The company on an armored personnel carrier includes three motorized rifle platoon(MSV). Each platoon has 32 personnel and each platoon has a control group of 6 people.

In addition, the company on the armored personnel carrier includes an anti-tank squad from the staff of the battalion's grenade launcher platoon. The PTO consists of 9 people who have the following weapons:

• Anti-tank missile system (ATGM "Metis") on the armored personnel carrier 80 - 3 units,
• "Kalashnikov" AK74 - 6 units;
• Armored personnel carrier (APC) - 1 unit,
• Vinogradov heavy machine gun, mounted on an armored personnel carrier (marking KPV) - 1 unit,
• Tank Kalashnikov machine gun, stands on an armored personnel carrier (PKT marking) - 1 unit.

Armament of the MSR on the armored personnel carrier

The armament of the fighters of the company consists of squad weapons and additional armament of the company, namely:

• Kalashnikov machine gun (PKM) - 4 units;
• Dragunov sniper rifles (SVD) - 12 units;
• Kalashnikov machine gun manual (RPK 74) - 9 units,
• "Kalashnikov" AK74 - 76 units;
• Grenade launchers (RPG-7) - 9 units;
• Anti-tank missile system (ATGM) - 6 units;
• Armored personnel carriers (APCs) - 11 units.
• Heavy machine gun Vinogradov (KPV) - 11 units, are on the armored personnel carrier,
• Machine gun Kalashnikov tank (PKT) - 11 units. They are on the armored personnel carrier.

Ticket number 8

Organization and armament of a motorized rifle company on an infantry fighting vehicle.

Motorized Rifle Company on BMP-2 from the staff of the regiment

Company management - 10 people, move on two infantry fighting vehicles, namely:

• The company commander is also the commander of the first BMP;
• Deputy company commander for personnel;
• Company foreman;
• Sanitary instructor;
• SBR radar operator (short-range reconnaissance radar);
• Commander of the second BMP;
• Two senior driver-mechanics;
• Two gunners.

The control group is moving on two infantry fighting vehicles from 11 infantry fighting vehicles of the platoon.

The first BMP is the company commander's vehicle. The crew of the vehicle: the company commander, he is also the commander of the infantry fighting vehicle, the driver, he is also the senior company driver, operator - gunner.

I am an infantry fighting vehicle of a company, crew: commander of an infantry fighting vehicle, he is also a senior technician of the company, a driver, a gunner.

In addition to the crew in these 2 infantry fighting vehicles, the companies in the troop compartment transport:

• sanitary instructors;
• Anti-tank squad AGS-17 from the grenade platoon of the battalion,
• Department of MANPADS from the air defense platoon of the battalion,
• A communications unit or several radio operators from a battalion control platoon.

Armament of the directorate of a motorized rifle company on an infantry fighting vehicle as part of a regiment

• AK74 - 10 units;
• BMP-2 - 2 units;
• 30 mm cannon on infantry fighting vehicles (2A42) - 2 units;
• Tank Kalashnikov machine guns (PKT) - 2 units,
• Anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM) - 2 units.

The main composition of the company on the BMP

In addition to the control group, the company includes:

3 platoons of 30 fighters and 6 control people each. Total in the company as part of the regiment: 100 people.

Main armament:

• PKM machine gun - 3 units;
• SVD rifle - 3 units;
• machine gun RPK 74 - 9 units;
• AK 74 assault rifle - 76 units;
• grenade launcher RPG-7v - 9 units;
• BMP vehicle - 11 units;
• 30-mm guns (2A42) - 11 units (on BMP);
• PKT machine gun - 11 units (for infantry fighting vehicles);
• ATGM missile system - 11 units (for infantry fighting vehicles).

Ticket number 9

Organization and armament of a tank company.

A tank company consists of a company headquarters and three tank platoons.

The management of the company includes:

company commander;

Deputy company commander for educational work;

Deputy company commander;

The foreman of the company

tank commander

senior mechanic - company driver.

A tank platoon is part of a tank company. It consists of three tank crews.

The crew consists of 3 people:

tank commander (PM);

gunner-operator (PM);

· driver-mechanic (AKSU).

Ticket number 10

Types of combat operations and characteristics of modern combined arms combat.

THE ESSENCE OF MODERN COMBAT BATTLE AND ITS CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES. CONDITIONS FOR ACHIEVING SUCCESS IN COMBAT. TYPES OF COMBAT AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS Modern combined-arms combat is the main form of tactical actions of troops, it is organized and coordinated in purpose, place and time strikes, fire and maneuvers of formations, units and subunits for the purpose of destruction (rout) the enemy, repelling his attacks and performing other tasks in a limited area for a short time. The purpose of the battle is the destruction or capture of the enemy's manpower, the destruction and capture of his weapons, military equipment and the suppression of the ability to further resistance. It is achieved by powerful strikes of all types of weapons, the timely use of their results, and the active and decisive actions of subunits. Combat can be combined arms, anti-aircraft, air and sea. Combined-arms combat is organized and conducted by the joint efforts of all participating in non-arms forces using tanks, infantry fighting vehicles (APCs), artillery, air defense systems, aircraft, helicopters. The characteristic features of modern combined arms combat are: decisiveness; high tension; the transience and dynamism of hostilities; ground-air nature of hostilities; simultaneous powerful fire impact on the entire depth of the formation of the opposing sides; the use of various methods of performing combat missions; quick transition from one type of activity to another; difficult radio environment. Success in combat largely depends on courage, steadfastness, courage, the will to win, moral qualities and the level of training of people, weapons and military equipment. Modern combined-arms combat requires from the troops participating in it continuous reconnaissance, skillful use of weapons, equipment, means of protection and camouflage, high mobility and organization. This is achieved through high combat training, conscious performance of one's military duty, steadfastness, bravery, bravery and readiness of personnel to achieve complete victory over the enemy in any conditions. Experience shows that success is always on the side of those who are brave in battle, who constantly show creativity, intelligent initiative, apply new techniques and methods of action, and dictate their will to the enemy. Reproach deserves not the one who, in an effort to destroy the enemy, did not achieve his goal, but the one who showed inactivity, indecision and did not use all the possibilities to complete the task. The main principles of conducting modern combined arms combat are: constant high combat readiness of subunits; high activity, determination and continuity of combat; surprise actions, constant and clear interaction, decisive concentration of the main efforts of subunits in the main direction and at the right time; combination of fire with movement, extensive use of maneuver by subunits and fire; taking into account and using moral and psychological factors in the interests of fulfilling the assigned task; Comprehensive combat support, firm and continuous control of units. The main type of combined arms combat is defense and offensive. At the beginning of the war, defense will be the most important and most common form of combat. Defense can be carried out forcedly or deliberately in order to repel an enemy offensive, inflict losses on him, hold the occupied territory and create favorable conditions for the transition of friendly troops to the offensive. It will be widely used not only at the beginning, but also at the beginning of the war. But it is impossible to achieve victory by defense alone. The offensive is carried out in order to completely defeat the enemy and consists in the fire defeat of the enemy, a decisive attack, the rapid advance of troops, and the capture of important areas of the terrain. Most typical for units and subunits at the beginning of a war will be going over to the offensive under conditions of direct contact with the enemy, as a rule, from a defensive position.

