Central Chernozem Reserve presentation. Central Black Earth State Reserve named after Professor V.V. Alekhine. Meadow steppes with feather grass

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"Khekhtsirsky Reserve" - ​​Relief. The ridges of the watersheds are narrow and stony in places, and there are sheer rocky ledges. There are 755 species of higher vascular plants in the flora of the reserve. The sable population, previously destroyed, has now been restored. Khekhtsirsky reserve. Vegetable world. Korean Iptima. The foothills of Khekhtsir are hilly and ridged.

"Alakolsky Reserve" - ​​Onagash, Zhalykol, Pelikanya and Cormorant chickens, and in the western part - between the lake. modern landscapes. The island is 1.5 km long and 0.5 km wide. Major bird nests. Dostyk) up to 279 mm (st. Dense thickets of blackberries are characteristic. National parks. Kazakhstan, carrying out reforms, is confidently among the developed countries of the world.

"Wrangel Island" - Founded in 1976. The firebird of the north is the pink gull. Every year there are up to 250 lairs on the island, where bear babies are born in the midst of the Arctic winter. She-bears come to Wrangel Island from different parts of the Arctic. White arctic geese. Reserve "Wrangel Island". Musk ox.

"Natural reserves of Russia" - Barguzinsky. Big Arctic. Kronotsky Reserve. Large Arctic Reserve. There are 101 nature reserves in Russia. In 1898, F. E. FalzFein created a private reserve in the south of Ukraine. Kronotsky. Story. Russian reserves. The most important nature reserves of the world are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

"Specially Protected Territories" - Individuals are obliged to 1) comply with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of specially protected natural territories. Responsibility for violation of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of protected areas. Article 82. Compensation for damage caused by violation of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of protected areas. On the territory of the environmental institution, it is not allowed:

In total there are 28 presentations in the topic

Kiseleva Ludmila Leonidovna

slide 2

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Since 1979, the reserve has been a member of the international network of UNESCO biosphere reserves, since 1998 it has been the holder of the Diploma of the Council of Europe, and in 2012 it entered the Emerald Network of Europe. Among the inhabited places of the Kursk region, six "patchworks of paradise" with virgin northern steppes, reference black soils, pre-glacial vegetation on chalk hills, relic sphagnum bogs and the purest floodplain complexes have been preserved.

Slide 4: The role of the reserve in the protection of nature in the Russian Federation

Currently, the CCR consists of 6 sites, with a total area of ​​just over 5 thousand hectares. In the Streletsky and Kazatsky sections of the CCR, a zonal type of vegetation, which has practically disappeared in the European forest-steppe, is preserved - upland meadow steppes, which are characterized by indicators of species saturation that are outstanding for extratropical vegetation (87 species per 1 sq. m), high productivity, colorfulness and richness of flora. Meadow-steppe vegetation grows on typical chernozems that have never been plowed, the thickness of the humus horizon of which reaches 1.5 m, and its content is up to 13%.

Slide 5: Meadow steppes with feather grass

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The Bukreevy Barmy and Barkalovka sites are characterized by petrophytic steppe communities on the slopes of chalk hills with pre-glacial (relict) plant species. The forest wolfberry (lat. Dáphne cneórum) grows here, which is listed in the Red Book of Russia and is not found in other reserves of the country. In the Zorinsky area, sphagnum bogs in suffusion basins are of the greatest interest. They are characterized by a high diversity of sphagnum mosses (within a small area. The Psla Floodplain area includes floodplain alder and oak forests, as well as swamps and oxbow lakes, where the smallest flowering plant in the world lives - wolffia rootless (lat. Wolffia arrhiza) not known in other areas of the Kursk region, here is also the largest colony of the gray heron.

Slide 7: Boron wolfberry (relic)

The Central Black Earth Reserve preserves the typical landscapes of the Kursk region, its biological diversity is represented by 7200 species of living organisms. To date, some taxa of living organisms in the Kursk region have practically not been studied, and data on them are given only on the basis of their study in the Central Chernozem Reserve. The biodiversity of the CCR includes more than 90% of all studied species of living organisms in the Kursk region. 55 species of animals, plants and fungi included in the Red Book of Russia and 227 species included in the Red Book of the Kursk region were noted. The potential of the CCR is actively used to substantiate and plan the development of a regional network of specially protected natural areas, conduct design and survey work and prepare decisions on the creation of various categories of regional protected areas in the Kursk region.

Slide 9: Location.

