Dear Parents! Which fish eats which? Predatory lake fish. Predatory fish of the sea Shark ruff Dolphin pike what unites them
Fish are a superclass of aquatic vertebrates. They are characterized by gill breathing. They are distributed in both fresh and salt waters; both in mountain streams and in deep ocean trenches. These creatures play a critical role in many aquatic ecosystems and have a huge economic importance for a person. Such is their a brief description of. As you may have guessed, this article will focus on fish, in particular predatory inhabitants underwater kingdom. We will tell you about the most famous and striking predators: you will find out what they eat and what kind of fish eats.
Some lyrics...
As a rule, on a fine sunny day, the water surface reminds us large mirror. One has only to look into this "mirror", as clouds floating through the heavens, as well as trees leaning over a reservoir, will be immediately visible in it. At this moment it may seem that the reservoir is empty and dead, but it is not at all! In fact, life is in full swing under this mirror surface! Sometimes there even flare up serious passions. One of the main actors in this underwater "play" are fish. You won’t immediately understand which fish eats which, but it happens there with enviable regularity!
Who are the fish?
We have presented a brief scientific description of these animals above. If to speak plain language, then fish is usually called all vertebrates that inhabit fresh and salt water sources. Almost all fish have paired limbs, represented by fins, and their respiratory organs are gills. In terms of zoological classification, fish are common name, which unites 6 independent classes (groups), which differ from each other in one way or another, one of which indicates that the fish belongs to predatory or peaceful individuals. In this article, we are more interested in predators. Let's find out which fish eats which.
perch
This is a typical inhabitant of fresh water bodies of our country. Common perch belongs to the most numerous class of highly organized fish - to ray-finned ones. Its body is laterally compressed, has an oval shape and consists of three sections: head, torso, tail. Perch, like all other fish, breathes with gills, so oxygen is vital to it. And he has it, but not quite the same as ours: fish extract oxygen not from the air, but from the water. To do this, the fish is forced to swallow air through the mouth, driving it through the gill cavity, located under the gill covers.
What does the common perch eat?
Common perch is a predatory lake fish. It is found in rivers, lakes, ponds, reservoirs in Europe and North Asia. Perch was introduced to Africa, New Zealand, Australia. The diet of these fish is made up of others. Initially, the perch fry feed on zooplankton, and as soon as they grow up, they begin to hunt the young of other perch and cyprinids. These fish begin to feed on fry of other relatives, as a rule, in the second year of their life. With age, the common perch turns to hunting for larger and more mobile fish.
How do perches hunt?
Adults are agile and quite strong predators. They swim very fast, sometimes stopping completely, but then instantly rush forward. These fish have a huge mouth located at the front end of the head. In the mouth, even with the naked eye, you can see the jaws, studded with numerous teeth, however, small ones. If perches start their hunt, then someone will definitely not be in trouble!
Predatory lake fish can pursue their prey long and hard. The perch rushes after it, opening its huge mouth and making a kind of “champing”. Fishermen say that a frightened victim often jumps out of the water, but this still does not save her: the perch gets what he wants. Sometimes these predators, too carried away by the pursuit of their prey, run aground after it, and sometimes onto the coastal sand ... In general, perches are predators from God: these voracious creatures will not miss a single creature able to fit in their wide mouth.
Common pike
Common pike is a predatory fish that inhabits fresh water North America and all of Eurasia. Usually it can be found in the coastal zone, in water thickets, in slow-flowing or completely stagnant waters. From this point of view, pikes are river predators. But often they are also found in desalinated areas of certain seas. For example, you can meet pike in Riga, Finnish and Baltic Sea, as well as in the Taganrog Bay Sea of Azov. So from this point of view, pikes are predatory fish of the sea.
What does the common pike eat?
Her main diet is based on representatives various kinds fish. For example, they are happy to attack:
- perches;
- ruff;
- minnows;
- scavengers;
- minnows;
- bream;
- goltsov;
- sculpin gobies.
Answering the question about which fish eats what, avid fishermen say that it is the pike that comes to mind, which eats roach with pleasure. It is understandable: the fact is that the pike is the unspoken symbol of all river predators in our country, and the roach is her favorite food.
Ichthyologists describe cases when these fish grabbed and dragged mice, rats, little ducklings, waders and even squirrels into the water! All these animals swam across fresh water during their seasonal migrations. Large individuals can generally attack adult ducks, especially during their molt. In spring and at the beginning of the summer season, pikes readily feed on crayfish and frogs. By the way, a fish that is almost twice the size of the predator itself can often become a victim of a pike!
