South asia on the world map. Holidays in Asia

1. General characteristics, a brief history of foreign Asia

Overseas Asia- the largest in terms of population (more than 4 billion people) and the second (after Africa) in terms of area region of the world, and it retains this primacy, in essence, throughout the entire existence of human civilization. The area of ​​foreign Asia is 27 million square meters. km, it includes more than 40 sovereign states. Many of them are among the oldest in the world. Foreign Asia is one of the origins of mankind, the birthplace of agriculture, artificial irrigation, cities, many cultural values ​​and scientific achievements. The region mainly consists of developing countries.

2. Diversity of foreign Asian countries by area

The region includes countries of different sizes: two of them are giant countries (China, India), there are very large ones (Mongolia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Indonesia), the rest are mainly classified as fairly large countries. The boundaries between them pass along well-defined natural boundaries.

Peculiarities of the EGP of Asian countries:

1. Neighborhood position.
2. Maritime position.
3. Deep position of some countries.

The first two features have a beneficial effect on their economy, and the third complicates external economic relations.

3. Diversity of countries of foreign Asia by population

Major countries Asia by population (2012)
(according to CIA)

4. Diversity of countries of foreign Asia by geographical location

Asian countries by geographic location:

1. Maritime (India, Pakistan, Iran, Israel, etc.).
2. Island (Bahrain, Cyprus, Sri Lanka, etc.).
3. Archipelagos (Indonesia, Philippines, Japan, Maldives).
4. Inland (Laos, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, etc.).
5. Peninsular (Republic of Korea, Qatar, Oman, etc.).

5. Diversity of foreign Asian countries by level of development

The political structure of countries is very diverse.
Monarchies of overseas Asia (according to wikipedia.org):

• All other countries are republics.
• Developed Asian countries: Japan, Israel, Republic of Korea, Singapore.
• All other countries in the region are developing countries.
• The least developed countries in Asia: Afghanistan, Yemen, Bangladesh, Nepal, Laos, etc.
• China, Japan, India have the largest volume of GDP, per capita - Qatar, Singapore, UAE, Kuwait.

6. Forms of government and structure of the countries of foreign Asia

By the nature of the administrative-territorial structure, most Asian countries have a unitary structure. The following countries have a federal administrative-territorial structure: India, Malaysia, Pakistan, UAE, Nepal, Iraq.

7. Regions of foreign Asia

Regions of Asia:

1. Southwestern.
2. South.
3. Southeast.
4. Eastern.
5. Central.

Natural resources of foreign Asia

1. Introduction

The provision of foreign Asia with resources is determined, first of all, by the variety of relief, location, nature and climate.

The area is extremely homogeneous in terms of tectonic structure and topography: within its boundaries, the greatest amplitude of heights on earth (more than 9000 m) is noted, both ancient Precambrian platforms and areas of young Cenozoic folding, grandiose mountainous countries and vast plains are located here. As a result, the mineral resources of foreign Asia are very diverse.

2. Mineral resources of foreign Asia

The main pools of coal, iron and manganese ores, and non-metallic minerals are concentrated within the Chinese and Hindustan platforms. Within the Alpine-Himalayan and Pacific fold belts, ores predominate, including a copper belt along the Pacific coast. But the main wealth of the region, which also determines its role in the international geographical division of labor, is oil and gas. Oil and gas reserves have been explored in most countries of Southwest Asia (Mesopotamian trough earth's crust). The main deposits are located in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates. In addition, large oil and gas fields have been explored in the countries of the Malay Archipelago. Indonesia and Malaysia stand out especially in terms of reserves. Countries Central Asia also rich in oil and gas (Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan).

The largest salt reserves are in the Dead Sea. On the Iranian plateau large stocks sulfur and non-ferrous metals. In general, Asia is one of the main regions of the world in terms of mineral reserves.

Countries with the largest reserves and diversity of minerals:

1. China.
2. India.
3. Indonesia.
4. Iran.
5. Kazakhstan.
6. Turkey.
7. Saudi Arabia.

3. Land, agro-climatic resources of foreign Asia

The agro-climatic resources of Asia are heterogeneous. Vast arrays mountainous countries, deserts and semi-deserts are not very suitable for economic activity, with the exception of animal husbandry; the provision of arable land is low and continues to decline (as the population grows and soil erosion increases). But on the plains of the east and south, quite favorable conditions for agriculture are created. Asia contains 70% of the world's irrigated land.