Miraculously preserved islands of the most beautiful forest-steppe landscape of the Central Black Earth Biosphere State Nature Reserve named after Professor V.V. Alekhin are located on the territory of the European part of Russia within the Central Russian Upland. 4 areas of the reserve are located in its southwestern part and belong to the Dnieper river basin: Streletsky and Cossack areas (51°34´ N 36°06´ E) are located at an altitude of 178-262 m above sea level, Zorinsky (51°11´ N 36°24´ E) - at an altitude of 169-200 m, and the Psla floodplain (51°11´ N 36°19´ E) - 155 -167 m above sea level on the watershed of the Seima and Psla rivers. 2 sites of the reserve are located in the southeastern part of the Central Russian Upland and belong to the Don river basin: Barkalovka (51°33´ N 37°39´ E) and Bukreevy Barmy (51°30´ N 37°18´ E) at an altitude of 163-238 m above sea level on the watershed of the Oskol and Ksheni rivers.

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slide 10: geology

The territory of the reserve is located within the Voronezh crystalline shield - an ancient massif composed of granite-gneisses, crystalline schists, ferruginous quartz. These rocks do not come to the surface in the reserve, but serve as a foundation for sedimentary rocks, represented mainly by clays with rare interlayers of marls, limestones, sandstones and sands, occurring at a depth of 70-120 m. Above are deposits of the Cretaceous system, represented by clay, sand, chalk, marl.

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Slide 11: Relief

The relief of the reserve is typically erosional. The difference in height marks of the bottoms of the beams and watersheds reaches 100 meters. The most common forms of microrelief are saucers and oval tubercles, 50 cm to 1 m deep and 20-30 meters in diameter. The space between the saucers has a tuberculous surface, which continues to form at the present time as a result of the vital activity of rodents: mole rats and voles. In places with a close occurrence of Cretaceous deposits, karst phenomena are noted in the form of funnels, pits, and failures. On Barkalovka and Bukreevy Barmakh, chalk is often exposed along the slopes of the ravines, forming picturesque "white mountains". In the Zorinsky area, suffosion-karst and subsidence depressions in the relief (hollows and basins) are observed.

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Slide 12: Streltsy area

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slide 13: climate

The territory of the reserve is located in a zone of moderately cold climate with an average annual air temperature of + 5.7ºC. The coldest month is January (-7.9˚С). During all winter months, thaws can be observed with an increase in air temperature above 0. They occur especially often at the beginning and end of winter. The warmest is July (+ 18.9˚С). During the year, on average, 190 days are with precipitation. The sun shines for an average of 1800 hours a year. The longest season of the year is winter - 130 days, the shortest - spring - 63 days. The duration of the growing season is on average 185 days. The thermal regime is generally stable.

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Slide 14: Streletskaya Steppe weather station

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The average long-term precipitation is 570 mm. Absolute fluctuations in the amount of precipitation - 404 mm (from 334 in 2010 to 744 in 1997). Atmospheric precipitation falls very unevenly both over the years and throughout the year. Snow cover usually sets in the first decade of December. The final melting of the snow cover occurs in the first decade of April.

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slide 16: water

There are no open reservoirs on the Streletsky and Kazatsky sections of the reserve. Groundwater occurs at a depth of 12-14 meters. There are natural water sources on the Barkalovka site - these are several springs that gush from the chalk and feed a small swamp with water. The Zorinsky site consists of a group of individual swamps, lying close to each other, on the second terrace above the floodplain of the Psel and Zapselets rivers. Their diameter varies from 5 to 75 m. The surface on which they are located is hilly, in some places flat, the swamps lie in depressions. They were formed by leaching and settling of the Neogene sands underlying the loess layer. Forty of the studied swamps are sphagnum bogs, a rare phenomenon for the steppe zone; a small stream Gnilets flows. In the Psla floodplain, water bodies occupy 2% of the area, and swamps (Plavni, Lutovo and Zapseletskoe) occupy almost half of the area - 238.7 ha. There are oxbow lakes (Lake Fat).

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Slide 17: Psla floodplain

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Slide 18: Streltsy area

The Streltsy site is the largest (2046 ha). It is located 10 km south of the city of Kursk and stretches in a narrow ribbon (1.5-2.5 km) from the southwest to the northeast for almost 8 km, having 3 small forest tracts in its western part: Dubroshina, Solovyatnik and Dedov Vesely, and in the eastern part - Petrin forest (the largest forest tract - about 500 hectares). Forests occupy 40% of the territory - these are ravine oak forests, a few aspen forests, and other deciduous species are rare. In the forest tracts of Petrin Les and Dedov Vesely there are cordons where inspectors for the protection of the protected area live. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 868 hectares, which is 42.4% of the total area of ​​the site.

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Slide 19: Streltsy steppe

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Slide 20

The Streltsy steppe is located on the upland, on the northern side the border runs along the Petrin log. Slopes occupy 14%. The site is dominated by virgin typical chernozems, only in the Streletskaya steppe one can find soils with a meter thick fertile humus layer. The Streletskaya steppe is a colorful mixed herb steppe with broad-leaved grasses, a real laboratory in the open air. In a relatively small area, 860 species of various herbs, shrubs and trees grow! There are 7 species of plants listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (fine-leaved peony Paeonia tenuifolia, leafless iris Iris aphyll a, Russian hazel grouse Fritillaria ruthenica and chess Fritillaria meleágris, pinnate feather grass Stipa pennata). On one square meter - 87 species of plants. Such a high species saturation is rare in the central regions of Russia. V.V. Alekhin called the Streltsy and Cossack steppes "Kursk botanical anomaly".

