10 largest countries in the state. The most interesting facts

Land accounts for 29.2% of the planet's surface. This entire area is occupied by about two hundred countries. Half of the land area of ​​the Earth is divided between the ten largest states, and in two countries - China and India, more than 35% of the total population of the planet lives.

The largest countries in the world by area

We present you with a list and short description ten most big countries world in ascending order of area.

10. Algiers

The area of ​​the country is 2,381,741 km². The state is located in the northern part, the capital is the city of Algiers. The bulk of the population are Arabs. Berbers, the oldest African ethnic group, inhabit the foothills of the Atlas and a significant part of the Sahara regions. Most of the people are Muslim. Algeria is adjacent to the territory of six countries and the lands of Western Sahara. Neighbors are Mali, Libya, Tunisia, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger. The northern part goes to mediterranean sea. In Algeria, there is a unique Ink Lake, the ink from which is used to make ink and pen paste.

9. Kazakhstan

The area of ​​the country is 2,724,902 km². Kazakhstan is located in Asia, the capital is the city of Astana. The ethnic composition is represented by Kazakhs, Russians, Uzbeks, Tatars, Ukrainians. Representatives of other nationalities are few in number. Kazakhstan washes the Caspian and, which are inland. Neighboring states include Russia, China, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is in Kazakhstan that the world's largest cosmodrome "Baikonur" is located.

8. Argentina

3. PRC

The largest Asian state, with an area of ​​9,597,000 km². Beijing is cultural center and the capital of China. 56 nationalities live on the territory of the country, the population is distributed unevenly. China is washed by 4 seas Pacific Ocean. It borders on fourteen states, including Russia. Shanghai and Beijing are the most big cities in the world in terms of population density. The country is rich in architectural and natural attractions. Tourists are recommended to visit the Great Wall of China, the Temple of Heaven and Ancient city Pingyao.

2. Canada

The area of ​​Canada is 9,984,670 km². The capital is the city of Ottawa. The state is located in North America. The population is represented by Anglo-Canadians, French-Canadians and small ethnic groups. The shores of the country are washed by the Pacific, Atlantic and Northern Arctic oceans. In the south and northwest (with Alaska), Canada is adjacent to the United States. Their land border is the longest in the world. Most of the lands that fall on and mountainous areas are not developed by man. Natural complexes border on major cities. The population of the country is doing everything possible to preserve it in its original form. In Canada organized set national parks. are natural wealth countries. Notable natural monuments include the Montmorency Falls, the Bay of Fundy, the Rocky Mountains and Slave Lake.

1. Russia

Russia, with a territory of about 17,100,000 km², is indisputably the most big country on the ground. There are more than one hundred and sixty nationalities living in the Russian Federation. 12 seas belonging to the basins of the Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. The land border of Russia extends over 22,000 km. It neighbors with fourteen states, including China, North Korea, Norway and Finland. The country is unique in every way. Due to its great length, nature is striking in its diversity. In different parts you can see glaciers and alpine meadows. The territory of the Russian Federation is covered with a dense river network and countless lakes. Each region has its own unique natural monuments: Lake Baikal, the Altai Mountains, the Valley of Geysers, the Lena Pillars, the Putorana Plateau, etc.

Largest countries in the world by population

If we take into account the population as of 2018, then the list of the largest countries on the planet will look like this:

1. China - more than 1.39 billion people;
2. India - more than 1.35 billion people;
3. USA - more than 325 million people;
4. Indonesia - more than 267 million people;
5. Pakistan - more than 211 million people;
6. Brazil - more than 209 million people;
7. Nigeria - more than 196 million people;
8. Bangladesh - more than 166 million people;
9. Russia - more than 146 million people;
10. Japan - more than 126 million people.

The territory of our planet is divided into countries. Each state has its own history, language, traditions, territory ... The borders of countries are clearly defined. Borders are both land and sea. There are also neutral territories. If you look into history, you can see how they were created modern countries, alliances were formed, now non-existing states, cities, peoples went into oblivion. There are currently 251 countries on our planet.

