Presentation "Far East of Russia" in geography - project, report. Presentation on the topic "Far East" Download presentation on the Far East
Due to an acute shortage of silver in 1639, a detachment consisting of 31 people under the command of Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin was sent to develop the Far Eastern lands. The Even guides showed the Muscovites the easiest passage through the Dzhugzhdur (Stanovoy Range) ridge along the tributary of the river. Mayi - r. Nudymi on the tributary of the river. Hives, flowing into the Sea of Okhotsk. In this way, in August 1639, the Russians reached the shores of the Pacific Ocean. At the same time, they founded the first Russian settlement in the Far East and on the shores of the Pacific Ocean - Ust-Ulya winter hut and began the first collection of yasak from the natives of the Far East.
The relief of the Far East is predominantly a mountainous territory located in the area of Mesozoic and Cenozoic folding. In the south, medium-altitude and low mountain ranges (Sikhote-Alin, Bureinsky, Dzhugdzhur) predominate, in the north highlands (Kolyma, Koryaksky, Chukotsky) and plateaus (Anadyrsky). The mountain ranges of Kamchatka crowned with volcanic cones (Klyuchevskaya Sopka - 4750 m) reach the highest height.
Climate of the Far East The climate of the Far East is characterized by a special contrast - from sharply continental to monsoonal, which is due to the vast extent of the region. In the northern part, the climate is exceptionally harsh. Winter with little snow, lasts up to 9 months. The southern part has a monsoonal climate with cold winters and wet summers.
Nature of the region The nature of the Far East is varied and interesting. Due to its length from north to south, the region is covered by tundra, taiga, broad-leaved and mixed forests. Deer, elk, brown bears, wild boars, tigers, as well as a huge variety of birds and fish are typical representatives of the fauna of the Far East.
Khabarovsk Territory The Khabarovsk Territory occupies a leading place in the field of Russian industry. Main industrial centers: Khabarovsk Komsomolsk-on-Amur Sovetskaya Gavan In addition, Khabarovsk is the largest cultural center and the capital of the Far Eastern Federal District
Khabarovsk Khabarovsk is the cultural and educational center of the Far East. In addition, Khabarovsk is the most beautiful city on the Amur with its own history, which began with the signing by Count N.N. Muravyov of the Aigun Treaty, according to which the entire left bank of the Amur passed into the possession of Russia. Thus, the history of Khabarovsk is continuously connected with the history of the Far East.
Timber industry The vast forest wealth of the Far East (about 11 billion cubic meters) led to the creation of one of the largest logging and wood processing complex here: from over 40%, Khabarovsk Territory harvests almost 20%, Primorsky, approximately 10% each Sakhalin, Amur Region. Larch, spruce, cedar and fir are mainly cut down, and in the Amur region and the Ussuri region, broad-leaved forests are also cut down. Among the forest products exported from the Khabarovsk Territory, it is necessary, first of all, to name standard houses, plywood, containers, parquet, fodder yeast, ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Prospects for the development of the region To serve the local needs of the Far East on a certain scale, it is necessary to develop more labor-intensive industries: machine-building, metalworking, light food. With the growth of the productive forces of the region, new tasks arise related to: expansion of agricultural production and an increase in the degree of development of the production and social infrastructure.
Conclusion In this presentation, I have touched on the basics of geographic location. Climate, flora and fauna, population, characterized the main areas of the region, their specialization and industrial activity. WORK PERFORMED: STUDENT OF THE 8B CLASS MOU SOSH 2, ASINO CHEREPANOV IVAN
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- The Far East is one of the largest economic and geographical regions of Russia. Includes Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, Amur, Kamchatka, Magadan and Sakhalin regions, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Area - 3.1 million sq. km2. The overall population density in the Far East is very low: less than 1 person per 1 sq. km. km., the main concentrations of the population: in the area of Magadan, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, in the Amur region and Primorye. The population is about 8 million people.
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- The territory of the Far East stretches from north to south for more than 4.5 thousand km. km. It is washed by the Chukchi, Bering, Okhotsk, and Japanese seas. The Far East is predominantly a mountainous country; the plains occupy relatively small spaces, mainly along the valleys of large rivers (the Amur and its tributaries, the Anadyr, and others). There are active volcanoes in Kamchatka.
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Primorsky Krai
- Primorsky Krai is located in the southern part of the Far East and covers an area of 165.9 thousand km2. It borders on the PRC and the DPRK, in the north - on the Khabarovsk Territory, from the east it is washed by the waters of the Sea of Japan.
- Most of the territory is occupied by mountains belonging to the Sikhote-Alin system. The most extensive lowland is Ussuriyskaya. The climate is characterized by a pronounced monsoon character. Most of the rivers belong to the Amur basin.
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- Minerals: tin, polymetals, tungsten, gold, coal, building materials. Primorsky Krai has a developed diversified agriculture.
