Elements of military discipline and combat training. Drill. Examples of drill training in business

9. DRILL

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Drill training is one of the main subjects of military training and education. Drill training disciplines military personnel, develops in them the speed and clarity of actions in armament and equipment, and also contributes to the acquisition of skills that are necessary in the classroom for tactical, fire, special training and other subjects of study. It includes single drill training without weapons and with weapons, drill coordination of units on foot and in vehicles, drill reviews and compliance with the requirements of the Military Charter of the Armed Forces. Russian Federation in Everyday life.

Classes in many subjects of combat training are directly related to actions personnel in the ranks: formations, movements and various rebuildings. The quality of training largely depends on how the tank commanders themselves fulfill the requirements of the Combat Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

The charter obliges commanders to indicate the time, place, order of formation, uniform and equipment, as well as what weapons, military and other equipment to have before formation. This requirement brings, first of all, clarity, clarity and organization before the personnel go to classes. In addition, the commander must check the presence in the ranks of subordinates, weapons, military equipment, ammunition, personal protective equipment and entrenching tools. Subordinates should be checked for appearance, availability and correct fit of equipment.

The squad leader is obliged to constantly maintain discipline in the ranks, to demand the exact execution of commands and signals by the unit and for the performance by the military of their duties in the ranks. When giving commands in the ranks on the spot, the commander takes the position "at attention".

When building squads with equipment, commanders are obliged to inspect it, check the availability and serviceability of equipment for transporting personnel, as well as the correct fastening of the transported (towed) materiel and stowage of property. When driving, observe the established rules, distance and speed.

The main tasks of the squad leader in the training process are: timely identification of shortcomings and errors in the performance of techniques and the discovery of their causes; elimination of shortcomings in the course of each lesson and daily life; constant high demands on oneself and subordinates.

BASICS OF THE METHOD OF DRILL TRAINING

A commander's high combat training is of decisive importance in achieving success in drill training, in the ability to exemplarily carry out the techniques provided for by the drill charter and methodically correctly train subordinates.

Each lesson should be preceded by careful preparation. In accordance with the requirements of the combat training program, squad commanders are preparing to conduct classes at instructor-methodical classes, briefings and during self-study. During self-training hours, the squad leader studies statutory provisions, manuals on drill and command; draws up a plan-outline, based on the instructions of the platoon commander; improves the technique of performing drill techniques and actions practiced in the classroom; prepares the personnel of the department.

Each drill should be a new step in improving the drill skills of soldiers and subunits. The depth of the knowledge gained at the same time and the strength of the skills largely depend on the skillfully chosen methods of teaching and training carried out during the classes.

In drill training, the following methods are mainly used: oral presentation, demonstration, training, independent study.

When studying a drill technique or action, it is necessary to find such a method of explanation, demonstration and training, which, in given time, in this lesson will give best result in the shortest time.

The explanation of the technique or action should be short, clear and concise, like the technique or action itself. Each part of the explanation should be accompanied by a practical demonstration.

The place of the commander during drill training sessions should ensure the observation of the actions of the trainees and the timely elimination of the noticed errors. The most expedient removal from the formation of the unit should be considered: for the squad leader - 3-4 steps, for the platoon commander - 5-6 steps.

Commands must be given clearly and loudly. An ill-defined command makes it difficult to carry it out, and an incorrectly given command leads to confusion or failure to perform the reception.

Training in drill techniques should be carried out in the following sequence: familiarization; learning; workout.

For acquaintance with the reception, the commander must:

name the technique and indicate where and for what purpose it is used;

give a command on which the reception is performed;

show strictly according to the Military Regulations how the reception is performed as a whole, and then at a slow pace - by divisions with a brief explanation of the procedure for its implementation.

A minimum amount of time should be spent on familiarization with the reception.

Depending on the complexity of the drill learning it can be carried out:

in general, if the reception is simple;

by divisions, if the reception is difficult;

with the help of preparatory exercises, if the technique is complex and its individual elements are difficult to digest.

The study of each element of the technique (if it is difficult to perform) also begins with a demonstration and a brief explanation. Techniques shown clearly, correctly and beautifully always make a great impression on the trainees and make them want to perform them as shown.

After familiarization with the drill technique, they begin to form the skill as a holistic action, which includes two main stages related to each other.

The first stage consists in dividing a complex technique into elements and performing it element by element.

The second stage sequentially combines elements into groups, and then into a single whole.

At the end of the training, a training is carried out, which consists in the repeated execution of the studied technique as a whole. Noticing an error in the execution of the reception by one of the soldiers, the commander approaches him and, being next to him, trains or teaches him, while the rest continue training on their own. If during the training the same mistake is made by several soldiers, the commander stops the training of the squad and again shows the technique, after which the training continues. At the same time, the commander must ensure that all techniques are performed correctly, quickly, beautifully and clearly.

SINGLE DRILL

Single training of military personnel is the basis of unit drill training. Only in progress solo training you can notice all the errors and correct them in a timely manner. Single training, as a rule, is directly carried out by the squad leader. He personally conducts classes with the department and is responsible for the individual training of his subordinates.

