Test. Phlegmatic person. Melancholic. Choleric. Sanguine - who are you?

Eysenck's technique

Target. The questionnaire is designed to study individual psychological personality traits in order to diagnose the degree of severity of properties put forward as essential components of personality: neuroticism, extra-, introversion and psychotism.

The questionnaire contains 101 questions, to which the subject must answer "yes" (+) or "no" (--). The response time is not limited, although it is not recommended to delay the examination procedure.

Instruction. You are invited to answer questions about your conventional way behavior Try to imagine typical situations and give the first "natural" answer that comes to mind

If you agree with the statement, put + (yes) next to its number, if not - sign -- (no). Answer quickly and accurately. Remember that there are no "good" or "bad" answers."

Questionnaire text

• 1. Do you have many different hobbies?
• 2. Do you think ahead about what you are going to do?
• 3. Do you often have ups and downs in your mood?
• 4. Have you ever claimed praise for something another person actually did?
• 5. Are you a talkative person?
• 6. Would you be worried about getting into debt?
• 7. Have you ever felt unhappy for no particular reason?
• 8. Have you ever been greedy to get more than you were entitled to?
• 9. Do you carefully lock the door at night?
• 10. Do you consider yourself a cheerful person?
• 11. When you see how a child, an animal suffers, would you be very upset?
• 12. Do you often worry about doing or saying things that you shouldn't have done or said?
• 13. Do you always keep your promises, even if it is very inconvenient for you personally?
• 14. Would you enjoy skydiving?
• 15. Are you able to give vent to feelings and have fun in a noisy company?
• 16. Are you irritable?
• 17. Have you ever blamed someone for something you were actually guilty of?
• 18. Do you enjoy meeting new people?
• 19. Do you believe in insurance?
• 20. Are you easily offended?
• 21. Are all your habits good and desirable?
• 22. Do you try to be in the background when in society?
• 23. Would you take drugs that could put you in an unusual or dangerous state (alcohol, drugs)?
• 24. Do you often feel like you are tired of everything?
• 25. Have you ever taken things belonging to another person, even if it was such a small thing as a pin or a button?
• 26. Do you like to go often to visit someone and be in society?
• 27. Do you enjoy hurting those you love?
• 28. Do you often feel guilty?
• 29. Have you ever talked about something you are not good at?
• 30. Do you usually prefer books to meeting people?
• 31. Do you have obvious enemies?
• 32. Would you call yourself a nervous person?
• 33. Do you always apologize when you are rude to another?
• 34. Do you have many friends?
• 35. Do you enjoy playing pranks and pranks that can sometimes really hurt people?
• 36. Are you a restless person?
• 37. As a child, did you always meekly and immediately do what you were ordered to do?
• 38. Do you consider yourself a carefree person?
• 39. How much do good manners and cleanliness mean to you?
• 40. Do you worry about any terrible things that could have happened but didn't?
• 41. Have you ever broken or lost someone else's thing?
• 42. Are you usually the first to take the initiative when meeting someone?
• 43. Can you easily understand a person's condition if he shares worries with you?
• 44. Are your nerves often stretched to the limit?
• 45. Will you throw an unnecessary piece of paper on the floor if there is no basket at hand?
• 46. ​​Are you more silent when you are in the company of other people?
• 47. Do you think marriage is old fashioned and should be abolished?
• 48. Do you sometimes feel sorry for yourself?
• 49. Do you sometimes boast a lot?
• 50. Can you easily spice up a rather boring company?
• 51. Do careful drivers annoy you?
• 52. Are you worried about your health?
• 53. Have you ever spoken badly about another person?
• 54. Do you like to tell jokes and jokes to your friends?
• 55. Do most foods taste the same to you?
• 56. Do you sometimes have a bad mood?
• 57. Did you ever tease your parents as a child?
• 58. Do you enjoy interacting with people?
• 59. Do you worry if you find out that you made mistakes in your work?
• 60. Do you suffer from insomnia?
• 61. Do you always wash your hands before eating?
• 62. Are you one of those people who do not go into their pocket for words?
• 63. Do you prefer to come to a meeting a little earlier than the appointed time?
• 64. Do you feel lethargic, tired for no reason?
• 65. Do you like work that requires quick action?
• 66. Do you love to talk so much that you do not miss any opportunity to talk with a new person?
• 67. Your mother - good man(was a good person)?
• 68. Do you often feel that life is terribly boring?
• 69. Have you ever taken advantage of another person's misstep for your own purposes?
• 70. Do you often take on more than your time allows?
• 71. Are there people who try to avoid you?
• 72. Are you very concerned about your appearance?
• 73. Are you always polite, even with unpleasant people?
• 74. Do you think that people spend too much time to secure their future by saving, insuring themselves and their lives?
• 75. Have you ever wanted to die?
• 76. Would you try to avoid paying tax on additional earnings if you were sure that you could never be convicted of this?
• 77. The soul of the company - is it about you?
• 78. Do you try not to be rude to people?
• 79. Do you worry for a long time after the embarrassment that happened?
• 80. Have you ever insisted on having your way?
• 81. Do you often arrive at the station at the last minute before the train leaves?
• 82. Have you ever intentionally said something unpleasant or offensive to a person?
• 83. Did your nerves bother you?
• 84. Do you find it unpleasant to be among people who make fun of your comrades?
• 85. Do you easily lose friends through your own fault?
• 86. Do you often feel lonely?
• 87. Do your words always match your deeds?
• 88. Do you sometimes like to tease animals?
• 89. Are you easily offended by comments that concern you personally and your work?
• 90. Would life without any danger seem too boring to you?
• 91. Have you ever been late for a date or work?
• 92. Do you like the hustle and bustle around you?
• 93. Do you want people to be afraid of you?
• 94. Is it true that sometimes you are full of energy and everything burns in your hands, and sometimes you are completely lethargic?
• 95. Do you sometimes put off until tomorrow what you have to do today?
• 96. Are you considered a lively and cheerful person?
• 97. Are you often told lies?
• 98. Are you very sensitive to certain phenomena, events, things?
• 99. Are you always ready to admit your mistakes?
• 100. Have you ever felt sorry for an animal that got into a trap?
• 101. Was it difficult for you to fill out the questionnaire?

