What is a charter column. Build. Combat techniques and movement without weapons and with weapons

BUILD AND ITS ELEMENTS.

build - the deployment of military personnel, subunits and units established by the Military Regulations for their joint actions on foot and in vehicles.

line (or single-rank deployed formation) is a formation in which military personnel are placed one next to the other on the same line.

Machine line - this is the placement of cars one next to the other on the same line.

The structure has the following elements:

flank right (left) - right (left) end of the system. When turning the formation, the names of the flanks do not change.

Front - the side of the formation in which the military personnel are facing (cars - with the frontal part).

Back side of the system the side opposite the front.

Interval - the distance along the front between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and units.

Distance - the distance in depth between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and units.

System Width - the distance between the flanks.

Depth - the distance from the first line (in front of the standing soldier) to the last line (behind the standing soldier), and when operating on vehicles - the distance from the first line of vehicles (in front of the standing vehicle) to the last line of vehicles (behind the standing vehicle).

Deployed and marching formation .

Depending on the purpose, the formations are deployed and marching.

Line - this is such a system in which units are built on the same line along the front in a single-rank or two-tier system (in the line of vehicles) at intervals established by the Charter or the commander.

Double rank system - a formation in which the servicemen of one line are located in the back of the head of the servicemen of the other line at a distance of one step (an outstretched hand placed on the shoulder in front of the standing serviceman). The ranks are called the first and second. When turning the formation, the names of the ranks do not change.

Row - two servicemen standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head to one another.

Incomplete row - when a serviceman of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the serviceman of the first rank.

When turning the two-tier system around, the serviceman of the incomplete row passes into the front standing rank. Four people or less are always built in one line.

Closed - single-rank (two-rank) formation in which servicemen in ranks are located along the front from one another at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows.

Open - a single-rank (double-rank) formation in which servicemen in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander.

The deployed system is used for inspections, calculations, reviews, parades, and also in other necessary cases.

marching formation - a formation in which the unit is built in a column or units in columns are built one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

It is used for the movement of units during the march, the passage of a solemn march, with a song, as well as in other necessary cases.

Column - a system in which the military personnel are located at the back of the head to each other, and the units (vehicles) - one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

Columns can be one, two, three, four or more.

Columns are used to build subunits and units in a deployed or marching formation.

guide - a serviceman (unit, vehicle) moving head in the column in the indicated direction.

trailing - a soldier (unit, vehicle) moving last in the column.

The actions of military personnel near the car and on cars.

To board vehicles, servicemen line up in front of the vehicle in a single or double rank formation so that the rank (second rank) is no closer than three steps ahead of the vehicle. Drivers of cars are in the ranks of their unit.

Landing on cars is carried out through the right, left and rear sides; for cars with a closed body - through the tailgate. On a car located on the right side of the road, landing through the left side not produced.

Disembarkation from the car is carried out through the right, left and rear sides; their car with a closed body - through the tailgate. Disembarkation from cars located on the right side of the road, through the left side not allowed .

Observation of the fastening of the side locks of the car body while driving is carried out “onboard” appointed from the military personnel sitting in the extreme places at the front and rear sides.

Observation of the signals of the senior commander is carried out by the appointed observer , which is located in the right front corner of the car body.

Combat Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

General provisions

Build - the placement of military personnel, subunits and units established by the Charter for their joint actions on foot and in vehicles.

Rank - a system in which military personnel are placed one next to the other on the same line at established intervals. Line of cars - a system in which cars are placed one next to the other on the same line.

Flank - the right (left) end of the formation. When turning the formation, the name of the flanks does not change.

Front - the side of the formation in which the military personnel are facing (cars - by any part).

The back side of the formation is the side opposite the front.

Interval - the distance along the front between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and units.

Distance - the distance in depth between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and units.

The width of the formation is the distance between the fronts.

Depth of formation - the distance from the first line (in front of the standing soldier), to the last line (behind the standing soldier), and when operating on vehicles - the distance from the first line of vehicles (in front of the standing vehicle) to the last line of vehicles (behind the standing vehicle).

A two-rank formation is a formation in which the servicemen of one rank are located in the back of the head of the servicemen of the other rank at a distance of one step (outstretched arm, palm placed on the shoulder of the soldier in front). The ranks are called first and second. When you turn the formation, the name of the line does not change.

Row - two servicemen standing in a two-row row at the back of the head one to the other. If a soldier of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the first rank, such a row is called incomplete. When turning the two-tier system around, the serviceman of the incomplete row passes into the front of the standing rank.

Single-row and Double-row systems - can be closed or open.

AT close formation- servicemen in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows. AT open formation- military personnel in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander.

A column is a formation in which servicemen are located at the back of each other's heads, and units (vehicles) are one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander. Columns can be one, two, three, four or more. Columns are used to build subunits and units in a deployed or marching formation.

Deployed formation - a formation in which subunits are built on the same line along the front in a single-rank or two-rank formation (in the line of vehicles) or in a line of columns at intervals established by the Charter or the commander. The deployed system is used for inspections, calculations, parades, and also in other necessary cases.

A marching formation is a formation in which a unit is built in a column or units in columns are built one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander. The marching formation is used for the movement of units during the march, the passage of a solemn march, with a song, as well as in other necessary cases.