Classes in single drill training should be held on a specially equipped site or on a drill parade ground.

The study of combat techniques on the spot must be carried out in an open formation, and on the move - at increased distances, so that the squad leader can clearly see the mistakes and inaccuracies in the actions of each soldier.

The most commonly used one-way and two-way learning methods. With a one-sided method of training, all trainees are in open formation, they train in performing a technique or action under the guidance of the squad leader. With a two-way training method, military personnel train in pairs, acting in turn as a commander, while the most trained soldiers train the less trained. The squad leader controls the actions of the soldiers, moving from one pair to another, corrects the mistakes they make.

In both teaching methods, two methodological approaches are usually used.

The first technique is "Do as I do." At the same time, the squad leader, while training the soldiers, performs the technique exemplarily. The second technique is “I train one person - everyone does it.” From open one-tier system the squad leader calls one of the soldiers for a certain number of steps, trains him, and the soldiers in the ranks follow the same commands as the trainee.

At the end of the lesson, the squad leader indicates to each soldier what and by what time he needs to be finalized, conducts a competition on best performance studied technique, and also gives instructions on how to prepare for the next lesson.

The training of soldiers in combat techniques with weapons is carried out by the same methods as without weapons. At the same time, at the beginning of each lesson, the squad leader is obliged to inspect the weapon so that it is not loaded, and check the serviceability of the belt fastening. Before performing drill techniques with a weapon, it is first put on the fuse.

CONTROL COORDINATION

The drill coordination of the squad consists in training personnel in clear and coordinated actions in deployed and marching formations.

Classes for training soldiers in actions in squad formations are conducted by squad commanders under the guidance of a platoon commander. The commander of the squad conducts the study of actions in the formations of the squad in the following sequence: calls the formation; gives a command; explains the order of execution (building, rebuilding), if necessary, causes two soldiers to be put out of action and shows the actions of each of them during various rebuildings. Then he teaches the personnel of the department the precise execution of the command, while achieving coordinated actions.

All constructions and rebuildings are carried out in strict accordance with the statutory requirements. So, for example, to build a branch into an expanded one rank order the command "Squad, in one line - STAND" is given. On the preliminary command “Separation”, all trainees should immediately turn to face the commander, take a position “at attention” and wait for the next command in readiness to quickly and accurately execute it. The squad leader gives the command, facing the trainees. At the end of the command to build, he becomes facing the front of the formation, remaining in the "at attention" position. With the beginning of the formation, the squad leader breaks down and monitors the alignment of the squad. The alignment of the squad is carried out in cases where the intervals between the military personnel in the ranks turned out to be violated, the toes of the boots were not on the same line, but in the two-rank formation, in addition, the distance between the ranks was violated.

For faster assimilation by trainees of the order of rebuilding and achievement of coordinated actions, training in the deployed formation should begin with rebuilding in divisions, and in the marching formation - at a slow pace and as it is mastered, bringing it to normal.

Branch training in progress military salute it is advisable to carry out first in a single-rank formation (in a column one at a time), and then in a two-rank formation (in a column two at a time). In all cases, it should be ensured that the military greeting is carried out valiantly, with strict observance of the requirements of the Military Regulations; head rotation should be uniform, performed clearly and simultaneously by all trainees.

When responding to the commander's (chief's) greeting on the move, all military personnel must begin the response by placing their left foot on the ground, pronouncing each subsequent word with the next foot on the ground.

Coordination of the squad during operations on the vehicle includes: building personnel in front of the vehicle; weapon inspection; landing of personnel; accommodation of military personnel and property; performing a military salute by car on the spot and on the move; disembarkation of personnel from the vehicle. Embarkation and disembarkation of personnel is practiced first by divisions or at a slow pace, then at a fast and regular pace.

IMPROVEMENT OF BRITTLE EDUCATION
IN DAILY LIFE

The commander must know that any formation and movement of a unit in the ranks contributes to the improvement of combat coherence, the strengthening of conscious military discipline among military personnel.

Physical exercises, morning inspections, service in daily duty and other activities according to the daily routine should also be used by sergeants to improve the drill skills of soldiers. The behavior of military personnel in everyday life (out of formation on the territory of military camps and beyond) is of great importance in maintaining high military discipline and combat bearing of soldiers. One of the manifestations of military politeness is a mutual military greeting.

In addition to the formation of combat skills, the squad leader is obliged to develop in his subordinates the ability to properly wear military uniform clothes. She must strictly comply with the rules for wearing it and be always clean and tidy.

The constant concern of the squad leader about his appearance and the appearance of subordinates - the first sign of a desire for order, organization, high military culture in the unit.

10. PHYSICAL PREPARATION
AND SPORTS WORK

PHYSICAL TRAINING

General provisions

The purpose of physical training in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is to ensure the level of physical fitness of military personnel necessary to perform combat and other special tasks according to the professional purpose.

The general tasks of the physical training of military personnel are:

harmonious spiritual and physical development personality;

propaganda healthy lifestyle life;

development and maintenance at a sufficient level of physical qualities;

formation of military-applied motor skills.