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Slide 21: Cossack area

The Cossack site - the second largest (1638 ha) was formed in 1935. It is located at a distance of 18 km southeast of the Streltsy site in the Medvensky district and consists of the Cossack steppe and forest. The area of ​​steppes and meadows is 1098 hectares, which is 67% of the total area of ​​the site. Virgin steppes occupy about 600 hectares. 739 species of vascular plants grow on the most fertile soils, of which 7 species are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (fine-leaved peony, leafless iris, Russian hazel grouse, Zalessky's feather grass, pinnate, pubescent and beautiful). The steppe is separated from the forest by a forest-steppe profile 500 m wide, where the relationship between the forest and the steppe has been studied for many years, and while the forest wins: this area is gradually overgrown with tree and shrub vegetation. On the steppe, in order to preserve the species diversity of plants, various conservation regimes are also used (mowing, hay rotation and non-mowing). About 4000 species of insects, 7 species of amphibians, 5 species of reptiles, 164 species of birds, 38 species of mammals live here. At the edge of the forest there is a cordon where two inspectors for the protection of the territory of the Cossack site and its three-kilometer protected zone, with an area of ​​7754 hectares, live.

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Slide 22: Map-scheme of the Cossack area

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Slide 23: Bukreeva Barma

The site of Bukreeva Barma (259 hectares) became part of the reserve in 1969, is located 100 km southeast of Kursk in the Timsky district near the village. Bolshiye Butyrki and, in turn, consists of two separate tracts. The first tract covers the oak forests of Bukreevo and Borki, connected by a hollow leading to the river Repetskaya Plota, the second tract - Pokosnevo - a canyon-like log covered with tree growth. The distance between the sites reaches up to 1.5 km. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 112 hectares, which is 43.2% of the total area of ​​the site. On the tops of the chalk hills and slopes there are forests descending in the form of green semicircles - barm (barm - decoration of princes in the form of a mantle or necklace). Bukreev is the surname of the landowner who owned these lands before the revolution. Hence the name Bukreeva Barmy.

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slide 24: chalk hills

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Slide 25

Bukreevy Barmy is one of the places where dry “shelters” of periglacial alpine-tundra vegetation survived. They are widely known to botanists thanks to interesting plant communities called "reduced alps". There is an unusual hilly terrain here. 524 species of vascular plants grow on the Bukreeva Barma site, of which 8 species (upland wolfberry Dáphne cneórum, Andrósace koso-poljanskii, Kozo-Polyansky's slipper, Cypripedium calceolus, leafless iris Iris aphylla, Alaunian cotoneaster Cotoneaster alaunicus, Russian hazel grouse Fritillaria ruthénica, feathery feather grass Stípa pennáta and the most beautiful Stípa pulcherríma) are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.

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Slide 26: Barkalovka

The Barkalovka site (365 ha) became part of the reserve in 1969, located on the territory of the Gorshechensky district, 120 km southeast of the city of Kursk. The site consists of two tracts - treeless Barkalovka and wooded Gorodnoy on the watershed of the Oskol and Ksheni rivers - the Don river system. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 88 hectares, which is 24% of the total area of ​​the site. 652 species of vascular plants grow on the Barkalovka site, of which 5 species (upland wolfberry (in Yulia), leafless iris, Russian hazel grouse, feathery and beautiful feather grass) are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. Professor B.P. Kozo-Polyansky called Barkalovka and Bukreevy Barmy, among several other sites, a "land of living fossils", releasing his book under this title. Living fossils are of great scientific interest. Their study makes it possible to understand the laws of evolution of modern vegetation and provides material for solving major botanical and geographical problems.

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In total, 794 species of vascular plants grow on the Zorinsky site. For the first time for the Kursk region, lash-like sedge and oak mannik were found here. The moss flora of the Zorinsky site is very diverse, more than 100 species have been recorded here, 9 of which are listed in the Red Book of the Kursk Region. A large variety of rare sphagnum mosses is concentrated in a very small area - 15 species. About 250 species of mushrooms have been registered, a rare species is often found - a giant puffball (Lycoperdon giganteum); 47 species of freshwater algae.

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Slide 31: Psla floodplain

The Psla floodplain (481.3 ha) is located 60 km from the estate in the Oboyan district, half a kilometer from the Zorinsky site and is a floodplain complex of the Psel River. It consists of three tracts (Plavni, Lutov forest and Zapseletsky swamps) and was formed in 1998. Reservoirs occupy 2% of the area, and swamps - almost half of the site. In r. Psyol inhabits about 24 species of fish: bream, silver bream, chub, asp, ide, roach, rudd, carp, tench, golden crucian carp, silver crucian carp, etc. About 600 species of vascular plants grow on the site, 15 species of them are listed in the Red books of the Russian Federation and the Kursk region.

