Presentation "plants - inhabitants of the seas and oceans". Animals and plants in the oceans Presentation on plants of the Pacific Ocean
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The world's oceans The ocean is not just a body of water, it is full of life, sometimes much more diverse than the land. In total, there are five oceans on earth: the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, South Arctic and Indian. Scientists estimate the number of inhabitants of the ocean as more than two hundred thousand diverse organisms. The permanent inhabitants of the ocean waters, in addition to a variety of fish, are crustaceans, cetaceans, turtles, cephalopods (squids, octopuses, etc.), benthos and plankton.
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Seaweeds Seaweeds are ancient, stratified spore plants containing chlorophyll in their cells and living mainly in water. Such a definition, however, does not give an idea of the enormous diversity in body structure that is characteristic of seaweeds. Here we meet with unicellular and multicellular, and with large forms of various structures. There is great diversity in the methods of reproduction. Even in color, seaweeds are not the same, since some contain only chlorophyll, others still have a number of additional pigments that color them in different colors.
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Corals Coral is the skeletal material of a colony of coral polyps (“bioherms”). Large accumulations of coral form coral reefs and coral islands. The color of corals depends on the composition and amount of organic compounds: there are not only pink, but also red, blue, white and even black corals. Red corals are called "blood foam", "flower of blood", black - "royal corals". Pink, red and black corals are considered the most valuable.
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Whales Whales are marine mammals from the order of cetaceans, not related to either dolphins or porpoises. Orcas ("killer whales") and pilot whales have the word "whale" in their informal names, although they are strictly classified as dolphins. Whales switched to an aquatic lifestyle about 50 million years ago. Cetaceans are divided into two suborders: Baleen whales, distinguished by their whiskers, a filter-like structure located on the upper jaw, consisting mainly of keratin. The mustache is used to filter plankton from the water. Baleen whales are the largest suborder of whales. Toothed whales have teeth and prey on fish and squid. The remarkable ability of this group is the ability to sense their environment through echolocation.
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Dolphins Dolphins are characterized by the presence of a relatively small snout; the body is elongated; has a dorsal fin. Very mobile and dexterous, voracious predators, living mostly socially; found in all seas. They feed mainly on fish, mollusks, crustaceans; sometimes they attack their relatives. They are also distinguished by curiosity and traditionally a good attitude towards a person.
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Crabs The head of the crabs is small, the short abdomen is symmetrical and bent under the jaw and chest. They live in the seas, fresh waters and on land. Sometimes photos reach huge sizes. The giant crab, caught off the coast of Japan, had a distance between the ends of the claws of 3.69 m. There are over 6780 species in the world.
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Sharks Sharks are a superorder of cartilaginous fishes, including eight orders, twenty families and about 350 species. Representatives of the superorder are widespread in all seas and oceans; freshwater sharks are also found. Most of the species belong to the so-called real predators, some species, in particular whale, giant and largemouth sharks, feed on plankton.
Diversity of the Organic World The Pacific Ocean is characterized by exceptional diversity of the organic world. This is explained by the size of the ocean, the variety of living conditions in its waters. It is believed that this ocean is the oldest on our planet. The Pacific Ocean is characterized by an exceptional diversity of the organic world. This is explained by the size of the ocean, the variety of living conditions in its waters. It is believed that this ocean is the oldest on our planet.
Sea turtle The sea turtle swims and dives perfectly (its lungs are distinguished by branched bronchi). Turtles usually stay in coastal waters, where thickets of sea grasses are located at a relatively shallow depth, serving as their main food.
Lots of fish Coral reefs are inhabited by many colorful coral fish. Most coral fish live closer to the seabed and feed on algae. Coral fish eat fungi that grow on the shell of a sea turtle. The sea turtle tries to stay close to these fish, waiting for the moment when the fish can perform the cleaning procedure. Coral reefs are inhabited by many colorful coral fish. Most coral fish live closer to the seabed and feed on algae. Coral fish eat fungi that grow on the shell of a sea turtle. The sea turtle tries to stay close to these fish, waiting for the moment when the fish can perform the cleaning procedure.
Humpback Whale (Humpback Whale) The humpback whale (humpback whale) is one of the most energetic of the large whales, and is well known for its spectacular leaping out of the water, sticking out its tail and flapping its fins. The dorsal fin is in the form of a hump. The humpback whale (humpback whale) is one of the most energetic of the large whales and is well known for its spectacular jumping out of the water, exposing its tail and flapping its fins. The dorsal fin is in the form of a hump.
Beluga whale Beluga whale is a marine mammal of the dolphin family. Length - up to 6 m, weighs up to 2 tons. It lives in the northern seas. The beluga whale emits sound signals: whistling, screeching, roaring. It has a developed echolocation apparatus and, by means of sent and reflected ultrasounds, orients itself in the environment. Beluga is a marine mammal of the dolphin family. Length - up to 6 m, weighs up to 2 tons. It lives in the northern seas. The beluga whale emits sound signals: whistling, screeching, roaring. It has a developed echolocation apparatus and, by means of sent and reflected ultrasounds, orients itself in the environment.
