Library script for the day of nature reserves and national parks. Extracurricular event “Reserved nature - reliable protection. Environmental problems of Russia and attempts to solve them

11.06.2019

An event dedicated to All-Russian day nature reserves and national parks

… You, man, loving nature,
Feel sorry for her sometimes.
On fun trips
Do not trample its fields!
And don't go to the bottom.
And remember the simple truth:
Don't burn it down
We are few - and she is alone!

Target:

show the importance of nature in our life;

draw students' attention to environmental issues;

contribute to the improvement and physical activation of children;

to join in the observance of healthy lifestyle.

Tasks:

contribute to the formation of interpersonal relations in the group, team building;

raise the level of ecological culture;

cultivate respect for nature;

to develop the cognitive interest of the children;

develop interest in sports and healthy lifestyles.

Game progress:

All students are divided into teams. Upon entering the classroom, each student chooses a square of any of the 4 colors offered. Depending on the chosen color, the student sits down at the table, on which there is a square of “his” color. Each team chooses a captain and comes up with a name for their team.

1 contest“Ecological dates and holidays”

Each team must name the date when they celebrate ecological holidays and activities:

World Day to Combat Desertification and Dehydration (17 June)

Reference

On the occasion of joint agreements WWF(World Foundation wildlife) with the Center for Wildlife Conservation, the so-called " Day of Reserves and National Parks". This event happened January 11th 1997, and since then the Day of Reserves and National Parks has been celebrated annually.

The date of the eleventh of January was determined for a reason! It was on this calendar day of 1916, in the then Tsarist Russia, that the first Russian reserve was opened under the name "Barguzinsky ».

Previously, in Russia, only lands (reserves) were protected for lordly and royal hunting. But the Barguzinsky Reserve, opened on January 11, 1916, had sovereign privileges. The purpose of this reserve is to protect and increase the population Barguzin sable, and other living creatures on Baikal.

In the near one thousand nine hundred and eighty-six,UNESCO assigned the Barguzinsky Reserve the status of a biosphere reserve, which allowed it to join the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (World Network of Biosphere Reserves). Now this reserve is an integral part of the world heritage and the so-called reserved necklace, consisting of such reserves as Baikal-Lensky, Baikalsky, Lake Baikal itself, as well as Zabaikalsky national park.

Our country has about a hundred nature reserves, the area of which exceeds thirty-three million hectares, which is comparable in terms of area to 1.58% of the entire territory of Russia. Also, our vast Motherland has thirty-five national parks, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is equal to seven million hectares. All of the above state-protected zones help to preserve about 80% of the wealth of our country in animal and vegetable terms.

Volga forest-steppe - state natural in , in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle . The reserve was established in 1989 to preserve the zonal northern type and forest complexes. The reserve includes 5 clusters (areas) located in the western part within the territory of and partially (security zone) in . The total area of the reserve is 8326 hectares. The reserve "Privolzhskaya forest-steppe" is a nature protection, research and environmental education institution federal significance aimed at preserving and studying the natural course natural processes and phenomena, genetic fund and , individual and communities and , typical and unique .

"Privolzhskaya forest-steppe" is the successor to the previously existing Penza region reserve. At the request and the Penza Society of Natural Science Lovers (POLE) headed by him, in 1919 the “Poperechenskaya Steppe” (with an area of 100 acres) was reserved - the third reserve in Russia (after Barguzinsky and Astrakhansky). In 1920, two more reserves were organized: “ Pinery"(300 ha) and" Sphagnum swamps "(100 ha) in the right bank of the Sura River near the city of Penza. These three reserves were taken over by the state in 1924 and the administration of the Penza state reserve Main Directorate of Science of the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR. In 1925, the Arbekovsky Forest-Steppe Plot (180 ha) and Belokamensky Park (47 ha) became part of the reserve. In 1927, the Zhigulevsky site (2300 ha) was included in the Penza Reserve, some more territories were reserved a little later. Samara region, and the reserve itself was renamed Sredne-Volzhsky, in 1937 - Kuibyshevsky. In 1929, the Kuncherovskaya steppe (300 ha; Penza region) was included in the reserve, and in 1930, the Kozyavka steppe site (1364 ha; Orenburg region) was included. The Kuibyshev Reserve existed until 1951 (like almost a hundred others, it was liquidated by decision of the Government of the RSFSR); most of the forest complexes protected by him have not been preserved. Later, in 1957, the protected regime of the Zhiguli section was restored ( ). The protected areas of the Penza region came under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of State Farms of the RSFSR, and only thanks to the efforts of scientists and nature lovers, in 1965 some of them (“Poperechenskaya steppe”, “Kuncherovskaya steppe” and “Belokamensky park”) received the status of natural monuments and survived from destruction . Subsequently, in 1989, the "Poperechenskaya steppe" and "Kuncherovskaya steppe" became part of the "Privolzhskaya forest-steppe" reserve.

More than , which is 55% species composition . Of the vascular plant species in need of protection, there are more than 70 species on the territory of the Privolzhskaya Forest-Steppe Reserve, including 9 species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (2008):feather grass (Stipa dasyphylla), feather grass (Stipa pennata), the most beautiful feather grass (Stipa pulcherrima), feather grass of Zalessky (Stipa zalesskii), Russian hazel grouse (Fritillaria ruthenica), iris leafless (Iris aphylla) leafless chin (Epipogium aphyllum) pollenhead red (Cephalanthera rubra), Neottiantha clobuche (Neottianthe cucullata) and 58 species are included in (2002).

"Kuncherovskaya forest-steppe"(1024 ha) is located on a high plateau and slopes of various exposures on the left bank of the Kadada River (on the border of Kameshkirsky, Kuznetsky and Neverkinsky districts near the village of St. Chirchim). Oak forests are characteristic pine forests(artificial plantations) and aspen and birch forests of secondary origin; steppe communities occupy one fifth of the territory and are mainly represented by associations of forb-turf-grass steppe with young undergrowth of Scots pine. Floristic wealth - 555 species of vascular plants.