The territory occupied by the country is of great importance for its development, cultural characteristics and economic opportunities. Great importance has a location, climate, the presence of natural resources, and much more, including the size of the territory occupied by one country.

As you know, the largest country in the world is Russia. The territory of Russia is about 17,098,242 km2. The capital of Russia is Moscow. In second place is Canada. Canada is already much smaller at 9,976,139 km2. Capital of Canada: Ottawa. In third place is the United States, not so far gone third place from second. The United States covers an area of ​​9,826,675 km2. The capital of the USA is Washington.

Hello my dear explorers! Not so long ago we found out on earth. In continuation of the topic, we are making the top ten, which will include the largest countries. We will focus on the territory, but do not forget about the population.

Let's start from the end.

Lesson plan:

Algeria

The honorary tenth place in the world among the giant countries in terms of area is occupied by the Algerian Folk democratic republic, or simply - Algeria. The largest country in North Africa covers 2,381,740 square kilometers. This is approximately 1.59% of the total land area earth's surface, while about 80 percent of the state is covered by the Sahara Desert.

In translation, the name Algiers means "islands". He became famous for the extraction of gas and oil, occupying these natural resources 8 and 15 places in the world respectively. There are also ferrous and non-ferrous metals and ores.

In Algeria, there is an ink lake, which got its name due to the special water composition. Nature arranged it so that two rivers flow into the lake, one of which is rich in iron salts, and the other collects organic matter from peat bogs on its way. As a result of their connection, chemical reaction, and ink is generated.

Kazakhstan

In ninth place in terms of square kilometers of area, one of the youngest states on the planet is Kazakhstan, approaching the figure of 2,724,902, or 1.82% of the land. Most of it is located in Asia, and the smaller part belongs to Europe. At 7,512.8 kilometers, the Russian-Kazakh border is considered the longest continuous land border.

More than half of the country (58%) is covered by deserts and semi-deserts. Here is the second largest in the world salt Lake Balkhash, who has half fresh water, and half is salty, and why this is so, scientists cannot explain in any way.

Kazakhstan became famous throughout the planet for the Baikonur cosmodrome, from where and launched for the first time in the world.

Argentina

2,766,890 square kilometers, or 1.85% of the land, is occupied by the Argentine Republic. The second largest country in the South American continent and the eighth in the world.

Argentina means "land of silver" in translation. There is a lot of uranium and copper, lead and iron ore. The Argentinean capital has the longest street in the world, 9th of July Avenue, with 20,000 houses.

Argentina is also the birthplace of tango dance.

India

The South Asian state - the Republic of India ranks seventh due to its area of ​​​​3,287,263 square kilometers, which is 2.2% of the earth's land. Home to such ancient civilizations as Buddhism and Hinduism, India is also the second most populous country in the world, second only to China. According to 2016 data, 1.3 billion people live here.

It was here, where long ago, between the rivers Indus and Ganges, the most ancient terrestrial civilization was born, the first chess appeared and the first cotton fabric was made.

Australia

In sixth place, occupying the whole mainland and several more islands, the state from southern hemisphere Australia. Its area is 7,686,850 sq. km, or 5.16% of the earth's land surface. Its name has been carried by both the country and the continent at the same time, since 1824.

The former territory of the Aboriginal people who settled here about 70,000 years ago, today Australia is an economically developed country, occupying 13th position in the world standard of living, actively mining uranium, coal and zirconium.

And here live koala bears, kangaroos and marsupial wolves not found in other parts of the world.

Brazil

The top five includes the largest South America the state of the federal republic of Brazil with an area of ​​8,511,965 sq.m., which equals 5.71% of the total overland land. Brazil has several archipelagos within its territory.

It used to be called Terra da Vera Cruz, which translated as "the land of the true cross", then it became known as the "land of the holy cross" from Terra da Sana Cruz. Later, according to one version, the country received its modern name from the name of the PauBrasil mahogany species.