The guide is a soldier (unit, vehicle) moving head in the indicated direction. The rest of the military personnel (subdivisions, vehicles) coordinate their movement along the guide.

Trailing - a soldier (unit, car), moving last in the column.

The formation is controlled by commands and orders, which are given by the commander by voice, signals and personal example, and also transmitted using technical and mobile means.

Commands and orders can be transmitted along the column through the commanders of subunits (senior vehicles) and designated observers.

Management in the car is carried out by commands and orders given by voice and by means of intercom.

In the ranks, the senior commander is located where it is more convenient for him to command. The rest of the commanders give commands, remaining in the places established by the Charter or the senior commander.

The commanders of subunits from a company and above in the march formation of a battalion and regiment are allowed to go out of action only to issue commands and check their execution.

The team is divided into preliminary and executive; commands can be and only executive.

The preliminary command is given clearly, loudly and lingeringly, so that those in the ranks understand what actions the commander requires of them.

On any preliminary command, servicemen in the ranks take a combat stance, move to a combat stance while on the move, and out of formation turn towards the commander and take a combat stance.

When performing tricks with weapons in the preliminary command, if necessary, the name of the weapon is indicated.

For example: “Machines on - CHEST”. “Machine guns on - re-MEN”, etc.

The executive command (printed in large print in the Charter) is given after a pause, loudly, abruptly and clearly. On the executive command, its immediate and exact execution is carried out.

In order to attract the attention of a unit or an individual soldier, the name of the unit or the rank and surname of the soldier is called in the preliminary command, if necessary.

For example: “Platoon (3rd platoon) - STOP”. "Private Petrov, circle GOM."

Formation control signals and machine control signals are specified in appendices 3 and 4.

If necessary, the commander assigns additional signals to control the formation.

Commands relating to all units are accepted and immediately executed by all unit commanders and (senior) vehicle commanders.

When a command is transmitted by a signal, a signal is preliminarily given "Attention", and if the command belongs to one of the divisions, then a signal is given indicating the number of this division.

Readiness to accept a command by a signal is also indicated by the “attention” signal.

Receipt of a signal is confirmed by repeating it or by giving an appropriate signal to your unit.

To cancel or terminate the reception, the command “ STOP". This command accepts the position that was before the reception was performed.

During training, it is allowed to perform the drill techniques specified in the Charter and move through divisions, as well as with the help of prepared exercises.

For example: “Assault rifle on the chest, according to divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO, do - THREE”. "To the right, along the divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO."

When forming national teams, they are drilled into units. For calculation, military personnel line up in a single-rank or two-rank system and are calculated according to the general numbering, as indicated in Art. 85. After that, depending on the size of the team, a calculation is made sequentially for companies, platoons and squads, and the commanders of these units are appointed.

To participate in parades, as well as in other cases, a unit, by order of the commander, may form a common column of three, four or more. In this case, the construction is carried out, as a rule, by growth.

The construction of units is carried out by the command “STAND”, before which the order of construction is indicated.

For example: “Squad, in one line - STAND”.

At this command, the serviceman must quickly take his place in the ranks, dial the established interval and distance, take a combat stance.

When submitting commands for subdivisions of military branches and special forces, instead of the names “squad”, “platoon”, “company”, “battalion” and “regiment”, the names of subunits and units adopted in the military branches and special forces are indicated. troops of the Armed Forces.

Duties of commanders and military personnel before formation and in the ranks

The commander must:

Indicate the place, time, formation order, uniform and equipment, as well as what kind of weapons and military equipment to have; appoint an observer if necessary;

Check and know the presence in the ranks of subordinates of your unit (unit), as well as weapons, military equipment, ammunition, personal protective equipment and trench tools;

Check the appearance of subordinates, as well as the availability of equipment and the correct fit;

Maintain the discipline of the formation and require the exact execution of commands and signals by the units, and the military personnel of their duties in the formation;

When giving commands on foot, take a combat stance on the spot;

When building units with weapons and military equipment, make an external inspection of them, as well as check the availability and serviceability of equipment for transporting personnel, the correct fastening of the transported (towed) materiel and stowage of property; remind personnel of safety requirements; in movement, observe the established distances, speed and traffic rules.

The soldier must:

Check the serviceability of their weapons, weapons and military equipment assigned to them, ammunition, personal protective equipment, entrenching tools, uniforms and equipment;

Carefully refuel uniforms, properly put on and fit equipment, help a friend eliminate noticed shortcomings;

Know your place in the ranks, be able to quickly, without fuss, take it; in motion, maintain alignment, established interval and distance; comply with safety requirements; not to break down (machines) without permission;

Do not talk or smoke in the ranks without permission; be attentive to the orders and commands of your commander, quickly and accurately carry them out without interfering with others;

Give orders, commands without distortion, loud and clear.

Combat techniques and movement without weapons and with weapons

drill stand

27. The combat stance (Fig. 1) is accepted by the command “STAND” or “QUIETLY”. At this command, stand straight, without tension, put the heels together, align the socks along the front line, placing them on the width of the foot; straighten the legs at the knees, but do not strain; lift the chest, and the whole body slightly forward; pick up the stomach; expand shoulders; lower your hands so that the hands, palms facing inward, are on the side and in the middle of the thighs, and the fingers are half-bent and touch the thigh; keep your head high and straight, without exposing your chin; look straight ahead; be ready for immediate action.