"Ostrovtsov forest-steppe"(352 ha) is located on the right-bank part of the floodplain terrace of the Khoper River (in the Kolyshleysky district, near the village of Ostrovtsy). modern structure The vegetation cover is a complex of different types of vegetation with a predominance of forests of Tatar maple and bird cherry, thickets of mesophilic and xeromesophilic shrubs, as well as turf-grass-forb steppe associations, the area of which is annually decreasing due to the processes of bushing and foresting of the steppe. Floristic wealth - 542 species of vascular plants.

"Transverse steppe"(252 hectares) is located on the upland and slopes of the beams in the upper reaches of the Khoper River (on the border of the Kamensky and Penza regions, near the village of Poperechnoe). Sod-grass-forb steppe and forb-rhizomatous (terrestrial and thorn-free) associations predominate; thickets of steppe shrubs are characteristic. Floristic wealth - 475 species of vascular plants.

"Verkhnesursky forest area" (6334 ha) located on ancient river terraces in the upper reaches of the river (in the north-east , near with. Watch). Pine forests predominate (mainly grass-shrub, green moss and lichen; often artificial plantations) and secondary birch forests. Small areas are occupied by aspen, oak and alder forests, as well as lakes, transitional and bogs. Floristic wealth - 586 species of vascular plants.

"Pine forest on Kadade" or "Borok" (399 ha) is located on the left bank of the floodplain and above the floodplain terrace of the river (in the north of the Kameshkirsky district, near the village of Shatkino). Pine forests (of artificial origin) are characteristic, less often - oak forests and small-leaved forests that have arisen in their place. Large areas are occupied fens and alders. Floristic richness - 530 species of vascular plants

2 competition quiz "Who talks like" (tasks are printed out and lie on the tables of each team)

Task - remember how the following birds and animals “talk”:

bear…

roars

goat…

bleats

turkey…

cooing

Fox…

barks

sparrow…

tweets

pigeon…

cooing

crow…

croaks

capercaillie…

current

duck…

quacks

owl…

whoops

goose…

cackle;

crane…

kurlychet

bumblebee…

buzzing, buzzing

grasshopper…

chirp

horse…

neighs

pig…

grunts

deer…

croaks

elephant…

trumpets

mosquito…

squeaks with wings

– dove ... (cooing);

– capercaillie ... (current);

- duck ... (quacks);

- eagle owl ... (hoots);

- goose ... (cackles);

– crane ... (curls);

– sparrow ... (chirps);

– crow ... (croaks);

– turkey ... (cooling);

- fox ... (barks);

– bear ... (roars);

- a goat ... (bleats);

- horse ... (neighs);

– pig ... (grunts);

– deer ... (croaks);

- elephant ... (trumpets);

– mosquito ... (squeaks, wings);

– grasshopper ... (chirps);

– bumblebee ... (buzzing, buzzing);

– bee ... (buzzes, buzzes);

3 Zoo competition.
And this is the most fun part. Here, teams are invited to depict animals, birds, insects, while correctly conveying their habits and behavior.
Possible tasks:
Cranes flying south
Storks foraging
Duck with brood
Ants on the hunt

4 competition. Draw environmental signs

You all know that behavior on the roads is regulated by signs traffic. But there are also signs that should regulate our behavior in nature. Let's get to know them. Explain to me what the following signs mean.

And now each team must draw an environmental poster in the allotted time (5 minutes).

Don't pick flowers.

You can't destroy anthills.

You can not dig holes and disturb animals.

In the forest, in nature, it is forbidden to raise a shout and noise.

A little break (game)

Summer is a wonderful time
The kids are screaming... (Hooray!)
- We have rivers and forests
They give in the summer ... (miracles)
Who did the miracle
In summer, into a fairy tale ... (turned)?
Who made the whole world like this:
Voiced, joyful ... (colored)?
- The whole earth became a circle
Bright, colorful... (carpet).
- Where above the dome of heaven
It turns green luxuriantly ... (forest).
- Flowers are blooming all around
Unprecedented ... (beauty).
- Here, greeting the guys,
The bells are ringing).
How nice it is to run
On chamomile ... (meadows)!
- Like sunbeams
Golden ... (dandelions).
- To the world of goodness and beauty
Turn the world... (flowers)!

5 contest “Solve the crossword puzzle”

1 W

BUT

And

2To

BUT

FROM

BUT

And

5AND

BUT

And

10L

And

FROM

And

BUT

11 At

And

1. Territory where natural components are protected.

2. A book that contains rare and endangered animals, plants and fungi that need protection and protection?

3. What is the name of the Russian writer, a great lover of nature.

4. Science that considers the interactions of man and environment.

5. Name a large wading bird with long legs and long neck, a symbol of hope and good luck bird?

6. What tree is considered sacred in Russia, a symbol of Russia?

7. What tree is considered sacred in Chuvashia?
8. What fish endures the most severe frosts and spawns in December?

9. Name the animal that destroys pests, especially the larvae of the May beetle, which is of great benefit agriculture?

10. What conifer tree drops leaves for the winter?

11. What birds are depicted on the coat of arms of Novocheboksarsk?

Round 6 “Fold a proverb”

Each team is given envelopes with cut cards on which proverbs are written. Participants need to correctly collect proverb cards in the allotted time.

Life is given for good deeds.
A good deed praises itself.

Nightingale is not needed golden cage, but he needs an earth branch.
They cut down the bushes - goodbye birds.

I saw a starling - spring is at the porch.
Spark the carcass before the fire, take the trouble before the impact.

Groves and forests - native land beauty.
The fate of nature is the fate of the Motherland.

7th competition "Through the mouth of a baby".

Children's statements about waste are read out. The task of the teams is to try to understand what the children meant.

I have a lot of toys made from it.

It comes in many colors and is very difficult to break.
Items made of it weigh little.
When ignited, it smells bad and there is a lot of black smoke
It does not decompose by itself in nature.