When processing the questionnaire, the number of answers that matched the "key" answers of the subject is counted.

Data processing

The results of the answers are compared with the "key". For the answer corresponding to the key, 1 point is assigned, for the non-corresponding key - 0 points. The points received are summed up.

1. Scale of psychotism:

answers "no" (-): No. 2, 6, 9.11, 19, 39, 43, 59,63,67,78,100;

answers “yes” (+): No. 14, 23.27, 31, 35, 47, 51, 53.

2. Scale of extraversion - introversion:

answers "no" (-): No. 22, 30, 46, 84;

answers “yes” (+): No. 1,3,10, 15,18, 26, 34, 38, 42, 50.

3. Scale of neuroticism:

yes answers (+): No. 3, 7, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 56, 60, 64, 68, 72, 75, 79, 83, 86 , 89.94, 98.

4. Scale of sincerity:

answers “no” (-): No. 4, 8, 17, 25, 29, 41, 4 $ 49, 65, 69, 76, 80, 82.91.93;

answers "yes" (+): No. 13, 21, 33, 37, 61, 73, 87, 99.

Interpretation of results

The technique contains 4 scales: extraversion - introversion, neuroticism, psychotism and a specific scale designed to assess the sincerity of the subject, his attitude to the examination.

Eysenck considered the structure of personality as consisting of three factors.

1. Extraversion - introversion. Describing a typical extrovert, the author notes his sociability and outward orientation of the individual, a wide circle of acquaintances, the need for contacts. He acts on the spur of the moment, impulsive, quick-tempered, carefree, optimistic, good-natured, cheerful. Prefers movement and action, tends to be aggressive. Feelings and emotions do not have strict control, prone to risky behavior. You can't always rely on him.

The typical introvert is quiet, shy, introspective and introspective. Restrained and distant from everyone except close friends. Plans and considers his actions in advance, distrusts sudden urges, takes decisions seriously, likes everything in order. Controls his feelings, he is not easily pissed off. Possesses pessimism, highly appreciates moral norms.

• 2. Neuroticism. Characterizes emotional stability or instability (emotional stability or instability). Neuroticism, according to some data, is associated with indicators of lability nervous system. Emotional stability is a trait that expresses the preservation of organized behavior, situational focus in ordinary and stressful situations. It is characterized by maturity, excellent adaptation, lack of great tension, anxiety, as well as a tendency to leadership, sociability. Neuroticism is expressed in extreme nervousness, instability, poor adaptation, a tendency to quickly change moods (lability), feelings of guilt and anxiety, anxiety, depressive reactions, absent-mindedness, instability in stressful situations. Neuroticism corresponds to emotionality, impulsivity; unevenness in contacts with people, variability of interests, self-doubt, pronounced sensitivity, impressionability, a tendency to irritability. The neurotic personality is characterized by inadequately strong reactions to the stimuli that cause them. Individuals with high scores on the neuroticism scale in adverse stressful situations may develop neurosis.
• 3. Psychoticism. This scale indicates a tendency to antisocial behavior, pretentiousness, inadequacy of emotional reactions, high conflict, non-contact, self-centeredness, selfishness, indifference. According to Eysenck, high scores on extraversion and neuroticism correspond to a psychiatric diagnosis of hysteria, and high scores on introversion and neuroticism correspond to anxiety or reactive depression. Neuroticism and psychotism in the case of the severity of these indicators are understood as a "predisposition" to the corresponding types of pathology.