A combat stance on the spot is also accepted without a command: when giving and receiving an order, when reporting, during the performance of the National Anthem of the Russian Federation, when performing a military greeting, as well as when giving commands.

28. On the command “FREE”, become free, loosen the right or left leg at the knee, but do not move, do not weaken your attention and do not talk.

At the command “REFUEL”, without leaving your place in the ranks, fix weapons, uniforms and equipment; if you need to get out of order, ask your immediate supervisor for permission.

Before the command “REFUEL”, the command “Fuel” is given.

29. To remove headgear, the command “Headwear (headwear) - REMOVE”, and for putting on - “Headwear (headwear) - PUT ON”. If necessary, single-soldiers take off their hats and put them on without a command.

The removed headdress is held in the left freely lowered hand with a star (cockade) forward (Fig. 2).

Without weapons or with weapons in the “behind the back” position, the headgear is removed and put on with the right hand, and with weapons in the “on the belt”, “on the chest” and “at the foot” positions, with the left. When removing a headgear with a carbine in the “shoulder” position, the carbine is first taken to the leg.

Turns in place

30. Turns on the spot are performed by the commands: “Direction-IN”, “Nale-IN”, “Kru-GOM”.

Turns around, to the left are made towards the left hand on the left heel and on the right toe; turns to the right - towards the right hand on the right heel and on the left toe.

Turns are performed in two steps:

the first technique is to turn around, maintaining the correct position of the body, and, without bending the legs at the knees, transfer the weight of the body to the front leg;

the second technique is to put the other leg in the shortest way.

Rice. 1.Combat post Fig.2. The position of the removed headgear:

a - caps; b - field cotton caps;

in - hats with earflaps

31. Movement is done by walking or running.

Movement in steps is carried out at a pace of 100-120 steps per minute. Step size - 70-80 cm.

Running is carried out at a pace of 165-180 steps per minute. Step size - 85-90 cm.

The step is drill and marching.

The drill step is used when passing units in a solemn march; when they perform a military greeting on the move; when a serviceman approaches the commander and when leaving him; upon failure and return to duty, as well as in drill training.

The marching step is applied in all other cases.

32. Movement with a marching step begins at the command "Commander - MARCH" (in the movement "Commander - MARCH"), and movement with a marching step - at the command "Step - MARCH".

On a preliminary command, move the body forward a little, transfer its weight more to the right leg, while maintaining stability; on the executive command, start moving with the left foot with a full step.

When moving with a drill step (Fig. 3), take the leg with the toe pulled forward to a height of 15-20 cm from the ground and place it firmly on the entire foot.

Hands, starting from the shoulder, make movements around the body:

forward - bending them at the elbows so that the brushes rise higher

Rice. 3. Marching

belt buckles to the width of the palm and at a distance of the palm from the body, and the elbow was at the level of the hand; back - to failure in the shoulder joint. The fingers are bent, keep the head straight, look in front of you.

When moving with a marching step, take the leg out freely, without pulling the toe, and put it on the ground, as in normal walking; hands to make free movements around the body.

When moving at a marching step, at the command “AT ATTENTION”, switch to a combat step. When moving with a marching step, on the command “FREE”, go at a marching step.

33. Running movement begins at the command “Running - MARCH”.

When moving from a place on a preliminary command, the body is slightly forward, the arms are half-bent, moving the elbows slightly back; on the executive command, start running with the left foot, make free movements with your hands back and forth in time with the run.

To move from step to run, on a preliminary command, half-bend your arms, pulling your elbows back a little. The executive command is given simultaneously with the setting of the left foot on the ground. On this command, take a step with your right foot and start running with your left foot.

To move from a run to a step, the command “Step - MARCH” is given. And" "an exciting command is given simultaneously with the setting of the right foot on the ground. On this command, take two more steps running and start walking with your left foot.

34. The designation of a step in place is made by the command “In place, step - MARCH” (in motion - “IN PLACE”).

According to this command, the step is indicated by raising and lowering the legs, while raising the leg 15-20 cm from the ground and placing it on the entire foot, starting from the toe; make movements with your hands to the beat of the step (Fig. 4). On the command "DIRECT" , served simultaneously with the setting of the left foot on the ground, take another step with the right foot in place and start moving with the left foot in full step. In this case, the first three steps should be drill.

35. A command is given to stop the movement.

For example: "Private Petrov - STOP."

According to the executive command, given simultaneously with the placement of the right or left foot on the ground, take one more step and, putting the foot down, take a combat stance.

Rice. 4. Step in place

CH STEP”, “MORE STEP”, “LESS STEP”, “HALF STEP”, “FULL111.1H STEP”.

37. To move single soldiers a few steps to the side, a command is given.

For example: “Private Petrov. Two steps to the right (left), one step MARCH.

On this command, take two steps to the right (left), placing a foot after each step.

A command is given to move forward or backward a few steps.

For example: “Two steps forward (backward), step - MARCH”.

At this command, take two steps forward (back) and put;, foot.

When moving to the right, to the left and back, the movement of the hands n." is performed.

