A message about animals that live in the Arctic. A message around the world on the topic: "Animals of the Arctic desert zones." Feathered permanent inhabitants of the Arctic

Even at first glance, the desert regions of the planet, where the climate is quite severe and inhospitable, are the habitat of many interesting animals. In order to understand what animals live in the Arctic, you need to learn more about the features of this icy region.

The fauna of the Arctic is subject to certain natural laws. Thus, the ability to merge with the surrounding landscape is very important for local conditions. Therefore, most of the inhabitants of the Arctic are characterized by a pure white or light color. Among them there are special specimens: deer, bears, musk oxen, etc.

Herbivorous arctic animals - musk ox, lemming, wild reindeer, arctic hare. They are hunted by wolves and foxes. The polar bear prefers the inhabitants of the sea as food. In addition, in arctic tundra you can meet ermines, ground squirrel (long-tailed), wolverine.

Who lives in the Arctic?

Other inhabitants of the Arctic are seals, walruses, seals, beluga whales, killer whales, bowhead whales and narwhals. Due to the peculiarities of the terrain, all animals of these regions are adapted to foraging at dusk or even in complete darkness. For low consumption and saving heat, the inhabitants of the land use thick fur.

Large animals have a dense layer of subcutaneous fat, and they manage to generate more heat due to their large body mass. Thanks to short legs and their ears also have the ability to store heat more easily. In total, no more than 20 species of animals live in the difficult conditions of the North.

What animals live in the Arctic

The polar bear is considered a kind of symbol of the coldest places on the planet - these are rare animals of the Arctic. He is a kind of traveler among the animals of the Arctic, as he moves both on land and on drifting ice floes. He is not afraid of ice and cold. Thick dense fur serves as an excellent protection against frost, and massive wide and furry paws with sharp claws. In addition, these arctic animals excellent swimmers, because they have a special membrane on the paw pads. Very mobile, move quickly and dive.

The weight polar bear– from 150 to 500 kg. There are individuals weighing more than 700 kg. Dimensions of the large predator in the world they are 3 meters or more (from the muzzle to the tip of the tail), at the withers - up to one and a half meters. He likes to feast on the meat of animals - walruses, seals, etc.

Wolverine is another predator of those that are found in arctic lands, it is also called the demon of the North. Wolverine is a ferocious hunter with an excellent appetite, can attack people or livestock.

The number of individuals in the population of the animal world arctic ice depends on the number of small rodents - lemmings, which are the "main dish" for arctic foxes, wolverines, polar wolves, and in some cases reindeer.

The polar wolf is considered one of the most beautiful animals in the Arctic. In one flock, as a rule, from 7 to 9 individuals. It feeds on small animals, but musk oxen and deer also belong to its area of ​​interest.

The pinnipeds of the Arctic are seals, walruses, seals, leopard seals and elephant seals. The significant size of the nostrils give them the opportunity to inhale so much air at a time to stay at least 10 minutes under the water column. The front legs are flippers, thanks to which they can rise, and on land crawl on their belly. These Arctic animals feed on crustaceans, fish, mollusks, and krill.

The largest representative of the pinniped group in the world is sea ​​Elephant: an adult male “eats up” a mass of up to 3500 kg. It differs from females by a swelling on its head, similar to a short trunk, which is what the name owes.

Walruses have rather large fangs, the volume of body weight is also impressive: up to 1500 kg. If a walrus makes a sound, then it can resemble the roar of a lion and a bull at the same time. These animals of the Arctic are obstinate, irritable, but able to come to the aid of their relative, who was attacked by hunters.

Seals are also found in the Arctic, their habitat is very wide - the Atlantic, the Pacific Ocean, the North and Baltic Sea. On land, the seal does not feel very confident, but in the water it is able to frolic like a real acrobat, but the seals do not swim to the depths. They do not feel the cold due to waterproof fur and a significant layer of subcutaneous fat.

Not a single representative of the living creatures of the Arctic, perhaps, can be compared with the beluga whale, narwhal and bowhead whale in terms of their ability to survive in the kingdom eternal ice and cold. They do not have the usual for other cetaceans dorsal fin. The narwhal has a long horn protruding from its mouth. A horn is such a tooth 3 meters long and weighing 10 kg. And to make it more convenient to lick the stuck plankton, a large tongue and a whalebone are perfectly adapted. The giant's daily diet can be up to 2 tons!

The "relatives" of the narwhal are considered bowhead whale, only it surpasses the narwhal in its size.

Beluga is a polar dolphin large sizes, reaches a length of 6 m. The main food is fish.

But in the first place among predators in terms of size and strength is the killer whale. Lives in Arctic waters, hunts walruses, seals, seals.

Animal world of the Arctic

At the moment, some animals living in the Arctic may completely disappear as a species. Changes climatic conditions region pose a serious threat to wildlife. The list of endangered animals in the Arctic includes: polar bears, musk oxen, whale, narwhal, Laptev and Atlantic walruses. Today, these are endangered species listed in the Red Book.