Physical training contributes to:

education of moral-volitional and psychological qualities;

increasing the body's resistance to adverse factors;

military-professional activities and the environment;

the formation of the readiness of military personnel to endure extreme physical and mental stress during the preparation and conduct of hostilities.

Physical training is carried out in the following forms:

training sessions;

morning physical exercise;

physical training in the process of training and combat activities.

Each sergeant must:

constantly improve their physical fitness and be an example in this for subordinates;

know the level of physical fitness of each soldier for all exercises of the training program;

skillfully master the methodology of conducting morning physical exercises, accompanying physical training, separate parts training sessions and methods of teaching a particular exercise, technique (action);

in practice to carry out the relationship of physical training with the requirements for combat activities;

distribute rationally physical activity during the day and week;

ensure the readiness of places for classes in all sections of physical training;

comply with safety requirements and injury prevention in the process of training physical training;

to ensure high motivation of personnel for physical training classes, the development of a stable need for military personnel in regular physical exercises.

Physical training planning for conscripted military personnel is carried out on the basis of:

for training sessions– 3 hours per week during school hours;

for morning exercise 30 (50) min. daily, except weekends and holidays;

for physical training in the process of combat training- by decision of the unit commander.

The main planning document in the company is the schedule of classes for the week, which indicates: options and content of morning physical exercises; topics and content of physical training classes; the content of associated physical training; time and content of sports work; time, topics and content of instructor-methodical and demonstrative classes with sergeants undergoing military service on conscription and under contract.

Each serviceman is personally responsible for the level of his physical fitness, is obliged to systematically engage in physical exercises and be constantly physically ready to perform military duty and official duties.

BASICS OF THE METHOD OF PHYSICAL TRAINING

Technique training exercise and the formation of motor skills includes: familiarization, learning and training.

Familiarization contributes to the formation of the trainees' correct motor idea of ​​the exercise being learned. For acquaintance it is necessary: ​​to name the exercise, to show it correctly; explain the technique of performing the exercise and its purpose.

learning is aimed at the formation of new motor skills in trainees. Depending on the preparedness of those involved and the complexity of physical exercises, the following methods of learning are used:

in general - if the physical exercise is simple, accessible to trainees or its implementation by elements (parts) is impossible;

in parts - if the physical exercise is complex and can be divided into separate elements;

by divisions - if the physical exercise is difficult and can be performed with stops;

with the help of preparatory physical exercises - if as a whole, due to difficulty, it cannot be performed, and it is impossible to divide it into parts.

Workout- consolidation of trainees' motor skills and abilities by their repeated repetition in various conditions, as well as maintaining the required level of physical and special qualities.

Errors that occur in the process of teaching physical exercises are corrected in the following sequence: in group training - first - general, then - private; with individual training - at first - significant, then - secondary.

Error prevention is provided:

a clear demonstration and explanation of the technique of performing physical exercises;

correct initial learning of physical exercises;

using preparatory physical exercises;

timely and high-quality assistance and insurance.

Injury prevention is ensured by:

clear organization of classes and compliance with the methods of their conduct;

high discipline of military personnel, good knowledge of insurance and self-insurance techniques, rules for preventing injuries;

timely preparation of places of employment and inventory;

systematic monitoring of compliance with established safety standards and rules by the leaders of the classes.

Training sessions are the main form of physical training.

Duration of training sessions in military units is - 1-2 training hours (50-100 minutes). The lesson consists of three parts: preparatory, main and final.

7-10 minutes are allotted for the preparatory part of the lesson (10-15 minutes - for a 2-hour lesson), the tasks of organizing those involved and preparing their body for the upcoming physical activity are solved.

The contents of the preparatory part are marching techniques, general developmental and special exercises, which are selected depending on the content of the main part of the lesson. General developmental exercises include sipping exercises, exercises for the muscles of the arms and shoulder girdle, torso, legs, the whole body, exercises in pairs and sets of floor exercises, as well as previously learned techniques and actions.

The movement and reorganization of the unit to perform general developmental exercises is carried out in accordance with the Military Regulations.

Performing physical exercises on the spot and in motion begins from the starting position, which is accepted by the command "Starting position - ACCEPT". The exercise is performed by the command "Exercise start-NAY". To end the physical exercise on the spot, instead of the last count, the command “STOP” is given, while in motion, the command “Exercise - FINISH” is given. General developmental exercises performed on the spot are shown by the leader standing facing (mirror) or sideways to the trainees, and performed in motion - towards the ranks.

Complex exercises are performed in divisions. For example: “Bend over, hands back, do it - ONCE; combat stance, do - TWO; sit down, hands forward, palms down, do - THREE; combat stance, do it - FOUR. After mastering the physical exercise by divisions, a command is given to perform it as a whole “Exercise - start-NAY”.

To increase the intensity of the load in the preparatory part of the lesson, the previously studied physical exercises are performed one after the other without pauses for rest at the command "Flow, exercise - start-NAY".