Turns in motion

38. Turns in motion are carried out according to the commands: “Direction-IN”, “Nale-IN”, “Circle-MARCH”.

To turn right (left), the executive command is given simultaneously with the right (left) foot on the ground. On this command, take a step from the left (right) foot, turn on the toe of the left (right) foot, simultaneously with the turn, move the right (left) foot forward and continue moving in a new direction.

To turn around, the executive command is given simultaneously with the right foot on the ground. On this command, take one more step with your left foot (on a count of times), take your right foot half a step forward and slightly to the left and, turning sharply towards your left hand on the toes of both legs (on a count of two), continue to move from your left foot in a new direction (for a count of three).

When turning, the movement of the hands is made to the beat of the step.

Combat techniques and movement with weapons

Port

39. The combat stance with a weapon is the same as without a weapon, while keeping the weapon in the “on the belt” position with the muzzle up, with the right hand touching the upper edge of the waist belt, and the machine with a folding butt - the muzzle down (Fig. 5 , a, b, d).

Hold a light (company) machine gun at the foot with a freely lowered right hand so that the butt rests with the butt plate on the ground, touching the foot of the right foot (Fig. 5, c).

Hold the carbine at the foot in the same way as a light machine gun, while grabbing the barrel of the gas pipe with the freely lowered right hand (Fig. 5, i).

R
fig.5. Combat stand with weapons: a - with a machine gun with a wooden butt; b - c machine gun with a folding butt; in with a light (company) machine gun; g - with a hand grenade launcher; d - with a carbine (sniper rifle)

Performing techniques with weapons on the spot

40. The assault rifle from the position “on the belt” to the position “on the chest” is taken on the command “Automatic on - CHEST” in three steps:

the first trick is to move the right hand along the belt slightly upwards, remove the machine gun from the shoulder and, grabbing it with the left hand by the forearm and handguard, hold it vertically in front of you with the magazine to the left, muzzle at the height of the chin (Fig. 6, a);

the second technique - with the right hand, take the belt to the right and intercept it with the palm from below so that the fingers are half-bent and facing you; simultaneously pass the elbow of the right hand under the belt (Fig. 6, b);

the third trick is to throw a belt over your head; take the machine gun with the right hand by the neck of the butt, and quickly lower the left hand (Fig. 6, c).

An assault rifle with a folding butt from the “on the belt” position to the “on the chest” position is taken according to the same command in two steps:

the first trick is to remove the machine gun from the shoulder with the right hand, without removing the elbow of the right hand from under the belt, and, grabbing the machine gun with the left hand by the forearm and the handguard from below, hold it in front of you with the magazine down, muzzle to the left (Fig. 6, d) ;

the second technique is to throw the belt behind the head on the left shoulder with the right hand, take the machine gun by the receiver near the belt with it, and quickly lower the left hand (Fig. 6, e).

R
Fig.6. Performing techniques with a machine gun from the “on the belt” position to the “on the chest” position

41. The machine gun from the position “on the chest” to the position “on the belt” is taken on the command “On re-LESS” in three steps:

the first trick is to take the machine gun by the forearm and the handguard from below with your left hand and, at the same time, moving it slightly forward up, take your right hand out from under the belt, grab the neck of the butt with it and hold the machine gun, as shown in fig. 7a;

the second technique - lifting the machine up, throw the belt over your head and hold the machine in front of you vertically with the magazine to the left, muzzle at the height of the chin (Fig. 7, b);

the third trick is to take the belt by its upper part with the right hand and throw the machine over the right shoulder into the “on the belt” position, and quickly lower the left hand (Fig. 5, a).

An assault rifle with a folding buttstock from the position “on the chest” to the position “on the belt” is taken according to the same command in three steps:

the first trick is to take the machine gun from above by the barrel and gas pipe with your left hand and, lifting the machine gun slightly up, pull the elbow of your right hand out from under the belt, with your right hand, palm from below, take the belt from the receiver (Fig. 7, c);

the second trick - turning the machine with the receiver up, throw the belt over your head and keep the machine with the magazine to the right

the third trick is to throw the machine over the right shoulder into the “on the belt” position, and quickly lower the left hand (Fig. 5, b),

Fig. 7. Performing tricks with a machine gun from the position “on the chest” to the position “on the belt”

42. A carbine (light machine gun) from the “from the foot” position to the “on the belt” position is taken at the command “On belt" in three steps:

the first trick is to lift the carbine (light machine gun) with your right hand, without taking it away from the body, turn the magazine (light machine gun - pistol grip) to the left; with your left hand, take the carbine by the magazine (light machine gun - by the forearm) and hold it with the muzzle at eye level; press the elbow of the right hand (Fig. 8, a, b);

the second technique - take the belt with your right hand and pull it to the left (Fig. 8, c);

the third trick is to quickly throw a carbine (light machine gun) over the shoulder; lower your left hand; lower the right hand along the belt so that the forearm is in a horizontal position; slightly press the carbine (light machine gun) with the elbow to the body (Fig. 8, d, e).

43. From the position “on the belt” the carbine (light machine gun) to the position “to the leg” is taken on the command “K no-GE” in two steps;

the first trick is to move the right hand along the belt slightly upwards, remove the carbine (light machine gun) from the shoulder and, grabbing it with the left hand by the forearm, with the right hand take the carbine (light machine gun) by the upper part of the barrel lining with the magazine (light machine gun - pistol grip) to the left, muzzle at eye level (Fig. 8, a, b);

the second technique is to quickly lower the left hand, and smoothly place the carbine (light machine gun) on the ground at the foot with the right hand (Fig. 5, c, e).