4. Water resources (moisture resources), agroclimatic resources

largest reserves water resources countries of East and Southeast Asia, as well as some regions of South Asia. At the same time, in the countries Persian Gulf water resources are sorely lacking.

In terms of general indicators, China, India, and Indonesia are provided with soil resources to the greatest extent.
The largest reserves of forest resources: Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, China, India.

Population of Foreign Asia

The population of Asia exceeds 4 billion people. Many countries in the region are at the stage of "population explosion".

2. Birth and death rates (population reproduction)

All countries in the region, with the exception of Japan and some countries in transition, are traditional type population reproduction. However, many of them are in a state of population explosion. Some countries are fighting this phenomenon by pursuing a population policy (India, China), but most countries do not pursue such a policy, fast growth population and its rejuvenation continues. At the current rate of population growth, the countries of foreign Asia are experiencing food, social and other difficulties. Among sub-regions of Asia East Asia further than others moved away from the peak of the population explosion. Currently, the highest population growth rates are typical for the countries of Southwest Asia. For example, in Yemen, on average, there are almost 5 children per woman.

3. National composition

The ethnic composition of the Asian population is also extremely complex: more than 1,000 peoples live here - from small ethnic groups numbering several hundred people to the largest peoples in the world.

The largest peoples of foreign Asia in terms of population (more than 100 million people):

1. Chinese.
2. Hindustanis.
3. Bengalis.
4. Japanese.

The peoples of foreign Asia belong to about 15 language families. There is no such linguistic diversity in any other large region of the planet.
The largest language families foreign Asia by population:

1. Sino-Tibetan.
2. Indo-European.
3. Austronesian.
4. Dravidian.
5. Austroasiatic.

The most complex countries in ethnolinguistic terms: India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia. India and Indonesia are considered the most multinational countries peace. In East and Southwest Asia, with the exception of Iran and Afghanistan, a more homogeneous National composition. The complex composition of the population in many parts of the region leads to acute ethnic conflicts.

4. Religious composition

• Foreign Asia is the birthplace of all major religions, all three world religions were born here: Christianity, Buddhism, Islam.
• Christianity: Philippines, Georgia, Armenia, a significant proportion of Christians in Kazakhstan, Japan, Lebanon.
• Buddhism: Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Bhutan, Mongolia.
• Islam: Southwest Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Bangladesh.
• Among other national religions it is necessary to note Confucianism (China), Taoism, Shintoism. In many countries, interethnic contradictions are based precisely on religious grounds.

Presentation for the lesson:

!? Exercise.

1. Russian border.
2. Sub-regions of Foreign Asia.
3. Republics and monarchies.

Detailed map of Asia in Russian. Examine the map of Asia from a satellite. Zoom in and see the streets, houses and sights on the map of Asia.

Asia- the most most of light on the planet. It stretches from the Mediterranean coast of the Middle East to the far shores of the Pacific Ocean, including China, Korea, Japan, India. Humid hot regions in southern Asia are separated from the cooler ones by a giant mountain range - the Himalayas.

Together with Europe, Asia forms a continent Eurasia. The dividing border between Asia and Europe runs through the Ural Mountains. Asia is washed by the waters of the rhinestone of three oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Indian. Also, many regions of Asia have access to the seas of the Atlantic Ocean. 54 states are located on the territory of this part of the world.

The highest mountain peak on Earth is Chomolungma (Everest). Its height above sea level is 8848 meters. This peak is part of the Himalayas - a mountain range that separates Nepal and China.

Asia is a very long part of the world, so the climate in Asian countries is different and differs depending on the landscape and topography. In Asia, there are states with both subarctic and equatorial climatic zones. In the south of Asia, powerful winds - monsoons - blow from the sea. Air masses saturated with moisture bring heavy rains with them.

Located in Central Asia gobi desert which is called cold. Its lifeless, windswept expanses are covered with rubble and sand. tropical forests Sumatra is inhabited by orangutans - the only large apes living in Asia. This species is now under threat of extinction.

Asia- it is also the most densely populated part of the world, because more than 60% of the world's inhabitants live there. The largest population in three Asian countries - India, Japan and China. However, there are also regions that are completely deserted.

Asia- this is the cradle of civilization of the entire planet, since Asia is home to the most ethnic groups and peoples. Each of the Asian countries is distinctive in its own way, having its own traditions. Most of them live along the banks of rivers and oceans and are engaged in fishing and agriculture. Today, many peasants are moving from the countryside to the cities, which are growing rapidly.