Ticket number 11

Strikes, fire and maneuver, types of fire and maneuver.

A strike is a simultaneous defeat of enemy troops and objects by a powerful impact on them with all available means or troops. The types of impacts are shown in Fig. 2.3.1. Fire is the simultaneous defeat of the enemy by firing from various types of weapons. It is carried out with the task of destroying, suppressing and exhausting the enemy or destroying his objects. Types of fire are shown in fig. 2.3.2. Maneuver is the organized movement of troops during a battle in order to occupy an advantageous position in relation to the enemy and create the necessary grouping of forces and means, as well as the transfer or redirection of strikes and fire for the most effective defeat of the enemy. The types of maneuver are envelopment, detour, withdrawal and maneuver with strikes and fire (Fig. 2.3.3). Envelopment - a maneuver carried out by subunits in order to reach out to hit the flank of the enemy. Bypass - a deeper maneuver performed by subunits to strike the enemy from the rear. Withdrawal is a maneuver used in order to withdraw one's troops from the blows of superior enemy forces, gain time and occupy a more advantageous line. Withdrawal is carried out only by permission or order of the senior commander. The maneuver of strikes and fire consists in their simultaneous or sequential massaging (concentration) on the most important objects of the enemy, as well as in redirecting them to new objects. The leading role in combined arms combat belongs to motorized rifle and tank subunits. Depending on the situation, they can operate in marching, pre-battle and combat formations. Marching order - the construction of units for movement in columns. It is used on the march during the pursuit, during the maneuver and must ensure high speed of movement, rapid deployment in pre-battle and combat formations. Pre-battle order - the construction of units, carried out in order to reduce the time to deploy in battle formation, less vulnerability to attacks by all types of weapons. Order of battle - the formation of units for combat. For the purpose of greater independence in the conduct of combat, motorized rifle and tank subunits are attached to or allocated to support subunits of other combat arms. TYPES OF MANEUVERS

Ticket number 12

Orientation on the ground without a map. The choice and use of landmarks in determining and indicating their location and detected targets.

Motorized rifle battalion of the Russian army consists of control battalion a, headquarters, combat units and support units. The composition of the motorized rifle battalion but little has changed since the Soviet era, and all the changes are not of a fundamental nature. The main changes affected larger structures: instead of regiments and divisions, brigades appeared, which are now combined into corps.
To the combat units of the motorized rifle battalion but are
three motorized rifle companies;
mortar battery;
anti-tank platoon;
grenade launcher platoon;
anti-aircraft missile platoon.
In addition, the motorized rifle battalion has service and support units:
communications platoon;
support platoon;
battalion medical station
The battalion command includes the battalion commander - usually a major or lieutenant colonel, his deputy for personnel and weapons.

Headquarters battalion but includes the chief of staff (he is also the deputy commander battalion a) chief of communications battalion and (he is also the commander of a communications platoon), an instructor chemist (ensign) and a clerk (private).
The communications platoon is designed to organize radio and wire communications in units battalion a.
The communications platoon consists of a commander's armored personnel carrier (the squad leader is also a senior radiotelephone operator, an armored personnel carrier driver) and two radio squads, each consisting of a squad leader, a senior radio master of a low-power radio station in the first squad and a senior radiotelephonist in the second squad, an armored personnel carrier-electromechanic driver in the first squad and the driver of an armored personnel carrier in the second compartment.
In total, there are 13 people in the communication platoon of personnel, 1 command armored personnel carriers, 2 wheeled armored personnel carriers, 22 radio stations, 8 km of cable.
A motorized rifle company is a tactical unit that performs tasks, as a rule, as part of the SME, but can also perform tasks independently in reconnaissance and security, as a tactical airborne assault force or a special detachment behind enemy lines.

The mortar battery is designed to suppress and destroy manpower and firepower located openly, in trenches and dugouts, on the reverse slopes of heights and ravines. Depending on the nature of the target, the duration of firing and the consumption of shells, it can suppress manpower in a section of 2-4 hectares and conduct barrage fire at the front up to 400 m.
A mortar battery consists of: a battery control (battery commander, deputy for political affairs, foreman, medical instructor, senior driver), control platoon (platoon commander, reconnaissance department, communications department), two firing platoons (each with four). In total, in the mortar battery: personnel - 66 people, radio stations - 4, mortars - 8, tractors - 8, cables - 4 km. True, recently, instead of two platoons, mortar batteries consist of three platoons, the first two of which are armed with three 2B14 "Tray", and the third three. Sometimes included in battalion and the self-propelled battery of mortars turns on. It consists of two platoons of four installations.