R
Fig.8. Performing a hold on the belt with a carbine and light machine gun

The company machine gun in the “on the belt” and “to the leg” positions is taken as convenient.

44. The carbine from the position from the foot to the position “on the shoulder” is taken only with the attached bayonet on command "On the shoulder" in two steps:

the first trick - with the right hand, raising and turning the carbine with the bolt forward, move it vertically near the body to the left side and at the same time grab the upper part of the forearm and handguard with the right hand, at the same time move the left hand a little forward and put the carbine with the butt on the palm of the left hand so that the recoil pad lies on the palm, the thumb is in front, and the remaining fingers are pressed to the left side of the butt; hold the carbine vertically in an outstretched hand against the left shoulder, with the butt touching the left leg; elbow of the right hand - at shoulder height (Fig. 9, a);

the second technique - quickly lower the right hand, at the same time raise the carbine with the left hand so that it lies in the shoulder recess with the trigger guard, and hold it without dumping to the side; hold the left hand slightly below the elbow, press the butt to the belt, and the forearm to the side (Fig. 9, b, c).

45. The carbine in the position “to the leg” from the position “on the shoulder” is taken on the command “K no-GE” in three steps:

the first trick is to quickly lower the left hand, at the same time grab the carbine by the upper part of the forearm and the handguard with the right hand and put it in the position shown in fig. 9a;

the second trick is to move the carbine down to the right leg with the right hand, turning it with the bolt towards you; supporting carabiner left

hand at the bayonet tube, hold it along the thigh of the right leg so that the butt touches the foot;

the third technique is to quickly lower the left hand, and with the right hand smoothly put the carbine on the ground.

46. ​​If it is necessary to release (tighten) the belt, the command “Belt - RELEASE (PULL)” is given.

At the command “Belt”, take machine guns and hand grenade launchers in the right hand, carbines and machine guns in the leg; for a machine with a folding butt, fold the butt, to do this, move your right hand along the belt slightly upwards, remove the machine from your shoulder and, grabbing it with your left hand by the forearm and handguard, hold it horizontally in front of you with the magazine down at chin level. Holding the machine gun with your left hand, pull the latch with your right hand and fold the butt. Take the machine gun in your right hand by the forearm and handguard. At the command “RELEASE (PULL)”, make half a turn to the right, at the same time put the left foot a step to the left and, leaning forward, rest the weapon with the butt on the foot of the left foot, and put the barrel on the bend of the right elbow; do not bend your knees; holding the belt buckle with your right hand, tighten (release) the belt with your left hand and independently take a combat stance.

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The first thing that students need to learn is to understand what the system is.

The leader communicates to the trainees that build- the deployment of military personnel, subunits and military units established by the Charter for their joint actions on foot and in vehicles.

The commander clarifies that for the squad and platoon there are deployed single-rank and double-rank formations, as well as the marching formation of the squad in a column of one and in a column of two and the marching formation of a platoon - in a column of three and four.

To show the elements of a single-line (two-line) closed (open) and marching formation of a squad in a column one (two) at a time, the leader builds one squad into one (two) lines or into a column one at a time (two) in front of the platoon formation, placing trainees in growth (rank).

Deployed single-tier squad.

To build a detachment in a deployed single-rank formation, the commander gives a command, for example: "First squad, in one line - STAND". Having built the unit in one line, he clarifies: "The formation in which you are now standing is a deployed single-rank formation."

After which he explains, shows and gives definitions: line, flank and front, rear side of the formation, interval and width of the formation.

line- a system in which military personnel are placed one next to the other on the same line at established intervals.

A line of cars is a system in which cars are placed one next to the other on the same line.

Wing- right (left) end of the system. When turning the formation, the names of the flanks do not change.

Front- the side of the formation in which the military personnel are facing (cars - with the frontal part).

Back side of the system the side opposite the front.

Interval- the distance along the front between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and military units.

The commander emphasizes that in the close formation, in which the trainees are now, the intervals between the elbows of adjacent soldiers are equal to the width of the palm and orders everyone to establish this interval.

System Width- the distance between the flanks.

The marching formation of the squad in a column one at a time.

To study the elements of the marching formation of the squad, the leader turns the squad to the right and clarifies: "The formation in which you are now standing is a marching formation of a squad in a column one at a time."

W Then he explains, shows and gives definitions: marching formation, column, leading, trailing, distance and depth of formation.

- a system in which the unit is built in a column or units in columns are built one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

The marching formation is used for the movement of units during the march, the passage of a solemn march, with a song, as well as in other necessary cases.

Column- a system in which the military personnel are located at the back of the head to each other, and the units (vehicles) - one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

Columns can be one, two, three, four or more.

Columns are used to build subunits and military units in a deployed or marching formation.

guide- a serviceman (unit, vehicle) moving head in the indicated direction. The rest of the military personnel (subdivisions, vehicles) coordinate their movement along the guide.

trailing- a soldier (unit, car), moving last in the convoy.

Distance- the distance in depth between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and military units.

Depth- the distance from the first line (in front of the standing soldier) to the last line (behind the standing soldier), and when operating on vehicles - the distance from the first line of vehicles (in front of the standing vehicle) to the last line of vehicles (behind the standing vehicle).