- In agricultural production, the share of animal husbandry is 60%. In the total consumption of the region's population, local production of vegetables, milk and meat takes up to 60-65%; The population is fully provided with its own potatoes.
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- Primorye is the most developed region of the Far East in terms of transport. The territory of the region is crossed from north to south by the end section of the Trans-Siberian Railway, which has several exits to the sea coast, where large transport hubs have been created (Vladivostok, Nakhodka, etc.)
- Economic relations of the region: fish and fish products, timber, furs, soybeans, rice, honey are exported; Ferrous metals, machinery and equipment, oil products, food and light industry products, building materials are imported.
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Khabarovsk region
- The Khabarovsk Territory borders on the Primorsky Territory, the Amur and Magadan regions. It is washed by the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan.
- The mountainous terrain prevails here (over 70% of the territory), the climate is monsoonal, with severe and little snowy winters and warm, humid summers.
- The rivers of the territory of the region belong to the basins of the Pacific and Arctic oceans. The largest river in the region is the Amur.
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- Minerals: tin, mercury, iron ore, black and brown coal, graphite, manganese, feldspar, phosphorites, building materials, peat.
- The regional center is the city of Khabarovsk (601 thousand people). The largest cities of the region: Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Birobidzhan, Amursk. Agriculture is poorly developed.
- Maritime transport is developed, air transport is widely used. The Okha-Komsomolsk-on-Amur oil pipeline is in operation.
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- Economic relations of the Khabarovsk Territory: products of mechanical engineering and metalworking of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, forestry, woodworking and pulp and paper industries, chemistry, fish and fish products are exported; imported oil and oil products, products of ferrous metallurgy, machinery and equipment, light industry products, food.
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- The Far East has developed ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, machine building and metalworking, shipbuilding and ship repair, oil refining, as well as: timber, textile, food and fish industries. Occupations of the population: reindeer herding, hunting (fishing); live here: Russians, Evenks, Evens, Chukchi, Koryaks, Yakuts;
- The largest cities of the Far East: Magadan, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Vladivostok.
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Contents Climate of the Far East Relief Nature of the region Flora of the region History of development of the region Exploration of the Amur Administrative division of the Far East Kamchatka Peninsula Sakhalin Island Primorsky Territory Khabarovsk Territory Khabarovsk Population of the Far East Extractive industry Timber industry Transport system Foreign trade Prospects for development Conclusion The peculiarity of the position of the Far East ×
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The Far East in natural terms is completely different from other regions of Russia. The main feature: the proximity to the Pacific Ocean and the inextricable connection with it in all respects.
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Climate of the Far East The climate of the Far East is characterized by a special contrast - from sharply continental to monsoonal, which is due to the vast extent of the region. In the northern part, the climate is exceptionally harsh. Winter with little snow, lasts up to 9 months. The southern part has a monsoonal climate with cold winters and wet summers.
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The relief of the Far East is predominantly a mountainous territory located in the area of Mesozoic and Cenozoic folding. In the south, medium-altitude and low mountain ranges (Sikhote-Alin, Bureinsky, Dzhugdzhur) predominate, in the north highlands (Kolyma, Koryaksky, Chukotsky) and plateaus (Anadyrsky). The mountain ranges of Kamchatka crowned with volcanic cones (Klyuchevskaya Sopka - 4750 m) reach the highest height.
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Nature of the region The nature of the Far East is varied and interesting. Due to its length from north to south, the region is covered by tundra, taiga, broad-leaved and mixed forests. Deer, elk, brown bears, wild boars, tigers, as well as a huge variety of birds and fish are typical representatives of the fauna of the Far East.
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Flora of the region The water world of the Far East is especially rich and diverse. In addition, the riches of the sea are a daily source of income and subsistence for both the local population and the fishermen who trade in these waters. Unfortunately, the unreasonable use of water resources leads to the disappearance of many species of fish and marine vegetation. Pollution of water bodies is the most dangerous threat to the destruction of flora
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History of the development of the region Russian explorers and sailors of the 17th - first half of the 18th centuries. can rightfully be called the first explorers of Siberia and the Far East, who first turned to the study of the geography, nature and population of these lands. Yermak's campaign in 1581 - 1582 marked the beginning of an active resettlement movement of Russians from the Urals to the east "meet the sun", to the Pacific Ocean. A special role in this process was played by the Yakut prison (Yakutsk), founded by Peter Beketov on the river. Lena (since 1642 it became the center of administrative management, formed by the Yakutsk district).