As part of the Serdyukov-Taburetkin reform, it was planned to generally replace all mortars with six 2S34 Khosta self-propelled howitzers, a modernized version of the well-known one, but now this issue is up in the air.

An anti-tank platoon is an artillery fire unit designed to destroy enemy tanks and other armored vehicles. It can also be used to destroy other enemy fire weapons, including those located in fortifications.
An anti-tank platoon consists of a platoon control (platoon commander, deputy platoon commander, 2 machine gunners, senior driver, driver), three ATGM squads and three grenade launcher squads.

The ATGM squad consists of a squad leader (he is also a senior operator), a senior operator, two operators, a machine gunner, a senior driver and a driver of the launch complex or 9M113M Konkurs M.
The grenade launcher compartment consists of a squad leader, a grenade launcher commander, a grenade launcher gunner, and two gun numbers. SPG-9M-1 grenade launchers.
In total, there are 42 people in the anti-tank platoon of personnel, 9K11-6 ATGM launchers, SPG-9M grenade launchers - 3, - 5.

An anti-tank platoon is available only in battalion e, whose motorized rifle companies are equipped with ami. In the company, each combat vehicle is equipped with its own. Instead of an anti-tank platoon, the company did not include a machine gun platoon, consisting of two machine gun squads of three company machine guns each.

A grenade launcher platoon is designed to destroy enemy manpower and firepower located outside shelters, in open trenches (trenches) and behind terrain folds.
A grenade launcher platoon consists of a platoon commander, a deputy platoon commander, those squads (in each squad leader, 2 senior grenade launcher gunners, 2 grenade launcher gunners, a machine gunner, a senior driver or driver).
In total, there are 26 people in the grenade launcher platoon of personnel, 30-mm automatic grenade launchers -17-6, - 3.
An anti-aircraft missile platoon is designed to destroy enemy aircraft, helicopters, unmanned vehicles and airborne assault forces at low and medium altitudes.
A platoon consists of a platoon leader, a deputy platoon leader (also known as a squad leader), three squads (each squad leader, 2 anti-aircraft gunners, a machine gunner, a senior driver and a driver).
In total, there are 16 people in the platoon of personnel, launchers "Strela-2M" or "Needle" - 9, -3.

Medical Center battalion a designed to collect the wounded in battalion e and their evacuation, as well as to provide medical care. The platoon consists of the head of the medical center (ensign), a medical instructor, two orderlies, a senior driver, and three orderly drivers. The first-aid post has four cars and a trailer 1-AP-1.5.
The support platoon is designed for uninterrupted logistics, maintenance of the current repair of military and transport equipment battalion a,
The platoon consists of a platoon commander (ensign) and a deputy platoon commander (aka squad leader), from the maintenance department, the automobile department, and the economic department.

In Soviet times in battalion there was a reconnaissance platoon and an engineering platoon, but they are not provided for by the current states.
The maintenance department consists of a department commander, a senior autoelectromechanic-battery operator, a car mechanic (fitter), a car mechanic driver.
The department has: personnel - 4 people, a workshop for servicing vehicles MTO-AT-1, ZIL-131, ZIL-157 under MTO-AT-1.
The automobile section consists of a section commander (he is also a deputy platoon commander), 3 senior drivers and 5 drivers. The department has: personnel - 9 people, GAZ-66 trucks for personal belongings and property of the company - 3; trucks GAZ-66 for kitchens and groceries - 4; trucks - 9, RPK -27, machine guns - 352, RPG - 33, trucks - 20.
In motorized rifle battalion That is, there are 462 personnel, 120-mm mortars - 8, - 6, Strela-2M anti-aircraft launchers - 9, - 42, BMP-2K - 1, - 18, RPK - 27, machine guns - 315, RPG -7-39.

The organizational and staffing structure of the units of a motorized rifle company (see diagram 1).

Company management:

• company commander;
• deputy company commander (ZKR);
• senior company technician (StT);
• foreman of the company (s-on);

Total in company management: 4 people

Company management department:

• senior driver (St MB);
• driver (MB);
• gunner-operator (BUT);
• gunner-operator (BUT);
• commander of the department of management (KO-KBM);
• senior radiotelephonist (StRtlf);
• radiotelephonist (RTLF);

• SBR operator (O SBR);
• medical instructor (San Yi);

Total in the department of company management: Personnel 9 people;

BMP-2 - 2 units

Motorized rifle platoon:

• platoon leader (KB);
• Deputy Platoon Leader (ZKV);
• sniper (SN);
• gunner (H);
• calculation number (HP);
• shooter-medic (SSan).
• squad leader - BM commander (KO-KBM) - 3 people;
• gunner-operator (BUT) - 3 people;
• driver (MB) -3 people;
• senior shooter (SS) - 3 people;
• machine gunner (P) - 3 people;
• sniper (SN) - 3 people;
• grenade launcher (SG) - 3 people;
• shooter assistant grenade launcher (SPG) - 3 people.

Total in the platoon: Personnel - 30 people;

BMP-2 - 3 units

Motorized rifle department:

• squad leader - BM commander (KO-KBM) - 1 person;
• gunner-operator (BUT) - 1 person - (AKS-74);
• driver (MB) - 1 person - (AKS - 74U);
• senior shooter (SS) - 1 person - (AK - 74);
• machine gunner (P) - 1 person - (RPK-74);
• sniper (CH) - 1 person (SVD);
• grenade launcher (SG) - 1 person (RPG-7);
• shooter assistant grenade launcher (SPG) - 1 person (AK-74).