Deployed two-tier squad.

To build a squad in a deployed two-rank formation, the commander gives a command, for example: "First squad, in two lines - STAND". Having built the unit in two lines, he clarifies: "The formation you are now standing in is an extended two-rank formation."

In a two-rank formation, the commander shows the first and second ranks and specifies that when the formation turns, their name does not change. He once again explains, shows and gives definitions: the distance and depth of the formation, defines and shows what a row is (full and incomplete), explains the actions of a soldier of an incomplete row when turning the formation around.

Double rank system- a formation in which the servicemen of one line are located in the back of the head of the servicemen of the other line at a distance of one step (outstretched hand, palm placed on the shoulder of the serviceman in front). The ranks are called first and second. When you turn the formation, the names of the ranks do not change.

Row- two servicemen standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head to one another. If a soldier of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the first rank, such a row is called incomplete.

When turning the two-rank formation around, the serviceman of the incomplete row passes into the front standing rank.

Finishing the study of this issue, the commander says that single-tier and double-tier system may be closed or open.

In with closed in the formation discussed above, the military personnel in ranks are located along the front from one another at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows.

AT open military personnel in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander.

To show an open formation, the commander opens the two-rank formation without indicating (or indicating) the interval and explains that in the first case, the servicemen open by one step, and in the second by the specified number of steps.

To open one step, the manager gives a command, for example: "Squad, right(to the left, from the middle) , at once-BOOK(run, at once-KNISH)", or indicates the number of steps to open, for example: "Squad, right(to the left, from the middle) in three steps, at once - KNISH(running, at once-KNISH)".

The marching formation of the squad in a column of two.

To study the elements of the marching formation of the squad in a column of two, the leader turns the squad to the right and clarifies: “The formation in which you are now standing is a marching formation of a squad in a column of two”.

Then he recalls, shows and gives definitions: column, guiding, closing, distance, depth of formation and explains what a marching formation is.

The commander explains, shows and defines the elements of the platoon formation according to the method described above. To do this, he builds a platoon in one, then in two lines, in a column of three (four).

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Formation, rank, flank, front, rear side of the formation, interval, distance, width of the formation, depth of the formation, two-rank formation, row. Single and double row formation, column, deployed formation, marching formation, guiding, trailing

Single rank system (rank) and its elements

The commander needs to show the trainees all the elements of the formation, give the statutory definitions of these elements, tell about the purpose of each element of the formation separately.

The first thing that students need to learn is to understand what the system is.

build- the deployment of military personnel, subunits and units established by the Charter for their joint actions on foot and in vehicles.

The commander clarifies that for the squad and platoon there are deployed single-rank and double-rank formations, the marching formation of the squad is built in a column of one and in a column of two, and the marching formation of a platoon is in a column of three and four.

Starting to explain the main elements of the formation, the commander gives the command: “Squad (platoon), in one line - STAND”. Having built the unit in one line, the commander clarifies: "The STRUCTURE IN WHICH YOU ARE NOW STANDING IS A DEPLOYED ONE-LEGED STRUCTURE." Then he explains, shows and gives definitions: Line, flank and front of the formation, back side of the formation, interval and width of the formation.

line- a system in which military personnel are placed one next to the other on the same line.

Four people or less are always built in one line.

Wing- right (left) end of the system. When turning the formation, the names of the flanks do not change.

Front- the side of the formation in which the military personnel are facing.

Back side of the system the side opposite the front.

Interval- the distance along the front between military personnel, subunits and units.

The commander emphasizes that in the close formation, in which the trainees are now, the interval between the elbows of adjacent soldiers should be equal to the width of the palm and orders everyone to establish this interval.

System Width- the distance between the flanks.

After explaining and showing the elements of a one-line formation, the commander gives the command: “Squad (platoon), in two lines - SIANOVIS” and defines the elements of this formation.

Double rank system this is a formation in which the servicemen of one rank are located in the back of the head of the servicemen of the other rank at a distance of one step (outstretched arm, palm placed on the shoulder of the serviceman in front). The ranks are called the first, and the second. When you turn the formation, the names of the ranks do not change
After that, the commander explains, shows and gives definitions: distance, formation, depth of formation, row.

Distance- the distance in depth between military personnel, subunits and units.

The commander suggests checking the distance between the ranks, for which the trainees of the second rank, stretching out their left hand, put her palm on the shoulder of the person in front.

Two-tier system and its elements

Depth

Row- two servicemen standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head to one another. If a soldier of the second rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the first rank, such a row is called incomplete; the last row must always be complete.

When turning the two-tier formation around, the servicemen of an incomplete row move into the front standing rank.

Single-row and double-row systems can be closed or open.

In closed formation, servicemen in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows.

In open formation servicemen in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander. To show an open formation, the commander opens the two-rank formation and explains that in the open formation, the trainees in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or at intervals indicated by the commander. Then the commander puts questions to the trainees, checking how they have learned the material they have learned. If the trainees have mastered the positions of the deployed formation and its elements, the commander proceeds to training.

During the training, after making sure that the worked out positions are mastered, the commander proceeds to show and explain the march formation.