Every Brazilian is a footballer and carnival participant. The Amazon River, the largest on the planet, flows through Brazil, on the coast of which significant gold reserves have been found.

The jungles of Brazil are called the "lungs of the Earth", and this country is also considered the largest producer of apples.

In addition, Brazil is the fifth largest country in terms of population, which has already exceeded 207 million.

America

America ranks fourth in the list of the largest with a territory of 9,518,900 square meters, occupying 6.39% of the earth's land, slightly inferior to the Chinese, and also third in terms of the number of residents with a population of 322,762,000 people.

The US despairs of the unique legal system: adopted back in 1787, the basic law - the Constitution is valid to this day, replenished with only a few amendments. Despite this, America has the palm in terms of the number of crimes.

There are 6 time zones in one country, and its 50 states are so different that the smallest Roy Island is located on 4,000 square kilometers, the area of ​​​​the largest Alaska is 1,717,854 square kilometers.

China

Bronze in terms of area goes to China with a territory of 6.44% of the total land area of ​​9,598,077 sq. km. But no one has caught up with the People's Republic of China in terms of the number of inhabitants.

The population of China is 1,410,550,000 people! That is, every fifth inhabitant of the planet is a Chinese citizen!

Together with Indian, Chinese civilization is one of the most ancient. The Chinese have one the most difficult languages, containing 50,000 characters in the form of hieroglyphs. There are more than 7 completely different language dialects in the country, so it is not surprising that the northern Chinese do not understand the inhabitants of southern China.

Canada

Silver goes to Canada. It is located in most North America on an area of ​​​​6.7% of the land, or 9,976,140 sq. km, and 75% of its territory is the northern zone, 31% of the total area is forests, so most of the country is climatic conditions not inhabited.

The Indian word "kanata" meant "settlement", "village". Heard by the researcher - founder from France Cartier in 1536 local residents Iroquois, it took root and began to denote the name of the country.

Canada has the longest coastline with 202,080 kilometers. And also here the largest number lakes than in all countries combined - more than 3 million. They provide 1/5 of the world's fresh water supply.

On Canadian territory, there is the northernmost point on earth - Alert Station, where military establishment Canada.

Russia

From the first guess, who is on the top step of the pedestal with gold?

We can be proud of our country also because it is the largest in area! Russia has 17,125,191 square kilometers, located on 11.5% of the earth's land surface simultaneously in Europe and Asia, having common borders with 18 other states at once. Compare Russian territory it is possible with the area of ​​Pluto, and the silver champion of Canada, Russia, is 1.7 times larger.

In addition, with a population of 146,544,700 Russians, our country is among the ten largest and in terms of numbers, ranking 9th.

On the territory of our country there is the largest plain in the world - the West Siberian.

Here is the longest Railway on the planet - the Trans-Siberian Railway, connecting the distance of 9,298 km between Moscow and Vladivostok, overcoming 87 settlements and crossing 16 rivers, passing through 8 time zones.

Russia is the only country washed by as many as 12 seas! And the most multinational state on earth - the largest supplier natural gas and is one of the top three oil leaders.

This is how the top ten giant countries turned out.

By the way, did you know that the area of ​​the Earth is 510,072,000 square kilometers, of which 148,939,063 square kilometers are land. In the entire history of states, the largest in terms of territory was the British Empire, which by 1921, together with all its colonies, totaled 36.6 million square kilometers.

That's all for today. With wishes for a successful school finish, your ShkolaLa.

You can designate the ten largest countries in the world in several categories.

• Usually such states are those that located on largest territories . With such a classification, of course, the first place will be taken by the Russian Federation.
• You can also determine the largest countries in the world by population. In this case, the title of the largest state will go to China, because 1.2 billion people live in this country.
• Sometimes the most big states consider most economically developed countries that jointly conduct their policies are the so-called "Group of Eight countries" - England, France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Japan and Russia, and, of course, the United States of America - the state with the highest economic indicators in the world.

the site decided to compile its own rating and determine the largest countries by area. The top 10 countries are different continents. Five countries are located on the American continent, four states are in Eurasia, and one is in Africa. The most common language of communication in some of these states is English. It is used in the United States, Canada, Australia and India. Russian is used in our country and Kazakhstan.