CENTRAL BLACK EARTH
STATE
NATURAL BIOSPHERE
NAMED RESERVE
PROFESSOR
V.V. ALEKHINA
Kiseleva Ludmila Leonidovna

Since 1979 the reserve has been included in the international
network of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, since 1998
Mr. is the owner of the Diploma of the Council
Europe, and in 2012 entered the Emerald Network
Europe.
Among the inhabited places of the Kursk region
preserved six "patches of paradise" with
virgin northern steppes,
reference chernozems, pre-glacial
vegetation on the chalk hills,
relic sphagnum bogs and
the purest floodplain complexes.

RF

THE ROLE OF THE RESERVE IN NATURE PROTECTION
RF
Currently, the CCR consists of 6 sections, with a total
with an area of ​​just over 5 thousand hectares. on Streletsky and
Cossack sections of the Central Chernobyl region are preserved practically
zonal, disappeared in the European forest-steppe
type of vegetation - upland meadow steppes,
which are characterized by outstanding
extratropical vegetation indicators
species saturation (87 species per 1 sq. m.),
high productivity, brilliance and
richness of flora. Meadow-steppe vegetation
grows on never plowed typical
chernozems, thickness of the humus horizon
which reaches 1.5 m, and its content - up to 13%.

Meadow steppes with feather grass

MEADOW STEPPE WITH KOVIL
feathery

For Boukreeva plots
Barmy and Barkalovka are characterized by petrophytic steppe
communities on the slopes of the chalk hills with
pre-glacial (relict) plant species. Here
upland wolfberry grows (lat. Dáphne
cneórum), listed in the Red Book of Russia, and not
found in other reserves of the country.
At the Zorinsky site, the greatest interest
represent sphagnum bogs in suffusion
hollows. They are characterized by high
variety of sphagnum mosses (within a small
territory. The Psla floodplain section includes
floodplain alder and oak forests, as well as swamps and
oxbows, where the world's smallest flowering plant lives
plant - wolffia rootless (lat. Wolffia arrhiza)
not known in other areas of the Kursk region, here
also hosts the largest gray colony
herons.

Wolfberry upland (relic)

WOLF BOROVA (RELICT)

The role of the reserve in the nature protection of the Kursk region

THE ROLE OF THE RESERVE IN NATURE PROTECTION
KURSK REGION
The Central Black Earth Reserve preserves
typical landscapes of the Kursk region, its
biodiversity is represented by 7200 species
living organisms. Until now, some
taxa of living organisms in the Kursk region
practically not studied and data on them are given
only on the basis of their study in the Central Chernozem Reserve.
The biodiversity of the CCR includes more than 90% of all
studied species of living organisms in the Kursk region.
55 species of animals, plants and fungi have been noted,
listed in the Red Book of Russia and 227 species,
included in the Red Book of the Kursk region.
The potential of the CCR is actively used to justify
and planning the development of a regional network especially
protected natural areas, holding
design and survey work and preparation of solutions
on the creation of various categories of regional protected areas
in the Kursk region.

Geographical position

GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION
Miraculously preserved islands of the most beautiful
forest-steppe landscape of the Central Black Earth
biosphere state nature reserve
named after Professor V.V. Alekhine are located on
territory of the European part of Russia within
Central Russian Upland.
4 sections of the reserve are located in its southwestern
parts and belong to the Dnieper river basin:
Streletsky and Cossack sectors (51°34´ N 36°06´ E)
located at an altitude of 178-262 m above sea level,
Zorinsky (51°11´ N 36°24´ E) - at an altitude of 169-200 m,
a Psla floodplain (51°11´ N 36°19´ E) - 155-167 m above
sea ​​level on the watershed of the Seima and Psla rivers.
2 sections of the reserve are located in the southeastern part
Central Russian Upland and belong to the Don
river basin: Barkalovka (51°33´ N 37°39´ E) and
Bukreevy Barmy (51°30´ N 37°18´ E) at an altitude of 163238 m above sea level on the watershed of the Oskol and
Ksheni.

Geological structure

GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE
The territory of the reserve is located in
within the Voronezh crystalline
shield - an ancient massif composed of granite gneisses, crystalline schists,
ferruginous quartz. For daytime
surface in the reserve these rocks are not
come out, but serve as the foundation for
sedimentary rocks represented
predominantly clays with rare
interlayers of marls, limestones, sandstones
and sands occurring at a depth of 70-120 m.
Above are deposits of Cretaceous
systems represented by clay, sand,
chalk, marl.