Total in the department: 10 people;

BMP-2 - 1 unit

Total in the company:

• personnel - 103 people;
• BMP-2 - 11 units;
• ATGM launcher - 11 pieces;
• AK-74 assault rifle - 48 pieces;
• automatic AKS-74 - 11 pieces;
• automatic AKS-74U - 11 pieces;
• pistol PM - 7 pieces;
• SVD sniper rifle - 12 pieces;
• light machine gun RPK-74 - 9 pieces;
• PK machine gun - 3 pieces
• grenade launcher RPG-7 - 9 pieces;
• grenade launcher GP-25 - 29 pieces.

Combat and technical characteristics, combat properties of the BMP-2

The infantry fighting vehicle BMP-2 is designed to increase the armament, security and mobility of motorized rifle units operating on the battlefield under normal conditions or under the conditions of the use of nuclear weapons.

The BMP-2 infantry fighting vehicle is a tracked amphibious combat vehicle with armament, armor protection and high mobility, armed with a 30 mm 2A42 automatic cannon with dual-belt feed, stabilized in two planes, a PKT machine gun coaxial with a 7.62 mm cannon and a launcher for fight against armored targets from the car and outside it.

The vehicle is equipped with devices designed to protect the crew, troops and equipment inside the vehicle from the impact of a shock wave and penetrating radiation during the explosion of nuclear weapons, to protect against chemical and biological weapons, as well as to protect the crew and troops from radioactive dust when the vehicle moves through radioactive infected area. These devices constitute the system of protection against weapons of mass destruction.

To set up smoke screens for the purpose of camouflage, the vehicle is equipped with thermal smoke equipment and a smoke grenade launch system.

To extinguish a fire in the car there is a fire-fighting equipment.

For minesweeping, minesweeping equipment can be installed on the machine.

The machine can overcome water obstacles afloat, using a caterpillar mover for movement, and is also adapted for airborne landing.

Combat characteristics of the 30 mm automatic gun

The 30 mm automatic cannon is designed to engage lightly armored targets at a range of up to 1500 m with ATGMs, unarmored weapons and enemy manpower at ranges of up to 4000 m, as well as to fire at air targets flying at altitudes up to 2000 m at subsonic speeds and slant ranges 2500 m

The principle of operation of the 30 mm automatic gun is based on the removal of part of the powder gases through a transverse hole in the barrel. And the hole is not adjustable. The mass of the gun 2A42 is 115 kg, the mass of the barrel is 40 kg. Vitality - 6000 shots.

The powerful cannon mount of 30 mm caliber was borrowed from the ground forces and completely unified in terms of ammunition used with the BMP-2 infantry fighting vehicle. The 2A42 gun has a variable tempo firing and selective ammunition from two cartridge boxes equipped with armor-piercing and high-explosive fragmentation shells. This made it possible to increase the effectiveness of hitting lightly armored ground and air targets by 30%. The combat survivability of the barrel allows firing the entire ammunition load (500 rounds) without delays and intermediate cooling. Both on the BMP-2 and on the army combat helicopter, the gun mount works reliably in dusty conditions (see Table 3).

Table 3

30mm. automatic rapid-fire gun 2F42.

Mobile gun brand
Caliber, mm
Ammunition cartridges (Ka-50)
Rate of fire, rds / min.	single 200-300/800
Installation weight, kg
ammunition supply	Br and OF (tape)
Projectile weight, kg
The initial velocity of the projectile,
Sighting range, m

Combat characteristics of PTK "Competition"

To combat armored targets at ranges from 75 m to 4000 m, a ATGM (anti-tank missile system) of the second generation 9M113M "Konkurs" is installed on the tower (see Table 4).

Table 4

Combat characteristics of small arms

and grenade launchers (see table. 5)

Table 5

Type of weapon	Caliber mm	Sighting range	combat rate of fire	Initial bullet speed		Bullet kill range

Introduction

The change in the military-political situation in modern conditions, the decrease in the level of military confrontation inevitably affects the main components of military development, including the development of the Armed Forces. Reformation is underway, the tasks of the branches of the Armed Forces, their structure, organization of formations, formations and units, including internal troops, are being reviewed, taking into account the historically justified principles for the development of the organization of troops, the necessary balance between the composition of formations and units in peacetime and wartime, the composition and the possible nature of the actions of a potential adversary; physical and geographical conditions of strategic and operational areas; economic opportunities of the country.

Modern combined-arms combat is conducted by the combined efforts of all troops participating in it. However, the main role in achieving victory in combined arms combat belongs to motorized rifle and tank subunits. Only they are able to complete the defeat of the enemy and capture his territory. In the interests of fulfilling these tasks, units of other branches of the armed forces are fighting and interacting with them.

Organization and armament of a grenade launcher platoon.

A platoon of automatic grenade launchers is a powerful subdivision of the battalion and is designed to destroy enemy manpower and fire weapons located openly, in trenches (trenches) and behind terrain folds.

Grenade launchers are especially effective in repelling enemy motorized infantry attacks in front of the front line of defense and repelling his counterattacks during the offensive.

It is able to suppress the enemy's manpower in an area up to 1000m 2, to put barrage fire at the turn up to 100m.

To calculate the area of ​​​​continuous destruction, the radius of expansion of grenade fragments is taken, equal to 7m.

Damage area (PR 2) with one grenade launcher is equal to: 3.4 x 7 x 7m = 150m 2.

In battle, a grenade launcher platoon uses two types of fire: concentrated and barrage. Range of fire from 300m to 1700m.

grenade launcher platoon consists of management - 2 people. (platoon commander, deputy platoon commander) and three squads (in each squad leader, two senior grenade launcher gunners, two grenade launcher gunners, an armored personnel carrier machine gunner, a senior driver or driver). In total, in a platoon of personnel - 26 people, 30mm AGS-17 - 6 units, armored personnel carrier - 3 units.