The most dangerous and predatory fish on Earth - white shark
The predatory fish, called the man-eating shark, carcharodon, or great white shark, is the most feared and one of largest fish on our planet. On average, these predators grow up to 4.7 meters in length, however, ichthyologists have recorded individual individuals reaching 7 meters in length and weighing up to 1900 kilograms. Sharks do not have bones, their skeleton consists entirely of cartilage. The skin of many of them is covered with razor-sharp spines. It is curious that the inhabitants of some islands use shark skin as a grinding material.
Where do white sharks live?
Their distribution area is huge! These predators live in open oceans and coastal waters of the island and continental shelves, the temperature of which reaches 13-25 degrees Celsius. But there are also sharks who prefer to swim in tropical waters. The main territory of the accumulation of these monsters is coastal waters Baja California (Mexico), California (USA), New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and mediterranean sea. This scary fish can be found (but it is better not to meet!) and East coast USA, off the coast of Cuba, Argentina, Brazil, etc. She inhabits the Red Sea ( Indian Ocean), Seychelles, the waters of Mauritius, etc.
What does the white shark eat?
White sharks are predatory fish (photo below), devouring everything in their path. “A wolf on land is a shark in the sea,” sailors say. And not in vain! These dangerous predators whole flocks pursue ships in anticipation that a person or other living creatures will fall into the water. But, as a rule, this does not happen, so white sharks (and sharks in general) with great pleasure devour everything that ill-mannered people do not throw into trash cans, but straight from ships into the seas and oceans:
- cans;
- flasks;
- empty bottles;
- disposable tableware;
- other rubbish.
If we talk about animal feed, then these fish hunt mainly in the daytime and eat animals such as:
- slopes;
- tuna;
- other sharks;
- dolphins;
- porpoises;
- whales;
- seals;
- seals;
- sea turtles;
- birds.
White sharks can also be scavengers: they will never bypass the carcass of a dead whale. By the way, the hunting tactics of these predators directly depends on this or that prey. For example, off Force Island they attack Cape seals at high speeds, and off the coast of California they immobilize northern ones, these sea predators grab them right from the surface of the water, dragging them into the depths of the sea.
Description of the presentation on individual slides:
1 slide
Description of the slide:
LESSON OF THE WORLD IN THE 3rd CLASS. "TYPES OF ANIMALS". Teacher primary school MBOU secondary school №14 Balei Zabaykalsky Krai Cherednichenko Valentina Ivanovna Where is the truth, and where is fiction, legend, lies, Without the science of animals you will not understand.
2 slide
Description of the slide:
Game "Find out who I am?". 1. My body temperature is seven degrees higher than that of a human. 2. Each of my feet has two toes in front and two in the back. 3. When I fly, I make undulating movements. 4. My stiff, spiky tail feathers help me hunt. 5. My diet consists mainly of insects - woodworms, as well as ants, acorns, flying insects, berries, plant sap. 6. My nest is a hollow in a tree, which I myself make. 7. With my beak I do wood carving.
3 slide
Description of the slide:
1. I move fast now, but in my youth I moved much more slowly. 2. I usually hunt near water. 3. I eat flying insects. 4. I am a very good flyer. 5. Sometimes I have exquisite, rich coloration. 6. I have cold blood, and the skeleton is outside, not inside. 7. I have two legs more than a mouse and very big eyes. 8. My four wings make me look like a helicopter in flight.
4 slide
Description of the slide:
The game "Who is superfluous?" 1. Fox, hare, giraffe, dolphin, panda, elephant. There are no superfluous ones: a dolphin is a mammal, gives birth to live cubs, feeds them with milk; breathes with lungs. 2. Ostrich, penguin, swallow, bat, flamingo, woodpecker. The bat is a mammal, the body is covered with hair. 3. Butterfly, bumblebee, grasshopper, ladybug, spider, dragonfly. A spider is not an insect, because has 8 legs, the body is divided into two parts: the cephalothorax and abdomen. Belongs to the group of arachnids. 4. Pike, perch, whale, crucian carp, shark, sturgeon. The whale is a mammal. Like dolphins, whales breathe with lungs, give birth to live babies and feed them with their milk.
5 slide
Description of the slide:
6 slide
Description of the slide:
7 slide
Description of the slide:
INSECT PASSPORT. 1. Representatives of the group. Grasshopper, butterfly, bee, ant, dragonfly, ladybug, firefly, cricket, fly… 2. Habitat. Water, air, earth. 3. The structure of the body (departments). The body is divided into 3 parts: head, chest, abdomen. 4. Integuments of the body. Chitinous cover. 5. Organs of movement. 6 legs, 4 wings 6. Respiratory organs. trachea 7. Reproduction. They are derived from eggs. 8. Body temperature. Variable, temperature dependent environment. They belong to cold-blooded animals.