The main part of the lesson is carried out for 35-40 minutes (65-85 minutes - for a 2-hour lesson). In it, servicemen master military-applied motor skills, improve them, develop physical and special qualities, educate moral and mental qualities, achieve combat coherence military units, form the ability to act in difficult conditions.

The main part of the lesson is carried out, as a rule, at three training places with their subsequent change. Performing physical exercises at training places is organized in a group or frontal way.

To change places of employment, the leader gives the command: "Platoon, exercise - FINISH." At this command, the trainees stop doing the exercises and line up in one line. The change of places of employment is carried out according to the commands: “Direct-VO”, “To change places of employment by step (running) - MARCH”. At the first change, the transition order is indicated.

Drill

In the light recent events that are taking place in our country, every conscious person must understand the importance military service. After all, service in the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is an honorable duty of every citizen.

Initial military training, which will take place in the lessons with OBZhD, will give students an initial understanding of military service. Therefore, the lessons of combat training come to the rank of important subjects of military training for schoolchildren.

At drill lessons, schoolchildren will learn to develop drill bearing and discipline, learn to perform various drill techniques and coordinated actions as part of a unit.

For schoolchildren, the presence of such a discipline as drill, it is useful not only because students learn to master various combat techniques, but along with this, mutual assistance, discipline, endurance and dexterity are brought up in them. With the help of such lessons, schoolchildren acquire a sense of coherence and collectivism, the ability to come to the aid of friends, they develop speed of reaction, and also bring up neatness, discipline and smartness.

And now let's take a closer look at what drill training includes:

Firstly, main goal drill training at school is the development of drill bearing, accuracy, smartness and endurance in teenagers;
Secondly, to teach students the ability to quickly and correctly execute combat commands;
Thirdly, to master combat techniques with and without weapons;
Fourthly, to learn how to act in a coordinated way by units and in various formations.
Fifthly, schoolchildren must master the knowledge of basic combat terms and be able to distinguish between them.

Build and manage them

But before we get started various tricks and coordinated actions in the ranks, first let's try to figure out what the system is and what elements it consists of. And also, in the beginning, one should have learned about the order in which the commands were executed, and what duties the students should bear before building, as well as in the ranks.

A system is such an arrangement of military personnel, units and units, which is prescribed by the charter for the performance of joint actions performed on foot or in cars.

The formation consists of such elements as: flank, front, interval, backside front, as well as the distance, width and depth of formation.

Under such a concept as a flank, it is customary to mean the right or left end of the formation.

The front is the side of the formation to which the military personnel are facing. But the side opposite the front is called the back side of the system.

The distance along the front between military personnel, subunits or units is called the interval. And the distance in depth between them is considered a distance.

In the following image, we see how it is necessary to correctly observe the interval:

The width of the formation is the distance between the flanks. But the depth of the formation is the distance from the first line to the last, that is, from the soldier standing in front to the one standing behind.

This figure shows the right flank of the formation:

You should also be aware that, depending on the purpose, the formation can be deployed or marching.

The first type includes such a system in which the units are built along the front on the same line. The deployed system can be single-tier or double-tier. And, as a rule, the deployed system is used for various reviews, checks, parades, etc.

Now let's look closely at the picture. On it we see an example of a single-line system or just a line:

Now let's look at these types of tuning in more detail. A single rank deployed system is also called simply a rank. In the line, the military personnel stand in one line and adhering to a certain interval.

In a two-rank formation, soldiers are placed in two lines. That is, the soldiers of the second rank stand at a distance from the first rank at arm's length of the soldier in front. Also, it should be noted that in the case of a turn of the formation, the names of the ranks do not change, the first rank, as it was, remains the first and, accordingly, also the second.

In the following image, we can see an example of a two-legged formation:

In the event that two people stand in a two-rank formation, one to the other in the back of the head, then they make up a row.

But if the serviceman of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head of the first, then this row is called incomplete and when turning around in a two-row formation, the soldier standing in the incomplete row goes into the front rank.

In addition, the single-row and double-row system is divided into closed and open.

When building in a closed formation, the interval in the ranks between the military personnel should be equal to the width of the palm at the level of the elbows, while in an open formation such an interval along the front is equal to one step.

The following figure shows us what the distance should be:

In the case when the military personnel stand at the back of the head to each other, and in subdivisions one after the other at certain distances, which are prescribed by the charter, then such a system is called a column. Columns, as a rule, are used to build in a deployed or marching formation and can be, starting from one, two, three, etc.

And now let's figure out which system is called marching. This formation includes the one in which the unit is built in a column or several columns with a certain distance. Such a system is used for the movement of units, for example, for the passage of a solemn march and other cases.

You should also know that there is a leading and trailing soldier in the ranks. The first is the head in the indicated direction, and the rest of the servicemen direct the movement along it. Well, the closing one, respectively, carries out the movement last.