High scores on the extraversion-introversion scale correspond to the extraverted type, low scores to the introverted type.

Average indicators on the scale of extra-, introversion: 7-15 points.

Average scores on the neuroticism scale: 8-16.

Average values ​​on the scale of psychotism: 5--12.

If on the scale of sincerity the number of points exceeds 10, then the results of the survey are considered unreliable and the subject should answer the questions more frankly. Drawing on data from higher physiology nervous activity, Eysenck hypothesizes that the strong and weak types, according to Pavlov, are very close to the extraverted and introverted personality types. The nature of intro- and extraversion is seen in the innate properties of the central nervous system, which ensure the balance of the processes of excitation and inhibition. Thus, using survey data on the scales of extra-, introversion and neuroticism, it is possible to derive personality temperament indicators according to Pavlov’s classification, who described four classical types: sanguine (according to the main properties of the central nervous system, it is characterized as strong, balanced, mobile), choleric (strong , unbalanced, mobile), phlegmatic (strong, balanced, inert), melancholic (weak, unbalanced, inert). On the graph (Fig. 2) you can see how the types of temperament correlate with the scales of the questionnaire. There is also a brief description of each type of temperament. As a rule, one should talk about the predominance of certain traits of temperament, since they are rare in life in their pure form.

Rice. 2

A "pure" sanguine person quickly adapts to new conditions, quickly converges with people, is sociable. Feelings easily arise and change, emotional experiences, as a rule, are shallow. Facial expressions are rich, mobile, expressive. Somewhat restless, in need of new impressions, insufficiently regulates his impulses, does not know how to strictly adhere to the developed routine of life, the system at work. In this regard, he cannot successfully carry out a task that requires an equal expenditure of effort, prolonged and methodical effort, perseverance, stability of attention, and patience. In the absence of serious goals, deep thoughts, creative activity superficiality and inconstancy are produced.

Choleric is characterized by increased excitability, actions are intermittent. He is characterized by sharpness and swiftness of movements, strength, impulsiveness, vivid expression of emotional experiences. Due to imbalance, carried away by business, he is inclined to act with all his might, to be exhausted more than he should. Having public interests, temperament manifests in initiative, energy, adherence to principles. In the absence of spiritual life, the choleric temperament often manifests itself in irritability, affectivity, intemperance, irascibility, inability to self-control under emotional circumstances.

The phlegmatic is characterized relatively low level activity of behavior, new forms of which are developed slowly, but are persistent. It has slowness and calmness in actions, facial expressions and speech, evenness, constancy, depth of feelings and moods. Persistent and stubborn "worker of life", he rarely loses his temper, is not prone to affects, having calculated his strength, brings the matter to the end, is even in relationships, moderately sociable, does not like to talk in vain Saves strength, does not waste them. Depending on the conditions, in some cases, a phlegmatic person can be characterized by "positive" features - endurance, depth of thought, constancy, thoroughness, etc., in others - lethargy, indifference to the environment, laziness and lack of will, poverty and weakness of emotions, a tendency to doing just the usual things.

Melancholic. His reaction often does not correspond to the strength of the stimulus, there is a depth and stability of feelings with their weak expression. It is difficult for him to concentrate on something for a long time. Strong influences often cause a prolonged inhibitory reaction in a melancholic (hands down). He is characterized by restraint and muffled motor skills and speech, shyness, timidity, indecision. AT normal conditions melancholic - a person deep, meaningful, can be a good worker, successfully cope with life's tasks. At adverse conditions can turn into a closed, timid, anxious, vulnerable person, prone to difficult inner experiences of such life circumstances who don't deserve it at all.

For convenience in working with the questionnaire, you can use the answer sheet for the subjects (Table 1) and the key for calculating the results (Table 2).

Table 1 Answer sheet

number of questions

Table 2 Key

number of questions

P - psychotism; E - extra, introversion;

H - neuroticism; L - "lie scale".

Methods for determining and characterizing temperaments.

Each person is an individual and is not like anyone else. But still there are people who differ in similar character traits. This is due to temperament and psychotype. It is the psychotype that allows us to communicate well with friends and not find a common language with people who are not attractive to us.

Temperament - a stable combination of individual psychophysiological characteristics of a person associated with dynamic, rather than meaningful aspects of activity. Temperament has nothing to do with social development and features of personality education, but it largely affects the formation of the individual.