8 slide
Description of the slide:
FISH PASSPORT. 1. Representatives of the group. Shark, crucian, perch, pike, carp, sea Horse, sturgeon, pink salmon, herring ... 2. Habitat. Water 3. Body structure (departments). Head, body, tail. 4. Integuments of the body. The body is covered with scales. 5. Organs of movement. Fins. 6. Respiratory organs. Gills 7. Reproduction. Are removed from caviar. 8. Body temperature. Fickle. The mobility of fish depends on the temperature of the water. Cold-blooded.
9 slide
Description of the slide:
PASSPORT OF AMPHIBIAN (AMPHIBIA). 1. Representatives of the group. Toad, frog, newt, salamander, tree frog… 2. Habitat. Some life lives on land, some lives in water. 3. The structure of the body (departments). Head, torso, 4 legs. Some have a tail. 4. Integuments of the body. The body is covered with bare moist skin. 5. Organs of movement. 4 legs 6. Respiratory organs. Gills, lungs and skin. 7. Reproduction. Are removed from caviar. 8. Body temperature. Variable, dependent on ambient temperature. They belong to cold-blooded animals.
10 slide
Description of the slide:
PASSPORT OF REPTILES (REPTILES). 1. Representatives of the group. Crocodile, turtle, snake, lizard, boa constrictor, chameleon... 2. Habitat. Mostly on dry land. 3. The structure of the body (departments). Head, neck, body, tail. 4. Integuments of the body. The skin is dry, covered with horny scales or shell. 5. Organs of movement. 4 legs or none at all. 6. Respiratory organs. Lungs. 7. Reproduction. They are derived from eggs. 8. Body temperature. Variable, dependent on ambient temperature. They belong to cold-blooded animals.
11 slide
Expansion of ideas about the underwater world of seas, rivers, lakes and their inhabitants. About the fish appearance, lifestyle and habits. Clarification, expansion and activation of the dictionary on the topic.
Dear parents! theme of this weeks « Undersea world. Fish» . We offer you some recommendations on working with children to consolidate this topic.
Children must learn: main titles aquatic life, body parts of fish, habitat, what they eat; fish products, seafood, fisherman, fish factory.
The child's vocabulary should include words: fish, snail, frog, sea fish, sea creatures; feed, food; swim, crawl, catch; predators, pond, lake, reservoir, sea, river, hunting; carp, perch, catfish, pike, shark, whale, seahorse, jellyfish, octopus; body, fin, tail, gills, scales; toothy, predatory, long, mustachioed, striped, silvery; catch, hunt, swim, eat, breed, hide.
1. Tell your child about the inhabitants underwater world (seas, rivers, ocean, lakes).
2. Pay attention to the habits, nutrition, structure of these animals.
3. Answer the questions: what do fish have instead of legs? Why can they breathe in water?
4. Review the illustrations with your child underwater inhabitants of the seas, rivers. lakes..
Grammar
1
"The fourth extra
»
(name an extra item
explain your choice using words "because")
Shark, whale, dolphin, ruff.
fins, wool, scales, gills.
Puddle, sea, river, aquarium. .
Shark, moray eel, pike, swordtail.
2.
"Call it sweetly"
(formation of diminutive adjectives)
crucian - carp(dolphin, pike, frog, shrimp, crayfish, ruff, catfish)
3.
"Giants"
(formation of the word-formation skill of nouns with magnifying suffixes)
Minnow - minnow
4.
"Count the Catch"
(coordination of numerals with nouns in gender, number and case):
One gudgeon, three minnow, five minnows
(Scalar, frog, jellyfish, swordsman, pike, snail, octopus, cancer whale, walrus, gold fish, shark, crucian carp, turtle, shrimp, pink salmon)
5.
"Whose?
»
(formation of possessive adjectives)
The shark's head is... shark.
A pike has fins - ... A frog has paws - ...
A fish has eyes - ... A turtle has a shell - ...
The whale has a tail - ... The dolphin has eyes - ...
6. "Yummy » (what can be cooked from fish and seafood?)
7. Memorize a poem by Irina Tokmakova "Where does the fish sleep?"
Dark at night. Quiet at night.
Fish, fish, where do you sleep?
The fox trail leads to the hole,
Dog's footprint - to the kennel.
Belkin's trail leads to a hollow,
Myshkin - to a hole in the floor.
It is a pity that in the river, on the water,
There are no traces of you anywhere.
Only darkness, only silence.
Fish, fish, where do you sleep?
8. Make and explain riddles by topic:
Here - where we do not throw our eyes -
Water blue expanse.
In it, the wave rises as a wall,
White crest above the wave.
And sometimes it's quiet here.
Did everyone recognize him? (Sea)
There was a rumor about him:
Eight legs and a head.