Responsibilities of military personnel before formation in the ranks

And now let's dwell on the duties that soldiers must unquestioningly perform before building:

Firstly, before building, each soldier is obliged to check his uniform and equipment, as well as the equipment assigned to him and check the serviceability of his weapons;
Second, take care of yourself. And this means that the uniform must be neatly tucked in, the equipment must be properly dressed and fitted in size, and the appearance must comply with the requirements of the charter.
Thirdly, Without fuss, be ready to build and clearly know your place in the ranks;
Fourthly, while moving in formation, strictly observe the distance and intervals, maintain alignment and not fail without a command;
Fifth, being in the ranks, observe silence, discipline. Also, carefully listen to the orders and instructions of the commander and clearly follow them;
Sixth, all signals and commands should be transmitted loudly, clearly and without distortion.

Command execution

At drill lessons, schoolchildren will master such basic elements of drill training as a drill stance, step, turns, as well as military salute techniques.

Since the drill stance is one of the main elements of drill training, students must learn how to properly perform the drill stance, because it is the starting position for all subsequent drill commands.

Therefore, when taking a combat stance, the following points should be considered:

First, when taking a combat stance, the heels should be together, and the socks should be deployed to the width of the foot;
Secondly, without undue tension, the legs at the knees must be straightened;
Thirdly, the chest should be raised, the shoulders turned, and the body should be slightly forward;
Fourthly, the arms should be lowered, while the hands are located with the palms inward and should be located on the side and in the middle of the thigh;
Fifth, the head is slightly raised, and look straight ahead.

If schoolchildren are able to correctly master the combat stance, they will be able to easily perform other commands.

And now let's look at the mistakes that are most often made when performing a combat stance:

On lessons military training in that academic year schoolchildren will learn how to clearly carry out such combatant commands as “refuel”, “equal”, “attention”, “at ease”, “put aside” and others.

When starting to execute and process these commands, students should learn the following:

Drill training is one of the main subjects of training and education of military personnel. It is organized and conducted on the basis of the Combat Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Drilling training includes:

• 1) single combat techniques without weapons and with weapons;
• 2) coordination of units during operations on foot and in vehicles;
• 3) drill reviews of units.

In the drill training classes, military personnel are instilled with accuracy, discipline and attentiveness, the ability to perform single drill techniques and actions as part of a unit is developed. The criterion for combat training of military personnel is military culture and discipline, readiness to act skillfully in the ranks and in battle.

The drill training of soldiers is improved in tactical, firearms, physical training and other classes, during formations, movements and in everyday life.

Build and manage them

For the successful implementation of techniques and actions in the ranks of military personnel, it is necessary to have an idea about the ranks, know its elements, the order in which commands are executed, and the duties before the formation and in the ranks.

The system has the following items:

• flank - the right (left) end of the system. When turning the formation, the names of the flanks do not change;
• front - the side of the formation in which the military personnel are facing (cars - with the frontal part);
• the back side of the formation is the side opposite to the front;
• interval - the distance along the front between servicemen (vehicles), subunits and units;
• distance - the distance in depth between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and units;
• line width - the distance between the flanks;
• depth of formation - the distance from the first line (in front of the standing soldier) to the last line (behind the standing soldier), and when operating on vehicles - the distance from the first line of vehicles (in front standing car) to the last line of cars (behind the standing car).

Depending on the purpose, the formations are deployed and marching.

Deployed formation - a formation in which subunits are built on the same line along the front in a one-rank or two-rank formation (in a line of vehicles) or in a line of columns at intervals established by the Charter or the commander. The deployed system is used for inspections, calculations, reviews, parades, and also in other necessary cases.

A rank (or a single-rank deployed formation) is a formation in which military personnel are placed one next to the other on the same line at established intervals.

A two-rank formation is a formation in which servicemen of one rank are located in the back of the head of a serviceman of another rank at a distance of one step (outstretched arm, palm placed on the shoulder of a standing serviceman). The ranks are called the first and second. When you turn the formation, the names of the ranks do not change.

Two servicemen, standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head to one another, make up row. If a soldier of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the first rank, such a row is called incomplete. When turning the two-rank formation around, the serviceman of the incomplete row passes into the front standing rank.

Single-row and double-row systems can be closed or open.

AT close formation military personnel in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows.

AT open formation servicemen in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander.

Marching formation - a formation in which a subunit is built in a column or subunits in columns are built one after another at distances established by the Charter or the commander. The marching formation is used for the movement of units during the march, the passage of a solemn march, with a song, as well as in other necessary cases.

A column is a formation in which servicemen are located at the back of each other's heads, and subunits (vehicles) are one after the other at distances established by the Charter or by the commander.

Columns can be one, two, three, four or more. Columns are used to build subunits and units in a deployed or marching formation.

A serviceman (unit, vehicle) moving head in the indicated direction is guiding(the rest of the servicemen (subdivisions, vehicles) coordinate their movement along the guide), and the serviceman (unit, vehicle) moving last in the column is called closing.

Formation control is carried out by commands and orders, which are given by the commander by voice, signals and personal example, as well as transmitted using technical and mobile means.

Commands and orders can be transmitted along the column through the commanders of subunits (senior vehicles) and designated observers.

Control in the car is carried out by commands and orders given by voice and with the help of internal communications.

The team is divided into preliminary and executive; commands can be and only executive.