TTX AGS-17 "Flame"

Caliber - 30mm

Firing range - 1700m

Combat rate of fire: max - 350-450 high / min

min - 50 - 100 h/min

Transfer time to combat position - 30-40 seconds

Calculation - 2 people

Ammunition - 200 VOG-17

The gunner of an automatic grenade launcher must:

Know the device, techniques and rules of firing from an automatic grenade launcher and constantly maintain it in combat readiness;

Destroy the detected targets at the command of the squad leader or independently and report on the results of the shooting;

Systematically check the condition of the automatic grenade launcher, carry out its maintenance, immediately eliminate the detected malfunctions and report this to the squad leader;

Know the duties of calculation officials and, if necessary, skillfully fulfill them;

Know the duties of the squad leader and, if necessary, replace him.

Know your weapon, keep it in good condition and be able to fire accurately from it, observe the results of the fire and skillfully adjust it;

Continuously monitor the battlefield and report to the squad leader about detected targets, at the command of the commander, or independently destroy them with fire; observe neighbors and support them with fire;

Be able to use the instruments and mechanisms located in the troop compartment of an infantry fighting vehicle (armored personnel carrier);

In the event of a forced separation from your squad, immediately join the nearest squad and continue the battle in its composition.

A motorized rifle company is a tactical unit that performs tasks, usually as part of a motorized rifle battalion, but sometimes independently.

Historically, a company was considered the infantry unit of the maximum strength, which in battle can be effectively commanded by voice, whistle, gesture, or own action. This number at all times was equal to approximately 100 fighters. The concept of "detachment" is close to the concept of "company" in terms of functions and tactical meaning.

In terms of functions in combat, a company commander is one of the fighters who is able to simultaneously fight and command a unit. Unlike the company commander, the battalion commander, as a rule, does not participate directly in combat.

In defense, strong points are assigned to companies and platoons, a defense area to a battalion, and a defense area to a regiment. At the same time, the company occupies 1-1.5 km along the front, and up to 1 km in depth. In the offensive, the company occupies a zone of responsibility 1 km wide, in the breakthrough sector - up to 500 m.

To better understand the tactical meaning of the regular structure and armament of modern motorized rifle companies of the Russian army, it is necessary to trace the evolution of infantry and motorized rifle units since the end of the Second World War. Their appearance has repeatedly changed depending on the views of the command on the combat use of motorized rifles, the development of weapons and military equipment, and the practice of real armed conflicts. Each war left its mark on the appearance of motorized rifle units. Nevertheless, there are features characteristic of the motorized rifle companies of the Soviet Army (and the Russian one, as its successor), developed precisely during the Great Patriotic War. It gave a colossal experience in ground battles, allowing in practice to test the effectiveness of pre-war concepts and charters. The Soviet infantry of the 1944 model was significantly superior in efficiency and combat power to their counterparts of the 1941 model, becoming the prototype of modern motorized rifle units.

The Soviet Union inherited the experience of infantry fighting in 1941-1945. and created the world's most powerful ground forces weapons system. This fully applies to infantry weapons.

Compared with the states of 1941, the following changes were approved:

• the number of companies was reduced to 100 people without a noticeable loss of combat capability. To reduce losses in battle formations, all those not engaged in combat were withdrawn from the staff of the company;
• an intermediate cartridge of the 1943 model was established as an ammunition for a rifle chain, and an AK assault rifle as an individual weapon;
• an anti-tank melee weapon - a reactive anti-tank rifle (grenade launcher) RPG-2 - was introduced into the staff of each department;
• mounted fire weapons (50-mm mortars) were withdrawn from the company due to low firing efficiency in line-of-sight conditions;
• in order to increase maneuverability and reduce vulnerability, heavy machine guns in companies were replaced with machine guns without a machine gun.

The structure of the Soviet motorized rifle company in 1946-1962. included:

• Department of management - 4 people. (commander, deputy commander, foreman, sniper with SV 891/30).
• Three motorized rifle platoons of 28 people. (22 AK, 3 RPD, 3 RPG-2);
• Machine-gun platoon (3 RP-46, 8 AK).

Total: 99 people, 77 AK, 9 RPD, 9 RPG-2, 3 RP-46, 1 SV.

The strength and armament of a rifle squad, platoon and company of motorized rifle troops of the Soviet Army in 1946-1960.

In the Soviet Army, the post-war structure of the motorized rifle department in terms of the quality and range of weapons resembled the structure of the department of the Wehrmacht grenadier company. One soldier in the squad was armed with an RPG-2 grenade launcher, seven more people with AK assault rifles, a machine gunner with an RPD machine gun chambered for 7.62x39 (in terms of ballistics and accuracy, the RPD did not differ much from the machine gun). Sniper rifles remained on average one per company.

The machine-gun platoon was equipped with company machine guns of the 1946 model, which combined the rate of fire of an easel machine gun with the maneuverability of a light machine gun. Calculations of company machine guns were located 200 m behind the attacking chain, quickly changed position and provided the company with continuous fire support. The use of company machine guns on a bipod is a domestic structural and tactical technique that was established in the course of many fruitless attacks and bloody battles of 1941-1945. Creating a sample with the desired properties was no longer difficult.

The introduction of an intermediate cartridge, appropriate weapons and rocket-propelled grenade launchers into the troops was borrowed from the Wehrmacht.

Despite its apparent simplicity, the post-war weapon system had exceptional firing efficiency, density and flexibility of fire, especially at ranges up to 400 m.

The department moved on foot or on trucks such as BTR-40, BTR-152. The driver of the armored personnel carrier, by analogy with the cavalry, served as a horseman in battle - he drove the transport to a safe place. The Goryunov SGMB machine gun, mounted on an armored personnel carrier, ready for battle and directed forward, served as a means of combating the enemy that suddenly appeared in the direction of movement.