(Plastic).

2. It was invented by the Chinese.

We get it from wood.

It burns easily.

It produces a lot of garbage.

They usually draw and write on it.

(Paper).

3. It is made from sand.

Most often it is transparent.

When it falls, it breaks.

If it is heated, it becomes viscous.

Abandoned in the forest, it can become a source of fire.

(Glass).

4 This is something without which a person can no longer live.

This is what we use every day.

When it hits the water, it creates a lot of foam.

It kills fish in the water, plants on the ground.

This makes everything cleaner.

(SMS, washing powder).

To protect and protect the planet Earth, it is not necessary to be poor or rich, tall or short, a scientist or a simple worker, an adult or a child. You just need to listen to the voice of your heart. The future well-being and prosperity of our planet Earth is in your hands dear guys!

Summarizing. Winner's reward ceremony.

"Ecological Journey"

Event dedicated to the All-Russian day of reserves and national parks

... You, man, loving nature,
Feel sorry for her sometimes.
On fun trips
Do not trample its fields!
And don't go to the bottom.
And remember the simple truth:
Don't burn it down
We are few - and she is alone!

Target:

show the importance of nature in our life;
draw students' attention to environmental issues;
contribute to the improvement and physical activation of children;
to join in the observance of healthy lifestyle.

Tasks:

contribute to the formation of interpersonal relations in the group, team building;
raise the level of ecological culture;
cultivate respect for nature;
to develop the cognitive interest of the children;
develop interest in sports and healthy lifestyles.

Game progress:

1 contest “Ecological dates and holidays”

Each team must name the date when environmental holidays and events are celebrated:

International Earth Day (April 22)
Forest Workers Day (September 18)
International Day for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (16 September)
International Bird Day (April 1)
World Water Day ( water resources). (March 22)
World Day to Combat Desertification and Dehydration (17 June)
World Environment Day (5 June)
World Tourism Day (September 27)
World Animal Day (October 4).
Day of Reserves and National Parks- January 11
World Health Day- April 7
snowdrop day- April 19 -
International Homeless Animal Day August 16
World Pet Day November 30th

Reference

On the occasion of joint agreements WWF (World Wildlife Fund) with the Center for Wildlife Conservation, the so-called "Day of Reserves and National Parks". This event happened January 11th 1997, and since then the Day of Reserves and National Parks has been celebrated annually.

Previously, in Russia, only lands (reserves) were protected for lordly and royal hunting. But the Barguzinsky Reserve, opened on January 11, 1916, had sovereign privileges. The purpose of this reserve is to protect and increase the population of the Barguzin sable and other living creatures on Baikal.

In the near one thousand nine hundred and eighty-six, UNESCO assigned the Barguzinsky Reserve the status of a biosphere reserve, which allowed it to join the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (World Network of Biosphere Reserves). Now this reserve is an integral part of the world heritage and the so-called reserved necklace, consisting of such reserves as Baikal-Lensky, Baikal, Lake Baikal itself, as well as the Trans-Baikal National Park.

Volga forest-steppe- state naturalreserve in Penza region , in the forest-steppe zone of the MiddleVolga region Russia . The reserve was established in 1989 to preserve the zonalsteppes northern type and forest complexes. The reserve includes 5 clusters (areas) located in the western partVolga Upland within the territory of Penza region and partially (security zone) inUlyanovsk region . The total area of the reserve is 8326 hectares. The reserve "Privolzhskaya forest-steppe" is a conservation, research and environmental education institution of federal significance, with the aim of preserving and studying the natural course of natural processes and phenomena, the genetic fundvegetable and fauna , individual species and communities plants and animals , typical and uniqueecological systems .

"Privolzhskaya forest-steppe" is the successor to the reserve that previously existed in the Penza region. At the requestI. I. Sprygina and the Penza Society of Natural Science Lovers (POLE) headed by him, in 1919 the “Poperechenskaya Steppe” (with an area of 100 acres) was reserved - the third reserve in Russia (after Barguzinsky and Astrakhansky). In 1920, two more reserves were organized: Pine Forest (300 ha) and Sphagnum Bogs (100 ha) on the right bank of the Sura River near Penza. These three reserves in 1924 were taken for state maintenance and the administration of the Penza State Reserve of the Main Directorate of Science of the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR was organized. In 1925, the Arbekovsky Forest-Steppe Plot (180 ha) and Belokamensky Park (47 ha) became part of the reserve. In 1927, the Zhigulevsky site (2300 hectares) was included in the Penza Reserve, some other territories of the Samara Region were reserved a little later, and the reserve itself was renamed Sredne-Volzhsky, in 1937 - Kuibyshevsky. In 1929, the Kuncherovskaya steppe (300 ha; Penza region) was included in the reserve, and in 1930, the Kozyavka steppe site (1364 ha; Orenburg region) was included. The Kuibyshev Reserve existed until 1951 (like almost a hundred others, it was liquidated by decision of the Government of the RSFSR); most of the forest complexes protected by him have not been preserved. Later, in 1957, the protected regime of the Zhiguli section was restored (Zhiguli State Nature Reserve named after I. I. Sprygin ). The protected areas of the Penza region came under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of State Farms of the RSFSR, and only thanks to the efforts of scientists and nature lovers, in 1965 some of them (“Poperechenskaya steppe”, “Kuncherovskaya steppe” and “Belokamensky park”) received the status of natural monuments and survived from destruction . Subsequently, in 1989, the "Poperechenskaya steppe" and "Kuncherovskaya steppe" became part of the "Privolzhskaya forest-steppe" reserve.