Column- a system in which the military personnel are located at the back of the head to each other and the subunits - one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

Columns can be one, two, three, four or more. Columns are used to build subunits and units in a deployed or marching formation.

The commander indicates that the squad is built in a column of one, two, a platoon - but one, two, three each, and a platoon of four squads - in a column of four.

marching formation

Line- a system in which units are built on the same line along the front in a single-rank or two-rank formation in a line of columns at intervals established by the Charter or the commander.

The deployed system is used for inspections, calculations, reviews, parades, and also in other necessary cases.

marching formation- a formation in which a unit is built in a column or units in columns are built one after the other at distances established by the Charter or the commander.

The marching formation is used for the movement of units during the march, the passage of a solemn march, with a song, as well as in other
necessary cases.

Naming the elements of the march formation shown in Fig., the commander gives their definition:

Build - a column of two.

Guide - a serviceman (unit) moving head in the indicated direction. The rest of the servicemen (subunits) coordinate their movement along the guide.

trailing- a soldier (unit, vehicle) moving last in the column.

Depth- the distance from the first rank (in front of the standing soldier) to the last rank (behind the standing soldier).

For clarity, when showing the elements of the formation, it is advisable to build one of the squads in front of the formation of a platoon (company) and show all the elements of the formation on it.

After showing marching formations and their elements, the commander checks the assimilation of the practiced techniques by asking control questions.

Machine line - a system in which cars are placed on the same line one next to the other.

Wing - the right (left) edge of the system. During formation turns, the names of the flanks do not change.

Front - the side of the formation, in which the military personnel are facing, and the cars - with the frontal part.

Back side of the system the side opposite the front.

Interval - the distance along the front between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and units.

Distance - the distance in depth between military personnel (vehicles), subunits and units.

System Width - the distance between the flanks.

Depth - the distance from the first line (a soldier who stands in front) to the last line (a soldier who stands behind), and during operations on vehicles - the distance from the first line of vehicles (vehicles that stand in front) to the last line of vehicles (vehicles that stand behind).

Double rank system - a formation in which the servicemen of one line are located in the back of the head of the servicemen of the other line at a distance of one step (outstretched arm, palm placed on the shoulder of the serviceman in front). The ranks are called the first and second. When you turn the formation, the names of the ranks do not change.

Row - two servicemen standing in a two-rank formation at the back of the head to one another. If a serviceman of the first rank does not stand in the back of the head behind the soldier of the second rank, this is called incomplete; the last row must always be complete.

When turning the two-rank system around, the serviceman of an incomplete row passes into the front standing line independently.

Single-row and double-row systems can be closed or open. In close formation, the servicemen in ranks are located in front of one another at intervals equal to the width of the palm between the elbows. In an open formation, military personnel in ranks are located along the front one from the other at intervals of one step or intervals indicated by the commander.

Column - system, in which a serviceman or units (vehicles) are located one (one) after another (one) at distances established by this Charter or by the commander.

Columns can be lined up one by one, two by three, four or more soldiers. Columns are used to build military personnel, subunits and units in a deployed or marching formation.

Line - a formation in which military personnel, units (vehicles) are built on the same line along the front in a single-rank or two-rank formation (in a line of vehicles) or in a line of columns at intervals established by this Charter or by the commander.

Line used for inspections, calculations, reviews, parades, as well as in other necessary cases.

marching formation - a formation in which a unit is built in a column or units in columns lined up one after another at distances established by this Charter or by the commander. The marching formation is used for the movement of units, the passage of a solemn march or with a song, and in other necessary cases.

guide - a soldier (unit, vehicle) who moves at the head of the formation in a certain direction. The rest of the military personnel (units, vehicles) must move behind the guide.

trailing - a soldier (unit, vehicle) who moves last in the column.

Linear - a serviceman, intended to mark the line of construction of subunits and units, as well as the line of passage of a solemn march.

Formation control

The formation is controlled by commands and orders, which are given by the commander by voice, signals and personal example, and which are transmitted using technical and mobile means. Commands and orders can be transmitted along the column through the commanders of subunits (senior vehicles) and observers. In the ranks, the senior commander is located where it is more convenient for him to command. Other commanders carry out control, remaining in the places established by this Charter or by the senior commander.

The commanders of subunits from a company and above in the march formation of a battalion and regiment are allowed to go out of action only to issue commands and check their implementation.

Management in the car is carried out by commands and orders, which are given by voice and by means of intercom.

Teams are divided into preliminary and executive , commands can be and only executive.

Preliminary command is given clearly (expressively), loudly and drawlingly, so that the servicemen understand what actions the commander requires of them. On a preliminary command, servicemen in the ranks take a combat stance, move to a combat stance while on the move, and out of formation turn towards the commander and take a combat stance.

Executive Team served after a pause, loudly, abruptly and clearly. On the executive command, its immediate and exact execution is carried out.

In order to attract the attention of a unit or an individual soldier, the name of the unit or the rank and surname of the soldier is called in the preliminary command, if necessary.

For example: "Platoon (3rd platoon) - STOP." "Private Petrov, Kru-GOM."

When performing tricks with weapons in the preliminary command, if necessary, the name of the weapon is indicated.

For example: "Automatic machines on - CHEST". "Machine guns on - re-MEN", etc.

If necessary, the subunit (unit) commander assigns additional signals to control the formation.