To make it worse for everyone
He releases ink. (Octopus)
I explain to the child
To avoid errors:
I am a beast, I breathe air
But it looks like a big fish.
In water polo I'm agile
And I play ball with the children. (Dolphin)
A block rose above the water -
This is a very angry fish.
Showed her fin
And disappeared again in an instant. (Shark)
Connected speech. Make up a story according to the algorithm.
WHO IS IT?
COLOUR
BODY PARTS
WHAT IS THE BODY COVERED WITH?
WHERE DOES YOU LIVE?
BENEFITS TO HUMANS
To develop children's knowledge about the main groups of animals: insects, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
To expand the knowledge of children about the diversity of animals, introduce them to worms, crustaceans, arachnids and molluscs.
To acquaint with the classification of animals and their group characteristics.
Download:
Preview:
The lesson of the environment.
Subject: Diversity of animals.
Goals: 1. To develop children's knowledge about the main groups of animals: insects, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
2. Expand children's knowledge of the diversity of animals, introduce worms, crustaceans, arachnids and molluscs.
3. Learn to compare and identify essential features.
4. Introduce the classification of animals and their group characteristics.
Planned results:students will learn to classify animals according to their group characteristics, identify them using the atlas-determinant, argue, draw conclusions.
Equipment:
- task cards;
- table printouts;
- a folding book "Diversity of Animals";
- "cube of insects";
- handout demonstration material with pictures of animals;
- presentation "Diversity of animals";
- laptop, screen, multimedia projector;
- illustrated encyclopedia "Zoology";
- cards with the image of animals for the game "Find out by description" (raccoon, woodpecker, dragonfly).
During the classes.
I. Organizational moment.
The long-awaited call is given,
The lesson starts.
And books and notebooks
And thoughts are fine.
II. Knowledge update. Motivation.
Which 4 large groups(kingdoms) scientists divide living beings?(slide number 2) (Plants, animals, fungi, bacteria.)
Game "Find out who I am?".
The animal is guessed. It is described from complex to simple. One of the students acts as an animal (he prepares his performance in advance). He talks about
animal in one sentence. In his hands he holds a card with an image of an animal, but does not show it to the class until the guys guess.
If the guys guessed the animal quickly, anyway, the description of this animal is heard to the end.
Raccoon (poloskun).
1. I feed my children with milk and lick their fur.
2. I have a strong build, but I am very agile.
3. I am more afraid of dogs than people.
4. My varied diet consists of rodents, rabbits, birds, eggs, frogs, fish, insects, acorns, fruits, carrion and grains.
5. I live in a hollow tree, among stones, or in a large hole.
6. I am a nocturnal animal.
7. I have very curious and smart fingers.
8. I prefer to live near rivers and lakes.
9. The black mask under my eyes helps me hunt; Before I eat my food, I like to rinse it in water.
Woodpecker.
1. My body temperature is seven degrees higher than that of a human.
2. Each of my feet has two toes in front and two in the back.
3. When I fly, I make undulating movements.
4. My stiff, spiky tail feathers help me hunt.
5. My diet consists mainly of insects - woodworms, as well as ants, acorns, flying insects, berries, plant sap.
6. My nest is a hollow in a tree, which I myself make.
7. With my beak I do wood carving.
Dragonfly.
1. I move fast now, but in my youth I moved much more slowly.
2. I usually hunt near water.
3. I eat flying insects.
4. I am a very good flyer.
5. Sometimes I have exquisite, rich coloration.
6. I have cold blood, and the skeleton is outside, not inside.
7. I have two legs more than a mouse and very big eyes.
8. My four wings make me look like a helicopter in flight.
After the end of the game, cards with the image of animals are posted on the board.
What is the name of this group of living beings in a nutshell?(The animal kingdom.)
Name the representatives of this kingdom.
Name the topic of the lesson.
Teacher. Today we will go with you to the amazing Kingdom - this is the Kingdom of animals. In the magical kingdom, the animal state animal world also called fauna. In this state, the Goddess Fauna herself welcomes us, she carefully guards her Kingdom. Fauna in Roman mythologygoddess of forests and fields, patroness of animals.(Slide number 3.)
On slide number 4 are photos of representatives various groups animals.
What representatives of this Kingdom do you see?(Bear, magpie, bee, pike, frog, turtle.)
To which group Can animals be included?
Children name the corresponding groups of animals, and as a result, next to the photos on the slide, group names:
- mammals (animals)
- birds
- insects
- fish
- amphibians (amphibians)
- reptiles (reptiles)
Teacher. You came to know the animal kingdom,
Their secrets and riddles will have to be guessed!
The game "Who is superfluous?" (slides #5-10)
Who is superfluous in a group? Why? What is the name of the remaining animals in one word?
The children make their guesses. There is a dispute. The teacher emphasizes disagreements, strengthens contradictions.