More than860 species of vascular plants , which is 55% of the species compositionflora of the Penza region . Of the vascular plant species in need of protection, there are more than 70 species on the territory of the Privolzhskaya Forest-Steppe Reserve, including 9 species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (2008):feather grass(Stipa dasyphylla), feather grass (Stipa pennata), the most beautiful feather grass(Stipa pulcherrima), feather grass of Zalessky(Stipa zalesskii), Russian hazel grouse (Fritillaria ruthenica), leafless iris (Iris aphylla), leafless chin(Epipogium aphyllum) pollenhead red(Cephalanthera rubra), Neottiantha clobuche(Neottianthe cucullata) and 58 species are included inRed Book of the Penza Region (2002).

"Kuncherovskaya forest-steppe"(1024 ha) is located on a high plateau and slopes of various exposures on the left bank of the Kadada River (on the border of Kameshkirsky, Kuznetsky and Neverkinsky districts near the village of St. Chirchim). Oak forests, pine forests (artificial plantations) and aspen and birch forests of secondary origin are characteristic; steppe communities occupy one fifth of the territory and are mainly represented by associations of forb-turf-grass steppe with young undergrowth of Scots pine. Floristic wealth - 555 species of vascular plants.

"Ostrovtsov forest-steppe"(352 ha) is located on the right-bank part of the floodplain terrace of the Khoper River (in the Kolyshleysky district, near the village of Ostrovtsy). The modern structure of the vegetation cover is a complex of different variants of vegetation with a predominance of forests of Tatar maple and bird cherry, thickets of mesophilic and xeromesophilic shrubs, as well as turf-grass-forb steppe associations, the area of which is annually decreasing due to the processes of bushing and foresting of the steppe. Floristic wealth - 542 species of vascular plants.

"Transverse steppe"(252 hectares) is located on the upland and slopes of the beams in the upper reaches of the Khoper River (on the border of the Kamensky and Penza regions, near the village of Poperechnoe). Sod-grass-forb steppe and forb-rhizomatous (terrestrial and thorn-free) associations predominate; thickets of steppe shrubs are characteristic. Floristic wealth - 475 species of vascular plants.

"Verkhnesursky forest area"(6334 ha) located on ancient river terraces in the upper reaches of the riverSuras(in the north-eastKuznetsk region , near with. Watch). Pine forests predominate (mainly grass-shrub, green moss and lichen; often artificial plantations) and secondary birch forests. Small areas are occupied by aspen, oak and alder forests, as well as lakes, transitional and bogs. Floristic wealth - 586 species of vascular plants.

"Pine forest on Kadade"or "Borok" (399 ha) is located on the left bank of the floodplain and above the floodplain terrace of the riverKadadi (in the north of the Kameshkirsky district, near the village of Shatkino). Pine forests (of artificial origin) are characteristic, less often - oak forests and small-leaved forests that have arisen in their place. Significant areas are occupied by lowland swamps and alder forests. Floristic richness - 530 species of vascular plants

2 competition quiz "Who talks like" (tasks are printed out and lie on the tables of each team)

Task - remember how the following birds and animals “talk”:

bear…	roars
goat…	bleats
turkey…	cooing
Fox…	barks
sparrow…	tweets
pigeon…	cooing
crow…	croaks
capercaillie…	current
duck…	quacks
owl…	whoops
goose…	cackle;
crane…	kurlychet
bumblebee…	buzzing, buzzing
grasshopper…	chirp
horse…	neighs
pig…	grunts
deer…	croaks
elephant…	trumpets
mosquito…	squeaks with wings

- dove ... (cooing);

- capercaillie ... (current);

- duck ... (quacks);

- eagle owl ... (hoots);

- goose ... (cackles);

- crane ... (curls);

- sparrow ... (chirps);

- crow ... (croaks);

- turkey ... (cooling);

- fox ... (barks);

- bear ... (roars);

- a goat ... (bleats);

- horse ... (neighs);

- a pig ... (grunts);

- deer ... (croaks);

- elephant ... (trumpets);

- mosquito ... (squeaks, wings);

- grasshopper ... (chirps);

- a bumblebee ... (buzzes, buzzes);

- a bee ... (buzzes, buzzes);

3 Zoo competition.
And this is the most fun part. Here, teams are invited to depict animals, birds, insects, while correctly conveying their habits and behavior.
Possible tasks:
Cranes flying south
Storks foraging
Duck with brood
Ants on the hunt

4 competition. Draw environmental signs

You all know that behavior on the roads is regulated by traffic signs. But there are also signs that should regulate our behavior in nature. Let's get to know them. Explain to me what the following signs mean.

And now each team must draw an environmental poster in the allotted time (5 minutes).

Don't pick flowers.
You can't destroy anthills.
You can not dig holes and disturb animals.
In the forest, in nature, it is forbidden to raise a shout and noise.

A little break (game)

5 contest “Solve the crossword puzzle”

1 Z

2 K

3 P

4 e

5 F

9 B

6 B

7 D

8 N

10 L

1. Territory where natural components are protected.

2. A book that contains rare and endangered animals, plants and fungi that need protection and protection?

3. What is the name of the Russian writer, a great lover of nature.

4. Science, which considers the interaction between man and the environment.

5. Name a large wading bird with long legs and a long neck, a bird symbol of hope and good luck?

6. What tree is considered sacred in Russia, a symbol of Russia?

7. What tree is considered sacred in Chuvashia?
8. What fish endures the most severe frosts and spawns in December?

9. Name the animal that destroys pests, especially the larvae of the May beetle, which is of great benefit to agriculture?

10. Which coniferous tree sheds leaves for the winter?

11. What birds are depicted on the coat of arms of Novocheboksarsk?

Round 6 “Fold a proverb”

Each team is given envelopes with cut cards on which proverbs are written. Participants need to correctly collect proverb cards in the allotted time.

Life is given for good deeds.
A good deed praises itself.

The nightingale does not need a golden cage, but he needs an earthly branch.
They cut down the bushes - goodbye birds.

I saw a starling - spring is at the porch.
Spark the carcass before the fire, take the trouble before the impact.

Groves and forests - the beauty of the native land.
The fate of nature is the fate of the Motherland.

7th competition "Through the mouth of a baby".

Children's statements about waste are read out. The task of the teams is to try to understand what the children meant.