1 place. Russian Federation, area - 17,126,122 km²

In terms of territory, our country loses only to the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The area of ​​Russia, including Crimea, is 17,126,122 km². Thus, Russia occupies approximately 11.41% of the entire earth's land area, and about 12.5% ​​of the planet's lands inhabited by people.

2nd place. Canada, area - 9,984,670 km²

Canada is next. This country is located on approximately 40% of the territory of the entire continent of North America and occupies 9,984,670 km². 9,093,507 km² is the land area, which is 6.1% of the land area of ​​our entire planet. In other words, Canada less than Russia almost 1.7 times. By the way, it is on the territory of this country that the northernmost point in the world where people still live is located - this is the Alert station of the Canadian Forces, which is located only 834 km from the North Pole.

3rd place. China, area - 9,596,960 km²

China is located on a territory of 9,596,960 km², of which 9,326,410 km² is land (6.26% of the total land area of ​​the Earth). Chinese People's Republic It is also the largest country in the world in terms of population. In 2009, about 1 billion 339 million people officially lived in it. Sometimes the third largest country in the world is called the United States of America.

4th place. United States of America, area - 9,518,900 km²

In Russian sources, the United States is usually put in fourth place in the list of the largest countries and its area is considered to be 9,518,900 km². However, there are materials English language(for example, CIA The World Factbook), in which the area of ​​\u200b\u200bAmerica is approximately equal to 9,826,630 km², where 9,161,923 km² is land area (6.15% of the planet's land mass), which puts it in third place in terms of territory. In addition, America is the third most populated country in the world.

5th place. Brazil, area - 8,511,965 km²

This is the most populous and largest state of the South American continent, occupying almost half of its area. Brazil is located on 8,511,965 km², 8,456,510 of the territory is land, which is equal to 5.67% of the entire land mass of the planet. Brazil is also among the most populated countries in the world: in 2009, about 198.7 million inhabitants lived here.

6th place. Australia, area - 7,686,850 km²

The sixth place in our ranking is occupied by Australia, the only state in the world that occupies an entire continent. Australia is located on 7,686,850 km², of which 7,617,930 km² is land, which is about 5.1% of the entire land area of ​​the planet.

7th place. India, area - 3,287,590 km²

India is in the seventh place in the ranking of the largest countries, covering an area of ​​3,287,590 km², including 2,973,190 km² - the land part. In other words, its share is 2% of the entire land mass of the Earth. In addition, India is the second most populous country after China, with a population of 1,166.1 million.

8th place. Argentina, area - 2,776,890 km²

After Brazil, Argentina ranks second in size and population in the South American mainland. Its area is 2,776,890 km², 2,736,690 km² of land is on land, which is 1.8% of the entire land surface of the planet. The population of the Argentine state in 2009 was equal to 40.9 million people.

9th place. Kazakhstan, area - 2,717,300 km²

Kazakhstan occupies 2,717,300 km², of which 2,669,800 km² is land, which corresponds to 1.8% of the planet's land areas. A huge part of the territory of Kazakhstan - 58% - is deserts and semi-deserts.

10th place. Algeria, area - 2,381,740 km²

Algeria, with its 2,381,740 km², is the largest country in North Africa. Most of The country's territory lies in the Sahara Desert (80% of the total area).

P.S. 15th place. Sudan, area - 1,886,068 km²

In the north-east African continent there is another large state of this mainland - Sudan. It covers an area of ​​1,886,068 km². In addition, this state is the fifth in Africa in terms of population.

You ask, why in the TOP-10 to indicate the 15th place? The fact is that not so long ago it was Sudan that ranked tenth in the ranking of the largest countries in the world in terms of area, and now only 15th.