Simply put, it is the speed of mental processes that take place in the nervous system. It is impossible to influence temperament, but it is possible to achieve its correction in order to eliminate negative qualities.

There are four main types of temperament. In life, it is difficult to single out a pure psychotype, since mixed options most often prevail.

Temperament types:

• Phlegmatic person. Among your acquaintances, there are definitely individuals who are difficult to outrage with something. They are very calm and patient. Sometimes there is a slowness. But meticulousness and scrupulousness allows you to carefully treat the work. Usually they are assigned difficult tasks that require patience. Sometimes such people are referred to as "Armor Man".
• Choleric. This psychotype is completely different from the phlegmatic. It is characterized by increased nervous excitability. Cholerics are usually nervous over trifles, quickly waste their energy and cannot finish what they started. The mood changes very quickly. They tend to invent a lot and twist reality.
• Sanguine. This psychotype is similar to a choleric person, but his mental reactions are more stable. Such people in communication are very lively, active. It is difficult not to notice such a person, since the facial expressions are very expressive. They respond quickly to everything that comes. Unlike choleric people, they are more persistent and can bring the work they have started to the end.
• Melancholic. Nervous excitability is high, very emotional temperament. Such people often live in their own experiences, oblivious to reality. Quite whiny and pessimistic.

This is a fairly bright psychotype, which has both negative and positive sides.

Negative sides of choleric:

• Don't be defeated by others
• Impatient, always in a hurry, because of which they get into unpleasant situations
• Emotional and true. People are often offended by them for this.
• Hysterical. The slightest unpleasant word can cause a storm of emotions and resentment.
• Surface. Rarely delve into the essence of the problem, they are not interested in delving into something and delving into
• They quickly get to work, but just as soon they quit what they started without finishing it

Positive qualities of choleric:

• Fast and mobile. Can instantly complete assigned tasks
• Resolute. They always know how to act in a particular situation without hesitation.
• Not afraid of change. Always go on adventures
• They don't hold a grudge. They move away quickly and don't get angry

• Designer
• Geologist
• Artist
• Photographer
• Entrepreneur
• advertising agent

It is better to give preference to a free schedule than hourly work. It is better for choleric people to work for the result, and not to sit out the hours in the office.

Choleric - positive and negative qualities, suitable professions and activities

This is one of the most pleasant psychotypes. Unlike choleric people, they are emotionally stable.

Negative sides:

• Superficiality
• Haste
• Unwillingness to delve into the depth of the situation
• Frivolous
• They love to brag
• No sense of proportion

Positive sides:

• Leaders. Often they take up the organization of some kind of community and succeed in this matter.
• Stress-resistant and harmonious. They try not to react painfully even to the most unpleasant situations. It's hard to get them out of your mind.
• They rarely suffer from mental illness. Because of the stable psyche, there are no psychiatric patients among them.
• Optimistic. Even in the most difficult situations trying to find something positive.

• Administrator
• Teacher
• Human Resources Manager
• Economist
• Journalist
• Lawyer

Sanguine - positive and negative qualities, suitable professions and activities

Quite a complex psychotype with unstable reactions.

Positive sides:

• gullible
• Creative personalities
• Compassionate
• friendly
• know how to listen
• Faithful to the second half
• Good friends

Negative sides:

• prone to depression
• Pessimistic
• prone to criticism
• They do not know how to communicate with people and do not want to
• Avoid noisy companies

• System Administrator
• Programmer
• Librarian
• Editor

Melancholic - positive and negative qualities, suitable professions and activities

People with such a psychotype are the golden mean between other temperaments. They are balanced, calm and positive.

Positive sides:

• Workaholics. These are the worker bees of society, the best workers
• Stress resistant. They are very hard to get rid of
• Patient. They endure for a long time, not because it is necessary, but because everything suits them
• Purposeful. They methodically carry out their work and bring it to the end.

Negative sides:

• They don't like change. For them, moving is a natural disaster.
• Difficult to find mutual language with people. They are generally not very sociable by nature.
• Inhibited. Often they are lazy and do not strive for anything. Complete lack of initiative

• Engineer
• Veterinarian
• System Administrator
• Dispatcher
• laboratory assistant
• Jeweler

Phlegmatic - positive and negative qualities, suitable professions and activities

Pure psychotypes are very rare. Usually these are various variations of two or more temperaments.