Again no consensus. What can we do to know exactly where the mistake is, the misconception about the animal?
(Study these groups of animals.)
To find significant distinguishing featureseach group of animals. Means, What question will we focus on in our study?(slide 11a)
What are the characteristics of each group of animals?
The teacher shows a slide with a written question. ( slide 11b)
Teacher. Where is the truth, and where is fiction, legend, lie,
You can't understand without animal science.
What science studying animals?Find the answer in the text of the textbook (p. 78).
(Zoology.)
Teacher. Animals are studied by the science of zoology. Its name comes from two Greek words: "ZON" - "animal" and "LOGOS" - "teaching".(slide 12)
And today in the animal kingdom you will be in the role of zoologists.
1st group will study mammals, 2nd - birds, 3rd - insects,
4th - fish, 5th - amphibians, 6th - reptiles.
III. Research in small groups.
Teacher. On the tables you have photographs of representatives of animals of this group, textbooks, text about this group of animals and a table that needs to be filled out.(Each group is assigned a consultant who will guide the activities of the entire team.)
Like real scientists, let's make work plan. What do we need to do to find the answer to the question?
(A work plan is written on slide No. 13.)
- Read text.
- View photos.
- Fill in the table, noting what features animals have - representatives of this group.
Group rules. (slide number 14)
- Work in a group together, remember: you are one team.
- accept Active participation at work, do not stand aside.
- Don't be afraid to speak your mind.
- Work quietly, don't try to outshout everyone. Respect the opinions of other group members.
- Work on your own, don't rely on others.
- Answer at the blackboard loudly, clearly, briefly.
- In case of an incorrect answer, do not blame anyone, answer for yourself. Remember: everyone has the right to make mistakes.
- If you cannot choose who will represent your group at the board, then use a rhyme or lot.
Students work in groups to complete the table.
Mammals or animals. | ||
Group representatives. | ||
Habitat. | ||
The structure of the body (departments). | ||
Body covers. | ||
organs of movement. | ||
Respiratory system. | ||
Reproduction. | ||
Body temperature. |
Similar tables for birds, insects, amphibians, reptiles, fish.
IV. Information exchange.
Give each group an opportunity to present information. Simultaneously with the presentation of work, children transfer dataabout essential features groups of animals into a single table. This table is an amalgamation of all the tables that the groups completed on their worksheets.
Pupils present to the attention of the audience an information product -Animal Passport.
Passport of a mammal or beast.(slide 15)
Group representatives. | Zebra, dolphin, squirrel, mole, kangaroo, bat, elephant, tiger, walrus, lion, deer, giraffe, whale… |
|
Habitat. | On land, in water, in the ground. |
|
The structure of the body (departments). | Head, neck, torso, tail, 4 legs. |
|
Body covers. | The body is covered with wool. |
|
organs of movement. | 4 legs |
|
Respiratory system. | Breathe easy. |
|
Reproduction. | They give birth to live babies.The babies are fed with milk. |
|
Body temperature. | Constant, approximately +37. Warm-blooded animals. |
Why is this group called "mammals"?
(“Mleko” is “milk.” Cubs are fed with milk.)
What is the main characteristic of this group?
(Cubs are fed with milk.)
Teacher. The birth of live cubs cannot be considered a sign characteristic of all animals. On this basis, biologists divide animals into 3 groups:
- oviparous;
- marsupials;
- placental.
The first ones, you guessed it, lay eggs (platypus, echidna).
The second carry the cubs in a bag on the stomach (kangaroo, koala).
Placental cubs develop in the mother's body (fox, whale).
Teacher. The body is covered with hair - also cannot be considered a sign characteristic of all animals. Dolphins and whales don't have fur. Like dolphins, whales, huge marine animals, breathe with lungs and give birth to live young, which they feed with their milk.
(Slide number 16) Platypus and echidna- two unusual mammals which lay eggs in soft shells.
Bird passport. (slide 17)
Group representatives. | Stork, owl, pelican, hummingbird, ostrich, peacock, penguin, woodpecker, swallow, heron... |
|
Habitat. | On land, in the air. |
|
The structure of the body (departments). | Head, |
|
Body covers. | The body is covered with feathers. |
|
organs of movement. | 2 legs, 2 wings. |
|
Respiratory system. | Lungs. |
|
Reproduction. | They are born from eggs. |
|
Body temperature. | Constant, approximately +42. It does not depend on the ambient temperature. Warm-blooded. |
What is the characteristic of all birds?
(The body is covered with feathers.)