STRUCTURE OF MOTOR RIFLE COMPANY BY STATES 1960 - 1970s.

The structure and armament of a motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier

Further re-equipment and motorization led to the appearance of the staff of a motorized rifle company in 1962, in which the number of departments decreased due to the crews of armored personnel carriers. The vehicle was an armored personnel carrier BTR-60PB, armed with a 14.5 mm KPV machine gun.

The grenade launcher and machine gun were replaced by next-generation models that were equivalent in purpose (but not in properties). One of the submachine gunners acted as an assistant to the machine gunner, but he was not the second number on a regular basis. A sniper appeared in the squad as an assistant commander, acting on his instructions.

The strength and armament of a rifle squad, platoon and company of motorized rifle troops of the Soviet Army in 1962

The advantage of this state was high mobility within the road network. More valuable was the ability of the infantry to appear unexpectedly on areas of terrain poorly protected by the enemy and occupy them almost without a fight. In a slightly modified form, this state still exists.

The new composition of the motorized rifle company provided better mobility, but it had to be paid for in firepower and numbers.

The disadvantages of the structure and armament of the motorized rifle company of the state in 1962 were:

• the RPK light machine gun practically ceased to differ from the machine gun in terms of combat properties;
• the sniper, being in the front line, could not provide accurate fire due to large aiming errors and the inability to prepare data for firing;
• a sniper rifle in battle turned into an ordinary self-loading rifle of the SVT or FN / FAL type;
• the crew of the armored personnel carrier (two people) was excluded from the firing line and combat on the ground.

The armored personnel carrier BTR-60PB (and BTR-70, BTR-80) was a truck, sheathed in thin armor, and served as a vehicle, not a combat vehicle. The armored personnel carrier could support the squad only from distances where it remained invulnerable to enemy machine-gun fire (1000 ... 1500 m), for which a 14.5-mm KPVT heavy machine gun was used.

The battle order of a motorized rifle platoon during the offensive: a) without dismounting; b) on foot; c) panorama of the battle.

An irreparable shortcoming of the staff of a motorized rifle company in 1960-1970. it turned out to be the impossibility of the armored personnel carrier to advance in the chain of its squad. With closer contact with the enemy, armored personnel carriers were hit in the wheels by arrows and grenade launcher fire. This is evidenced by the experience of fighting on the Damansky Peninsula. The works devoted to this conflict describe in detail the battles of March 2 and 15, 1969, during which the unsuitability of the BTR-60 for combat was revealed, even if the enemy had no artillery.

The structure and armament of a motorized rifle company on the BMP-1

In the 1960s, infantry fighting vehicles (BMP-1) entered service with the motorized rifle troops. In view of the likely use of tactical nuclear weapons, a technique has appeared for attacking tanks without dismounting from combat vehicles. The tactical method of attacking on foot was also preserved in the charter.

The staff of the rifle squad on the BMP-1 included eight people. Motorized rifle units on the BMP-1 are even more focused on tank escort by specialization and rely mainly on the power of the 73-mm 2A28 gun (grenade launcher) of the BMP-1 and the combat skills of the gunner-operator.

The structure and armament of a motorized rifle company on the BMP-2

Fighting in the Middle East in 1970-1980. showed the weakness of the ammunition of the BMP-1 gun (both cumulative and fragmentation action). It turned out that the squad counteracts in most cases the dispersed manpower and firing points of the enemy. It was necessary to use the striking potential of artillery weapons more flexibly. The BMP was re-equipped with automatic weapons.

The strength of the squad on the BMP-2 was the new BMP artillery weapon - the 2A42 cannon with 500 rounds of ammunition. It was the BMP that began to solve the vast majority of tasks on the battlefield. The presence of a large ammunition load and the "machine-gun" method of firing made the BMP a means of threat and deterrence. Like the heavy machine gun of the Second World War, the BMP-2 can affect the enemy without firing, only by presence. Another positive factor of the adopted system is the potentially large rate of 5.45 mm rounds of ammunition.

The disadvantages of the new weapon system were the general shortcomings of the 5.45-mm caliber - low penetrating and barrier action of bullets. The 7N6, 7N10 cartridge bullet from the AK74 assault rifle does not penetrate half of the red brick (120 mm) and 400 mm earthen barriers at a distance of 100 m. The RPK74 machine gun differs even less from the machine gun in terms of practical rate of fire than its predecessor RPK. A common drawback of the staff of a motorized rifle company on an infantry fighting vehicle is the small number and weakness of the fire of the rifle chain.

Features of the regular structure of motorized rifle companies of the 60s - 70s.

• The infantry fighting vehicle has become a firearm of the rifle chain on a par with the infantry line. Its cross-country ability is comparable to that of a pedestrian, and the speed along the highway is equal to the speed of a car.
• Formally, the squad on the BMP has become weaker than the squad on the armored personnel carrier due to its small number, but in reality the opposite is true, since the infantry fighting vehicle is not a means of support, but a means of combat that solves most of the tasks of the infantry chain and, in addition, the task of fighting tanks.
• The motorized rifle squad on the BMP follows group tactics to a greater extent, while reminiscent of the machine gun group of the First World War. The "machine gun" in the group became self-propelled and received an artillery caliber. The calculation of the BMP - the gunner-operator and driver - turned out to be numerically smaller than the machine-gun calculation.
• The squad's penchant for group tactics weakened the skirmish line. The rifle chain performs in combat to a greater extent the function of protecting the infantry fighting vehicle from being hit by enemy infantry and, to a lesser extent, is busy with fire impact on the enemy. In the event of the loss of the BMP, the department becomes unable to solve the statutory tasks.
• In the evolution of the squad, platoon and company, there is a tendency to reduce the human component. Infantry combat is gradually reduced to the fight of weapons, armored vehicles and other inanimate materiel of the battlefield.