Mixed temperaments:

• Phlegmatic / sanguine. Active, but not in a hurry, many friends, like to be in the company, but do not attract much attention. Stress resistant and workable. They can speak beautifully, but also be silent when necessary.
• Melancholic/phlegmatic. Restrained, scrupulous and pessimistic. Often they are depressed, but they quickly get out of it. They like to do one thing and bring it to the end.
• Sanguine / choleric / phlegmatic. Balanced and very active psychotype. They always draw attention to themselves and achieve success in business. They get along well with people, but dominate if necessary.
• Choleric / sanguine. Strong, caring, able to communicate with people. These are always leaders and dominating individuals. Active and purposeful.
• Choleric / sanguine / melancholic. Active and purposeful, but at the same time ready to make concessions. They perform well in front of an audience and can lead.
• Phlegmatic / choleric. They finish what they started. They love stability and always stand their ground. They try to dominate, though they do not always succeed.
• Sanguine / melancholic. Persuasive, critical and persistent. They are trying to turn the situation in their favor. Faithful friends, picky, do not like to speak in public.
• Melancholic / sanguine / phlegmatic. They do everything according to the rules, not aggressive, caring and secretive. Kind to people and sensual. Good friends and helpers.
• Melancholic / phlegmatic / choleric. Stable, careful and persistent. Caring and positive. Too critical and demanding.

There is a certain method for determining the psychotype. At the same time, you should not expect that you will receive 100% belonging to some certain type. Usually this is the percentage of different psychotypes in one person.

To determine the types of temperament, the psychological technique of the English psychologist G. Eysenck is used, who developed a two-factor model, the main characteristics of which are extraversion and neuroticism.

VIDEO: Psychotype determination, G. Eysenck's test

Determining the type of temperament will reveal weak and strengths and correct your behavior.

VIDEO: 11 tests for each

What makes us so different from each other? Why are we different?

The behavior and fate of a person is influenced by his upbringing, development, tastes, and also such an important parameter as temperament.

What is temperament, how and why to define it? These are special innate qualities, which do not change throughout life and create a general behavioral background of a person.

Temperament does not affect tastes, preferences, life goals. Rather, it determines reactions to any external or internal events, as well as the type of behavior.

For example, a person is standing near the road in rainy weather, and a passing car pours water on him. One will begin to swear with the most nasty words, cursing the driver. The other will be upset, but will not show it - rather, he will hold a grudge deep inside.

The third will not pay attention to the incident at all, and the fourth will only laugh at this curiosity. It is precisely this behavior that directly depends on the type of temperament.

Determining the type of temperament is very important, because it will allow you to better understand yourself, make meaningful decisions in life situations to be mindful of your life.

The test will not let you make a mistake!

Before defining your own type, it is worth understanding what they are and what are their features. There are only four of them: melancholic, choleric, phlegmatic and sanguine.

melancholic

This is a deeply vulnerable person, inclined to experience problems inside, destroying himself. Such a problem as “they don’t like me”, “they don’t understand me” is about him.

The melancholic is an absolute introvert, it is difficult for him to be in the spotlight, he often changes his mood and is prone to depression. Main qualities:

• Closure.
• Vulnerability.
• Discretion.
• Distrust.
• Pessimism.

This does not mean that the melancholic is a gloomy snob, but he is more prone to quiet, depressive states than others, cannot bring aggression out, and keeps everything in himself.

Phlegmatic person

It is well known that a person is phlegmatic - rather peaceful, friendly and positive, but he never shows bright emotions.

He is a reliable and calm person. Its qualities:

• Discretion.
• Hardness.
• Calm.
• Attentiveness.
• Inertia.
• Kindness.

This is good qualities, which, perhaps, just lacks a little emotionality. Such a person will never exclaim: “I love you!” - rather, he will show it by deed or whisper in his ear.

Choleric

This is an aggressor and at the same time a big entertainer. Choleric is an active, nervous person, he cannot sit in one place.

It depends on upbringing and fate whether he becomes a screen star or serial killer, but he will never remain in the shadows. Such a person as a choleric has the following qualities:

• Impermanence.
• Nervousness.
• Activity.
• Emotionality.
• Impulsiveness.

sanguine

This is a “zhivchik”, nature is positive and cheerful. Luck smiles at him, others love him, and troubles bypass him.

And he solves problems easily and playfully. Most bright signs sanguine:

• Cheerful disposition.
• Carelessness.
• Sociability.
• Optimism.
• Kindness.

Test: determine your type

A simple and quick temperament test will allow you to determine your type online. To do this, select only one answer in each proposed question, and write the chosen letter under the corresponding question number.

As a result, this or that letter will be repeated more often. According to it, you will determine your predominant type of temperament.

So, let's start the test, what type of temperament do you have.

1. Your strengths:

A) rationality.

B) balance.

B) activity.

D) positivity.

2. Your shortcomings:

A) indecisiveness.

B) passivity.

B) inconsistency.

D) frivolity.

3. What mood are you in most often?

A) Pessimistic.

B) calm.

C) restless, changeable.

D) good.

4. How sociable are you?

A) uncommunicative.

B) uncommunicative.