Insect passport.(slide 18)
Group representatives. | Grasshopper, butterfly, bee, ant, dragonfly, ladybug, firefly, cricket, fly… |
|
Habitat. | Water, air, earth. |
|
The structure of the body (departments). | The body is divided into 3 parts: head, chest, abdomen. |
|
Body covers. | Chitinous cover. |
|
organs of movement. | 6 legs, 4 wings |
|
Respiratory system. | trachea |
|
Reproduction. | They are derived from eggs. |
|
Body temperature. |
Why is this group called "insects"?
(They have notches on the abdomen.)
What is the characteristic of all insects?
(Six legs.)
Fish passport. (slide 19)
Group representatives. | Shark, crucian carp, perch, pike, carp, seahorse, sturgeon, pink salmon, herring... |
|
Habitat. | Water |
|
The structure of the body (departments). | Head, body, tail. |
|
Body covers. | The body is covered with scales. |
|
organs of movement. | Fins. |
|
Respiratory system. | Gills |
|
Reproduction. | Are removed from caviar. |
|
Body temperature. | Fickle. The mobility of fish depends on the temperature of the water. Cold-blooded. |
What is the characteristic feature of fish?
(The body is covered with scales.)
Passport of an amphibian (amphibian).(slide 20)
Group representatives. | Toad, frog, newt, salamander, tree frog... |
|
Habitat. | Some life lives on land, some lives in water. |
|
The structure of the body (departments). | Head, torso, 4 legs. Some have a tail. |
|
Body covers. | ||
organs of movement. | 4 legs |
|
Respiratory system. | Gills, lungs and skin. |
|
Reproduction. | Are removed from caviar. |
|
Body temperature. | Variable, dependent on ambient temperature. They belong to cold-blooded animals. |
Why is this group called "amphibians"?
(Part of life lives on land, part - in water.)
What trait is characteristic of all amphibians?
(Naked wet skin.)
Passport of a reptile (reptile).(slide 21)
Group representatives. | Crocodile, turtle, snake, lizard, boa constrictor, chameleon... |
|
Habitat. | Mostly on dry land. |
|
The structure of the body (departments). | Head, neck, body, tail. |
|
Body covers. | The skin is dry, covered with horny scales or shell. |
|
organs of movement. | 4 legs or none at all. |
|
Respiratory system. | Lungs. |
|
Reproduction. | They are derived from eggs. |
|
Body temperature. | Variable, dependent on ambient temperature. They belong to cold-blooded animals. |
Why is this group called "reptiles"?
(These animals crawl, crawl.)
What is the characteristic of all reptiles?
(The skin is dry, covered with horny scales.)
Cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals.
To maintain life, it is extremely important to maintain a certain body temperature. Animals solve this problem in two ways. Some, like reptiles, use solar energy. They bask in the sun and cool in the shade. These animals are calledcold-blooded. Their body temperature depends on the ambient temperature. Cold-blooded animals include insects, fish, amphibians, and reptiles.
Unlike them, birds and mammals get energy from food. Thanks to their skin, hair, fur or plumage, they store the energy received in the process of metabolism and maintainconstant temperaturebody regardless of the ambient temperature. They belong to warm-blooded animals.
Which group do you belong to?
What about dinosaurs?
General pivot table(slide 22)
animal groups | Distinctive features of the group |
Insects | 6 legs, notches on the abdomen. |
Fish | The body is covered with scales. They move with the help of fins. |
Amphibians | Bare wet skin. |
reptiles | Dry skin with horny scales. |
Birds | The body is covered with feathers. |
Mammals or animals | The babies are fed with milk. |
Number of species. (slide 23)
Scientists know about 1 million 500 thousand species of animals. Over a million of them insects . Pisces about 20,000 species are known amphibians - 3,400, reptiles - 6,000, birds - 8,600, animals - 4,000.
But not all animals living on Earth are known to scientists. Quite often it is possible to find new species, especially insects. Most of them are discovered in tropical forests.
Which animal group has the most species?(Insects.)
Teacher. There are more than 1 million species of insects on our planet. There are twice as many insects on Earth than all other animal species combined.
(The teacher demonstrates the Insect Cube.)
But after all, each species is thousands, millions of individual living beings. How many of them are there? Incredibly many. Total insects on Earth is expressed as a number consisting of one followed by 18 zeros - 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 (1 quintillion). No wonder scientists jokingly say that the Earth is a planet of insects.
Which group includes especially few species?(Amphibians.)
V. Physical education.
The hedgehog hurried to his home,
He carried supplies with him.
Through the bumps the hedgehog jumped,
He ran quickly through the forest.
Suddenly he sat down and changed -
Turned into a round ball.
And then jumped up again
And hurried to the kids.
(E. Gaiterova)
VI. Primary fastening.
1.Performing tasks in Workbook(tasks 115-119, pp. 46-47). Work in pairs.