Preliminary command is served clearly, loudly and drawlingly, so that those in the ranks understand what actions the commander requires of them. At any preliminary command, servicemen in the ranks take a combat stance, move to a combat stance while on the move, and out of formation turn towards the commander and take a combat stance.

When performing tricks with weapons in the preliminary command, if necessary, the name of the weapon is indicated. For example: "Automatic machines on - CHEST". "Machine guns on - re-MEN", etc.

Executive Team served after a pause, loudly, abruptly and clearly. On the executive command, its immediate and exact execution is carried out.

In order to attract the attention of a unit or an individual soldier, the name of the unit or the rank and surname of the soldier is called in the preliminary command, if necessary. For example: "Platoon (3rd platoon) - STOP." "Private Petrov, Kru-GOM."

To cancel or stop the execution of the reception, the command "STOP" is given. This command accepts the position that was before the reception was performed.

Each serviceman is obliged to firmly know, skillfully and conscientiously fulfill his duties before formation and in the ranks.

Before building, a soldier must:

• 1) check the serviceability of their weapons, weapons and military equipment assigned to them, ammunition, personal protective equipment, entrenching tools, uniforms and equipment;
• 2) carefully fill the uniform, put on and adjust the equipment correctly, help a friend eliminate the noticed shortcomings.

In the ranks, a soldier must:

• know your place, be able to quickly, without fuss, take it;
• in motion, maintain alignment, established interval and distance;
• comply with safety requirements;
• not to break down (machines) without permission;
• in the ranks without permission, do not talk or smoke;
• be attentive to the orders and commands of your commander, quickly and accurately carry them out without interfering with others;
• transmit orders, commands without distortion, loudly and clearly.

Questions and tasks

• 1. Tell us about the elements of the system.
• 2. What system is called deployed (marching)?
• 3. Define the terms "line", "row", "column".
• 4. How is the formation controlled?
• 5. What are the preliminary and executive teams for? What actions do military personnel perform on a preliminary (executive) command?
• 6. List the duties of a soldier before building and in the ranks.

Drill.

Outline plan

conduct drill training

with __ platoon of military training.

Topic: Combat techniques and movement without weapons.

Occupation: Build and manage them. Teams, order of submission. Duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks. Construction stand.

 to acquaint trainees with the concept of the system, with the elements of the system, with the order of giving and executing commands;

 to teach trainees to take their place in the standing, combat stance, to execute commands according to Construction Charter;

 to instill in trainees a love for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, for drill training.

Venue: parade ground.

Method of conducting the lesson: practical.

Time: 50 min.

Study questions:

1. The concept of the system.

2. Commands and the order of their submission.

3. Duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks.

4. Combat stand. Execution of commands.

Lesson progress:

I. Introductory part.

 Checking the availability of personnel;

 Checking readiness for the lesson;

 Announcement of the purpose and topic of the lesson.

II. Main part.

Question.

The concept of the system.

Classes on this topic are usually held as part of a squad (platoon) under the guidance of a commander. Having built a platoon (company) in one line, the commander disables the squad and, placing it in one line in front of the line, announces the topic and content of the lesson, defines the elements of the line. Build - the deployment of military personnel, subunits and units established by the Charter for their joint actions on foot and in vehicles. The commander offers one or two trainees to repeat the definition of the formation, then proceeds to determine its elements.

line- systems in which military personnel (trained) are placed one next to the other on the same line at established intervals.

Pointing to the formation, the commander says: “The formation in which you are now standing is a deployed one-rank formation,” after which he tells, shows and gives definitions: the flank and front of the formation, the rear side of the formation, the interval and width of the formation.

flank - right and left ends of the line. When turning the formation, the names of the flanks do not change.

Front - the side of the formation in which the military (trained) are facing.

Back side of the system the side opposite the front.

Interval- the distance along the front between military personnel (trainees), subunits and units.

The commander needs to emphasize that in the close formation, in which the soldiers are now, the interval between the elbows of those standing next to them should be equal to the width of the palm.

System Width- the distance between the flanks.

After explaining and showing the elements of a single-rank formation, the commander rebuilds the squad into a two-rank formation and gives its definition.

In a two-rank formation, the servicemen of one line are located in the back of the head of the servicemen of the other line at a distance of one step (outstretched arm).

The commander suggests checking the distance between the ranks, for which the trainees of the second rank, stretching out their hand (left), put their palm on the shoulder of the person in front. In a two-rank formation, the ranks are called the first and second. When you turn the formation, their name does not change.

Row- two servicemen standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head to one another. If a soldier of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the first rank, such a row is called incomplete; the last row must be complete.

The commander explains that when the two-rank system turns around, the one who is in an incomplete row goes into the front row. It should also be emphasized that if there are less than four people in the ranks, then they are built in only one line.

Two-rank system and its elements.

To show an open formation, the commander breaks the two rank formation and explains that in the open formation, the trainees in the ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander.

Then the commander puts questions to the trainees, checking how they have learned the material they have learned. Questions can be: “What is a formation?”, “Define the flank and front of the formation”, “What is the interval and distance?”, “What can be a one-rank and two-rank formation?”, “Do the names of the flanks change when the formation turns ? etc.