C) moderately sociable.

D) Very sociable.

Find out the results:

BUT - . Your dominant temperament type indicates that it is difficult for you to enjoy life and solve problems. You often "hang out" in adverse situations and can survive them for years.

You are advised to choose a field of activity where there is a minimum of negative and a maximum of good - to work with animals or flowers, and not in the police, for example. You are shown creativity and any creative activity.

G - . You are lucky: sanguine people are considered the happiest. Direct your potential in a good and right direction: help people, give them positive and belief that life is beautiful.

Whatever you do in life, you can make the world around you brighter and brighter. And how not to use such talent!

Please note that there are practically no “pure” temperaments. Watch yourself, try to understand what type of temperament prevails in you and how to live in perfect harmony with yourself.

If you are interested in learning more

There are much longer and more complex tests that will also help determine the type of temperament of any person. One of the most popular is a test for determining temperament, a psychiatric scientist who first created a classification of types.

This test consists of many questions and contributes quite exact definition type of human temperament. You can take the Eysenck psychological test online completely free of charge, for this you just need to find it on the Web, it is in the public domain.

However, the Eysenck online test gives a one-sided answer, that is, it determines one, the main type of temperament. As a rule, one person predominates psychological type, and some second approaches in percentage terms to it.

The temperament test, or online Eysenck test, allows you to determine the type of temperament, but does not explain in detail what this classification is based on. But it is better to know the main theoretical provisions before determining the type - this will allow you to better understand your own psychology.

This means that it is correct to act in various life situations, choose the appropriate field of activity and social circle, live in a natural, natural rhythm that will correspond to the type of temperament.
Author: Vasilina Serova

Tests::: Who are you - phlegmatic or melancholic?

In addition to the previous two types of temperament, there are two more - phlegmatic and melancholic. If sanguine and choleric people are different high level energy, active and mobile, their emotional condition it is easy to guess by the face, then the situation is different with phlegmatic and melancholic people. Their main similarity is weak outward manifestation feelings. For example, you are talking with a person, he is absolutely calm, though not particularly talkative, and after some time you will find out that it was on this day that he got married, and to his beloved woman. But there is still a difference between a melancholic and a phlegmatic. The melancholic is very impressionable, he can suffer for two weeks because the neighbor forgot to say hello to him. And the phlegmatic, on the contrary, is very calm, it is almost impossible to knock him out of his usual rut. At the same time, phlegmatic people are slow: it takes them fifteen minutes to tie their shoelaces. If you "didn't find yourself" in the previous two tests, try this one.

1. You spent the whole weekend cleaning, went to take out the garbage, and when you returned, you found that your child had brought home a street puppy and after their five minute game, you would have to start all over again. You:
lie down on the sofa and wait - maybe at least once in your life you will be lucky and it is in the next half hour that the end of the world will begin. After it, they say, there will be no time for cleaning.
shrug your shoulders, send them to play outside and start all over again.

2. An acquaintance with whom you have never had a particularly warm relationship offers you a basket of mushrooms that he has collected with his own hands. Will you take them:
no, suddenly he wants to poison.
yes, but just in case, carefully sort them out, what if he doesn’t understand them very well?

3. Imagine that you won a lot a large sum to the lottery. You:
you assume that people will become jealous of you, and therefore you begin to get nervous and avoid friends.
buy the essentials in such a way that there is something left for a rainy day.

4. Let's say your spouse (wife) in the service is not appointed to the position that you hoped for. You:
think it's better than being fired and start saving on household expenses.
you worry as if something irreparable had happened - what could be worse than injustice towards the dearest person.

5. You get sick, the doctor wrote you a prescription for medicines. You:
find out from the doctor which of the medicines is the most necessary, buy it for sure and will take it strictly in accordance with the instructions.
buy everything that the doctor prescribed, at the same time find out in the pharmacy if there is anything else for your illness and replenish your home first-aid kit with stocks of this remedy - what if it is it that will save you in the future?

6. Do you feel the desire to drop everything and run away somewhere?
such thoughts come to mind very rarely, besides, all things are planned for the year ahead and you don’t want to break this order at all, since you are used to doing everything on time.
yes, this happens quite often, but you think that not only the statement is true that it is good where we are not, but also bad where we are. So thinking about running away is pretty pointless.

7. You have been assigned a very difficult and responsible job. Your knowledge and skills are enough, but you will have to make every effort. Before you even completed a quarter of the task, you encountered a difficulty that seems insurmountable to you. You:
ask for an extension of the deadline. If you try to do everything even more carefully and accurately, everything will definitely work out.
put your hands down immediately. If they want, let them fire you, but you can't do it.