I have a lot of toys made from it.

It comes in many colors and is very difficult to break.
Items made of it weigh little.
When ignited, it smells bad and there is a lot of black smoke
It does not decompose by itself in nature.

(Plastic).

2. It was invented by the Chinese.

We get it from wood.
It burns easily.
It produces a lot of garbage.
They usually draw and write on it.

(Paper).

3. It is made from sand.

Most often it is transparent.
When it falls, it breaks.
If it is heated, it becomes viscous.
Abandoned in the forest, it can become a source of fire.

(Glass).

4 This is something without which a person can no longer live.

This is what we use every day.
When it hits the water, it creates a lot of foam.
It kills fish in the water, plants on the ground.
This makes everything cleaner.

(SMS, washing powder).

Summarizing. Winner's reward ceremony.

Library lesson "Pearl of nature - nature reserves"

Sokolovskaya Inna Vladislavovna - teacher - librarian, teacher of the OPK MBOU Tatsinskaya secondary school No. 3 Rostov region
Material Description: We have a journey through the most mysterious, most inaccessible and, perhaps, the most beautiful places our planet. We will visit very curious and far from always known to you even from a geography textbook territories that are commonly called nature reserves. You will feel the charm of all these places.
Library lesson for students in grades 6-8. You can use the material in the most various form. At the teacher's choice.
Target: Formation of general cultural competence of students through the perception of literature about nature.
Tasks:
1. Educational: to expand their understanding of books and magazines, by reading which children can learn about nature reserves, what these beautiful places look like, what role they play in human life. Deepen students' knowledge.
2. Developing: develop individual Creative skills students, figurative and logical thinking, imagination, the ability to think outside the box.
3. Educational: instill an interest in books and magazines. To acquaint students with the peculiarities of nature, its beauty, richness and uniqueness.
Equipment: Exhibition of books about nature reserves

Library lesson "Pearl of nature - nature reserves"

"The great book of nature is open to everyone, and in this great book so far ... only the first pages have been read"
DI. Pisarev

"Understand the living language of nature -
And you will say: the world is beautiful!
I.S. Nikitin

Today we will visit with you very curious and far from always known to you even from a geography textbook, territories that are commonly called reserves.
Today in Russia there are 110 reserves, world famous and those whose fame does not extend beyond their native land. Is it a lot or a little? At first glance, a lot. More than 100 nature reserves located from the shores of the Arctic to the arid lower reaches of the Volga, from the western borders of Russia to the expanses Far East. But on the other hand, the total area of reserves is slightly more than 1% of the country's territory.
The number of reserves in our country has either increased or decreased. Thus, in 1951, 88 of the then 128 nature reserves were liquidated, and their total area was reduced from 12.5 million hectares to 1.5 million in the next decade. Number of reserves in Soviet Union and the area occupied by them again increased - up to 5 million hectares, and then again part of this area was put into operation "for the needs of the national economy."
After the collapse of the USSR, the area of the reserves increased significantly. If in 1991 there were a little more than 20 of them, then at the beginning of the 21st century in Russia there are already more than 100 nature reserves covering an area of 33.7 million hectares. They also include reserves - giants, whose area is more than 1 million hectares: Bolshoi Arctic, Commander, Ust - Leninsky, Kronotsky, etc. Let's talk about some of them ...

Big Arctic reserve

Bears roam and arctic foxes,
Geese bawl - screamers.
All this lives in silence
In the distant Arctic.

This is the largest of all Russian reserves, its area is 4,167,222 hectares. By the way, the Great Arctic is also the largest nature reserve in Eurasia. It is not only the largest in our country, but also one of the youngest: it was created by a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation on May 11, 1993. The fact that Russia has it is very important, because the Arctic needs caring attitude. For many years, this part of the country was required only for minerals, which are rich in polar regions. Today it is a "strict natural reserve".
What are the tasks set for the reserve? First, the study of the natural course of natural processes and phenomena; secondly, the restoration of the local animal and plant world, largely preserved from the time ice age.
Unlike many other reserves, the Great Arctic does not have a common, closed territory; it consists of 35 separate sections, which include some islands and entire archipelagos adjacent to the Taimyr Peninsula and located in the water area Kara Sea, one of the seas of the Arctic Ocean. The territory of the reserve also includes part of the mainland land located on the Taimyr Peninsula. The contour that covers the territory of the reserve is further complicated by the fact that inside the protected areas there are those where it is allowed economic activity(including mining), as well as areas of weather stations, villages, etc. that once operated here. in a word, vast polar and very complex expanses.

The vast expanse of the tundra
And you can wander there for a long time.
Walk the hills in silence
And contemplate the whole world from the outside.
Walking on the tundra slowly
And the sun is shining down.
The polar day is around
And the light of all always amazes.
Here the hills lie in waves,
The patterns are weird.
Never unravel us
The riddle of the master - the creator.
Around flowers and beauty,
And the air is always fresh here.
Expanse to the winds and soul
In the expanses of the tundra, we are everywhere.
Igor Antipin

What is the nature of polar regions? O Far North many of you have heard, read, seen photographs in textbooks, in educational literature, but do not imagine what a polar night is, how something can grow at all where permafrost goes deep into the earth for tens and hundreds of meters? What do local animals eat and how many are there? The main thing: why is this "dead earth" needed? Let's try to understand these issues...
Most of the territory of the reserve belongs to the subzone arctic tundra, and the most northern sections(coast and islands) - to the zone of the Arctic deserts. You know that in addition to hot arid deserts Central Asia, Africa and Australia, where hot stone and loose sand reign, there is and arctic deserts. In summer, it is a plain bristling with high hummocks, gleaming with the smooth surfaces of countless lakes and swamps; as well as prickly talus of cracked stones. And in winter - endless snowy territory, which neither pass nor pass ...