Shark White shark - "white death", as sailors and coastal residents call it .. In a second, it swims 15 meters. Its length reaches seven to eight meters. This shark has a huge mouth. A large shark can effortlessly bite a person in half. But sharks rarely attack people. Favorite food - octopus, squid and fish. If the water is cool or cold in the sea, sharks do not eat anything at all. The white shark - "white death", as sailors and coastal residents call it .. In a second, it swims 15 meters. Its length reaches seven to eight meters. This shark has a huge mouth. A large shark can effortlessly bite a person in half. But sharks rarely attack people. Favorite food - octopus, squid and fish. If the water is cool or cold in the sea, sharks do not eat anything at all.
Killer Whale The killer whale is a marine mammal of the dolphin subfamily. They are very agile creatures, the largest of the carnivorous dolphins. Length up to 10 m, weight up to 8 tons. Widely distributed. Predator, attacks whales, pinnipeds, penguins. The killer whale is a marine mammal of the dolphin subfamily. They are very agile creatures, the largest of the carnivorous dolphins. Length up to 10 m, weight up to 8 tons. Widely distributed. Predator, attacks whales, pinnipeds, penguins.
Walruses A walrus is a marine mammal of the order of pinnipeds. Length up to 4 m, weighs up to 2 tons. The fangs of the upper jaw protrude from the mouth (up to 80 cm in the male). Distributed almost circumpolar. At depths of 30 to 50 m, walruses feed on molluscs, crustaceans, less often they eat worms, echinoderms, and fish.
Emperor penguin Penguins are a group of swimming birds. The wings are like flippers. Length - from 40 cm weigh from 3 to 42 kg. There are 17 types. They live on sea coasts. They swim and dive well. They nest in colonies. The penguin is listed in the Red Book. Penguins are a group of swimming birds. The wings are like flippers. Length - from 40 cm weigh from 3 to 42 kg. There are 17 types. They live on sea coasts. They swim and dive well. They nest in colonies. The penguin is listed in the Red Book.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world and covers about a third of the Earth's surface area. The depth of the ocean varies from shallow shores to the Mariana Trench, the deepest point of which (Challenger Abyss) reaches a depth of almost 11 thousand km. Due to its sheer size, the Pacific Ocean is home to countless species of sea creatures, and some of the best-known animals are:
Penguins
Numerous species live in the Pacific Ocean, including Galapagos penguins, Humboldt penguins, Magellanic penguins, crested penguins and yellow-eyed penguins. These animals vary in size, from 1 kg in weight and a height at the withers of about 40 cm, to a weight of 35 kg and a height of about 100 cm.
dugongs
sea elephants
The largest genus distributed in the Pacific Ocean. It includes two species: the northern elephant seal and the southern elephant seal. The northern species is distributed in the North Pacific Ocean along the North American coast, and the southern one is near. These huge marine mammals exhibit sexual dimorphism and adult males are much larger than females. The average weight of an adult seal is about 2 tons, while some individuals grow up to 4 tons.
Manti
The largest stingrays - representatives of the Manta genus - live in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean. They are found near coral reefs, where they prey on fish and tiny ones. Adult manta rays can have a body width of up to 9 m and a weight of 3 tons. The stingray is a solitary animal and surprisingly calm, despite its impressive size. Rays are preyed upon by large sharks and killer whales.
sea otters
The sea otter is a common resident of the North Pacific, especially along its northern and eastern coasts. Sea otters are relatively small compared to other marine mammals, and adults can reach a maximum mass of about 45 kg and a body length of up to 1.5 m. They feed on small marine animals and seaweed.
sea turtles
Sea turtles is a general term used to describe seven species of the turtle order. These species include: flat sea turtle, green turtle, hawksbill, Atlantic ridley, leatherback turtle, loggerhead and olive turtle. The leatherback turtle is the largest of all sea turtles, and adults weigh up to 700 kg. Sea turtles are found in the tropical Pacific Ocean.
sea slugs
Sea slugs is a term used for marine, known as nudibranchs, as well as several gastropods, which closely resemble land slugs. Sea slugs are mostly found in coral reefs and come in a variety of shapes and sizes, but most are partially translucent. Most sea slugs have feather-like structures on their backs that function as gills. Sea slugs are carnivores and they prey on , anemones and planktonic organisms.
Octopuses
It is one of the most common cephalopods in the Pacific Ocean. Different species live in different parts of the ocean. The octopus has one of the largest brain-to-body ratios of any species and also has a complex nervous system. Octopus species vary in size, with the largest being the giant octopus, which can grow up to 50 kg.
giant squid
The giant squid is a member of the architeutid family ( architeuthidae). This squid is one of the most elusive Pacific creatures and one of the largest invertebrates in the world (the other being the large Antarctic giant squid). Adults grow up to 13 m in length, and females are relatively larger than males. Giant squid are found in the North Pacific near Japan.