8. You are already late for work, stuck in traffic, although you are in the middle of the road.
will rush with all your might, fighting for every minute, try to change kind of transport, if only the delay was less significant.
this happens quite rarely. Usually you calculate your route taking into account all the possible troubles that can happen along the way. But since you are already late, then take it philosophically - wait until the movement improves.

9. You were spending the evening at home in the company of your own person, when the lights suddenly went out. After twenty or thirty minutes spent in complete darkness, silence and solitude, you:
yawn and go to bed - it seems that you won’t be able to do the things planned for the evening, so let at least time not be wasted.
you will go crazy with fear and anxiety - from childhood you are afraid of the dark. In addition, the disruption of plans completely unsettles.

10. Do you check several times to see if the Entrance door before you go to bed:
no, because you are firmly convinced that you closed it, never forget to do it.
yes, it's just some kind of misfortune - it immediately flies out of your head, whether you did it or not.

How often when communicating with people we have to marvel at the difference between us. Perception, speed of decision-making or even just the speed of movements are completely different. Sometimes such a difference is touching, sometimes annoying, and now we are saying in our hearts that we are completely different in temperament. But what does it all mean and is it possible to change your temperament to the ideal? We propose to deal with the types of human temperaments and determine their pros and cons, and also, if you wish, take a test and find out what temperament you have.

Temperament - what is it?

What is temperament? Temperament is called the innate characteristics of a person, which determine the dynamics of the course of his mental processes. It is temperament that determines the reaction of a person to external circumstances. It largely forms the character of a person, his individuality and is a kind of link between the body and cognitive processes. Allocate four simple type temperament: sanguine, choleric, melancholic and phlegmatic.

The term "temperament" itself was introduced by the ancient physician Claudius Galen and comes from the Latin word "temperans", which means moderate. The very word temperament can be translated as "the proper ratio of parts." Hippocrates believed that the type of temperament is determined by the predominance of one of the fluids in the body. If blood predominates in the body, then the person will be mobile, that is, have a sanguine temperament, yellow bile will make a person impulsive and hot - choleric, black bile - sad and timid, that is, melancholic, and the predominance of lymph will give a person calmness and slowness, make phlegmatic. It should only be noted that temperaments in their pure form are very rare, usually in each person they are present in various proportions. It is also not necessary to equate character and temperament. The latter only characterizes the type of the nervous system, its properties, is associated with the structure of the body and even metabolism. But it is in no way connected with the views of the individual, beliefs, tastes and does not determine the possibilities of the individual.

Brief characteristics of temperaments

People of this type easily adapt to a new environment, respond vividly to what attracts their attention. They control their emotions well and willingly take on new things. Representatives of this type of temperament are prone to frequent shift mood, but characteristic of them is a state of cheerfulness.

Is it possible to determine that a particular person is sanguine? Yes, there are features inherent only to them, according to them you can always distinguish sanguine people from the society around you. As a rule, people with this type of temperament have a smooth and confident gait, movements are light and fast. Sanguine is easy to distinguish by good posture and expressive gestures. Facial expressions and gestures are rich and natural, and speech is loud and clear.

In the cons of the sanguine temperament, one can write down the fact that people of this type are quickly distracted from business or emotions if external stimuli long time do not change. As soon as the novelty of sensations is dulled, sanguine people become lethargic and indifferent.

If your colleague or subordinate is sanguine, then remember that his decisions are often rash. His activity is most effective when he is busy with new interesting projects keeping him in suspense. Do not forget that the duality of this temperament requires control over the progress of work.

Cholerics are easily excitable and unbalanced, it is difficult to switch their attention. They are very mobile, up to excessiveness, their feelings are strong and manifest themselves vividly. They take on new cases with great ardor, give themselves completely to them, but at the same time, an inadequate assessment of their strengths leads to a sharp decline in activity. The disadvantages of this type of temperament lie precisely in the imbalance, due to which there are outbreaks of harshness, irritability, exhaustion.

Cholerics also have characteristic features: people of this type have hasty, often confused speech, bright and expressive facial expressions. It is difficult for choleric people to sit in one place, they often jump up or change positions, gesticulate a lot and sharply. There is something defiant about their uneven gait.

They are passive, unstable, easily vulnerable and react little to external influences. Most often, melancholics are immersed in themselves, they prefer a calm, familiar environment. The undoubted advantages of this type of temperament are the depth and constancy of their feelings.

People of this type of temperament have a restrained, albeit quick, gait. They are immersed in their thoughts, so they can think and slow down. Their gestures are sparing, but sharp due to the awkwardness they experience in society. strangers. Speech is slow, often halting, its speed is uneven.

Please note that if you manage to arrange for your melancholic employee a calm workplace, then its performance will amaze you. With support and a measured rhythm of work, they are able to work miracles, but they will painfully experience any difficult psychological situation. Subtly feeling melancholics are very receptive and observant, which makes them indispensable in working with staff.