Wandering through the tundra slowly
I look around with wide eyes.
And I note that it is growing
Who will run and where does he live.
Carpet bush around
Provides a quiet home for many.
And the saxifrages bloomed
Various colors from the heart.
And the hills of wondrous overflows
Sheltered a bizarre bay.
With the hut of the old fishermen,
From past, ancient peaceful dreams.
A rock is visible in the distance -
Loons always roar there.
Have endless conversations
And they glorify their market in full.
Wandering slowly is good -
Breathe cool, easy.
I walk slowly along the hills
And I'll take a look around.
Igor Antipin

Snow usually wraps the tundra with its "blanket" in late August - early September, and a stable snow cover forms by mid-September. It melts late (if at all), and the snowless period lasts only 100 to 60 days a year.

Deserted in the Arctic in winter
Around the snow lies a mountain,
The prickly winds roar -
Everything in its path will be swept away.
Snow is everywhere and everywhere.
He himself conjures in silence,
Creates various forms -
Whimsicality watches winter.
Clouds rush over the earth
Everything is covered with a veil.
Only a gloomy haze
She manages herself completely.
Winter is coming to the Arctic
And sets the tone of life.
She lives here for a long time -
He creates his holiday forever.
Igor Antipin

The vegetation in the Far North cannot be said to be rich, but not poor either. It is only very modest, not always striking even for an experienced traveler, and sometimes skillfully disguises itself as the color of stones and vast swamps.

Willow Arctic

Arctic red bearberry

polar poppy

Arctic bluegrass

The main inhabitants of the local tundra and deserts are grasses,

mosses and lichens; their list is about 300 items.

In late spring, when some of the polar plants are in bloom,

The tundra is extraordinarily beautiful, and a person sometimes forgets that he is located beyond the Arctic Circle, where frosts crackle in winter, reaching 60 degrees.
In the flora of the Great Arctic Reserve, 15 species of fungi have been identified; most of them are lamellar, but there are also white and boletus well-known to us.

Indeed, under conditions polar tundra, where the birches are represented by a dwarf subspecies, barely reaching a height of 10-15 cm, mushrooms that grew next to them - the giants would be more correctly called not boletus, but above-birch. Collecting them in the tundra is much easier than in a dense forest: many mushrooms are visible from a distance of tens of meters. That's just the collection of mushrooms, as well as fishing and hunting, are prohibited in the reserves ...
The reserve is inhabited by 124 species of birds, and at least 55 species nest in this area and breed chicks. The local climate does not prevent many mammals from living. Polar bears feel great, wild reindeer(on Taimyr there is the largest herd of these deer in the world);

White bears

wild reindeer

Arctic foxes, wolverines, stoats, lemmings.

arctic foxes

wolverine

ermine

lemmings

But the most exotic animal in these places can be considered a musk ox - a contemporary of the mammoth, woolly rhinoceros and cave bear.

muskox

woolly rhinoceros

cave bears

The distant ancestors of modern musk oxen lived more than 10 million years ago in the highlands of Central Asia. And about 3.5 million years ago, the climate became noticeably colder, they descended from the Himalayas and spread throughout Siberia and the whole northern Eurasia. Having crossed the land bridge between Asia and America that existed at that time (in its place is now the Bering Strait), the bulls spread across the North American continent.
In addition to land animals, there are also 4 marine species: walruses, beluga whales, seals and sea hares (lahatkas),

walruses

white whale

seal

sea hare(Lakhatka)

As well as 29 species of fish (both marine and river). Animal and vegetable world The polar regions are no different. But he is fascinating. After all, the inhabitants of these places have almost 300 days a year to prove their right to exist before the harsh nature.

Notebook Mystery
Why is Arctic nature much more vulnerable than southern nature? If in the Indian jungle a road cut by a man, an abandoned city are covered with lush vegetation for 5-7 years, so that you will not find a trace of them, then in the tundra everything is not so. The track of the caterpillar all-terrain vehicle left by the scouts of the bowels "lives" for decades. This one is especially visible from a helicopter flying low over the ground. The main destroyer is wind and frost, but they cannot quickly cope with this task without the “help” of a person ...
Three years ago, the Great Arctic Reserve became part of an even larger one - state association"Reserves of Taimyr"

"Nature can lead you to peace and tranquility. This is her gift to you. When you perceive nature and connect with it in this field of silence, then your awareness begins to permeate this field. This is your gift to nature."
Eckhart Tolle. "What Silence Says"

Galichya Mountain

The reserve Galichya Gora is located in the heart of European Russia, in the Lipetsk region, and is considered one of the smallest nature reserves in the world.
This is the headwaters of the Don River, famous in our history. The local places are interesting, first of all, with unique vegetation and no less unique fauna.
The first mention of these regions can be found in documents from the time of Ivan the Terrible, when a guard post was built in the Galichya Gora tract, which was part of the Muscovy border fortification system. Nothing else seemed to mark this area in the history of Russia, until in 1882 scientists from Moscow University discovered here the rarest plant species that were not at all characteristic of the Russian Plain, which until then were found only in the mountainous regions of the Caucasus, Altai and the Alps.

It was a sensation, but it did not come to the organization of the reserve then, although a real pilgrimage of botanists began to these parts. Galichya Gora became a reserve in 1925, when this rarest corner of nature was literally saved from destruction. At that time it was only - on the seventh reserve of the country in a row ...
Why is this reserve so interesting, consisting of six separate sections (Galichya Gora, Morozova Gora, Voronov Kamen, Vorgolskoye, Plushan, Bykova Sheya - what names), united by one scientific team and common tasks - to preserve what nature has given us ? There are bizarre rocks with caves, narrow cracks and funnels. All this is the result of limestone erosion by ground and rain waters, and many years of wind work. On these rocks life is in full swing, not at all similar to the life of the surrounding steppe regions. Scientists here have counted 650 species of plants, many of which you will not see even a few kilometers away. It is proved that these places are a small island ancient nature, which has been preserved since the last ice age. On one of the sites, on a narrow and steep slope, the famous “chrysanthemum clearing” stretched out, which one of the researchers of these places, S.V. Golitsyn called "as if by some miracle brought to us in Central Russia corner of the Altai mountain meadow with many Siberian plants... ". But apart from the plots mountain steppe there are dense oak forests here, where there is a world of animals and plants.
In 1990, a nursery for birds of prey listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation was opened in the reserve. These are golden eagles, eagles - gravediggers, falcons - cormorants, peregrine falcons and some other birds.