After making sure that the trainees have mastered the positions of the deployed formation and its elements, the commander proceeds to training.

During training, the commander can make sure that the practiced positions are mastered.

After that, he proceeds to show the marching formation.

marching formation- a formation in which the unit is built in a column or units in columns are built one after the other at distances established by the Charter or by order of the commander.

The squad leader, having built the trainees in a column one at a time, explains that the column is a formation in which the military personnel are located at the back of each other's heads. Columns can be one, two, three, four or more. Columns are used to build subunits and units in a marching or deployed formation. The commander indicates that the squad is built in a column one by one, two by two.

Naming the elements of the march formation, the commander gives their definition.

guide- a serviceman moving head in the indicated direction. The rest of the military personnel (trainees) coordinate their movement along the guide.

trailing- a soldier (unit) moving last in the column.
Distance- the distance in depth between military personnel, subunits and units.

Depth- the distance from the first rank (in front of the standing soldier) to the last rank (behind the standing soldier).

After showing the marching formations and their elements, the commander checks the assimilation by asking approximately the following questions: “What formation is called marching?”, “What is called the depth of the formation?” etc. After making sure that the soldiers have mastered this section, the commander proceeds to study the next training issue.

Question.

Commands and the order in which they are given.

Before proceeding with the study of commands, the commander must tell the trainees about their purpose and show how to correctly execute the commands. He says that commands serve to control formations, are given, as a rule, by voice, as well as signals and personal example.

To get acquainted with the commands, the commander practically gives several commands by voice and signals, but so far does not require their implementation.

The team is divided into preliminary and executive; there can be only executive commands.

Preliminary command is served clearly, loudly and drawlingly, so that those in the ranks understand what actions the commander requires of them.

According to a preliminary command, those who are in the ranks and out of the ranks in place take the position “at attention”, and those who are in motion put their foot firmly.

Executive Team served after a pause, loudly, abruptly and clearly. The executive command is immediately and accurately carried out.

To attract the attention of the trainee, the name of the unit or the name of the trainee is called in the preliminary command. For example, "Platoon - STOP!", "Second squad, step - MARCH", "Comrade Ivanov, around" and so on.

After the explanation, the commander gives several executive commands, for example: "STAND UP", "AT ATTENTION", "ALERT", "FUEL FUEL", "STOP", etc., and requires the trainees to fulfill them.

In conclusion, the commander explains that in order to cancel the reception (action) or to terminate it, the command "RESET" is given; tells and shows that on command « STOP » the position in which the trainee was before the execution of the reception is accepted.

Question.

Duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks.

Having told about the appointment of commands and showing the order of their submission and execution, one should proceed to the study of the duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks. But first, it is necessary to explain to the trainees the requirements of the Combat Regulations for soldiers before formation and in the ranks.

"St. 26. A soldier (sailor) is obliged:

Check the serviceability of their weapons, assigned to them military and other equipment, ammunition, individual means of chemical protection, entrenching tools, uniforms and equipment;

Carefully refuel uniforms, properly put on and fit equipment, help a friend eliminate noticed shortcomings;

Know your place in the ranks, be able to quickly, without fuss, take it; in motion, maintain alignment, set interval and distance; not to break down (machines) without permission;

In the ranks without permission, do not talk, do not smoke; be attentive to the orders and commands of your commander, quickly and accurately carry them out without interfering with others;

Transmit orders, commands without distortion, loudly and clearly.

Trainees must know the 26th article of the Construction Regulations by heart.

During the lesson, the commander must check the accuracy and correct fitting of uniforms, accustom cadets to mutual assistance in eliminating shortcomings found in appearance; one should check the knowledge of one's place in the ranks and the observance of discipline in the ranks, as well as the ability to transmit orders.

The accuracy and correctness of fitting uniforms are checked as follows: the commander builds the trainees in one line, bypasses the formation from the right flank and checks each one individually: whether the uniforms are properly tucked in, how the headgear is put on, etc. Deficiencies are noted and eliminated right there.

Using the examples of neatly and sloppily dressed trainees, the commander explains the requirements of the Combat Regulations and shows the procedure for eliminating shortcomings: on himself or on one or two trainees, he demonstrates how to properly refuel uniforms, put on a hat, etc.

Finishing the lesson, the commander makes a brief analysis and gives the task for the next lesson. The task may be as follows: to study Art. 26-28 of the Combat Charter. At the same time, the commander recommends repeating the material covered, for which he suggests studying art. 1 - 23 and 25 of the Combat Charter.

4. Question.

Construction stand. Command execution

In accordance with the existing program, the lesson will study the combat stance and improve in the execution of the commands: “STAND UP”, “QUIETLY”, “ALERT”, “FUEL FUEL”, “HEADWEAR - REMOVE”, “HEADWEAR - PUT ON”, “STAND OFF” .

