern regions of the republic, eagles and falcons are less common.

There are noticeably more animals near water bodies. In the reservoirs themselves there is a variety of fish - pike, perch, bream, crucian carp, tench, silver bream, carp, ide, roach, crucian carp, ruff,. Stocks of the most valuable fish - sterlet, bream, pike perch, unfortunately, began to decrease.

Along the small rivers and forested channels of the Volga and Sura, there are otters, minks, and the North American musky rat, the muskrat, which has acclimatized in our country. The floodplain of the Sura is inhabited by the oldest mammal found in the territory of Chuvashia - the Russian muskrat, which is listed in the Red Book.

As game animals in Chuvashia, one can name an elk, a wild boar, a beaver, a fox, a hare and a squirrel. They also hunt birds.

In the process of economic activity, a person greatly changes the natural vegetation and fauna. The expansion of arable land leads to the replacement of natural vegetation by agricultural crops. Simultaneously with the vegetation cover, the animal world is changing: the species composition and number of animals. Clear cutting of forests, plowing of meadows and land reclamation, construction of roads and industrial facilities have changed the ecological situation in Chuvashia. Some species of animals and plants are under the threat of complete extinction. All this makes it necessary to take measures to conservation and restoration of the resources of the organic world. Species of plants and animals listed in the Red Book need special attention and protection. Not only individual species, but also entire communities of plants and animals are protected in special places. There are "Prisursky" nature reserve, "Chăvash vărmanĕ" national park, "Zavolzhye" natural park, 6 state nature reserves, 7 state hunting reserves, there are more than 100 natural monuments in the republic.

1. Show on the map the southern border of the taiga, describe its flora and fauna.
2. Does it appear in Chuvashia latitudinal zonality vegetation? Explain where and why it is violated?
3. Compare flora and fauna deciduous forests and steppes of Chuvashia.
4. What is the importance of the forest for the economy of Chuvashia?
5. Name the hunting and commercial resources of Chuvashia.
6. * What impact did human activity have on the flora and fauna of Chuvashia? Give examples specific to your area.
7. * Explain why, in order to save endangered species, animals and plants must be protected in protected areas nature in general.

In 1798, in Chuvashia, forests occupied 49% of the total land area, in 1998 this figure was 31.2%.

Pine is the most common species in Chuvashia. It is photophilous and grows mainly on the sands, but is also found on wetlands. Currently, pine trees are being planted in cleared areas and in unforested areas.

In the past, oak was used to build ships. A tree aged 400 years was suitable for this. Therefore, by decree of Peter I, protected oak groves were allocated in the Volga forests, later they were called ship groves.

In total, there are about 570 thousand hectares of forest in the republic. Young growth occupies more than 45% of the total area, a quarter of the area - middle-aged trees, ripe and maturing species about 23%. Only 8% of the area is overmature trees.

The low-value gudgeon common in our rivers is interesting because it is very sensitive to water pollution. It is considered an indicator of water pollution. If there is a gudgeon in the river, it is completely clean.

On the right bank of the Volga, in the delta of the Sura and Sviyaga, there is a picturesque region - Chuvashia. Just imagine, on the territory of 18300 km2 there are 2356 rivers and streams. In addition, there are about 600 floodplain, 154 caste and interdune lakes. This aquatic diversity, combined with the temperate continental climate, provides a favorable habitat for a variety of plants and animals. The nature of Chuvashia is unique in its kind and is famous for its endless expanses. Only a third of the region is inhabited by forests. The abundance of beautiful corners and health resorts make Chuvashia attractive in the eyes of numerous tourists.

Climate of Chuvashia

As mentioned above, Chuvashia is located in, with pronounced 4 seasons. average temperature in summer it fluctuates around + 200C, in winter the thermometer mark rarely drops below - 130C. Such a gentle environment, combined with mineral springs, clean air and species diversity and has long attracted people who want to significantly improve their health and enjoy the beauties.

Vegetable world

The flora of Chuvashia has undergone significant changes as a result of the global flora, which previously covered almost the entire territory of the region. Now they occupy only 33%, the rest is reserved for agricultural land. Despite the global nature of the situation, the flora of Chuvashia pleases the eye and excites the imagination with a variety of colors.

The remaining forests are dominated by deciduous trees such as oak, birch, linden, maple, ash. From conifers - larch and cedar. Wild rose, viburnum, oxalis, blueberries and other shrubs have adapted to the undergrowth. There are many mushrooms in the forests, which are harvested on an industrial scale.

Chuvashia seem to be made for herbs! There are an incredible number of them here! However, more often than others, you can meet feather grass, thickets of sage, bluegrass and fescue. It is impossible to ignore the plants living in and near numerous reservoirs. The most beautiful inhabitants are the yellow egg-pod and the white water lily. Reeds, cattails, horsetails, sedges, foxtails and arrowheads cannot be called unattractive, their value is simply inversely proportional to their numbers.