golden eagle

eagle - gravedigger

falcon - cormorant

All of them are under the threat of extinction, and on the territory of the reserve all conditions have been created for them - take out the chicks in complete safety.
Unlike many other reserves, it is quite easy to get here, but not alone, but as part of special excursions. There are many tourists here. They are carried out according to a special ecological path”, give an opportunity to visit the museum of the reserve and visit the enclosures with birds of prey. Some nature lovers even live in special summer camps and, under the guidance of scientists, take part in the study of plants, birds and animals. And there is something to study here: 974 species have been identified in a very small area of the reserve different plants, 838 species of mushrooms, 573 species of butterflies, 132 species of spiders, 749 species of wasps, bees and bumblebees are described. In addition, dozens of species of mammals live here (including elk and wild boar), clean rivers and streams are found numerous species fish, and along their shores - amphibians, reptiles and other living creatures, without which our planet would not be so interesting.

Notebook Mystery
The created reserves are a kind of “repentance” of people before nature. In search of food (or even just fun), man exterminated many animals and plants. In the last 300 years alone, 36 species of mammals, 94 species of birds and several hundred invertebrates and plants have disappeared from the face of the Earth. The New York Zoo has a symbolic cemetery with about 200 monuments to extinct animals. According to scientists, by the middle of this century, about 20 thousand more plant species and at least 50 animal species will disappear. So, perhaps, it is the reserves that will help us preserve at least part of the "face" of our planet.

Thick herbs reserved
Keep a great silence
The world is unique, the world is cherished
We store for future descendants.

extracurricular activity on ecology in the library, grades 6-8

Natural history" href="/text/category/prirodovedenie/" rel="bookmark"> natural history and biology, you and I very often used the expressions "Nature is our home", "Take care of natural resources"," The planet is in danger. What do they mean? (listen to students' answers).

Listening to the soundtrack of the song "How beautiful this world is."

Yes, indeed, the world that surrounds us is beautiful, nature is beautiful anywhere in our the globe, despite the fact that it is very different and diverse. Man has long admired the creations that mother nature created: amazing plants and animals. You and I know that the life of all people is inextricably linked with nature: people get oxygen, food, raw materials for industry, medicine and much more from the environment. But, unfortunately, people do not always think about respect for nature.

It's time for humanity to understand

Taking wealth away from nature,

That the Earth must also be protected:

She, like us, is the same - alive!

(slide 4) To protect and protect rare and endangered species of animals and plants, specially protected natural areas (SPNA) are created (slide 5-9). The following categories of specially protected natural areas: state nature reserves, national parks, natural parks, natural monuments, state nature reserves, dendrological parks and botanical gardens, health-improving areas and resorts.

(slide 10) Today in Russia there are 101 reserves with a total area of more than 33 million hectares (this is 1.58% of the total territory of the country) and 40 national parks with total area about 7 million hectares (0.41% of the country's territory), and they retain 80% of the species richness of flora and fauna.

Protected in nature reserves

So many rare animals and birds

To survive the many-sided space

For the light of the coming lightning

So that the deserts do not dare to descend,

So that the souls do not become empty

Beasts are guarded, snakes are guarded,

Even the flowers are protected

And anxiety for life is relentless

So as not to perish in the cosmic haze

All oceans are exhausted

Everything on Earth is exhausted

We offend forests and fields,

Rivers groan from bitter insults

And we forgive ourselves, and we forgive ourselves,

And the future will not forgive us.

(slide 11-17) The story of the Voroninsky Reserve.

The reserve "Voroninsky" is a nature protection, research and environmental education institution of federal significance. The main objectives of the reserve are to preserve and study the natural course of natural processes and phenomena, the genetic fund of flora and fauna, certain types and communities of plants and animals, typical and unique ecological systems.

State nature reserve"Voroninsky" was established on August 12, 1994 with the aim of preserving and monitoring natural forest-steppe complexes. The reserve is located in the middle reaches of the Vorona River in the southeast of the Oka-Don Plain, has an area of 10,390 hectares and is about 50 km long from north to south. It is located on the territory of two administrative districts of the Tambov region, Inzhavinsky and Kirsanovsky, and consists of two relatively large sections and eight small ones located in the valleys of the Vorona River and its tributaries.

The climate of the region is temperate continental. average temperature July +20.4°С, January -11.3°С. The average air temperature is + 4.7°C. The annual rainfall is 510 mm.

The main water artery of the territory of the reserve is the Vorona River, the right tributary of the Khopra. The total length of the river is 454 km, of which 234 - in the Tambov region and more than 90 km - in the reserve. In the valley of the Vorona river there are large floodplain lakes: Simerka (area 40 ha), Kipets (70 ha), Ramza (200 ha) and about a hundred small lakes.

The forested area is 77.2% of the area of the reserve. These are mainly oak forests - 35.9%, aspen forests - 20.8% and black alder forests 14.4%. Herbaceous communities (14.6%) are represented by lowland bogs, floodplain meadows, steppe meadows and small areas meadow steppes. In total, about 600 plant species have now been found and identified, which is 60% of the potential flora. Among them are rare and endangered species listed in the Red Books. various levels: Russian hazel grouse, helmet-shaped orchis, red meat-rhizome, thin skewer, several types of feather grass.

The reserve presents a typical fauna of the southern forest-steppe. There are 25 species of fish, 7 species of amphibians, 6 species of reptiles, 126 species of birds, 26 species of mammals (the largest are elk, wild boar, roe deer, wolf). Among them are "Red Book" species - Ukrainian lamprey, osprey, white-tailed eagle, short-toed eagle, muskrat. The territory of the reserve is an important stopping point on the way of birds making regular seasonal flights, and is included in the list of key ornithological areas international importance in European Russia.