Commands (signals) that concern all units are received immediately and carried out by all unit commanders, commanders and senior vehicles.

When a command is given, the signal "ATTENTION" is given beforehand, and if the command concerns only one of the units, then a signal is given that concerns this unit. The corresponding signals that designate subunits are set by the unit (subunit) commander.

The readiness to accept a command by a signal is also indicated by the signal "ATTENTION".

Acceptance of a signal is confirmed by repeating it or by giving an appropriate signal to your unit.

To stop the reception, the command "STOP" is given. This command accepts the position that was before the reception was performed.

During training, it is allowed to perform the drill techniques and movements specified in this Charter by divisions, as well as with the help of preparatory exercises, for example: "Assault rifle on the chest, by divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO, do - THREE"; "To the right, along the divisions: do - ONE, do - TWO."

The construction of military personnel, units is carried out on the command "STAND". At this command, you must quickly get into line at the interval and distance determined by the Charter, put your heels together, and spread your socks along the front line to the width of the foot; look straight ahead.

Duties of military personnel before formation and in the ranks

The soldier must:

- check the serviceability of their weapons, weapons and equipment assigned to them, ammunition, personal protective equipment, entrenching tools, uniforms and equipment;

- have a short neat hairstyle;

- neatly refuel uniforms, properly put on and fit equipment, help a friend eliminate noticed shortcomings;

- know your place in the ranks, get into the ranks quickly, without fuss; while moving, maintain alignment, interval and distance; not to break down (machines) without permission;

- in the ranks without permission, do not talk, maintain complete silence; be attentive to orders (instructions) and commands (signals) of your commander, carry them out quickly and accurately, without interfering with others;

- transmit orders (instructions), commands (signals) without distortion, loudly and clearly.

drill stand

The combat stance is accepted by the command "STAND" or « QUIETLY »

This command requires:

- quickly become in formation and stand straight, without tension,

- put the heels together, and deploy the socks along the front line to the width of the foot;

- straighten the legs at the knees, but do not strain;

- raise the chest, and the whole body slightly forward;

- pick up the stomach; expand shoulders;

- lower your hands so that the hands, palms facing inward, are on the side and in the middle of the thighs, and the fingers are half-bent and touch the thigh;

- keep your head high and straight, without exposing your chin;

- look straight ahead be ready for immediate action.

On the spot, at the command "QUIET", quickly take a combat stance and do not move.

The position "at attention" on the spot is accepted without a command:

- during the performance of the National Anthem,

- when giving and receiving orders,

- when reporting and addressing military personnel to each other,

- during a military salute,

- when giving commands.

At the command "FREE", become free, loosen the right or left leg at the knee, but do not move, do not weaken attention, do not talk.

In order to check if the combat stance is taken correctly, it is necessary to try to raise the toes of the legs. If the position of the combatant was taken incorrectly by someone, that is, the body was not given a little forward, then this action will be performed easily.

To eliminate this error, you need to rise to failure on your toes, and then, without changing the position of the body, that is, leaving it slightly forward, lower yourself on the entire foot. If in this case the position of the combat stance is taken correctly, then when the toes are raised again, this action will not be possible to perform.

To check the correct position of the head, without lowering the head, look down in front of you. With the correct position of the head, the soldier should see the closest point on the parade ground two or three steps from his feet, any other position of the head will be incorrect.

At the command "REFUEL", without leaving your place in the ranks, fix weapons, uniforms and equipment; if necessary, get out of order - with permission, contact your immediate supervisor; talking and smoking - only with the permission of the senior commander. Before the command "REFUEL", the command "LONG" is given.

To take off the hats, the command "HEADWEAR (HEADWARE) REMOVE" is given, and to put on - "HEADWEAR (HEADWARE) TO PUT ON". If necessary, single military personnel take off their hats and put them on without a command. The removed headdress is held in the left freely lowered hand with a cockade forward.

Without weapons or with weapons in the “behind the back” position, the headgear is removed and put on with the right hand, and with weapons in the “on the belt”, “on the chest” and “at the leg” positions, with the left. When removing a headgear with a carbine in the “shoulder” position, the carbine is first taken to the leg.

Turns in place.

Turns on the spot are performed according to the commands: "Direction-IN", "Half-turn right-IN". "Nale-VO", "Half-turn on left-VO". "Cru-GOM".

Turns "Kru-GOM" (for 1/2 circle), "Nale-VO" (for 1/4 circle), "Half-turn on the left-VO" (for 1/8 circle) are made towards the left hand on the left heel and on the right toe; "To the right" and "Half turn to the right" - towards the right hand on the right heel and on the left toe.

Turns are performed in two counts: on the first count, turn around, maintaining the correct position of the body, and, without bending the legs at the knees, transfer the weight of the body to the front leg, on the second count, put the other leg in the shortest way.

The heel of the standing leg behind and the toe of the standing one in front should be deployed so that after the end of the turn, the socks are deployed to the width of the foot. The position of the hands should be, as in the combat stance.

When performing turns on the spot, the following errors are typical:

- premature rotation of the body on a preliminary command,

- bending the legs at the knees,

- waving arms when turning,

- head tilt down

- deflection of the body back,

- turn not on the heel, but on the whole foot.

- incomplete reversal,

- attaching the leg not in the shortest way and at the same time swinging the body.