COMPOSITION AND ARMAMENT OF A MOTOR RIFLE COMPANY OF THE MODERN ORGANIZATIONAL AND STAFF STRUCTURE

States of motorized rifle companies of a limited contingent in Afghanistan

Afghan war 1979-1989 became one of the modern wars. It was distinguished by the limited tasks, the incommensurable capabilities of the parties and the almost complete absence of battles, as they are defined by the charter. In accordance with the tasks and features of the landscape, the states of the units of the limited contingent of Soviet troops in Afghanistan were approved.

The companies on the armored personnel carrier in each department (six people, on the BTR-70) consisted of a machine gunner from the PKK and a sniper from the SVD. The gunner of the KPVT machine gun simultaneously performed the functions of a grenade launcher (RPG-7). The motorized rifle platoon consisted of 20 people, three BTR-70s. The machine gun-grenade launcher platoon (20 men, two BTR-70s) was armed with three PKM machine guns on a bipod and three AGS grenade launchers. In total, the company consisted of 80 (81 - since August 1985) people for 12 armored personnel carriers. Since May 1985, one AGS was replaced by the NSV-12.7 machine gun, capable of destroying fortifications made of rocky soil and rocks.

In the companies on the BMP, each squad (six people per BMP-2D) included a sniper with an SVD and a grenade launcher with an RPG. The RPK machine gunner relied on every third squad. The motorized rifle platoon consisted of 20 people (three BMP-2D). A machine gun-grenade launcher platoon (15 men, two BMP-2Ds) was armed with three AGS grenade launchers and two NSV-12.7 machine guns. PKM machine guns were handed over to platoons. In total, the company consisted of 82 people and 12 infantry fighting vehicles.

The positive aspects of the above-described composition of a motorized rifle company are obvious: the companies are small in number, the number of weapons exceeds the number of soldiers and officers. In the conditions of the mountainous landscape, artillery and mortars could not provide full support to the infantry, so the machine-gun-grenade launcher platoon turned out to be the artillery unit of the company commander and was distinguished by a variety of fire capabilities: mounted (AGS), penetrating (NSV-12.7), dense fire (PKM).

In the lowland theater of operations, the companies had a more familiar structure, not providing for large-caliber weapons, but including ATGMs.

States of motorized rifle companies 1980-1990s

In the 1980-1990s, the squads on the BTR and BMP-1 and -2 consisted of nine people, but without a sniper.

The company on the BTR-80 (110 people) consisted of a control group (five people), three platoons (30 people each) and a fourth anti-tank machine gun platoon (15 people). In service were 66 assault rifles, 9 RPGs, 9 RPKs, 3 SVDs, 3 PCs, 3 ATGMs, 12 armored personnel carriers.

The company on the BMP had a similar structure and strength. The fourth platoon was fully machine gun. There were 63 assault rifles, 9 RPGs, 9 RPKs, 3 SVDs, 6 PCs, 12 infantry fighting vehicles.

Composition of motorized rifle companies of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2005-2010

In the Russian Armed Forces in 2005-2010. in parallel, there were several regular structures of the same type of units. The divisions of motorized rifle troops were built according to three organization options:

• Motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier.
• Motorized rifle company on the BMP-2 from the regiment, subordinate to the division.
• Motorized rifle company on the BMP-2 from the battalion subordinate to the brigade.

We do not consider the organizational structure and armament of motorized rifle units on the BMP-3 due to the small number of vehicles that entered the troops.

A motorized rifle squad on an armored personnel carrier can contain eight or nine people, while a squad on a BMP-2 consists of eight people. At the same time, the sniper from the squad was expelled to larger units.

A motorized rifle platoon on an armored personnel carrier contains a control group, two squads of nine people and one squad of 8 people. All personnel are accommodated in three armored personnel carriers.

A platoon's quality reinforcement is a PKM machine gun with a crew of two fighters and a sniper with an SVD rifle subordinate to the platoon commander.

The composition of the motorized rifle company on the state armored personnel carrier 2000-2010:

• Company management - 8 people. (commander, assistant commander for l / s, foreman, senior driver, machine gunner, senior technician, medical instructor, RRF operator; weapons: AK74 - 7, PKM - 1, BTR -1, KPV - 1, PKT - 1).
• 3 motorized rifle platoons of 32 people. (in each - a department of 6 people, including a commander, a deputy, a PKM machine gun crew of 2 people, a sniper with an SVD and an orderly; two squads of 9 and one squad of 8 people; platoon weapons: AK74 - 21, PKM - 1 , SVD - 4, RPK74 - 3, RPG-7 - 3, BTR - 3, KPV - 3, PKT - 3).
• Anti-tank squad of 9 people. (ATGM "Metis" - 3, AK74 - 6, BTR - 1, KPV - 1, PKT - 1).

Total: 113 people, PKM - 4, SVD - 12, RPK74 - 9, AK74 - 76, RPG-7 - 9, ATGM - 6, armored personnel carriers - 11, KPV - 11, PKT - 11.

The composition and armament of a motorized rifle company on an armored personnel carrier in 2000-2010.

A company on an infantry fighting vehicle can have two structures depending on subordination. In the regiments of rifle divisions, companies on infantry fighting vehicles have a smaller number and an emphasis on small arms, as they are supported by the artillery regiment of the division.

The structure of a motorized rifle company on infantry fighting vehicles from the regiment:

• Company management - 10 people. (commander, deputy commander for military affairs, foreman, sanitary instructor, RRF radar operator, infantry fighting vehicle commander, 2 senior driver-mechanics, 2 gunner-operators; armament: AK74 - 10, BMP-2 - 2, 2A42 - 2 , PKT - 2, ATGM - 2).
• 3 motorized rifle platoons of 30 people. (in each - a management of 6 people, including a commander, a deputy, a PKM machine-gun crew of 2 people, a sniper with an SVD and an orderly; three squads of 8 people each; platoon weapons: PKM - 1, SVD - 1, RPK74 - 3 , AK74 - 22, RPG-7 - 3, BMP - 3, 2A42 - 3, PKT - 3, ATGM - 3).