About 2/3 of the world's rice is grown in just two countries - China and India. Rice fields where young shoots are planted are covered with water.

The Ganges River in India is the busiest trading place with numerous "floating markets". Hindus consider this river sacred and make mass pilgrimages to its banks.

The streets of Chinese cities are filled with cyclists. Bicycle is the most popular mode of transport in China. Almost all tea in the world is grown in Asia. Tea plantations are processed by hand, only young leaves are plucked, which are dried. Asia is the birthplace of such religions as Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam. There is a giant Buddha statue in Thailand.

Political detailed map Asia with cities

Map of Asia [+3 maps] - Asia - Maps

Asia- is the largest part of the world, which is located on the same mainland Eurasia with part of the world Europe and covers an area of ​​\u200b\u200babout 43.4 million km² (30% of the total dry land the globe). The allocation of this part of the world is associated with the presence of historical and geographical barriers (which are always disputed) between these parts of the world. Asia has a great length from north to south from Cape Chelyuskin on the Taimyr Peninsula to Cape Piai on the Malay Peninsula.

Asian population: 4.3 billion people
Population density: 96 people/km²

Territory of Asia: 44,579,000 km²

The eastern border of Asia (and Eurasia) is Cape Dezhnev with America, the western border is located on the peninsula of Asia Minor - the Bosphorus and Dardanelles, only in the west Asia has land borders with Europe (the Urals and the Caucasus) and on the Isthmus of Suez with Africa. The main part of its territory goes directly to the seas and oceans.

Leaders in the number of tourists:

1 China 57.58 million
2 Malaysia Malaysia 24.71 million
3 Hong Kong 22.32 million
4 Thailand 19.10 million
5 Macau 12.93 million
6 Singapore 10.39 million
7 South Korea 9.80 million
8 Indonesia 7.65 million
9 India 6.29 million
10 Japan 6.22 million

1 Saudi Arabia 17.34 million
2 Egypt 9.50 million
3 UAE 8.13 million

Asia- the only part of the world that is washed by the waters of all four oceans. In some places, the seas cut deeply into the Asian uplands. However, the influence of the oceans on its nature is limited. This is explained by the huge size of Asia, due to which significant areas of this part of the world are very remote from the oceans. The most remote interior regions of Asia are several thousand kilometers from the oceans, while in Western Europe this distance is only 600 km.

Asia has the most big earth average height - 950 m (for comparison: Europe - 340 m), highest point of the whole Earth, the famous Chomolungma (8848m). 2. The deepest oceanic trench, the Mariana Trench, is located in Asia. pacific ocean(11022 m). In Asia, the deepest lake in the world - Baikal In Asia - the most deep depression Dead Sea(-395 m)

The coasts of Asia are very indented. Two stand out to the north large peninsulas- Taimyr and Chukchi, in the east, huge seas separated by the peninsulas of Kamchatka and Korea, as well as chains of islands. In the south there are three large peninsulas - Arabian, Hindustan, Indochina. They are separated wide open to Indian Ocean The Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal and, conversely, the almost closed reservoirs of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The huge archipelago of the Sunda Islands adjoins Asia to the southeast.

Asia accounts for more than 40% of the world's potential hydropower resources, of which China - 540 million kW, India - 75 million kW. 2. The degree of use of river energy is very different: in Japan - by 70%, in India - by 14%, in Myanmar - by 1%. 3. The population density in the Yangtze Valley, the largest of Asian rivers, reaches 500-600 people. For 1 sq. km, in the Ganges delta - 400 people.

Most Asian countries have direct access to one of the oceans, with a long and fairly indented coastline. The countries of Central Asia, as well as Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Mongolia, Laos, have no access to the sea. Asia is a crossroads of important maritime communications. Most of the seas, bays and straits are living sea lanes.

Asia is rich in a variety of natural resources, but they are very unevenly distributed. With mineral resources highest value have reserves of fuel minerals. The largest oil and gas province is located in the Persian Gulf and a number of adjacent territories, including the territories of Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar. Great importance have deposits of coal, the largest deposits of which are concentrated in the territory of two Asian giants - China and India. The countries of South, Southeast and East Asia are more endowed with ore minerals.