2. The teacher offers tasks orally. The teacher calls the signs of animals, and the students determine which group they are characteristic of.
- The body is covered with bare moist skin.(Amphibians.)
- The forelimbs are wings.(Birds.)
- They have six legs. (Insects.)
- The body is covered with wool.(Mammals.)
- They have four wings.(Insects.)
- Feeding babies with milk. (Mammals.)
- Body covered with scales. (Fish.)
- Body covered with horny scales. (Reptiles.)
- Organs of locomotion - fins. (Fish.)
- The body is covered with feathers.(Birds.)
- Respiratory organs - gills. (Fish.)
Oral tasks such as "Finish the sentence":
- Minnow, perch, roach - this is ...(fish).
- Toad, newt, frog - this is ...(amphibians).
- bee, dragonfly, cockchafer- this is ... (insects).
- Swift, bullfinch, owl - this is ...(birds).
- Zebra, bear, rabbit...(mammals).
Answers to the questions of the textbook (p. 104).
No. 5. a) guesses: grasshopper, fish.
No. 6. Dolphin is a mammal, shark is a fish.
VII. What other animals are there? Textbook work (pp. 104-105).
To which group can earthworm, starfish, snail?
(Student answers.)
Teacher. Zoologists divide the animal kingdom into more groups.
What groups of animals still exist?Find the answer in the textbook (p.104-105)
- Worms
- shellfish
- Crustaceans
- arachnids
- Echinoderms
Teacher. Let's get to know them better.
The material of the variable part of the textbook is presented only by drawings. Working with drawings is determined by the content of tasks 1-4 (p. 105 of the textbook). At the same time, the discussion is accompanied by a demonstration slides #24-28.
Answers to the questions of the textbook (p. 105).
№1. General signs all worms - an elongated body, the walls of which consist of skin and muscles. Movement occurs by contraction of the muscles of the body.
No. 2. All crustaceans have 10 legs: the first pair are claws, the remaining 4 pairs are walking legs. Respiratory organs - gills. These are aquatic invertebrates.
No. 3. a) All arachnids have 8 legs.
Spiders belong to the arachnid class. Unlike insects, they have 8 legs and no wings. Their body consists of two parts, but there are eight eyes. On the abdomen of the spider there are several small tubercles - glands. A liquid is released from them, which solidifies in the air in the form of a cobweb thread.
B) Arachnids differ from insects in the number of legs (insects have 6 legs).
No. 4. shellfish differ in shape, size, color. General: everyone has a head, a torso, a leg (in squids and octopuses it is modified into tentacles); have a shell (in squids and octopuses, the rest of the shell is inside the body).
Echinoderms. As the name indicates, the skin of echinoderms is armed with needles and tubercles of various lengths. All echinoderms sometimes burrow into the mud. Most echinoderms feed on animal food. Echinoderms are found only in the seas and oceans. These include sea stars, sea urchins, sea lilies, sea cucumbers.
VIII. Organization of information.
How many groups of animals we have identified! Each has certain distinguishing features. And can we unite some groups on the basis of similarity?(Invertebrates and vertebrates.)
How do you think these groups of animals differ from each other?
Vertebratesare animals that have a backbone.
What groups of animals will we classify as invertebrates?
Which ones are for vertebrates?
Animals (slide 29)
invertebrates vertebrates
fish worms
shellfish amphibians
echinoderm reptiles
crustacean birds
arachnid mammals
insects
IX. Linking information. Generalization.
U.- So, What groups of animals can be found in the Animal Kingdom?
D. - The animal kingdom is diverse. It includes animals (or mammals), birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, insects, arachnids, crustaceans, echinoderms, mollusks, worms.
U.- Each group of animals has its ownfeaturesthrough which we can recognize animals.
D.- (Referring to the pivot table.)
- Insects have 6 legs.
- In fish, the body is covered with scales.
- Amphibians have bare, moist skin.
- Reptiles have dry skin, covered with horny scales or shell.
- The body of birds is covered with feathers.
- Mammals, or animals, feed their young with milk.
X. Summing up. Reflection.
U.- And now, having worked like real zoologists, possessing scientific knowledge about hallmarks animals, can we resolve our dispute?
(Children go back to slides #5-10 about animals “Who's the odd one out here?” and identify false statements.)
1. Fox, hare, giraffe, dolphin, panda, elephant.
There are no superfluous ones: a dolphin is a mammal, gives birth to live cubs, feeds them with milk; breathes with lungs.
2. Ostrich, penguin, swallow, bat, flamingo, woodpecker.
The bat is a mammal, the body is covered with hair.
3. Butterfly, bumblebee, grasshopper, ladybug, spider, dragonfly.
A spider is not an insect, because has 8 legs, the body is divided into two parts: the cephalothorax and abdomen. Belongs to the group of arachnids.