Total: 100 people, PKM - 3, SVD - 3, RPK74 - 9, AK74 - 76, RPG-7 - 9, BMP - 11, 2A42 - 11, PKT - 11, ATGM - 11.

In brigades subordinated to battalions, poor in artillery, companies provide themselves with fire support to a greater extent at the expense of their own grenade launcher platoon.

Motorized rifle companies on infantry fighting vehicles from the brigades have the following structure:

• Company management - 10 people. (the staff and weapons are the same as in the command of a motorized rifle company on infantry fighting vehicles from the regiment).
• 3 motorized rifle platoons of 30 people. (in terms of staffing and armament, they are similar to platoons of motorized rifle companies from the regiment).
• Grenade launcher platoon of 26 people. (in each - a commander, a deputy commander and three squads of 8 people each; weapons: AK74 - 20, AGS-17 - 6, BMP - 3, 2A42 - 3, PKT - 3, ATGM - 3).

Total: 126 people, PKM - 3, SVD - 3, RPK74 - 9, AK74 - 96, RPG-7 - 9, AGS-17 - 6, BMP - 14, 2A42 - 14, PKT - 14, ATGM - 14.

The strength and armament of a motorized rifle company on infantry fighting vehicles from the composition of motorized rifle brigades in 2000-2010.

General comments on the composition and armament of motorized rifle units in 2000-2010.

1. Platoon commanders have their own means of high-quality reinforcement - PKM machine guns (not quite company-wide in terms of fire capabilities) and sniper rifles.

2. In a company on an infantry fighting vehicle from the regiments, for reinforcement, there is a full-fledged department from the company's management.

3. In the company on the BMP from the brigades for reinforcement there is a full-fledged platoon capable of fighting without heavy grenade launchers, like a regular infantry. Under other conditions, it is also used to support AGS means both from closed positions and direct fire.

4. 5.45 caliber weapons do not have sufficient penetration, and machine guns of this caliber are not able to maintain the required mode of fire.

5. A weapon chambered for a rifle cartridge has established itself as a means of strengthening a platoon (PKM, SVD). PKT machine guns on infantry fighting vehicles in the first line have insufficient target detection capabilities.

6. 12.7 caliber guns are not represented in any state.

7. 14.5 caliber weapons are used on armored personnel carriers for firing from safe distances (1000 ... 1500 m).

8. Automatic grenade launchers are rarely used and, in fact, are analogues of company mortars and machine guns of earlier organizational structures.

9. SPG-9 grenade launchers are not used at the company level.

Disadvantages of the states of motorized rifle companies of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (2000-2010):

1) companies on armored personnel carriers have lower combat capabilities than companies on infantry fighting vehicles: due to the lack of combat vehicles, they cannot perform the same tasks as companies on infantry fighting vehicles;

2) a sniper in an armored personnel carrier squad in the first line is not able to fully realize the capabilities of his weapon;

3) there are almost no means of reinforcement subordinate to the commander (a machine gun and one armored personnel carrier that does not belong to platoons); the anti-tank squad rather closes a gap in the meager range of fire weapons than serves as a means of reinforcement even in defense;

4) the number of weapons is small and its assortment is poor.

Advantages of motorized rifle companies of the RF Armed Forces (2000-2010):

1) squads consist of eight to nine people - a smaller number of people are involved in hostilities, which helps to reduce losses;

2) a sniper is excluded from the squads on the BMP;

3) the platoon leader has his own reinforcements;

4) the presence of the fourth platoon in the company from the composition of the brigades significantly expands the company commander's ability to maneuver forces and fire.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND STAFF WAYS OF INCREASING THE COMBAT CAPABILITIES OF MOTOR RIFLE SECTIONS, PLATONS AND COMPANY

At the squad level, reinforcement of the rifle chain is achieved by increasing the practical rate of fire of a light machine gun. The low penetrating effect of 5.45 and 7.62 caliber bullets of the 1943 model requires equipping the squad with a second rifle-caliber machine gun weighing up to 7.5 kg with dispersion at the RPD level and a rate of fire at the DP level, with magazine feed. In addition, the shooting chain can be strengthened by introducing multi-channel firepower, adding one shooter to the chain, at least at the expense of the BMP operator or driver, using remote weapon control in the BMP, equipping the BMP driver with a PK type machine gun.

At the platoon level, reinforcement is possible when a fourth vehicle with a fundamentally different armament and armor is used in the state, even without increasing the size of the platoon, the introduction of supernumerary weapons (mine, grenade launchers) and assigning two weapons to one soldier.

At the company level, reinforcement is achieved by the introduction of a full-fledged fourth platoon of heavy weapons (guided intelligent weapons), which is able to fight like a fourth infantry, and, if necessary, be a means of support or an assault weapon (like a grenade launcher platoon of brigade structures). At the same time, the platoon must perform combat engineering support, combat work with guided and intelligent weapons.

It is undesirable to increase the number of personnel of units because of the possible increase in losses. A company of more than 100-115 people. worse in combat. It is possible to increase the fire capabilities of units due to the dual armament of some specialists who own different types of weapons.

Thus, an increase in the number of weapons, combat vehicles, and equipment, even if not all of these means are used in combat at the same time, increases the efficiency of subunit operations.

The content of this page was prepared for the portal "Modern Army" based on the materials of the book by A.N. Lebedinets "Organization, armament and combat capabilities of small-scale motorized rifle units". When copying content, please remember to link to the source page.