Relief

RELIEF
The relief of the reserve is typically erosional. Difference
height marks of the bottoms of beams and watersheds
reaches 100 meters. The most common
microrelief forms are saucers and
oval-shaped tubercles, from 50 cm to 1 m deep
and 20-30 meters in diameter. space between
saucers has a tubercular surface, which
continues to form and is currently
the result of the activity of rodents:
mole rats and voles. In places with loved ones
occurrence of Cretaceous deposits are marked
karst phenomena in the form of funnels, pits, dips.
At Barkalovka and Bukreev Barmakh, chalk
exposed on the slopes of the beams, forming picturesque
"white mountains". On the Zorinsky site, there are
suffusion-karst and subsidence depressions
in relief (hollows and basins).

Streltsy site

STRELETSKY PLOT

Climate

CLIMATE
The territory of the reserve is located in the zone
moderately cold climate with an average annual
air temperature + 5.7ºC. The coldest
month - January (- 7.9˚С). During all winter
months, thaws can be observed from
an increase in air temperature above 0.
They are especially common at the beginning and end of winter.
The warmest is July (+ 18.9˚С). During the year in
on average 190 days are with precipitation. sun in
during the year it shines for an average of 1800 hours. by the most
Winter is the longest season of the year
130 days, the shortest - spring - 63 days.
The length of the growing season in
average is 185 days. Thermal regime in
generally stable.

Weather station "Streletskaya steppe"

WEATHER STATION "STRELETSKAYA"
STEPPE"

The average long-term precipitation is
570 mm. Absolute fluctuations in the amount of precipitation
- 404 mm (from 334 in 2010 to 744 in 1997).
Atmospheric precipitation is very
unevenly both over the years and over the course of
of the year. Snow cover usually sets
in the first decade of December. final
snowmelt occurs in
the first decade of April.

Water

WATER
On the Streletsky and Cossack sections of the reserve
there are no open reservoirs. Ground waters lie on
depth of 12-14 meters. On the Barkalovka site there are
natural water sources are a few keys,
gushing from the chalk and feeding a small
swamp.
The Zorinsky site consists of a group of individual swamps,
lying close to each other, on the second floodplain
terrace of the Psel and Zapselets rivers. Their diameter varies from 5 to
75 m. The surface on which they are located,
hilly, in some places flat, swamps lie in
depressions. They were formed by leaching and
subsidence of the Neogene sands underlying the thickness of the loess.
Forty of the studied bogs - sphagnum - for the steppe zone
a rare phenomenon, a small stream Gnilets flows.
In the Psla floodplain, water bodies occupy 2% of the area, and
swamps (Plavni, Lutovo and Zapseletskoe) almost half
plot - 238.7 hectares. There are oxbow lakes (lake
Bold).

Psla floodplain

PSLA FLOOD PLOT

Streltsy site

STRELETSKY
PLOT
The Streltsy site is the largest (2046 ha).
It is located 10 km south of the city of Kursk and
stretched in a narrow ribbon (1.5-2.5 km) from the southwest to the northeast for almost 8 km, having
its western part 3 small forest
Tracts: Dubroshina, Solovyatnik and Dedov
Cheerful, and in the eastern part - Petrin forest (the most
large forest tract - about 500 hectares). The woods
occupy 40% of the territory - these are
oak forests, a few aspen forests, others are rare
hardwoods. In the forest tracts of Petrin
forest and Dedov Merry are the cordons where
live inspectors for the protection of the reserve
territory.
Area of ​​steppes and meadows: 868 ha, which is
42.4% of the total area of ​​the site.

Streltsy steppe

STRELETSKY STEPPE

The Streltsy steppe is located on the upland, with
the northern side of the border runs along Petrina
log. Slopes occupy 14%. Location on
virgin typical chernozems prevail,
only in the Streletskaya steppe can one find soils with
meter thick fertile humus layer.
Streltsy steppe, is colorful
forb steppe with broad-leaved grasses,
a real open-air laboratory. On the
grows in a relatively small area
860 species of different herbs, shrubs and trees!
Inhabits 7 species of plants listed in the Red
book of the Russian Federation (fine-leaved peony Paeonia tenuifolia,
leafless iris Iris aphylla, Russian hazel grouse
Fritillaria ruthenica and chess Fritillaria meleágris,
feather grass Stipa pennata). On one
square meter - 87 plant species. Such
high species saturation is rare
in the central regions of Russia. V.V. Alekhine
called the Streltsy and Cossack steppes "Kursk
botanical anomaly.