Great resources fresh water, but their distribution is also uneven. The problem for most regions is the availability land resources. forest resources provided better than other regions Southeast Asia, where huge arrays are located rainforest. Among the trees you can find such valuable species as iron, sandalwood, black, red, camphor.
Many countries have significant recreational resources.
In Asia, the number of inhabitants is constantly growing. This is due to the high natural increase, which in most countries exceeds 15 people per 1,000 inhabitants. Asia has colossal labor resources. In 26 countries, more than a third of people are employed in agriculture. The population density in Asia fluctuates quite widely (from 2 people/km2 in Central and Southwest Asia to 300 people/km2 in East and Southeast Asia, in Bangladesh - 900 people/km2).
Asia is the world leader in the number of millionaire cities, the largest of which are Tokyo, Osaka, Chongqing, Shanghai, Seoul, Tehran, Beijing, Istanbul, Jakarta, Mumbai (Bombay), Calcutta, Manila, Karachi, Chennai (Madras), Dhaka, Bangkok.
Asia is the birthplace of three world and many national religions. The main faiths are Islam (Southwest Asia, partly South and Southeast Asia), Buddhism (South, Southeast and East Asia), Hinduism (India), Confucianism (China), Shintoism (Japan), Christianity (Philippines and some other countries), Judaism (Israel).

Asia - the largest part of the world that is situated on one continent with Europe and covers an area of ​​about 43.4 million km² (30% of the dry land of the globe) . Asia has a slow greaterness from north to south of Cape Chelyuskin on the Taimyr Peninsula to Cape Piay that the Malay Peninsula .

Easternmost point - Cape Dezhneva , is the westernmost point in Asia Minor .

Only in the West Asia has land borders with Europe and the Suez isthmus with Africa. The greater part of its territory goes directly to the oceans .

Asia - the only part of the world, which is washed by the waters of the four oceans. Sea somewhere deep cut into the Asian dry land. However, the influence of the oceans on its nature limited . This is due to the huge size of Asia , through which considerable space to this part of the world is very distant from the ocean . Most remote inland areas of Asia are at a distance of several thousand kilometers from the ocean , while in Western Europe it is only 600 km away .

The video tutorial is dedicated to the topic " political map Foreign Asia". This topic is the first in the section of lessons on Foreign Asia. You will meet a variety of interesting countries Asia, which play a significant role in modern economy due to its financial, geopolitical influences and features of the economic and geographical position. The teacher will tell in detail about the composition, borders, and originality of the countries of Foreign Asia.

Theme: Overseas Asia

Lesson:Political map of Overseas Asia

Foreign Asia is the largest in terms of population (more than 4 billion people) and the second (after Africa) in terms of area region of the world, and it retains this primacy, in essence, throughout the entire existence of human civilization. The area of ​​foreign Asia is 27 million square meters. km, it includes more than 40 sovereign states. Many of them are among the oldest in the world. Foreign Asia is one of the origins of mankind, the birthplace of agriculture, artificial irrigation, cities, many cultural values ​​and scientific achievements. The region mainly consists of developing countries.

The region includes countries of different sizes: two of them are giant countries (China, India), there are very large ones (Mongolia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Indonesia), the rest are mainly classified as fairly large countries. The boundaries between them pass along well-defined natural boundaries.

Peculiarities of the EGP of Asian countries:

1. Neighborhood.

2. Seaside position.

3. Deep position of some countries.

The first two features have a beneficial effect on their economy, and the third complicates external economic relations.

Rice. 1. Map of foreign Asia ()

Largest countries in Asia by population (2012)
(according to CIA)

Satellite map of Asia. Explore satellite map of Asia online in real time. Detailed map of Asia based on satellite imagery high resolution. As close as possible satellite map Asia allows you to explore in detail the streets, individual houses and sights of Asia. Satellite map of Asia easily switches to regular card(scheme).

Asia – largest part Sveta. Together with Europe, it forms. The Ural Mountains serve as a border, separating the European and Asian parts of the mainland. Asia is washed by three oceans at once - the Indian, the Arctic and the Pacific. In addition, this part of the world has access to the numerous seas of the Atlantic basin.

There are 54 countries in Asia today. Most of the world's population lives in this part of the world - 60%, and the most populous countries are Japan, China and India. However, there are also desert areas, especially in northeast Asia. In its composition, Asia is very multinational, which also distinguishes it from other parts of the world. That is why Asia is often called the cradle of world civilization. Due to the identity and diversity of cultures, each of the Asian countries is unique and interesting in its own way. Each has its own customs and traditions.

Being an extended part of the world, Asia has a changeable and contrasting climate. Asia is crossed climatic zones ranging from equatorial to subarctic.