Art. 27. The combat stance is taken on the command “Become” or “Attention”. At this command, stand straight, without tension, put the heels together, align the socks along the front line, placing them on the width of the foot; straighten the legs at the knees, but do not strain; lift the chest, and the whole body slightly forward; pick up the stomach; expand shoulders; lower your hands so that the hands, palms facing inward, are on the side and in the middle of the thighs, and the fingers are half-bent and touch the thigh; keep your head high and straight, without exposing your chin; look straight ahead; be ready for immediate action.

The study of the combat stance begins with an exemplary demonstration by its commander; while the trainees should see it from the front side. Then the commander tells the trainees on what commands and in what cases the combat stance is taken, and shows the order of its adoption by division, briefly explaining the implementation of each of its elements. After that, he orders the cadets to take the combat stance on their own and checks each of them, noting the shortcomings, and then proceeds to learn the combat stance by elements. It is advisable to start with preparatory exercises to develop the correct setting of the body, legs, arms, shoulders and head.

To perform this exercise, the command “Bring the socks together, do it ONCE”, “Spread the socks, do it - TWO”, “Bring the socks together, do it ONCE”, etc. When giving the command, the squad leader monitors the width of the breeding socks and along the way corrects errors. Looking down at the same time, trainees are not allowed. When the trainees perform the exercise several times under the general command, the squad leader orders them to start independent training. The squad leader and the platoon leader at this time check the performance of the exercise for each cadet in turn and give instructions on how to eliminate the mistakes they make.

Construction stand.

Having worked out the first exercise, the commander shows the second preparatory exercise - “Raise the chest, pick up the stomach, expand the shoulders - Do it - ONE, Do it - TWO (take the “Free” position).

To lift the chest, you need to take a deep breath, hold the chest in this position, exhale and continue breathing with the chest raised. At the moment of lifting the chest, the stomach is selected, the shoulders are turned, the arms are lowered so that the hands, facing the palms - inward, are on the side and in the middle of the thighs, and the fingers are half-bent and touch the thigh.

To move the whole body slightly forward, you need to rise on your toes, and then, without changing the inclination of the body, lower yourself on the entire foot:

It is recommended to show the position of the body in the combat position with the help of a mirror. To do this, it is necessary to build a squad in front of the mirror in one line and order, suppose, the first numbers to take a combat stoic, and the second numbers to stand in the “at ease” position. In this case, the difference between the combat stance and the “at ease” position will be clearly noticeable.

After working out the preparatory exercises, the squad leader proceeds to training in the performance of the combat stance as a whole.

To check whether the military personnel take the combat position correctly, it is necessary to give the command “Attention”, and after that - the command “Raise the toes”. If any of the trainees did not take the combat stance correctly, the body of the body was not slightly forward, then they will easily perform this action. Those who have taken the combat stance correctly will not be able to raise their toes, which means that the combat stance is taken correctly.

After the trainees will correctly take the combat stance, the commander teaches them to execute the commands: "FILL" and "REFUEL". Before the command "REFUEL", you must always give the command "WITHOUT".

At the command "FREE", you need to stand up freely, weaken the right knee or left leg, but do not leave the place, and do not weaken your attention and do not talk.

On the command "REFUEL", without leaving your place in the ranks, fix your weapons, uniforms and equipment.

If you need to get out of order, ask your immediate supervisor for permission.

On the command “STAND”, the trainees take their place in the ranks, take a combat stance, and the commander goes in front of the ranks and checks the trainees. After making sure that the combat stance is taken correctly, the commander gives the command "FREE" and monitors how it is carried out. Correcting mistakes and * having given this command several more times for training, the commander proceeds to practice the execution of the command "REFILL".

Giving several times the commands “GET STANDING”, “FILL”, “REFUEL”, the commander achieves their correct and precise execution. In the future, the skills in performing a combat stance and actions on the commands “FILL” and “REFUEL” are improved in all classes.

For training, various formations should be made, giving commands, for example: “Squad, DISCHARGE”, “Squad and one line - BECOME”, “FILL”, “FUEL”, etc.

On the command "Headgear - REMOVE" without a weapon or with a weapon in the "behind the back" position, remove the headgear with your right hand, pass it to left hand and lower your right hand. Keep the removed headgear in the left freely lowered hand with a star (cockade) forward.

At the command "Headgear _ - PUT" pass the headgear to the right hand, put it on and lower the hand.

Removing and putting on a headgear with a weapon in the position “on the belt” and “on the chest” is carried out with the left hand.

Concept educational work in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation states that, despite the development of military equipment and weapons, the decisive role in the war still belongs to man, his military spirit and ability to fight. Any brave man can get confused in a real combat situation, make a wrong move in the confusion, and this mistake can turn into a disaster. To prevent this from happening, drill training is required, which brings up the ability to quickly respond to orders and brings all the actions of a fighter to automaticity. As experienced fighters who have passed hot spots say, good level drill forms a set of signals that the soldier performs automatically and understands without explanation. “Without properly delivered drill training, it is difficult to achieve clear actions for soldiers in modern combat. Now, when subunits and units are saturated with complex equipment, when the role of collective weapons in combat has increased significantly, the level of combat training should be especially high, ”the Concept of Educational Work in the RF Armed Forces states.