Cossack section

COSSACK PLOT
Cossack plot - the second largest (1638 hectares) was formed
in 1935. It is located at a distance of 18 km southeast of
Streltsy site in the Medvensky district and consists of
Cossack steppe and forest. The area of ​​steppes and meadows is 1098 hectares, which
makes up 67% of the total area of ​​the site. Virgin steppes
occupy about 600 hectares. On the most fertile soils
739 species of vascular plants grow, of which 7 species
are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (fine-leaved peony, iris
leafless, Russian hazel grouse, Zalessky's feather grass, pinnate,
pubescent and beautiful). The steppe separates from the forest
forest-steppe profile 500 m wide, where for many years
the relationship between the forest and the steppe is being studied, and while the forest
wins: there is a gradual overgrowth of this area
tree and shrub vegetation. On the steppe for
conservation of plant species diversity
various conservation modes are applied (mowing,
hay rotation and non-mowing).
About 4000 species of insects live here, 7 species
amphibians, 5 species of reptiles, 164 species of birds, 38
types of mammals.
At the edge of the forest there is a cordon where two inspectors live.
for the protection of the territory of the Cossack section and its
three-kilometer protected zone, with an area of ​​7754 hectares.

Map-scheme of the Cossack section

MAP-SCHEME OF THE COSSACK PART

Bukreeva Barma section

BUKREEVA BARMA PLOT
The Bukreeva Barma site (259 ha) became part of
reserve in 1969, located 100 km southeast of Kursk in the Timsky district near
With. Bolshiye Butyrka and, in turn, consists of
two separated areas. First tract
covers the oak forests of Bukreevo and Borki,
connected by a hollow leading to the Repetskaya River
Raft, the second tract - Pokosnevo -
canyon-like ravine covered with woody
overgrowth. The distance between sites reaches
up to 1.5 km. The area of ​​steppes and meadows: 112 hectares, which
is 43.2% of the total area of ​​the site.
On the tops of the chalk hills and slopes
there are forests descending in the form of green
semicircles - barm (barm - decoration of princes in
the form of a mantle or necklace). Boukreev - surname
landowner who owned these lands until
revolution. Hence the name Bukreeva Barmy.

chalk hills

CHALK HILLS

Bukreevy Barmy is one of the places where dry
"Refugees" of the glacial alpine-tundra
vegetation. They are widely known to botanists
thanks to interesting plant communities
under the name "reduced Alps". Here
there is an unusual hilly terrain
terrain. On the site of Bukreeva Barma
524 species of vascular plants grow, of which
8 species (upland wolfberry Dáphne cneórum,
Andrósace kosopoljanskii, Kozo-Polyansky's slipper, real lady's slipper
Cypripedium calceolus, leafless iris Iris
aphylla, Alaunian cotoneaster
Cotoneaster alaunicus, Russian hazel grouse Fritillaria
ruthénica, feather grass Stípa pennáta and
the most beautiful Stípa pulcherríma) are listed in
Red Book of the Russian Federation.

Section Barkalovka

PARK BARKALOVKA
The Barkalovka site (365 ha) became part of the reserve in
1969, located on the territory of Gorshechensky
area 120 km southeast of the city of Kursk. Plot
consists of two tracts - treeless Barkalovka and
wooded city on the watershed of the Oskol rivers
and Ksheni - Don river system. Steppe area and
meadows: 88 ha, which is 24% of the total area
site. 652 species grow on the Barkalovka site
vascular plants, of which 5 species (wolfberry
upland (v. Julia), leafless iris, Russian hazel grouse,
feathery and beautiful feather grass) are listed in the Red
RF book. Professor B.P. Kozo-Polyansky called
Barkalovka and Bukreev Barma among several
other areas of the "land of living fossils", releasing
book under this title. living fossils
are of great scientific interest. Their study
allows you to understand the laws of evolution of modern
vegetation, provides material for solving
major botanical and geographical issues.

Zorinsky site

ZORINSKY PLOT
The Zorinsky section of the reserve has an area
495.1 ha and located 70 km south of the estate
in Oboyansky and Pristensky districts.
Zorin sphagnum bogs are located 89 km east of the city of Oboyan, near the village
Zorino, in the valley of the river Pselets. Consists
Zorinsky site from open spaces with
sphagnum bogs located on both
side of the railway Oboyan-Rzhava and
forest tract Execution in Pristensky
area.

Sphagnum swamp

sphagnum swamp

In total, 794
species of vascular plants. First time for
sedge found here in the Kursk region
whip-shaped and oak mannik. moss flora
Zorinsky site is very diverse, here
more than 100 species have been recorded, 9 of which
listed in the Red Book of the Kursk region.
In a very small area
concentrated a wide variety
rare sphagnum mosses - 15 species.
About 250 species of mushrooms have been registered,
a rare species is often found - a raincoat
giant (Lycoperdon giganteum); 47
species of freshwater algae.

Psla floodplain

PSLA FLOOD PLOT
The Psla floodplain (481.3 ha) is located in
60 km from the estate in the Oboyan district in
half a kilometer from the Zorinsky site and
is a floodplain complex of the river
Psel. Consists of three tracts (Plavni, Lutov
forest and Zapseletsky swamps) and was formed in 1998
d. Reservoirs occupy 2% of the area, and swamps occupy almost half of the area. In r. Psyol lives
about 24 species of fish: bream, silver bream, chub,
asp, ide roach, rudd, carp, tench,
golden carp, silver carp, etc.
About 600 species grow on the site.
vascular plants, 15 species of which are listed
in the Red Books of the Russian Federation and the Kursk region.