Here is such a beautiful and amazing nature reserve in our region.

There are special rules of conduct in the reserve.

(slide 18) Rules of conduct in the reserve

In the reserve it is forbidden: - to pick flowers, pick mushrooms and berries, break branches,

Run, scream, make noise,

Make fires, have picnics,

Litter,

Conduct business activities

All this negatively affects the life of animals and plants.

On the territory of the reserve, you should move quietly and calmly so as not to interfere with animals and birds and not disturb their rhythm of life.

And suddenly he sighed, as if alive,

And the continents whisper to me:

You take care of us, take care!

In the anxiety of groves and forests,

Dew on the grass, like a tear!

And the springs quietly ask:

You take care of us, take care!

The deep river is sad

Their own, losing their shores,

You take care of us, take care!

The deer stopped his run:

Be a man, man!

We believe in you - do not lie,

You take care of us, take care!

I look at the globe - the globe of the earth,

So beautiful and dear!

And lips whisper in the wind:

I will save you, I will save you!

Final part. Summarizing.

- So, guys, what was our event dedicated to today?

- What dangers await our planet?

- What can we do to protect the environment?

- What new did you learn today? What do you remember the most?

There is one garden planet in this cold space

Only here the forests are noisy, calling migratory birds,

Only on it alone you will see lilies of the valley in green grass

And dragonflies only look into the river in surprise

Take care of your planet, because there is no other in the world!

(Y. Akim)

Literature:

1. Dal Dictionary of Living Great Russian language: In twelve volumes. Volume 4. - M .: World of Books, 2004.

2. Reserves. T.9. – M.: Mir knigi, 2003.

3., etc. Biology: Dictionary for students and applicants / Ed. . - St. Petersburg: Publishing House of St. Petersburg. un-ta, 2002.

Today's line is dedicated to the Day of Reserves and National Parks, which is celebrated in our country on January 11th.

What are reserves, you ask?

reserves - these are specially protected natural areas - today, perhaps, the only way save at least a small part of wildlife and wildlife from death.

Day of Reserves and National Parksstarted celebrating in 1997by the Center for Wildlife Conservation and the World Wildlife Fund.

January 11 for this eventchosen not by chance- on this day in 1917 in Russiathe first state reserve was established- Barguzinsky.

Barguzinsky State Natural biosphere reserve is one of the oldest reserves in Russia. It was established by a decree of the Irkutsk Governor-General dated May 17, 1916, andOn January 11, 1917, the creation of the reserve was formalized by a government decree.

Currently in Russia there are 100 reserves with a total area of more than 33 million hectares and 35 national parks with a total area of about 7 million hectares.

What are reserves for?

Reserves preserve 80% of the species richness of flora and fauna.

Are there nature reserves in the area Ryazan region?

There are 103.5 thousand hectares of specially protected natural areas on the territory of the Ryazan region, including: Meshchersky National Park, Oksky Reserve, 47 reserves.

Meshchersky National Park (reserve), in the Ryazan region, is located in the basin of the Spas-Klepikovskiye Lakes and the Pra River. Meshchersky Square national park 103 thousand hectares. Founded in 1922.

Here are the landscapes of the central Meshchera with a complex of lowland and transitional swamps with a system of flowing shallow lakes, swamps. Specially protected objects: lowland swamps in the basin of Spas-Klepikovskiye lakes.

The Oksky Biosphere Reserve is the most picturesque corner of Meshchera, located in its southeastern part.

Founded in 1935. Pine, spruce forests, oak forests, meadows. Elk, beaver, fox, marten, capercaillie, hazel grouse, black stork, white-tailed eagle, etc. Nurseries have been created rare species animals (bison, white, black and Japanese cranes); ornithological station. Since 1984 Oksky Biosphere Reserve.

You will not find monotony in the nature of this region! In the spring, during the flood, Meshchera seems to remember the sea that gave birth to her and overflows widely. Majestic forests give way to swamps; lakes with water as clear as a tear - rivers black with peat.

Protected in the Oksky Reserve unique species plants and animals, thousands of flocks of birds fly to this region every spring. These are geese, cranes, herons, various waders, gulls, about a hundred species of passerine birds.

The emblem of the reservebecame a black stork, regularly found here.

Black storks are listed in the Red Book.

In the forests you can admire the rarest orchid Venus slipper, in the floodplain reservoirs there is a relic of the Tertiary period - chilim (water chestnut). The famous Oka meadows beckon with a variety of colors and smells of herbs.

In the flora of the Oksky Reserve and its buffer zone, 880 species of vascular plants have been identified. 61 species of mammals, 266 species of birds, 6 species of reptiles, 11 species of amphibians, 39 species of fish live and breed in the forests, meadows, reservoirs of the reserve.

Here you can see with your own eyes the ancient giant of European forests - bison. Only in the nursery of the Oksky Reserve, purebred bison have been preserved.

A historian, ethnographer, archaeologist can also look at this region with great interest. The banks of the river Pra - the main water artery The reserve was chosen by man as early as the 1st millennium AD. e.

So why are we talking about reserves and national parks today?

So,

RESERVE is a place where rare and valuable plants, animals, unique areas of nature, cultural values.

Without nature in the world to people

You can't even live a day.

So let's go to her we will

Treat like friends.

Fish - water, bird - air, beast - forest, mountains. And a man needs a homeland. And to protect nature means to protect the Motherland.

But how do we, schoolchildren, protect nature?

In the past academic year our school took part in the Action "Week green forest". How it was brought to your attention.

Attention to the screen!

On the screen is a video with the action.

Thank you for your attention.

Library script for the day of nature reserves and national parks. Extracurricular event “Reserved nature - reliable protection. Environmental problems of Russia and attempts to solve them

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