Animal world

The fauna of Chuvashia has changed significantly under the influence of the same anthropogenic factor. Some species were completely destroyed, others were artificially populated. And, nevertheless, nature prevailed with its versatility. Let's start from the heights and smoothly dive into the aquatic environment.

Kites, hawks and swifts soar in the sky. Magpies, cuckoos, jays and owls nest on tree branches. A variety of small birds settle in - partridges, quails, larks. However, hunters are attracted more by black grouse, hazel grouse, capercaillie and woodcock.

The forests are inhabited by wolves, foxes, hares, badgers, martens. The creation of nature reserves and a ban on hunting allowed to increase the population brown bears, lynxes, wild boars and moose.

Hedgehogs, jerboas, ground squirrels, marmots, moles, hamsters, and other small rodents live on the steppe plains.

Beavers, muskrats, otters and are found in reservoirs. The abundance of fish attracts ducks, herons, gulls and swallows.

respect for wild nature- the feasible contribution of each of its revival.

“One person leaves a trail, a hundred leaves a path, a thousand leaves a desert” folk wisdom In 1948 was formed international union nature conservation and natural resources- Survival Service Commission. In 1963, a register of rare and endangered animals was first identified. Peter Scott, head of the special public commission on rare species recommended calling the book Red - an alarm. The Red Book of the Chuvash Republic consists of 2 volumes: 1 - plants and animals, 2 - unique natural objects and natural heritage peoples of the Chuvash Republic.

There are currently 99 specially protected natural areas in the Chuvash Republic. There are 3 specially protected natural areas federal significance: State nature reserve"Prisursky". Chavash Varmane National Park Natural Park"Zavolzhye". Protected areas of the Czech Republic

Desman Body length up to 22 cm, tail up to 20 cm, weight g. Leads a semi-aquatic life. It feeds on insects, leeches, molluscs, and occasionally fish. Fur is very valuable. In Chuvashia, he lives within the Alatyr, Poretsk and Shumerlinsk regions. endangered species

Reserve "Zavolzhye" natural park 1358 species of animals live. Of these, 55 species of animals are rare: brown bear, wild boar, lynx, ermine, European mink, marten, forest dormouse, chipmunk, flying squirrel. In the reservoirs of the park, many of which are declared natural monuments, there are about 40 species of fish, and some of them, such as grayling, carp, brook trout, need protection. Rich and varied species composition flora Zavolzhye.

Small pod Larkspur high In the Chuvash Republic, it is rare in the floodplains of the rivers Tsivil, Anish, Vyla. In the Chuvash Republic, it was noted during the examination of lakes and other reservoirs in the Krasnochetaisky district. Small-fruited cranberry On the territory of Chuvashia, it is found occasionally in the Trans-Volga region

Lily saranka In the Chuvash Republic, it was noted in Kozlovsky, Yalchiksky and Shemurshinsky districts. Protected in the reserve and national park"Chavash varmane". Lady's slipper In the Chuvash Republic, it is found in the Poretsky, Alatyrsky, Cheboksary and Marposadsky regions. Protected on lakes Big and Small Lebedinoye (Zavolzhye park) White water lily

Pure white water lily In the Chuvash Republic, it grows in the lakes of the Sura and Volga rivers, in the Cheboksary reservoir, Zavolzhye. European swimsuit Protected in the Alatyrsky section of the Prisursky nature reserve, the Chavash Varmane national park, and the Zavolzhye park.

State nature reserve Shomikovskaya colony of gray herons. large bird, weighs 1.5 kg. Wide above the eye black line, on the head there is a small crest of black feathers, along the ventral side of the neck from the throat to the goiter three rows of longitudinal black spots stretch. Legs are greenish-yellow. nest on tall trees. The only colony of herons is located near the village of Shomikovo, Morgaushsky district.

Rules of conduct in nature 10 “DO NOT” Do not pollute nature Do not destroy nature Do not take too much from nature Do not destroy anthills Do not cut living trees and shrubs Do not make fires under trees Do not leave cans and plastic Do not pick flowers Do not destroy bird nests Do not take home baby animals

Did you know? -most longer duration life from herbaceous plants - up to 300 years - has lingonberries; - the most "universal" medicinal plants is St. John's wort; - the lowest calorie vegetable - cucumber; - the largest weed is giant hogweed (height 3.65 m, leaf length up to 91 cm). - the smallest flowering plant- duckweed;

*** Flowers disappear on the ground. This is more noticeable every year. less joy and beauty Leaves us every summer. We hardly understood the revelation of meadow flowers, Carelessly we trampled them And soullessly, ruthlessly tore them. In us, the insane “stop” was silent. It seemed to us that everything was not enough, everything was not enough, And then in the crush of the city We wearily dragged armfuls. And they did not see how from under the feet Silently, breathing barely, Doomedly looked cornflower, Hopelessly looked carnations.