Pacific white-sided dolphins
Pacific white-sided dolphin - found in the North Pacific Ocean. Animals of this species have a gray back and a creamy white belly and neck. Adult females grow up to 100 kg and have a body length of about 2.2 m, while males have a weight of up to 180 kg and a length of 2.3 m. These dolphins are quite mobile and become victims only of killer whales.
sea lions
The sea lion is the largest member of the eared seal family ( Otariidae). Adult males can reach a weight of 1000 kg and a body length of 3-3.5 m. This species exhibits sexual dimorphism and males are larger than females. Males have a massive neck covered with a mane resembling a lion's. These marine mammals are found in the North Pacific.
hammerhead sharks
The hammerhead shark is one of the most common marine creatures in the Pacific Ocean. These sharks are easily identified by their hammer-like head shape. Thanks to this feature, the shark has 360-degree vision. Adult sharks can reach a mass of more than 500 kg and a body length of about 6 m.
Geographical position:
limited to eastern coast Eurasia and Australia , west coast Northern and South America, the Arctic Ocean in the north, Antarctica in the south
The Pacific Ocean is usually divided into northern and southern regions, the border of which runs along the equator line.
General information:
- Square 178.68 million km²
- Volume 710.36 million km³
- Average depth : 4,282 m.
- Greatest depth : 11022 m (Marian Trench).
- Salinity : 30-36.5‰.
- The international date line runs along the 180th meridian of the Pacific Ocean.
The name "Quiet" is associated with the name of F. Magellan
for the first time it was crossed by Ferdinand Magellan in 1519, the ocean was called "Pacific", because for all three months of the journey Magellan's ships did not fall into a single storm.
The Pacific Ocean at different times had several names:
Southern Ocean or South Sea (Mar del Sur) - that's what it was called Indians, the indigenous inhabitants of Central America, and this name was adopted by the Spanish conquistador Balboa, the first European to see the ocean in 1513. Today Southern Ocean called the waters Antarctica .
great ocean- named by French geographer Buachem in 1753. The most correct, but not accustomed name.
Eastern Ocean- sometimes called Russia .
ocean relief
Map of the depths of the Pacific Ocean
The ocean floor is dotted with pits, crevices, trenches, the depth of which is much higher than the average. In the northern latitudes there are such trenches as the North Aleutian and Kuril-Kamchatsky. In the east: Peruvian and Central American. In the west, there are two huge trenches - the Mariana and the Philippine.
Along the bottom of the Pacific about ocean runs through the Mid-Ocean Ridge.
The famous "fire" ring of the Pacific Ocean
Two huge rings of water movement are formed in the ocean: northern and southern. The northern ring includes the North Trade Wind, Kuroshio, North Pacific and California currents,
the southern ring is made up of the South Equatorial, East Australian, Western Winds Current and Peruvian Current.
Natural features of the ocean.
Question to the class: What are ocean currents ?
Flora and fauna Pacific Ocean
In the waters of the Pacific Ocean is concentrated more than half of the living matter of the entire oceans Earth. This applies to both plants and animals.
For the fauna, totaling up to 100 thousand species: sperm whales, striped whales. seals (sea lions), northern seals; rich fauna fish (from 2000 in warm areas to 800 in cold ones), corals, plankton - 380 species
At the bottom Pacific ocean inhabited by worms with luminous "bombs"
Y/n: §17
- Designate the major islands of the Pacific Ocean on a contour map;
- Fill in the table in the column "Pacific Ocean".
"Animal World" - Caucasian Reserve. Lemming. Little bustard. Russia is a country with a vast territory, and therefore a rich wildlife. Forest-steppe beam. "Animal world of Russia". White Owl. Of the birds, there are larks, steppe eagle, harrier, bustard, demoiselle crane. Steppe Eagle. Boar. Maral. Created to protect sable.
"World of the Indian Ocean" - Moray eels (lat. Muraena) - a genus of fish from the eel family (Muraenidae). Murena-. The skin of the fish is naked, without scales. Tuna food includes some cephalopods, as well as small fish. Hamsa-(lat. Sharks. Caridea) - infraorder of crustaceans from the order of decapods (Decapoda). Lobsters (lat. Underwater world of the Indian Ocean.
"Diversity of the animal world" - Light and temperature terrain wind and humidity. Aristotle (384-322 BC). Animals Mushrooms. Thickness of water. Competition commensalism symbiosis. Plants Animals Mushrooms. Soil Ground-air. Eukaryotes. Soil formation. habitats. Diversity of the animal world Body shape. The diversity of the animal world The nature of movement.
"Plant World" - Color and remember. Map of natural zones of Eurasia. Drought resistant plants. Tulip Schrenk. Steppe vegetation. We and the environment. Plant world of the steppes. Vegetation map of the Rostov region. Early flowering plants.
"Animals of the ocean" - Rays are sometimes jokingly called flattened sharks. There are parrot fish in many seas. Stingrays. The largest animal. Cetaceans live in almost all the seas and oceans of the planet. The shark does not swim alone in the ocean. But no. The largest animal on earth is the Whale. Annotation. Life in the ocean. Sea stars.
"Development of the plant world" - Algae. Development. The emergence of life Aquatic 2-3 billion years ago on Earth. The emergence and dominance of the Terrestrial Over 200 million years ago Gymnosperms ago. Mosses. Lesson objectives: Seed plants. higher plants. ferns. The emergence and dominance of Terrestrial wet 300 million years ago ferns.