Floodplain Psla

FLOOD PSLA

Flora

FLORA
According to the data for the entire period of flora studies, on
modern territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve (5287.4 ha) until the end
2010 noted (published and
typewritten materials) growth 1287
vascular plant species, including adventitious
(advanced) herbaceous plants and woody
introducers. In the areas of the reserve they
distributed as follows:
Streltsy - 908,
Cossack - 744,
Barkalovka - 654,
Boukreev Barma - 526,
Zorinsky - 794,
Psla floodplain - 537 species.

slide 1

Prepared by the primary school teacher MBOU "Field Lyceum" Shestopalova T.S. 2014 Central Chernozem State Reserve named after Professor V.V. Alekhine

slide 2

Sections of the reserve Streletsky section Cossack section Bukreeva Barmy Barkalovka Zorinsky section Floodplain Psla Here is the steppe! You have been sung many times, Dressed in former glory. Feather grass, wherever you look into the distance, In the wind it spreads like an old one... Curly oak forests are all around... Well, you better need it, really! And I invite everyone to this reserve with me ... Professor V.V. Alekhine

slide 3

Streltsy area Cossack area Bukreeva Barma area Barkalovka area Zorinsky area Psla floodplain area

slide 4

All six sections of the Central Chernozem Reserve are located within the middle zone of the forest-steppe, where natural natural (primary) communities in the conditions of flat watershed surfaces, called plakors, are meadow steppes and broad-leaved forests, mainly of English oak. A much smaller area on certain landforms is occupied by other types of plant communities (true and steppe meadows, petrophytic steppes, wetland vegetation, thickets of shrubs, small-leaved forests, etc.). According to the data for the entire period of flora studies, in the modern territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve (5287.4 ha), until the end of 2010, 1287 species of vascular plants were noted (published and typewritten materials), including adventitious (adventive) herbaceous plants and woody introducers.

slide 5

slide 6

Mushrooms The kingdom of mushrooms in the Central Chernozem Reserve has about a thousand species. 12 species of mushrooms living in the CCR are poisonous and can cause not only poisoning, but also death. First of all, this group should include the deadly poisonous toadstool. Mushrooms entered human life not only as a source of tasty food, but also as natural healers for a variety of diseases. More than 40 species of mushrooms with medicinal properties live in the CCR. The use of red fly agaric for rheumatism, neuralgia, tuberculosis, atherosclerosis, vasospasms and epilepsy is well known. False mushrooms were used as a laxative and emetic, and even cholera was treated with pale grebe. 2 species of mushrooms of the reserve are listed in the Red Book of Russia: branched tinder fungus or ram mushroom /Polyporus umbellatus/ is found in the Streltsy area, its fruiting body can reach more than 10 kg of weight and varnished tinder fungus /Ganoderma lucidum/, which is registered only in the Streletsky and Cossack areas .

Slide 7

Polypore lacquered Dubovik common Judas ear Veselka common Common boletus Chlorosplenium blue-green

Slide 8

Steppe vegetation The steppe is the main value for which the reserve was created. The steppes presented on its territory belong to the northern, or meadow. The Central Black Earth Reserve includes the largest of them - the Streletskaya (730 ha) and Cossack (720 ha) steppes. Relic vegetation ("Country of Living Fossils") Of particular value is the vegetation of the southeast of the Kursk region (the upper reaches of the Oskol River basin), where peculiar calcephytic-petrophytic steppes are located, located on slopes and hills with close underlying Cretaceous deposits. For their protection, in 1969, sections of the Barkalovka Reserve and Bukreevy Barmy were organized here. The plant communities growing in these habitats are known as "lowered alps". They are stable over time, are characterized by a dense grass stand of small average height, a noticeable participation of shrubs and semi-shrubs, a rich floristic composition and a significant concentration of rare species.

Slide 9

Meadow vegetation Meadows are usually divided into floodplain and continental (located on watershed spaces). Their vegetation is represented by rather poor communities with a predominance of trivial meadow or weed-meadow species, among which couch grass, narrow-leaved and marsh bluegrass, yarrow and common dandelion predominate. Bog and aquatic vegetation On the territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve, the bog type of vegetation has a relatively small distribution. In the areas of Barkalovka, Zorinsky, Poyma Psla, grassy swamps are represented, occupying a total of about 260 hectares. Floodplain grass bogs are mainly widespread: reed, mannic, sedge, cattail. The most abundant in these communities are cereals (common reed, large manna, graying reed grass, marsh bluegrass), sedges (sharp, soddy, swollen, fox, coastal, pseudo-synthetic, vesiculate, etc.), cattails (narrow-leaved and broad-leaved), river horsetail, forbs. Forest vegetation The forests of the reserve are located in the southwestern part of the Central Russian Upland within the central strip of the forest-steppe zone and are part of the Kursk forest-steppe district. Due to the increased human colonization of the forest-steppe landscape, they are represented by separate forest tracts or larger tracts, and, as a rule, are surrounded by agricultural land.