4. Pike, perch, whale, crucian carp, shark, sturgeon.
The whale is a mammal. Like dolphins, whales breathe with lungs, give birth to live babies and feed them with their milk.
5. Frog, snail, toad, newt, tree frog, salamander.
Snail. This is a clam. It has a soft body protected by a shell.
6. Crocodile, turtle, lizard, chameleon, cobra, snake.
There are no extras. All reptiles. They have dry skin covered with horny scales or shell.
The game "You - to me, I - to you."
Name the animal and the group that this animal belongs to.
One student names the animal, the other the group. You can play in rows.
X. Mark.
1. The teacher evaluates the work of students in the lesson.
2. Students evaluate their work in the lesson.
(Raise the green stripe for those who had an easy time in class today, the yellow one for those who had a little difficulty, the red one for those who had a very difficult time understanding a new topic today.)
XI. Homework.
Prepare a message about one of the groups of animals (optional). In the next lesson, I will invite one student to the board, who will talk about his group of animals without naming it. The task of the class is to recognize the group.
reptiles
Birds
Mammals or animals
Dear Parents!
Never force a child to study, try to
interest.
Conduct activities in a playful way.
Praise your child for success and never show yours
frustrated if something doesn't work out. Cheer
it will definitely work next time.
Znaikinoffers games and exercises on the theme "Pisces".
Talk with your child about the fact that fish live in different bodies of water: oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, ponds.
Take your child to the pet store or look at the pictures of aquarium fish:
Say complex words with your child syllabic structure: aquarium, aquarium fish, algae, nimble, swordtail, goldfish, guppy.
Make up a descriptive story with your child about the fish.
By the plug of the tailed (seine)
Invite the child to draw any fish according to
Don't forget to praise your child!
With wishes of success!
MDOU " Kindergarten"68"
teacher - speech therapist Titarenko Galina Borisovna
Connect by dots
10. Speak tongue twisters with your child
Shcha - shcha - shcha - the pike looks at the bream.
Schu - shu - shu - the bream must swim away.
The pike says to the bream:
"I will not forgive insults."
Sonya and Sanya have catfish with a mustache in their nets.
Skinny pike from the river
The fishermen brought it.
The predatory pike is more terrible,
Than the monster Koschey.
Guess the riddles:
And they don't let you fish.
The fish touches the worm -
He will immediately give a sign to the fisherman.
Dragging along the bottom
The caftan is perforated,
And in every hole 
This is a goldfish. It was bred in China through breeding work carried out among crucian carp. She lives in an aquarium. The fish is red. She has a long tail and fins.
aquarium fish cannot live in the seas because
they are freshwater; in rivers and lakes, because they are thermophilic.
fish, making riddles:
tail wags,
Toothy, not barking (pike).
Prickly, but not a hedgehog.
Who is this? (ruff).
At the bottom, where it is quiet and dark, 
A mustachioed log (catfish) lies.
catfish- large River fish. It has a large body, broad head, small tail and fins. His body is not covered with scales. Catfish is a predatory fish. He preys on other fish, frogs, chicks, waterfowl.
Pancake swims alive -
He is with a tail and a head (flounder).
aquarium or look at pictures of marine animals.
Dolphin is an animal that lives in the seas and oceans.
The dolphin is large, black, smooth. He has an oval
body, elongated muzzle, strong tail and fins.
Dolphin is a very smart animal. Sometimes dolphins rescue
sea of drowning people.
Play games with your child:
You can't even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
"Collect an Offer"
Fisherman, fishing, on, goes
Aquarium, in, swims, fishes, a lot
Kettle, in, ear, brewed
"What is the longest word?"
Ruff, catfish, carp, pink salmon
Sea, body of water, pond, river
Marine, aquarium, river, lake
" What's wrong?"
The ear is boiled from chicken.
First, the fish is boiled, and then they are caught.
Fish can talk.
« IV extra"
Pike, catfish, crucian carp, shark
Bream, dolphin, whale, hammerhead fish
Flounder, pink salmon, carp, guppies
"Who lives where?"
Develop your child's auditory attention and logical thinking.
Are you not familiar with me?
I live at the bottom of the sea.
Head and eight legs
That's all I am ... (octopus)
"Sound Lost"
They say one fisherman
I fished out a shoe in the river.
But then he
The house is hooked! (catfish).
"Smart puzzles"
If a pike is larger than a perch, and a perch is larger than a minnow, then who is the smallest?
Sasha and Maxim were fishing. They caught ruff and carp. What fish did Maxim catch if Sasha did not catch a carp?
Invite the child to remember the characters of which famous fairy tales were fish:
- pike," By magic"
Develop your child's visual attention and fine motor skills arms:
