T 14 technical specifications. Russia has just announced how many deadly Armata tanks it will build. Complex of dynamic protection "Malachite"

The new generation T-14 tank on the Armata platform was first shown in 2015 at the Victory Parade in Moscow. "This year there will also be a 'box' containing 9 T-14 Armata tanks. There will be a 'box' containing the Coalition and the Msta-S self-propelled artillery mount," the deputy said. CEO JSC NPK "Uralvagonzavod" on special equipment Vyacheslav Khalitov on the air of the radio station "Echo of Moscow" (program "Arsenal", topic: " Latest developments in a crisis", broadcast: 22:10, 04/25/2016).

How many Armata tanks were produced?

Currently, a pilot batch has been released, this is - 12 T-14 tanks and 12 T-15 vehicles, development work continues and preliminary tests are underway. This was stated by Vyacheslav Khalitov, Deputy General Director of OAO NPK Uralvagonzavod for special equipment, on the air of Ekho Moskvy.

"Experimental design work continues. Now preliminary tests are underway - these are tests that are being carried out by the chief designer. We have produced a pilot batch, part of this pilot batch is now involved in preparations for the Parade. The T-14 Armata tank will participate" in the Victory Parade. The rest of the pilot batch is now partly being tested, partly preparing for testing," Vyacheslav Khalitov said.

Contract for 100 cars

Vyacheslav Khalitov clarified that pilot batch- a little over 20 cars. "Deputy Minister of Defense Yuri Ivanovich Borisov announced that a contract has been signed with us, in which about 100 vehicles. Indeed, we have such a contract, it has been for about two years - it is long-term, we are fulfilling it, and within the framework of this contract, just a pilot batch was made. Further, the implementation of this contract continues," he said.

When asked about the timing of when these 100 vehicles should be transferred to the Armed Forces, Vyacheslav Khalitov replied:

"The projected date is 2017-18. So far, the crisis has not had a serious, significant impact on the preparation for the production of "Armata", the implementation of development work does not have."

He specified that " 12 vehicles assembled T-14 and 12 vehicles assembled T-15 - this is a pilot batch. You have to understand that development work is going on in parallel, regardless of the pilot batch."

Tanks "Armata"

Tanks T-14 "Armata" at the Victory Parade in 2015

Multi-level protection of the tank "Armata"

Vyacheslav Khalitov, speaking about the security of vehicles, said that at present the security is higher than anti-tank weapons. Having touched a little on the topic of the multi-level protection of the "Armata" tank, the following were mentioned:

• an anti-detection system that includes a number of subsystems;
• hit counter system;
• defeat countermeasure system;
• the survivability system of the machine itself.

“Thanks to this multi-level protection system as a whole, we have a fairly survivable vehicle and ensure the survival of the crew. We are now introducing the same thing during the modernization of the T-72 and T-90 tanks,” said Vyacheslav Khalitov, Deputy General Director of Uralvagonzavod for special equipment.

Engine

"The engine power in the car is laid down in such a way that it is upgraded over time, and we have several options: power of 1350, 1500 and 1800 horsepower. We are not forcing these events yet, because for now 1350 horsepower is enough to in order to test the machine and confirm the characteristics," Vyacheslav Khalitov said. In general - the characteristics are all confirmed.

How much will a serial tank cost?

The crisis will not prevent the transfer of the first batch of 100 Armata vehicles to the Russian Armed Forces in 2017-2018. Earlier there were reports that the cost of one serial tank T-14 "Armata" will be less than 250 million rubles.

The cost "will definitely be adjusted downwards. Because with a good series - it's more than 100-150 cars a year, the price will decrease. And with already well-established production," Vyacheslav Khalitov noted.

On a proactive basis

Currently, questions are being considered about the possibility of developing combat module with 152 mm gun. " We are considering this issue on an initiative basis. Indeed, such a question is being worked out and big problems we don't see it here. And it is quite acceptable to install such a combat module", - said the deputy general director of Uralvagonzavod for special equipment.

The remote control of the machine is also being considered on an initiative basis. "We are also considering the option of using the Armata in the future as a remote-controlled vehicle. That is, it is an unmanned vehicle, there is no crew inside. There is an operator who remotely controls several vehicles at a certain range, for example, from 3 to 5 kilometers" - said Vyacheslav Khalitov.

You can listen to the interview in full:

• On the website of the radio station

In 2015, at a military parade in Moscow dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, the latest Russian development, the T-14 Armata tank, was presented to the general public, which should radically affect the equipment of the Russian ground armies and determine the concept of their applications for the coming decades. This tank, positioned as a 4th generation tank, aroused great interest both in our country and around the world.

In this article, we will look at the history and background of the creation of the Armata tank, its distinctive features and technical characteristics, as well as prospects for use in real combat operations.

History and prerequisites for the creation of a new tank "Armata"

Another way

At the turn of the 2000s, 2 projects of a promising main battle tank were being developed in Russia, which should have been a replacement for the current Russian MBT - T-90. One of them is "Object 460" or "Black Eagle"(see photo above) - was the development of the Omsk Design Bureau. It had an elongated modified chassis from the T-80U tank, in which another one was added to the six rollers, as well as a narrower turret of a new design, armed with the already proven standard 125 mm smoothbore gun. It was assumed that the mass of the tank would be about 48 tons, and it would be equipped with a 1500-horsepower gas turbine engine, which would give it power density more than 30 hp / t and made it one of the most dynamic tanks in the world.

The second project - "Object 195" or "T-95"(see photo below) - was the development of the Ural Design Bureau and the Uralvagonzavod corporation. It was an "Ubertank" for its time, in which an uninhabited (unmanned) turret, armed with a formidable 152 mm smoothbore gun, was also installed on a seven-roller chassis. The crew of the tank (a total of 2 people) was housed in an isolated armored capsule in front of the hull. The weight of the tank was not small - about 55 tons, and it was supposed to be equipped with a 1650 hp diesel engine, which would also give it good dynamic characteristics.

It was assumed that kinetic energy projectile fired from the 152 mm smooth-bore gun "Object 195" is so large that if it hits the turret of an enemy tank, it simply tore it off.

But in 2009-2010, both projects had to be curtailed for several reasons. Firstly, the development of both tanks was not very active, and during the design and testing period (which is about 15-20 years), they simply became obsolete. Secondly, the transition to the use of such supertanks as the T-95 - quite expensive and resource-intensive in production - would be to some extent a transition to the German path of development of tank building during the Second World War, i.e. absolutely not justified itself "the path of royal tigers and mice." What we needed was a universal, mass-produced tank with the best value for money, like our famous T-34. And, thirdly, both of these tanks did not quite correspond to the concept of network-centric warfare.

The concept of network-centric warfare

Network-centric warfare is a modern military doctrine focused on increasing the combat effectiveness of various military formations participating in armed conflicts or modern wars, by combining all combat and auxiliary units into a single information network and, as a result, achieving infocommunication superiority over the enemy.

Those. it turns out that due to the unification and almost instantaneous communication of command and control means, reconnaissance means, as well as means of destruction and suppression, a more accelerated control of forces and means is achieved, an increase in the effectiveness of defeating enemy forces and the survivability of their own troops, and each combatant receives full and timely information about the real combat situation.

Tank formations must also be adapted to the modern realities of network-centric warfare, for this the tanks themselves must be able to connect to a single information network and be able to almost instantly transfer to it information received by the tank from the outside due to their own "overview" modules. In fact, this is practically one of the requirements for the new 4th generation tanks.

Tank 4th generation

"Object 195" in the view of the artist.

The classification of tanks by generation is actually not official, it is very conditional and looks something like this:

To the first generation include tanks from the 1950s and 1960s, such as the Soviet T-44 and T-54, the German Panther, the English Centurion, and the American Pershing.

Second generation associated with the emergence of the so-called main battle tanks (MBTs). It includes tanks of the 1960-1980s, such as the Soviet T-62, the American M-60, the English Chieftain, the German Leopard and the French AMX-30.

To the third generation include the latest modern tanks, such as the Soviet T-80 and Russian T-90, the American Abrams, the French Leclerc, the English Challenger, the Ukrainian Oplot, the South Korean Black Panther, the Israeli Merkava, the Italian " Ariete" and the German "Leopard-2".

It is clear that later generations of tanks were distinguished by stronger armor, more advanced protection and more formidable weapons. This also applies to the 4th generation of tanks, the appearance of which is long overdue. But besides this, as mentioned above, tanks of the 4th generation should be maximally adapted to network-centric warfare, and also, if possible, meet a number of other requirements:

• have an uninhabited tower and an automatic loader;
• the crew must be isolated in an armored capsule;
• the tank must be partially robotic.

By the way, a fully robotic unmanned tank can be considered a 5th generation tank.

Approximately with such a list of requirements, our designers approached the development of a new tank, when in 2010, after the phasing out of the Object 195 and Object 640 projects, they were given the task to design a new generation tank as soon as possible.

Platform "Armata"

The order for the design, testing and production of a new tank was received by the state corporation UralVagonZavod, located in Nizhny Tagil and engaged in the development and production of various military equipment. When developing a new tank in the Ural Design Bureau, tied to UralVagonZavod, ready-made promising developments were actively used on the Object 195 already being developed here, as well as on the project of the Omsk Design Bureau - Object 640. Both closed projects to a large extent helped our designers to quickly cope with the task.

But the most important thing is that this time our designers (as well as our military leadership) saw the problem of building a new tank more widely, and it was decided to develop not just a 4th generation tank, but a universal tracked platform that could be used for the design of the most diverse military equipment, which would solve the above-described problem of universality, mass character and value for money.

Thus, Uralvagonzavod designed and implemented the so-called unified combat heavy tracked platform Armata, on the basis of which it is planned to create about 30 different types of military equipment. Moreover, not only the platform will be common to them, but also a common battle control system, a common communication system, a common active defense system and many other nodes and modules.

The universal heavy combat platform "Armata" has three engine layout options: front, rear and middle. This allows you to use the platform for the construction of almost any type of military equipment. For a tank, for example, they use the rear engine placement, but for an infantry fighting vehicle, on the contrary, the front one.

On the this moment our defense industry has already received the first pieces of equipment based on the new platform - this is armored recovery vehicle BREM T-16(so far only as a project), infantry fighting vehicle BMP T-15 and of course the main combat tank T-14 "Armata", which we could already see at the Victory Parade in Moscow.

The T-14 tank is the latest Russian tank of the 4th generation on the Armata universal combat heavy tracked platform. The tank received the index "14" as usual for the year of the project - 2014. At the project stage, the tank had the designation "Object 148".

It is believed that the T-14 "Armata" tank is the world's first tank of the 4th generation, the first tank in the framework of the concept of network-centric warfare, and that it has no analogues at all. In general, according to many of our and foreign experts, today the Armata is the best tank in the world.

To begin with, let's take a quick look at what this new Armata tank is like, what design solutions our design engineers embodied in it, what main features it has:

The main features of the T-14 "Armata" tank

• The tank has an uninhabited tower. It is equipped with the already proven remote-controlled 125 mm smoothbore gun with an automatic loader.
• The design of the tank allows you to install on it a 152 mm gun, already tested on the "Object 195".
• The crew of the tank is located in an isolated armored capsule that can withstand a direct hit from all existing modern anti-tank shells.
• The armored capsule with the crew is securely separated from the ammunition and fuel tanks.
• Active suspension will allow the tank to conduct accurate aimed shooting at speeds up to 40-50 km / h.
• It is assumed that the active suspension will allow the tank to move at speeds up to 90 km / h, not only on the highway, but also on rough terrain.
• The new type of combined multilayer armor used in the tank is 15% different than that used in domestic tanks 3rd generation. The armor thickness equivalent is about 1000 mm.
• All modules of the tank are controlled by the latest tank information and control system (TIUS), which, in the event of any malfunction, notifies the crew of this by an appropriate voice message.
• The Armata radar complex uses active phased array radars capable of conducting about 40 ground and 25 air targets at a distance of up to 100 km.
• In the event that a projectile flying into a tank is detected, the Afghanit active protection system automatically turns the tank turret towards this projectile in order to meet it with more powerful frontal armor and be ready to strike at the enemy that fired this projectile.
• The range of destruction of 125 mm guns is up to 7000 m, while for the best Western models this parameter is 5000 m.
• In the tank "Armata" applied a large number of effective stealth technologies that make it virtually invisible or difficult to detect for many types of weapons.

TTX tank T-14 "Armata"

Infographics and location of modules in the T-14 tank

A good infographic of the T-14 tank with the location of the modules was made by the RIA Novosti agency:

Video review "Multi-purpose tank T-14 on the tracked platform Armata"

For the 80th anniversary of Uralvagonzavod, an interesting mini-video review about the T-14 Armata tank was released:

Radar complex

The T-14 is the first tank in the world to use an active phased array radar (AFAR radar). Radars of the same type are being installed on the new Russian fifth-generation T-50 multirole fighters, which are to replace the SU-27. Unlike radars with a passive array, AFAR radars consist of a large number of independently adjustable active modules, which significantly increases the tracking ability and reliability, since in the event of a failure of one of the radar modules, we will get only a slight distortion of the “picture”. True, the cost of such radars is somewhat higher.

Armata uses 4 AFAR radar panels located along the perimeter of the tower (see photo above). They are protected by bulletproof and anti-fragmentation screens, but, nevertheless, can be easily replaced in the field (the photo shows plastic loops for removing radar panels).

The radar complex of the T-14 tank can simultaneously track up to 40 ground moving and up to 25 airborne aerodynamic targets, which makes it one of the most key elements on the battlefield as part of the concept of network-centric warfare. The target tracking distance is up to 100 km.

If, for the purpose of camouflage, the main surveillance radar of the tank is turned off, then at close range it is replaced by two ultra-fast reaction radars, which are also used to trigger destructive elements of active protection against projectiles fired at the tank.

Target detection systems in the infrared and ultraviolet range

On the T-14 turret, a panoramic sight is installed on the same axis as the machine gun mount, which serves to determine the coordinates of targets received by various observation modules, while it rotates 360 degrees regardless of the machine gun.

The panoramic sight includes a visible camera, an infrared camera and a laser rangefinder. When capturing each new goal Radar panoramic sight automatically rotates in her direction to determine its exact coordinates. The received information is displayed on the monitors of the tank crew in the form of a tactical map with the coordinates of fixed targets, and if necessary, you can specify the coordinates of a particular target by pressing your finger on the image on the touch screen.

In addition to the panoramic sight, the T-14 tank is equipped with six autonomous high-definition cameras that allow the crew to monitor the situation around the tank along the entire perimeter. These cameras allow tankers to assess the situation when the radar is turned off and in the conditions of the enemy's electronic warfare, and also record laser pointers aimed at the tank.

In addition, these HD cameras can see through smoke screens (in infrared spectrum), giving a significant advantage to the Armata using this type of disguise. This gives the following example:

When the T-14 tank is surrounded by enemy infantry, it can put a smoke screen around itself, making it invisible to enemy grenade launchers, and shoot them from a machine gun mount according to infrared HD cameras.

Active protection complex "Afganit"

And radar complex of 4 AFAR radars and 2 high-speed radars, and infrared HD cameras are part of the active tank protection complex, which serves not only for reconnaissance of targets, but also for the timely detection of threats to the tank and their elimination. Here are the features of the Afganit active protection system installed on the Armata:

• When an enemy projectile flying towards the tank is detected, Afghanit automatically turns the tank turret towards this projectile in order to meet it with more powerful armor on the one hand, and on the other hand, to be ready to strike at the object that fired this projectile.
• When shells flying up to the tank are detected, Afghanit automatically controls the machine gun mount to destroy them.
• In case of need for increased camouflage, Afghanit can operate in passive mode with the radar turned off, focusing on HD camera data.
• "Afghanit" is safe for its infantry, located near the tank, as it uses to a greater extent the means of electronic warfare and smoke-metal curtains to counter enemy missiles.
• In addition, according to the latest data, "Afganit" successfully resists modern armor-piercing projectiles with cores.

The Afganit active defense complex is capable of hitting projectiles flying up to the tank at speeds up to 1700 m/s. But our designers are already developing a new active protection - "Barrier", which will be able to intercept shells flying up at speeds up to 3000 m / s.

Complex dynamic protection"Malachite"

On the T-14 tank, the Malachite dynamic protection complex is also installed. Here are the features it has:

• "Malachite" successfully resists not only various cumulative shells, but is also capable of destroying the latest NATO sub-caliber shells, which were specially designed to penetrate such dynamic defenses preceding Malachite as Relikt and Contact-5.
• Malachite is much better at resisting the most advanced anti-tank missile systems (ATGMs).
• By reducing the number explosive in the dynamic protection "Malachite", the option of defeating one's own infantry and damaging the tank's observation devices is practically excluded.

Armament of the T-14 tank

The fire control system of the T-14 tank is connected to the Afghanit active protection system and its radio-optical modules. With their help, the tank's weapons are guided to the detected targets. Besides, aiming uses data from the following sensors:

• gyroscopic sensors of the tank's angular orientation in space;
• air temperature and humidity sensor;
• wind direction and speed sensor;
• barrel bending sensor from heating.

The tank receives its own coordinates using the GLONASS satellite system.

As we wrote above, the T-14 tank can be equipped with both a standard 125 mm gun and a 152 mm cannon. As standard, the Armata is equipped with the already proven 125 mm 2A82-1C smoothbore gun, which has a 17% higher muzzle energy and 20% greater accuracy than the best examples of Western tank-mounted guns.

It should also be noted that the range of destruction from this gun is about 7000 m, which exceeds the performance of foreign tank guns, for the most part of which the range of destruction does not exceed 5000 m. This again gives the Armata a significant advantage - it is our tank that will own the right to "long hands”, i.e. he will be able to shoot enemy tanks without even approaching them at their range.

In addition, the 2A82 gun has the ability to fire ammunition up to 1 meter long (for example, such as high-powered armor-piercing shells "Vacuum-1"). The T-14 is equipped with an automatic loader for 32 rounds, due to which a rate of fire of 10-12 rounds per minute is achieved.

Some of the Armata tanks are going to be equipped with a 152 mm 2A83 gun, which has an armor-piercing capacity of sabots of more than 1000 mm, and their speed is 2000 m / s, which leaves no chance for all known modern tanks. In addition, as the leaders of the Uralvagonzavod corporation say, the kinetic energy of the 152 mm gun projectile is such that more often it will simply tear off the turret of the enemy tank being hit.

Both guns allow their barrel to be used to launch guided missiles. It is assumed that for 152 mm guns, missiles with armor-piercing up to 1500 mm and a range of up to 10,000 m can be used, which can hit both ground and air targets.

At the same time, some experts point to the possibility of using guided active-rocket projectiles with a range of up to 30 km on T-14 tanks armed with 152 mm guns, which turns such an “Armata” into a fire support tank using both against enemy infantry and against strong protected enemy targets.

Of the machine gun armament, the Armata is equipped with a large-caliber 12.7 mm Kord machine gun, remotely controlled by the crew and included in the Afganit active defense complex, as well as a 7.62 mm Kalashnikov machine gun, coaxial with a tank gun. Moreover, for reloading the Korda, there is a special automated system that does not require the participation of crew members.

Reservation of the T-14 tank

As we pointed out above, one of the main features of the Armata tank is the presence of a special isolated armored capsule, separated from the rest of the tank by armored partitions and serving to accommodate the entire crew with control computers. In addition, the armored capsule protects against weapons mass destruction and has an air conditioning system and a fire extinguishing system. All this significantly increases both the survivability of the crew and the survivability of the tank itself. It is stated that the maximum duration of the continuous stay of the crew in the armored capsule is about 3 days.

In the production of Armata tanks, a new type of armored steel with ceramic inserts is used, which has increased armor resistance. This made it possible, with the same armor thickness, to achieve a smaller mass of the tank, and, accordingly, better dynamics. Nevertheless, it is expected that in the frontal projection, the T-14 has an armor equivalent of more than 1000 mm against sub-caliber projectiles and about 1300 mm against HEAT projectiles. This makes the tank resistant to any modern ammunition hit in the forehead and capable of withstanding such formidable anti-tank weapons as the American heavy antitank missile system"TOW" and American portable Javelin anti-tank missile system.

Tower T-14

The structure of the tower is classified information, however, it is assumed that it consists of an external anti-fragmentation casing, under which the main armor of the tower is hidden. The anti-fragmentation casing performs several functions.:

Protection of tank instruments from fragments, high-explosive shells and bullet penetrations;
- reduction of radio visibility to counter ATGMs with radar guidance;
- shielding of external electronic fields, which makes the tower devices resistant to various kinds of magnetic impulses.

Below is a video with a possible device for the T-14 tank turret:

stealth technology

Another significant feature of the T-14 is the use of various stealth technologies, which drastically reduce the visibility of the tank in the infrared, radar and magnetic observation spectra. Here are the stealth tools used in "Armata":

• a unique GALS coating that reflects a wide range of waves and protects the tank from overheating in the sun;
• flat reflective edges of the hull, which reduce the visibility of the tank in the radio range;
• a system for mixing exhaust gases with ambient air, reducing the visibility of the tank in the infrared range;
• thermal insulation on the inside of the case, which also reduces the visibility of the T-14 in the IR range;
• heat traps that distort the "signature" (the visual image of the tank) in the infrared range;
• distortion of its own magnetic field, making it difficult to determine the location of the tank for magnetometric weapons.

All this causes significant difficulties for the enemy in detecting the "Armata", in determining its coordinates and in general in identifying it as a tank.

Many experts believe that the T-14 Armata is the world's first stealth tank.

Engine

The T-14 tank is equipped with a multi-fuel 12-cylinder four-stroke X-shaped turbocharged diesel engine (12N360), which was designed in Chelyabinsk and is produced there - at the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant. The engine has a switching power from 1200 to 1500 hp, but on serial vehicles it is planned to install an engine with a maximum power of 1800 hp. This will provide the tank with excellent dynamic characteristics - so the maximum speed on the highway will reach 90 km / h. In addition, this four-stroke engine is much more economical than the old two-stroke ones, which ensures a cruising range of 500 km without refueling.

The box on the T-14 is automatic robotic with the ability to switch to manual control.

It should also be noted that the exhaust gases are removed through pipes passing through additional fuel tanks. This provides them with additional cooling and ultimately reduces the visibility of the tank in the infrared range. The tanks themselves are covered with armor plates and anti-cumulative screens, and they are protected from fire by an open-cell filler.

The engine and transmission are combined into a separate module, which makes it possible to replace a failed power unit in less than an hour.

active suspension

If earlier on Russian tanks a 6-roller chassis was used, then the Armata platform has a 7-roller one, which makes it possible to build equipment with a maximum weight of up to 60 tons on its basis. Therefore, the T-14 tank has a huge potential for all kinds of upgrades.

The suspension used in the T-14 tank is active, that is, it is capable of detecting irregularities under the tracks using sensors and automatically adjusting the height of the rollers. This feature not only increases the tank's speed over rough terrain, but also significantly (by about 1.5 - 2.0 times) improves aiming accuracy on the move. High-precision shooting while moving quickly across the battlefield is another indisputable advantage of the "Armata" when it is possible to "meet" with such quite probable opponents as "Leopard-2" or Abrams, which still use uncontrolled hydropneumatic suspension, developed more than 30 years ago.

Tank information and control system

One of the best tank information and control systems (TIUS) is installed on the Armata, which monitors all the modules of the tank in real time and automatically checks them for malfunctions. In the event that any problems are detected, the TIUS system informs the crew about this in voice mode and gives recommendations for their elimination.

Defense Order

At the parade in Moscow in 2015, T-14s from the first pilot batch (20 tanks) were presented to the public. Serial production of "Armata" began in 2016, and by the end of it it is planned to produce about 100 more machines, which will be actively used in various tests and exercises to identify shortcomings and determine the necessary improvements.

In total, by 2020, it is planned to commission 2,300 T-14 Armata tanks. This is how the state order was presented by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation to the state corporation Uralvagonzavod. Moreover, it was separately indicated that the serial production of Armata tanks would not be stopped even in the conditions of a severe economic crisis.

By the way, the management of Uralvagonzavod indicates the cost of the tank at 250 million rubles (this is about 4-5 million dollars). This means that the entire batch of T-14s in 2300 tanks will cost our state 10 billion dollars.

Other combat vehicles on the Armata platform

Infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) T-15 "Armata"

In addition to the T-14 tank, on a unified heavy tracked combat platform, it is planned to produce the T-15 armored infantry fighting vehicle, the first copies of which were also demonstrated at the Victory Parade in Moscow. I must say that this is the first heavily armored infantry fighting vehicle in the Russian army. Its tank level of armor is impenetrable for modern ATGMs with a caliber of up to 150 mm and BOPS with a caliber of up to 120 mm, as well as the presence of active protection "Afganit" allows it to operate in one tactical group together with T-14 tanks and makes it a "network-centric" combat vehicle.

The mass of the BMP T-15 is about 50 tons, the crew is 3 people, in addition, it has a landing module for 9 people behind it.

The versatility and modularity of the Armata platform allows the T-15 BMP to have several combat configurations:

• The main version with the Boomerang-BM combat module, the armament of which includes the Kornet-EM anti-tank missile system, 30 mm automatic anti-aircraft gun 2A42 and 7.62 mm PKTM machine gun, allows it to successfully withstand various ground and air targets at a distance of up to 4 km (universal air defense configuration).
• A variant with the Baikal combat module, whose armament includes a modified ship 57 mm anti-aircraft installation with higher firepower and range up to 8 km (long-range air defense configuration).
• Variant with 120 mm heavy mortar (anti-personnel configuration).

Below is an infographic from the performance characteristics of the BMP T-15 "Armata":

Armored recovery vehicle (BREM) T-16 "Armata"

Above is a photo of the BREM-1M armored repair and recovery vehicle, created on the basis of the chassis of the T-72 tank and designed to evacuate damaged or stuck equipment in combat conditions. On the basis of the Armata universal heavy platform, it is planned to release a new BREM under the T-16 index, which will be equipped with a more powerful cargo crane and a whole range of various special equipment.

Self-propelled artillery mount (SAU) "Coalition-SV"

In order to include equipment with powerful and long-range fire support in the same group with T-14 tanks and T-15 infantry fighting vehicles, it is planned to transfer equipment to the Armata heavy combat platform and our latest 2S35 Koalitsiya-SV self-propelled artillery mount, which replaced the outdated 2S3 self-propelled guns "Acacia" and 2S19 "Msta-S". Developed by the Burevestnik Central Research Institute and manufactured at the Uraltransmash plant, which is also part of the Uralvagonzavod corporation, the 152 mm self-propelled howitzer has a wide range of purposes: from destroying enemy tactical nuclear weapons and destroying its fortifications to counteracting its manpower and equipment.

When designing the Coalition-SV, they also adhered to the principle of modularity and versatility, so this howitzer can be installed on almost any platform, including a ship.

The main feature of the new self-propelled guns is its range - up to 70 km, which significantly exceeds all known foreign analogues in this parameter. Ammunition "Coalition-SV" is 70 shells, rate of fire - 10-15 rounds per minute.

Besides, on the basis of the universal platform "Armata" it is also planned to build the following types of equipment:

• Fighting vehicle of flamethrowers (BMO-2)
• Heavy flamethrower system (TOS BM-2)
• Multipurpose engineering vehicle (MIM-A)
• Transport-loading vehicle of a heavy flamethrower system (TZM-2)
• Mine layer (UMZ-A)
• Floating conveyor (PTS-A)
• Bridgelayer (MT-A)

Prospects for the use of the tank "Armata"

As we wrote above, the T-14 Armata tank was developed as part of a network-centric concept, therefore it is designed to conduct combat operations as part of a tactical grouping, including equipment and systems of a very different nature: other Armata tanks or tanks modernized for network-centric warfare T-90S, several T-15 infantry fighting vehicles, a battery of self-propelled guns "Coalition-SV", attack helicopters KA-52 "Alligator" and other equipment. At the same time, the T-14 "Armata" in this group is assigned one of the key roles, namely the role of a reconnaissance, target designator and command tank that controls the battle by means of unified system management.

Conclusion

All this is good that in terms of military projects we do not lag behind, but somewhere we are ahead of other leading military powers of the world, and the development and implementation of the Armata universal heavy platform should significantly improve the defense capability of our country in case of a major (third world) war. The only question is what kind of big war it will be and whether it will be possible to emerge victorious from it?

P.S. Below is a video of recent history of our tank troops, presented by the Ministry of Defense on Tankman's Day, in which you can also see the hero of our review - the T-14 Armata tank.

/According to in-rating.ru/

It is too early to evaluate or analyze anything at the expense of the latest Russian T-14 tank. Therefore, for now, I’ll just lay out in one place all the currently available photos of him.

Judging by the appearance, the car is somewhat different from the previously discussed concepts. Something like this was expected:

and even this:

In practice, the machine turned out to be somewhat different:

In terms of physical dimensions, the T-14 "Armata" is somewhat longer and taller, if we consider the maximum dimensions.

For reference, the performance characteristics of the main modern tanks are as follows

However, if you look at really significant parameters, for example, compare the height along the tower, then the Armata turned out to be only 30 cm higher than the Abrams. Which is hardly so fundamentally important, given the firing range of modern weapons.

The overall layout of the machine as a whole also coincided with the forecasts. Something like this was expected:

In reality, it turned out to be close:

The engine compartment is at the back, the armored capsule with the crew is at the front. True, the presence of only two hatches suggests that the size of the tank crew has been reduced to two people. Theoretically, one more crew member can be placed between the commander and the mechanic. But do not forget that he needs a place not just to sit, but also space to accommodate equipment “to work”. So, the presence of the volume necessary for the third crew member in the armored case raises some doubts. However, to combine the functionality of a tank commander and a gunner in one person ... also does not look right decision. This was convincingly shown by WWII. It is unlikely that the designers decided to ignore this experience. So it's worth waiting for more information.

As for the tower, it is indeed completely uninhabited.

Judging by the absence of standard attachment points for any external additional elements on the turret armor, their installation “in the field” is not provided. However, it is too early to draw conclusions from this fact.

Firstly, the uninhabitedness of the tower dramatically reduces the requirements for the minimum armored volume. This means, relatively speaking, it can all be one big solid piece of metal. Including - to provide for the installation of some protection elements behind the external decorative casings. In the end, the design of the sides clearly indicates the presence of remote sensing there.

Secondly, one should not exclude the possibility of an attempt to deliberately mislead. It is quite obvious that this demonstration of the newest Russian tank has attracted the extremely close attention of all the intelligence services of “our potential conditional friends.” Those. the towers of production vehicles will look a little different. Although, I emphasize, this is just an assumption. More precisely - one of the possible options. More data needs to be collected to reach final conclusions.

An excellent, in my opinion, general analysis of the currently available facts about the design of the T-14 “Armata” was carried out on the website “VPK News” in the article “Tank T-14 “Armata” or T-99 “Priority”. I recommend reading. There are many interesting things there. Here I will allow myself to quote only a few selected passages.

Armor

The new armor steel grade 44S-sv-Sh will be used on the new Russian tank"Armata". The steel was created by the specialists of OAO Research Institute of Steel.

A sample of steel 44S-sv-Sh 25 mm thick after successful trials armor-piercing bullet B32 caliber 12.7 mm Photo: JSC "Scientific Research Institute of Steel"

The use of this steel on the promising Armata platform will make it possible to “remove” hundreds of kilograms of weight from the vehicle, where it will also be used not only for armor purposes, but also as a structural material.

Although the hardness of the steel is not less than 54HRC, its plastic characteristics remain at the level of serial steels having a hardness of 45-48HRC. It is this combination that makes it possible to reduce the thickness and, accordingly, the weight of armored structures made of new steel by 15% without reducing the protective characteristics and survivability at low temperatures.

Power point

The power plant is a single 1200-horsepower diesel turbo piston engine A-85-3A (sometimes referred to as 2A12-3, 12CHN15 / 16 or 12H360) for front- and rear-located MTO. Motor resource not less than 2000 hours. Weight up to 5 tons. MTU volume up to 4 m3. There is a possibility of modernization. In terms of size, weight and power characteristics, the novelty should surpass the best foreign models of motor-transmission units. it should be noted that the rated power of the engine is 1500 hp, up to 1200 hp. a restriction was introduced, which significantly increased the motor resource.

Technical characteristics of the A-85-3A (12N360) engine for the promising Russian platform Armata:

Engine type - four-stroke, X-shaped, 12-cylinder with gas turbine turbine supercharging and intermediate air cooling.

Mixing system - direct fuel injection

Engine power without resistance at the inlet and outlet, kW (hp) - 1103 (1500)

Rotation frequency, s-1 (rpm) - 33.3 (2000)

Torque reserve,% - 25

Specific fuel consumption, g/kW*h (g/hp*h) - 217.9 (160)

Weight, kg - 1550

Specific power, kW / kg (hp / kg) - 0.74 (1.0)

Overall power, kW/kg (hp/kg) - 1026 (1395)

Specific gravity, kg / kW - 1.32

Length, mm - 813

Width, mm - 1300

Height, mm - 820

The 12N360 engine is a fully mastered engine, by no means a bench one, it was exactly the same on our promising tanks (object 195), which passed state tests not so long ago. In terms of the power plant, the GI was completed successfully, the engine had no complaints - despite the fact that the tests were very tough.

A gun

Based on reports about the refusal to bring the T-95 tank with a 152-mm gun to the series, it can be argued that new car planned to be equipped with a regular main 125-mm gun

Until recently, the main domestic cannon there were versions of the well-known 2A46M tank gun. The latest modification 2A46M-5 has a firing accuracy of 15-20% higher, the total dispersion when firing from the move has decreased by 1.7 times. Thanks to improvements, the gun acquired the ability to fire new armor-piercing sub-caliber shells of increased power.

The best Western gun is currently considered the 120-mm L 55 smoothbore gun with a barrel length of 55 calibers of the Leopard-2A6 tank. Compared to the old 120 mm L-44 smoothbore gun, the L-55 barrel length has been increased by 130 cm.

The DM-53 and DM-63 shells used on this gun have very high armor penetration characteristics. And this is despite the fact that, unlike American ammunition, the Germans do not use depleted uranium as a core material.

Of course, when creating a Russian main battle tank based on a heavy unified platform, much attention was paid to ensuring high performance in terms of firepower.

In the 2000s, a new 125 mm 2A82 tank gun was created in Russia. By the fall of 2006, 787, 613 and 554 shots were fired from the prototype and two prototypes at Zavod No. 9, respectively.

The system, with an auto-bonded and partially chrome-plated barrel, is capable of firing both existing and advanced ammunition. In terms of technical level, it surpasses all existing tank guns by 1.2-1.25 times.

The muzzle energy of the 2A82 gun is 1.17 times greater than the best NATO gun - the 120-mm system of the Leopard-2A6 tank, while the tube length of our gun is 60 cm shorter.

Mounting of trunnion clips in the turret with a reverse wedge has been introduced. The rear support of the retractable parts is located in the cage part of the cradle. The mouth of a cradle is extended by 160 mm. In the neck of the cradle, the rigidity of which is increased, there are two additional backlash-selecting devices. Both guide cradles are made as a prism.

These measures made it possible to reduce the average technical dispersion for all types of projectiles by 15% against the table values.

It was decided to modernize the 2A82 gun for "Armata" by lengthening the barrel by a whole meter - up to 7m. To automatically take into account the bending of the bore on the muzzle of the barrel tube, a reflector of the bending accounting device (CUI) is provided.

The digital signal processing adopted in the device ensures the measurement of the required barrel parameters in a wide range of interference and operational impacts. The received data are issued as corrections to the ballistic computer, which improves the accuracy of shooting.

"Armata" will shoot like shells various types(high-explosive fragmentation, armor-piercing sub-caliber, cumulative), and ground-to-ground guided missiles with optoelectronic, infrared and satellite guidance, as well as anti-aircraft missiles ground-to-air class. In fact, this is not a tank, but a universal shock machine. ground forces, which includes a full-fledged tactical missile system, an anti-aircraft defense system, an army reconnaissance and target designation complex, and, in fact, a tank.

fire control system

Aiming complex:

The main gunner's sight is multi-channel with sighting and thermal imaging channels, a laser rangefinder, and a built-in laser control channel.

Enlargement of the sighting channel, multiplicity - 4; 12.

Target recognition range of the "tank" type through the sighting channel, m - up to 5000.

Target recognition range of the "tank" type through the TP channel, m not less than 3500.

The maximum range measured by the rangefinder, m - 7500.

The commander's sight is a combined panoramic sight with television and thermal imaging channels, a laser rangefinder.

Target recognition range of the "tank" type through the TV channel, m up to 5000.

Target recognition range of the "tank" type at night through the TP channel, m not less than 3500.

Sight-understudy with a dependent line of sight.

Target recognition range of the “tank” type, m:

a day at least 2000,

at twilight at least 1000.

Ballistic calculator with a set of sensors for meteorological and topographical conditions and a sensor for accounting for the bending of the barrel electronic digital

The possibility of automatic tracking of targets is provided independently from the gunner's position and from the commander's position with the implementation of the “hunter-shooter” mode.

Armament stabilizer improved two-plane with electromechanical drive GN and electro-hydraulic VN.

The promising Armata tank will be equipped with radars of the same technology as the fifth-generation T-50 fighter. According to the terms of reference of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, Armata will receive Ka-band radars (26.5-40 GHz) based on an active phased antenna array (AFAR), made using low-temperature ceramic technology.

The body is crammed with video cameras. They allow the crew to observe the circular situation around the tank. If required, the zoom is turned on, and the distant object can be considered in detail. There is the possibility of thermal imaging and infrared vision in any weather conditions day and night.

An active phased array antenna consists of many cells - microwave transmitters. Such an antenna is capable of quickly changing the direction of the location (no mechanical movement of the "dish" of the locator is required) and is highly reliable - the failure of one element does not lead to a significant drop in power and beam distortion. Such a radar in armored vehicles will be indispensable in solving both defensive and offensive tasks. There are two options for its use - as part of a fire control system or as an active protection complex. It includes an antenna that detects weapons flying up to the tank. AFAR will determine the coordinates and parameters of such a threat, and the tank will destroy these targets.

The system is capable of simultaneously "leading" up to 40 dynamic and up to 25 aerodynamic targets - a completely unattainable indicator for all radars in service with other armies. The system will control the territory within a radius of up to 100 kilometers and will be able to automatically destroy targets up to 0.3 meters in size in this territory.

TTX of a promising Russian tank "Armata"

Armored crew capsule - yes

Main gun mm. - 125 (2A82)

Gun ammunition in pcs. - 45

Automatic loader pcs. - 32

Combat rate of fire in min. - 10-12

Target detection range m. - over 5000

Target range m. - 7000-8000

Fire on the move - yes

Commander's panoramic sight - yes

Surround cameras - yes

Aiming and fire control system - yes

Combat control and navigation system - yes

Thermal imager - yes

Mine protection - active

Active Defense - Afghanite

Dynamic protection - yes

HP engine - 1200-2000

Engine replacement hour. - 0.5

Additional power point- there is

Maximum weight t. - 48

Maximum speed km / h - 80-90

Power reserve km. - over 500

Length mm. -

Width mm. -

Height mm. -

Crew - 3

Number of track rollers, pcs. - 7

Armor resistance mm. - over 900

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Modern battle tanks of Russia and the world photos, videos, pictures to watch online. This article gives an idea of ​​the modern tank fleet. It is based on the classification principle used in the most authoritative reference book to date, but in a slightly modified and improved form. And if the latter in its original form can still be found in the armies of a number of countries, then others have already become a museum exhibit. And all for 10 years! To follow in the footsteps of the Jane's guide and not consider this combat vehicle (quite by the way, curious in design and fiercely discussed at the time), which formed the basis of the tank fleet of the last quarter of the 20th century, the authors considered it unfair.

Films about tanks where there is still no alternative to this type of armament of the ground forces. The tank was and probably will remain a modern weapon for a long time due to the ability to combine such seemingly contradictory qualities as high mobility, powerful weapons and reliable crew protection. These unique qualities of tanks continue to be constantly improved, and the experience and technologies accumulated over decades predetermine new frontiers of combat properties and achievements of the military-technical level. In the age-old confrontation "projectile - armor", as practice shows, protection from a projectile is being improved more and more, acquiring new qualities: activity, multi-layeredness, self-defense. At the same time, the projectile becomes more accurate and powerful.

Russian tanks are specific in that they allow you to destroy the enemy from a safe distance, have the ability to perform quick maneuvers on impassable roads, contaminated terrain, can “walk” through the territory occupied by the enemy, seize a decisive bridgehead, induce panic in the rear and suppress the enemy with fire and caterpillars . The war of 1939-1945 was the most ordeal for all mankind, since almost all countries of the world were involved in it. It was the battle of the titans - the most unique period that theorists argued about in the early 1930s and during which tanks were used in large quantities virtually all warring parties. At this time, a "check for lice" and a deep reform of the first theories of the use of tank troops took place. And it is the Soviet tank troops that are most affected by all this.

Tanks in battle that became a symbol of the past war, the backbone of the Soviet armored forces? Who created them and under what conditions? How did the USSR, having lost most of its European territories and having difficulty recruiting tanks for the defense of Moscow, be able to launch powerful tank formations on the battlefield already in 1943? This book, which tells about the development of Soviet tanks "in the days of testing ", from 1937 to the beginning of 1943. When writing the book, materials from the archives of Russia and private collections of tank builders were used. There was a period in our history that was deposited in my memory with some depressing feeling. It began with the return of our first military advisers from Spain, and stopped only at the beginning of forty-third, - said the former general designer of self-propelled guns L. Gorlitsky, - there was some kind of pre-stormy state.

Tanks of the Second World War, it was M. Koshkin, almost underground (but, of course, with the support of "the wisest of the wise leader of all peoples"), who was able to create that tank that, a few years later, would shock German tank generals. And what’s more, he didn’t just create it, the designer managed to prove to these stupid military men that it was his T-34 that they needed, and not just another wheeled-tracked “highway”. The author is in slightly different positions that he formed after meeting with the pre-war documents RGVA and RGAE Therefore, working on this segment of the history of the Soviet tank, the author will inevitably contradict something "generally accepted". this work describes the history of Soviet tank building in the most difficult years - from the beginning of a radical restructuring of all the activities of design bureaus and people's commissariats as a whole, during a frantic race to equip new tank formations of the Red Army, the transfer of industry to wartime rails and evacuation.

Tanks Wikipedia the author wants to express his special gratitude for the help in the selection and processing of materials to M. Kolomiyets, and also to thank A. Solyankin, I. Zheltov and M. Pavlov, the authors of the reference publication "Domestic armored vehicles. XX century. 1905 - 1941" because this book helped to understand the fate of some projects, unclear before. I would also like to recall with gratitude those conversations with Lev Izraelevich Gorlitsky, the former Chief Designer of UZTM, which helped to take a fresh look at the entire history of the Soviet tank during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union. Today, for some reason, it is customary to talk about 1937-1938 in our country. only from the point of view of repressions, but few people remember that it was during this period that those tanks were born that became legends of the wartime ... "From the memoirs of L.I. Gorlinkogo.

Soviet tanks, a detailed assessment of them at that time sounded from many lips. Many old people recalled that it was from the events in Spain that it became clear to everyone that the war was getting closer to the threshold and it was Hitler who would have to fight. In 1937, mass purges and repressions began in the USSR, and against the backdrop of these difficult events, the Soviet tank began to turn from a "mechanized cavalry" (in which one of its combat qualities protruded by reducing others) into a balanced combat vehicle, which simultaneously had powerful weapons, sufficient to suppress most targets, good cross-country ability and mobility with armor protection, capable of maintaining its combat capability when shelling a potential enemy with the most massive anti-tank weapons.

Large tanks were recommended to be added to the composition only special tanks- floating, chemical. The brigade now had 4 separate battalions 54 tanks each and was strengthened by the transition from three-tank platoons to five-tank ones. In addition, D. Pavlov justified the refusal to form in 1938 to the four existing mechanized corps three more, believing that these formations are immobile and difficult to control, and most importantly, they require a different rear organization. The tactical and technical requirements for promising tanks, as expected, have been adjusted. In particular, in a letter dated December 23 to the head of the design bureau of plant No. 185 named after. CM. Kirov, the new chief demanded to strengthen the armor of new tanks so that at a distance of 600-800 meters (effective range).

The latest tanks in the world when designing new tanks, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of increasing the level of armor protection during modernization by at least one step ... "This problem could be solved in two ways. Firstly, by increasing the thickness of the armor plates and, secondly," by using increased armor resistance". It is easy to guess that the second way was considered more promising, since the use of specially hardened armor plates, or even two-layer armor, could, while maintaining the same thickness (and the mass of the tank as a whole), increase its resistance by 1.2-1.5 It was this path (the use of specially hardened armor) that was chosen at that moment to create new types of tanks.

Tanks of the USSR at dawn tank production armor was used most massively, the properties of which were identical in all directions. Such armor was called homogeneous (homogeneous), and from the very beginning of the armor business, the craftsmen strove to create just such armor, because uniformity ensured stability of characteristics and simplified processing. However, at the end of the 19th century, it was noticed that when the surface of the armor plate was saturated (to a depth of several tenths to several millimeters) with carbon and silicon, its surface strength increased sharply, while the rest of the plate remained viscous. So heterogeneous (heterogeneous) armor came into use.

In military tanks, the use of heterogeneous armor was very important, since an increase in the hardness of the entire thickness of the armor plate led to a decrease in its elasticity and (as a result) to an increase in brittleness. Thus, the most durable armor, other things being equal, turned out to be very fragile and often pricked even from bursts of high-explosive fragmentation shells. Therefore, at the dawn of armor production in the manufacture of homogeneous sheets, the task of the metallurgist was to achieve the highest possible hardness of the armor, but at the same time not to lose its elasticity. Surface-hardened by saturation with carbon and silicon armor was called cemented (cemented) and was considered at that time a panacea for many ills. But cementation is a complex, harmful process (for example, processing a hot plate with a jet of lighting gas) and relatively expensive, and therefore its development in a series required high costs and an increase in production culture.

Tank of the war years, even in operation, these hulls were less successful than homogeneous ones, since for no apparent reason cracks formed in them (mainly in loaded seams), and it was very difficult to put patches on holes in cemented slabs during repairs. But it was still expected that a tank protected by 15-20 mm cemented armor would be equivalent in terms of protection to the same, but covered with 22-30 mm sheets, without a significant increase in mass.
Also, by the mid-1930s, in tank building, they learned how to harden the surface of relatively thin armor plates by uneven hardening, known from late XIX century in shipbuilding as the "Krupp method". Surface hardening led to a significant increase in the hardness of the front side of the sheet, leaving the main thickness of the armor viscous.

How tanks shoot videos up to half the thickness of the plate, which, of course, was worse than carburizing, since despite the fact that the hardness of the surface layer was higher than during carburizing, the elasticity of the hull sheets was significantly reduced. So the "Krupp method" in tank building made it possible to increase the strength of armor even somewhat more than carburizing. But the hardening technology that was used for sea armor of large thicknesses was no longer suitable for relatively thin tank armor. Before the war, this method was almost never used in our serial tank building due to technological difficulties and relatively high cost.

Combat use of tanks The most developed for tanks was the 45-mm tank gun mod 1932/34. (20K), and before the event in Spain, it was believed that its power was enough to perform most tank tasks. But the battles in Spain showed that the 45-mm gun could only satisfy the task of fighting enemy tanks, since even the shelling of manpower in the mountains and forests turned out to be ineffective, and it was possible to disable a dug-in enemy firing point only in the event of a direct hit . Shooting at shelters and bunkers was ineffective due to the small high-explosive action of a projectile weighing only about two kg.

Types of tanks photo so that even one hit of a projectile reliably disables an anti-tank gun or machine gun; and thirdly, in order to increase the penetrating effect of a tank gun on the armor of a potential enemy, since, using the example of French tanks (already having an armor thickness of the order of 40-42 mm), it became clear that the armor protection of foreign combat vehicles tends to be significantly increased. There was a right way to do this - increasing the caliber of tank guns and simultaneously increasing the length of their barrel, since a long gun of a larger caliber fires heavier projectiles at a higher muzzle velocity over a greater distance without correcting the pickup.

The best tanks in the world had a large caliber gun, also has big sizes breech, significantly more weight and increased recoil reaction. And this required an increase in the mass of the entire tank as a whole. In addition, the placement of large shots in the closed volume of the tank led to a decrease in the ammunition load.
The situation was aggravated by the fact that at the beginning of 1938 it suddenly turned out that there was simply no one to give an order for the design of a new, more powerful tank gun. P. Syachintov and his entire design team were repressed, as well as the core of the Bolshevik Design Bureau under the leadership of G. Magdesiev. Only the group of S. Makhanov remained at liberty, who from the beginning of 1935 tried to bring his new 76.2-mm semi-automatic single gun L-10, and the team of plant No. 8 slowly brought the "forty-five".

Photos of tanks with names The number of developments is large, but in mass production in the period 1933-1937. not a single one was accepted ... "In fact, none of the five air-cooled tank diesel engines, which were worked on in 1933-1937 in the engine department of plant No. 185, was brought to the series. Moreover, despite the decisions on the highest levels of the transition in tank building exclusively to diesel engines, this process was held back by a number of factors.Of course, diesel had significant efficiency.It consumed less fuel per unit of power per hour.Diesel fuel is less prone to ignition, since the flash point of its vapors was very high.

New tanks video, even the most advanced of them, the MT-5 tank engine required for serial production reorganization of engine production, which was expressed in the construction of new workshops, the supply of advanced foreign equipment (there were no machines of the required accuracy yet), financial investments and strengthening of personnel. It was planned that in 1939 this diesel engine with a capacity of 180 hp. will go to production tanks and artillery tractors, but due to investigative work to find out the causes of tank engine accidents, which lasted from April to November 1938, these plans were not fulfilled. The development of a slightly increased six-cylinder gasoline engine No. 745 with a power of 130-150 hp was also started.

Brands of tanks with specific indicators that suited the tank builders quite well. Tank tests were carried out according to new methodology, specially developed at the insistence of the new head of the ABTU D. Pavlov in relation to combat service in wartime. The basis of the tests was a run of 3-4 days (at least 10-12 hours of daily non-stop traffic) with a one-day break for technical inspection and restoration work. Moreover, repairs were allowed to be carried out only by field workshops without the involvement of factory specialists. This was followed by a "platform" with obstacles, "bathing" in the water with an additional load, simulating an infantry landing, after which the tank was sent for examination.

Super tanks online after the improvement work seemed to remove all claims from the tanks. And the general course of the tests confirmed the fundamental correctness of the main design changes - an increase in displacement by 450-600 kg, the use of the GAZ-M1 engine, as well as the Komsomolets transmission and suspension. But during the tests, numerous minor defects again appeared in the tanks. The chief designer N. Astrov was suspended from work and was under arrest and investigation for several months. In addition, the tank received a new improved protection turret. The modified layout made it possible to place on the tank a larger ammunition load for a machine gun and two small fire extinguishers (before there were no fire extinguishers on small tanks of the Red Army).

US tanks as part of modernization work, on one serial model of the tank in 1938-1939. the torsion bar suspension developed by the designer of the Design Bureau of Plant No. 185 V. Kulikov was tested. It was distinguished by the design of a composite short coaxial torsion bar (long monotorsion bars could not be used coaxially). However, such a short torsion bar in tests did not show enough nice results, and therefore the torsion bar suspension during further work did not immediately pave the way. Obstacles to be overcome: rises not less than 40 degrees, vertical wall 0.7 m, overlapping ditch 2-2.5 m.

YouTube about tanks work on the production of prototypes of D-180 and D-200 engines for reconnaissance tanks justifying his choice, N. Astrov said that the wheeled-tracked non-floating reconnaissance aircraft (factory designation 101 or 10-1), as well as the amphibious tank variant (factory designation 102 or 10- 2), are a compromise solution, since it is not possible to fully satisfy the requirements of ABTU.Option 101 was a tank weighing 7.5 tons with a hull like a hull, but with vertical side sheets of cemented armor 10-13 mm thick, since : "Sloping sides, causing a serious weighting of the suspension and hull, require a significant (up to 300mm) broadening of the hull, not to mention the complication of the tank.

Video reviews of tanks in which the power unit of the tank was planned to be based on the 250-horsepower MG-31F aircraft engine, which was mastered by the industry for agricultural aircraft and gyroplanes. Gasoline of the 1st grade was placed in a tank under the floor of the fighting compartment and in additional onboard gas tanks. The armament fully met the task and consisted of coaxial machine guns DK caliber 12.7 mm and DT (in the second version of the project even ShKAS appears) caliber 7.62 mm. Combat weight a tank with a torsion bar suspension was 5.2 tons, with a spring suspension - 5.26 tons. The tests were carried out from July 9 to August 21 according to the methodology approved in 1938, and Special attention given to tanks.

- the world's only tank of the third post-war generation. This is a completely Russian development.

Work on the creation of a new tank "Armata" was opened in 2010. The unified heavy platform of the Armata cipher, on the basis of which the tank was created, was developed by Uralvagonzavod from 2009 to 2010.

The T-14 "Armata" tank is equipped with a 125 mm 2A82 smoothbore gun (with the possibility of mounting a 152 mm 2A83) with remote (uninhabited turret) fully digital control. Ahead behind the powerful frontal armor is a protected isolated armored capsule with a crew sitting in a row on all sides. The gun is controlled from an isolated armored capsule. For the first time in the world, the crew is placed in an armored capsule, separated from the ammunition, which makes it possible for tankers to stay alive even with a direct hit on the turret and ignition of the ammunition. The tank will be able to withstand a frontal hit of most modern and promising types of anti-tank shells and missiles.

The tank contains up to 40 projectiles for various purposes in the automatic loader, and also has machine guns and sights that are superior to existing models, with the ability to fire on the move.

The power plant is a single 1200-horsepower A-85-3A diesel turbopiston engine for front- and rear-located engine compartments (MTO). Motor resource not less than 2000 hours, weight up to 5 tons. There is a possibility of modernization.

The Chelyabinsk GSKB "Transdiesel" was engaged in the development of the engine. Diesel four-stroke, X-shaped, 12-cylinder with gas turbine turbine supercharging and intercooled air, liquid-cooled engine 12N360 passed the whole range of tests, from resource to running in 2011.

Tank "Armata" the latest complex active protection "Afghanit", which can both physically destroy targets and disable them. Radio-optical radar "Afganit" consists of four active phased antenna arrays that warn of approaching projectiles. The electronic suppression system knocks down the trajectory of missiles - with the help of blocking lasers and radars and with the help of a smoke screen. In addition, the Armata is equipped with the Malachite dynamic defense system with the Relikt modular system, which, as expected, can easily eliminate tandem-type missiles.

The original silhouette, combined with the use of a special coating, significantly reduces the vehicle's visibility in the thermal and radar surveillance spectra.

Tactical and technical:

Combat weight - up to 55 tons

Crew - 3 people

Clearance - 500 mm

Caliber and brand of gun - 125 mm 2A82-1M

Engine power - 1500 liters. With.

Highway speed - up to 75 km / h

Target detection range - over 5000 m

Target engagement range - 7000-8000 m

Power reserve - over 500 km

Armor resistance - over 900 mm

For the first time, the T-14 tank on the Armata platform was demonstrated at the Victory Parade on May 9, 2015.