slide 10

Rare Plant Species Currently, 13 species of vascular plants from the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (2008) are known to grow on the territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve, which is 65% of the "Russian Red Book species" reliably noted in the Kursk region. Basically, these are species located near the borders of their range: in the north - thin-leaved peony, Zalessky's feather grass, the most beautiful, pubescent and pinnate, leafless iris (iris); in the south - Lozel's elk forest; as well as species with a fragmented range - a real lady's slipper, Russian and chess hazel grouses, upland wolfberry (Yulia's wolfberry), Alaunian cotoneaster and Kozo-Polyansky's prolomnik

slide 11

Lady's slipper real Cotoneaster Alaunian Hazel grouse checkered Peony thin-leaved Prolomnik Kozo-Polyansky backache Feather pinnate

slide 12

Animals The combination of steppe spaces and forests, fertile soils, highly productive vegetation with an optimal regime of heat and moisture create the most favorable conditions for the existence in the forest-steppe of many species of animals of different ecologies. The group of invertebrates is the most numerous. Insects Steppe insects account for 4 to 16% of species. About a thousand species of beetles have been identified. Representatives of all the main families of this order are found in abundance: ground beetles, beetles, dark beetles, click beetles, soft beetles, weevils, barbels, etc. Ground beetles are the best studied in the reserve. There are especially many wild single bees and bumblebees. About 20 species of bumblebees live on the territory of the Streltsy site alone. The world of predatory insects is extremely diverse. There are many predators among centipedes, bugs, ants, wasps, some flies.

slide 13

slide 14

Spiders In the Streltsy steppe, according to our calculations, 191 species of spiders live: 96 in the steppe, 105 in the forest and on the edges. The most notable of these are perhaps the orb-weaving spiders of the Araneidae family. Their large wheel-shaped webs can often be found in grass, trees and shrubs. The largest of them is the Brünnich spider, or wasp spider, so named because of the yellow-black striped pattern of the abdomen. Amphibians 10 species of amphibians live on the territory of the reserve. These are almost all representatives of the amphibian fauna of the Kursk region, with the exception of the common frog and the common tree frog. Reptiles Five species of reptiles live on the territory of the Central Chernozem Reserve (fast and viviparous lizards, spindles, common snake and steppe viper), which makes up 50% of the reptile fauna of the Kursk region. Birds Birds are the most numerous group of vertebrates in the reserve. According to the latest data, there are 226 species of birds in the fauna of the CCR and its buffer zone, which is about 80% of all birds in the Kursk region, of which more than 90 species nest in the reserve. Mammals Fifty species of mammals have been recorded in the relatively small area of ​​the Central Chernozem Reserve. In the Central Chernozem Reserve, 4 species of bats that make up the Order Bats have been noted. There are 13 species of predatory mammals in the CCR. The largest of them is the wolf

March 18, 2016 at the Regional Scientific Library. N.N. Aseev, a presentation of the popular science book "Central Chernozem Reserve" was held. The publication is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Russian nature reserve system and was funded by the UNDP / GEF / Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia Project “Improving the system and management mechanisms for protected areas in the steppe biome of Russia”.

The director of the reserve, candidate of biological sciences A.A. told about the work on the book. Vlasov, who prepared the Foreword, History, Sections: Vertebrate Animals, Rare Animal Species, Modern Activity of the Reserve, Support Service for the Reserve, Implementation of the UNDP / GEF / Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia project “Improving the system and management mechanisms for protected areas in the steppe biome of Russia” in the Central Chernobyl and Conclusion.

Deputy Director for Research, Candidate of Biological Sciences O.V. Ryzhkov spoke about the implementation of the UNDP / GEF / Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia project “Improving the system and mechanisms for managing protected areas in the steppe biome of Russia” in the Central Black Forest. He prepared sections: Shrub vegetation, Forest vegetation, Scientific research and monitoring, 657 photographs and drawings.

Journalists, students and schoolchildren asked their questions. Head of the Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences KSU O.P. Lukashova, who got acquainted with the contents of the book, highly appreciated its importance both for schoolchildren and students, and for specialists, emphasizing that the book is easy to read, it contains many beautiful illustrations, and most importantly, we learn that there is a unique world next to us wildlife to be protected.

The presentation was attended by representatives of libraries, various mass media of Kursk, who received the book for use in educating the population. The book has been handed over to all district libraries of the Kursk region, and will be distributed in schools surrounding the protected areas of the Central Black Earth Reserve.

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