Surely everyone knows that the largest in the world is Russia. TravelAsk wants to give you a closer look at its magnitude.

largest territory

Russia is the largest country in the world, with an area of ​​17.1 million square kilometers, about twice the size of Canada, the second largest country in terms of area. And this is one sixth of all land on the planet.

By the way, if Antarctica were a state, it would rank second in the world after Russia, with an area of ​​14.4 million square kilometers.

In the 18th century, Russia was the third largest empire in human history. Its territory started from European Poland, and ended with North American Alaska.

Russia especially grew during the reign of the Romanov dynasty. Every monarch left his heir a country bigger size than received from its predecessor.

Russia is almost twice as large (to be more precise, 1.8). In terms of area, the country is approximately equal to the entire planet Pluto.

The Russian Federation has borders with 16 states, and this is the largest border in the world. The total length of the borders is 60,000 kilometers, 20,000 of them are land.

Russia is the only state whose territory is washed by twelve seas.

The country has 10 time zones, as it has a large extent from West to East.

In terms of population, Russia ranks seventh in the world, with about 145 million people living in the country, and 79% of the population are Russians.

Harsh climate

In Russia, very different climate. Yes, in the winter average temperature+5 degrees, and at the same time in Novosibirsk -15 degrees. But the Oymyakonsky district of Yakutia breaks records: here the average monthly temperature in January is -61 degrees.

There are no other places in the world where people constantly live and work at such low temperatures. By the way, it is in Oymyakon that the most low temperature air for the entire history of -71.2 degrees. It happened in 1924.

Interesting facts about Russia

Fact number 1. West Siberian Plain is the largest plain on the planet.

Fact number 2. Forests occupy about 60% of the territory of the entire country.

Fact number 4. There are many water bodies in Russia: 2.5 million rivers and 3 million lakes.

Fact number 5. Russia is considered European country, but at the same time 2/3 of the country is in Asia.

Fact number 6. The longest railway in the world is in Russia. This is the Trans-Siberian Railway. The Great Siberian Way connects Moscow and, at a length of 9298 kilometers, it crosses 8 time zones, 16 rivers, passes through 87 cities and settlements.

Fact number 7. Siberian Lake Baikal is the most deep lake in the world and the largest source of fresh water on the planet.

The lake has 23 cubic kilometers of water. All major rivers world must flow for almost a year to fill a pool of this volume.

Fact number 7. Russia is separated from America by 4 kilometers. This is the distance between the islands in the Bering Strait: Ratmanov (Russia) and Kruzenshtern ().

Fact number 8. Before the 1917 revolution, the Russian family was one of the largest in the world. In Russia, it was believed that 8 children in a family is very few. It was normal to have 12-14 children.

Fact number 9. The Moscow Kremlin is the largest medieval fortress in the world.

The total length of the Kremlin walls is 2235 meters.

Fact number 10. Russia has the most large stocks natural gas, peat, timber, salt, drinking water, crabs, sturgeon, tin, zinc, titanium, niobium, nickel, iron ore, diamonds, silver.

Fact number 11. There are 103 nature reserves in the country, 43 giant national parks and 70 reserves. total area specially protected natural areas Russia is about 600 thousand square kilometers, which is about 4% of the entire area of ​​the country. The area of ​​parks in Moscow is much larger than in any Western city.

Thus, Izmailovsky Park has an area of ​​15.34 square kilometers, which is six times larger than Central Park, beloved by New Yorkers.

Fact number 12. The Siberian taiga is the largest forest in the world.

Fact number 13. 40 percent of the area of ​​Europe is the territory Russian Federation.

Fact number 14. Russian oil and gas pipelines are very long: almost 260,000 kilometers.

Fact #15 The world's largest amount of renewable water resources also in Russia. It is 4498 km3.

Who else is in the lead

It occupies the second place in terms of area, its dimensions are 9,984,670 square kilometers. However, despite high level life, it is sparsely populated: there are only 3.5 Canadians per square kilometer. It's all about the harsh climate.

The third place is rightfully occupied by China. Its area is 9,598,962 square kilometers. This is the most populous country.