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Due to an acute shortage of silver in 1639, a detachment consisting of 31 people under the command of Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin was sent to develop the Far Eastern lands. The Even guides showed the Muscovites the easiest passage through the Dzhugzhdur (Stanovoy Range) ridge along the tributary of the river. Mayi - r. Nudymi on the tributary of the river. Hives, flowing into the Sea of Okhotsk. In this way, in August 1639, the Russians reached the shores of the Pacific Ocean. At the same time, they founded the first Russian settlement in the Far East and on the shores of the Pacific Ocean - Ust-Ulya winter hut and began the first collection of yasak from the natives of the Far East.
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From the accompanying Evens, the Cossacks learned that the Chirkol River is also called Omur (the name that arose from the distorted Momur, which came from the Nanai Mongmu, Mongou - "big river", "strong water"). This is how the name "Cupid" appeared, which became widely known throughout the world from the end of the 17th century.
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Study of the Cupid A huge contribution to the study of the Cupid was made by the Russian scientist G.I. Nevelskoy during the Amur expedition. In the course of the research of the Amur expedition, it was found that the Amur is navigable throughout its entire length, that it is possible to enter it for ships, both from the north and from the south, that there are fairways in the Amur estuary (Nevelsky, Yuzhny and Sakhalin) through which with proper navigational fencing, ships can navigate.
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Administrative division of the Far East The Far East Federal District includes: Primorsky Territory Khabarovsk Territory Amur Region Sakhalin Region Kamchatka Region Magadan Region Jewish Autonomous Region Chukotka Autonomous Region Koryak Autonomous Region
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Sakhalin Island Sakhalin is one of the most important "port" regions of the Far East. Due to its insular position, it is also the center of the food industry associated with the extraction of fish resources.
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Primorsky Krai Primorsky Krai is one of the most developed economic regions in the Far East
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Vladivostok is the largest industrial, economic and cultural center of the Far East. Vladivostok is also strategically important for Russia as the most developed military port on the Pacific coast.
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Khabarovsk Territory The Khabarovsk Territory occupies a leading place in the field of Russian industry. Main industrial centers: Khabarovsk Komsomolsk-on-Amur Sovetskaya Gavan In addition, Khabarovsk is the largest cultural center and the capital of the Far Eastern Federal District
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Khabarovsk Khabarovsk is the cultural and educational center of the Far East. In addition, Khabarovsk is the most beautiful city on the Amur with its own history, which began with the signing by Count N.N. Muravyov of the Aigun Treaty, according to which the entire left bank of the Amur passed into the possession of Russia. Thus, the history of Khabarovsk is continuously connected with the history of the Far East.
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Population of the Far East The dynamics of the population in the Far East reflects the all-Russian trend since 1991. There is a constant reduction. The rate of population decline for the period from 1992 to 1997 is from 1% to 2% per year, which is higher than the national figure. The largest population lives in Primorsky Krai, the share of Primorsky Krai in the total population living in the Far East is increasing compared to other regions. Khabarovsk Krai ranks second in this indicator (21% in 1998)
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Mining industry The industry of the Far East is mainly of local importance. Due to the remoteness of the region, there are problems with the transportation of extracted raw materials. However, the Far East has huge reserves of minerals: coal, tin, nickel
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The proximity to the Pacific Ocean explains the high development of the fishing industry in the Far East. The main centers are Primorsky Krai, Sakhalin and Kamchatka regions. Sakhalin Region and Yakutia - oil-producing regions of the Far East
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Timber industry The vast forest wealth of the Far East (about 11 billion cubic meters) led to the creation of one of the largest logging and wood processing complex here: over 40% - Khabarovsk Territory harvests almost 20% - Primorsky, about 10% - Sakhalin, Amur Region. Larch, spruce, cedar and fir are mainly cut down, and in the Amur and Ussurye - and broad-leaved forests. Among the forest products exported from the Khabarovsk Territory, it is necessary, first of all, to name standard houses, plywood, containers, parquet, fodder yeast, ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. Foreign trade The results of foreign economic activity in 1999 in the Far East confirmed the growth of export activity. To a large extent, this was facilitated by an increase in the production of fish products (the main export commodity), the strengthening of the export orientation of the mining, timber, oil and oil refining industries. Currently, the main foreign economic partner in the Far East is Japan, China, South Korea, Mongolia and the CIS countries. 26 
The Far East is a potentially important region of Russia, but: the irrational use of natural resources, the passive development of industry, the weak population of the region, harm the development of the Far East.
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Conclusion In this presentation, I have touched on the basics of geographic location. Climate, flora and fauna, population, characterized the main areas of the region, their specialization and industrial activity. The main source of information was the Internet, as well as information from the Far Eastern books "The First Glade" by A. Grachev and essays by A. Fadeev.
"Sea of the Far East" - Bird colonies. The peculiarity of agro-climatic resources. Thermal springs. The peculiarity of the animal world. Sea of Okhotsk. Volcano - Klyuchevskaya Sopka. Relief. Tundra. Seas of the Far East. Ussuri taiga. The fauna of the Commander Islands is unique. Kamchatka. Fur seal rookery. Guillemot. 1st tier - giant trees: century-old Korean cedar, black fir.