Such people are persistent and stubborn, walk smoothly and calmly along life path. These are reliable people who are difficult to piss off. They are stingy with emotions, detailed to the point of tediousness and reliable like no other. The disadvantages can be called the fact that phlegmatic people react very poorly to external stimuli, slowly rebuild, converge with people, and are unresourceful.

Phlegmatic people move heavily and thoroughly, their gait is often lazy, unhurried. Sitting, they can maintain the same posture for a long time. Gesticulation and facial expressions are sparing, it is impossible to read something on their face. Speech leisurely, they are taciturn, do not like idle chatter.

In difficult situations, your most reliable employee will be a phlegmatic person. A person of this type will not argue, in any discussion he will limit himself to summing up, and he will skillfully take into account the opinion of each side. These are reliable and executive workers who do not need to be controlled. But in no case should you entrust a person of this type of temperament with work that requires initiative.

How to determine your temperament?

As mentioned above, pure temperaments are very rare. There are not only mixed types temperaments, but also intermediate, transitional. To determine the type of temperament, many methods and tests have been developed.

Below is a test that will allow you to determine the percentage of each type of temperament in your temperament structure and highlight your main type.

Put a plus if you agree with the statement and a minus if you don't. So,

1. You are restless.
2. Short-tempered and impulsive.
3. Most often impatient.
4. Initiative and decisive.
5. Stubborn, even stubborn.
6. Quickly navigate in disputes, resourceful.
7. The rhythm of your activity is uneven, spasmodic.
8. Love to take risks.
9. You forgive easily.
10. Your speech is fast and fiery.
11. You often suffer from your imbalance.
12. Don't tolerate shortcomings.
13. Everything new attracts you.
14. Your mood changes frequently.
15. You are a cheerful and cheerful person.
16. Energy is in full swing, you are always collected.
17. You often quit what you started halfway through.
18. You do not always adequately assess your strengths.
19. Your interests and hobbies change frequently.
20. You get used to the changed plans and new circumstances easily.
21. It is not difficult for you to be distracted from your affairs, you quickly deal with someone else's problem.
22. Careful attention to detail and painstaking work is not for you.
23. You are responsive, love communication.
24. Your speech is clear and loud.
25. You do not panic even in difficult situations, you have excellent self-control.
26. Fall asleep easily and wake up quickly.
27. It is difficult for you to concentrate, to make an informed decision.
28. You are distracted, inattentive.
29. You are a reserved and cold-blooded person.
30. You are consistent in your words and deeds.
31. You are careful and thoughtful.
32. Patient, you know how to wait.
33. Taciturn, do not like empty chatter.
34. Your speech is measured, calm.
35. You correctly distribute your forces, you never give all the best.
36. You have a clear daily routine, you plan your work affairs.
37. Calmly perceive criticism, indifferent to censure.
38. It is difficult for you to immediately switch to another activity.
39. You have good relationships with other people.
40. Accurate, pedantic in trifles.
41. It is difficult for you to adapt to a new environment and changed plans.
42. You do not like to move a lot, you are slow.
43. You are a shy person.
44. The new environment makes you confused.
45. You are insecure. in their power.
46. Loneliness does not weigh you down.
47. Failures and troubles unsettle you for a long time.
48. In difficult life periods, you close in on yourself.
49. You are not very hardy, you get tired quickly.
50. Your speech is quiet, sometimes slurred.
51. You automatically adopt the character traits of the interlocutor and his manner of speaking.
52. Sentimental and impressionable.
53. You are a perfectionist, you have high demands on yourself and the world around you.
54. You are characterized by some suspiciousness and suspicion.
55. You are easily offended.
56. You are pleased when others empathize with you.

Now let's take a look at the test results. There are 4 groups of questions in the test, 14 statements in each group. The first 14 (from the first to the fourteenth statement) describe the choleric temperament. The second group, from the 15th to the 28th statement, describes a sanguine person. The third group, from 29 to 42 - phlegmatic type of temperament. And the last group, from 43 to 56, the statement describes the melancholic temperament.

If in any of the groups you received more than 10 pluses, then this type of temperament is dominant for you. If the number of pluses is 5-9, then these traits are expressed in you to a large extent. And if there are less than 4 positive answers, then the features of this type of temperament are poorly expressed.

As you have seen, there is no unambiguous ideal among the types of temperaments. And you can’t change it, because. this is not a character trait, but just a feature of the body's reactions. But, having learned more about each of the types of temperament, having determined what type of temperament you have, it will be easier for you to build your relationships with people. It remains to be hoped that now colleagues and relatives will become clearer to you.