"Far Eastern economic region" - the Far Eastern economic region. Prepared by a student of grade 9 "A" Penyaz Milena. Egp. Area - 6215.9 thousand km2, population - 7.1 million people. (5% of RF). The Northern Sea Route, the Trans-Siberian and Baikal-Amur Railways, the trans-continental highway under construction, air routes over Siberia and the Arctic.
"Amur Region" - Priorities. Marketing strategy and analysis of the Chinese electricity market. Offer to potential investors. Priority investment projects of the Amur Region within the framework of cooperation with China. Negotiations are underway to attract financial resources from the PRC to the implementation of the project. Foreign investments invested in the economy of the Amur region.
"Vostok" - The population of the Far East. Content. Sakhalin Region and Yakutia are oil-producing regions of the Far East. Transport system. Primorsky Krai is one of the most developed economic regions of the Far East. Vladivostok is the largest industrial, economic and cultural center of the Far East.
"Geography of the Far East" - World Development Report 2009: Revisiting economic geography. Priorities and development potential of the Russian Far East: How can the World Bank be useful? Partnership between the World Bank and the Russian Federation. The payoff from expanding trade and improving infrastructure is very high.
"History of the East" - Research results: What are the features of the colonization of the Russian Far East? The theme of the educational project. In the course of research activities, students collect exhibits for the school museum. Customs. Problem questions. Atlas of the peoples of Russia. Stages and terms of the project: The history of our village I carry everything with me.
In total there are 34 presentations in the topic
FAR EAST Prepared by: Krevnaya Oksana Anatolyevna teacher of geography MBOU secondary school No. 2
GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION The Far East occupies 1/6 of Russia. The length of the territory from north to south is almost 4500 km. The northern regions lie beyond the Arctic Circle, and the southern regions lie at the latitude of the Mediterranean. The borders of the Far East: In the north - the coast of the Arctic Ocean In the south - the border of the Russian Federation with China and the DPRK In the west - the Far Eastern Ranges In the east - the coast of the Pacific Ocean
Tectonic structure Almost the entire territory of the Far East belongs to the areas of Cenozoic folding. In the east, the earth's crust is especially unstable, and turmoil continues in our time.
Relief Features The Far East is predominantly a mountainous area
In the south, medium-altitude and low mountain ranges (Sikhote-Alin, Bureinsky, Dzhugdzhur) predominate, in the north highlands (Kolyma, Koryaksky, Chukotsky) and plateaus (Anadyrsky). The mountain ranges of Kamchatka crowned with volcanic cones (Klyuchevskaya Sopka - 4750 m) reach the highest height. Peninsula Kamchatka, about. Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands are part of the Fiery Pacific Ring. They are most prone to earthquakes and seaquakes. Eruptions of volcanoes and geysers are not uncommon in Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands
climate The climate of the Far East is characterized by a special contrast - from sharply continental to monsoonal, which is due to the vast extent of the region. In the northern part, the climate is exceptionally harsh. Winter with little snow, lasts up to 9 months. The southern part has a monsoonal climate with cold winters and wet summers.
Monsoon circulation is an active exchange of air masses between the continent and the ocean. In winter, air transfer from land to sea dominates, in summer - from sea to land. The main feature is the extremely uneven distribution of a large amount of precipitation over the seasons of the year (up to 1000 mm on the eastern coast of Sikhote-Alin). The main amount of precipitation falls in the form of rain in the summer (it can last 2-3 days). In winter, there is little precipitation, the thickness of the snow cover is small, so the ground freezes to a considerable depth.
Internal waters The density of the river network is mainly in the temperate zone The largest rivers are the Amur, Kolyma, Indigirka Mountain rivers Lakes are located on lowlands or in areas of modern volcanism. The largest is Lake Khanta (4190 km 2) Swamps are common throughout the territory
Nature of the region The nature of the Far East is diverse and interesting. Due to its length from north to south, the region is covered by tundra, taiga, broad-leaved and mixed forests. Deer, elks, brown bears, polar bears in the north, wild boars, Ussuri tigers in the south, as well as a huge variety of birds and fish are typical representatives of the fauna of the Far East.
Natural resources Mineral resources: rich and varied. In the first place - gold (Kolyma, Chukotka, Sikhote-Alin, etc.), then - ores of non-ferrous and rare metals, coal, mercury, mineral springs Forest: wood, medicinal plants (ginseng, lemongrass, etc.) Water: energy of rivers , hydrothermal springs Marine: valuable species of fish, marine animals Recreational: exotic valleys of Kamchatka, Ussuri region, beaches in the Nakhodka region.
Kamchatka
Ussuri taiga