To rare species the musk ox also applies - a beautiful powerful animal with a thick undercoat that is eight times warmer than a lamb. Gorgeous wool covers it from above, so the musk ox is not afraid of the most severe frosts. His ancestors lived in the North in the time of mammoths.

If we talk about the animals of the Arctic, we cannot but mention the Arctic foxes, which also require a careful attitude. As a rule, their fur is always white, but there are black, bluish-gray or light gray colors. These animals are very hardy, as they can survive at 50 degrees below zero. They save themselves from frost in dug snow holes, which are whole tunnels c large quantity inputs and outputs. Arctic foxes can eat meat, herbs, berries, and even algae.

In June 2009, by order of the Russian government, national park"Russian Arctic". On a vast territory there are unique natural objects and inhabited by all kinds of fauna under threat of destruction.

The conditions of the Arctic are extremely harsh, but most of the animals living in this region have adapted and thrive either in the tundra or in the icy waters that surround the North Pole.

Many species have evolved over time characteristics, which allow them to survive in cold, barren habitats. These features include:

• thicker fur cover;
• fur that changes color depending on the season;
• a layer of fat that prevents the penetration of cold into the body;
• migration or hibernation to avoid the coldest months of the year.

The list below lists animals that live in the Arctic Circle, as well as those that live in the Arctic - an area located to the south and immediately adjacent to the Arctic.

Animals living in the Arctic

List of arctic animals with pictures and interesting information. You can get Additional information about many animals if you click on the images.

Arctic fox

The arctic fox has some features that allow it to live in the difficult conditions of the Arctic. The most notable feature is its fur, which changes color from brown (summer coloration) to white (winter coloration). The thick fur coat provides the fox with good camouflage and excellent protection from the cold.

arctic hare

Polar hares dig holes underground. There they sleep and hide from frost and predators. Hares run very fast, reaching speeds up to 60 km / h.

Arctic terns are the real conquerors of nature. These incredible birds fly over 19,000 km a year. They can be seen in broad daylight much more often than any other animals and birds. Thanks to flights, terns have two summers a year.

This is one of the arctic predators that live in the coldest regions of northern Canada and other areas of the Arctic. The polar wolf is a subspecies gray wolf, in size it is smaller than the northwestern wolf - another subspecies of the wolf.

Because polar Wolf found in the Arctic, it, unlike other subspecies, is the least subject to extermination by humans.

bald eagle

The bald eagle is national symbol America. Its habitat extends far beyond the Arctic. Meet this beautiful bird possible throughout North America from Canada to Mexico. The bald eagle is called the bald eagle due to the white feathers growing on its head. These birds often catch fish: diving down, they snatch fish from the water with their paws.

Beluga whale

Beluga whales are found off the coast of Russia, North America and Greenland. They are social animals and generally prefer to live in small groups of around 10 individuals. Their white coloring perfectly camouflages them under the Arctic ice.

caribou/reindeer

In Europe, the caribou is better known as the reindeer. The deer have adapted well to the cold climate of the North. In the nose, he has large cavities that serve to heat the frosty air. The hooves of the animal in winter become smaller and harder, due to this, it becomes much easier for the deer to walk on ice and snow. During migration, some herds of reindeer move great distances. No other land mammals living on our planet are capable of this.

Sheep Dalla

The habitat of Dall sheep is in the subarctic regions of North America. These animals are very agile and agile, which helps them to avoid predators in most cases.

Ermine

The ermine belongs to the weasel family. The name "stoat" is sometimes used only to refer to the animal in its white winter coat.

Stoats are fierce hunters that eat other rodents. Often they even move into the burrows of their victims instead of digging their own shelters.

polar shark

Polar sharks are mysterious animals. This photo was made national government US Oceanic and Atmospheric Research.

Polar sharks are mysterious giants that live in the Arctic region. This photo was taken by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Click on the image to learn more about this animal.

Most often polar sharks found in the North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Canada and Greenland. Of all the shark species, they are the northernmost. These animals swim quite slowly and prefer to catch their prey while it sleeps. Also, polar sharks do not disdain to eat up what other predators left after their meal.

harp seal

At birth, harp seal pups have a fur coat. yellow color. It turns white after three days. As the animal matures, its coloration acquires a silvery-gray color. Harp seals have a thick layer of subcutaneous fat that retains heat well. The seals' flippers serve as a kind of heat exchangers: in summer, excess heat is removed through them, and in winter, due to the movements of the flippers in the water, the body is heated.

Lemming

Lemmings are small rodents with long soft fur. They are herbivores and feed on grass, leaves, and plant roots. In winter, lemmings remain active and do not hibernate. Before the onset of winter, they stock up, and also burrow under the snow to search for food.

Elk

Elk is the largest member of the deer family. Elk are most often found in Alaska, Canada, Russia and Scandinavia. Moose have one feature that distinguishes them from other representatives of the deer family. This feature lies in the fact that they are solitary animals and do not live in herds. As a rule, the elk moves slowly, without haste. But a frightened or angry forest giant can pose a serious danger.

Learn more about moose here: Moose Information

Musk ox (musk ox)

This musk ox is called musky because of the sharp musky smell that the males of this species emit in order to attract females to themselves during the mating season. At musk oxen thick coats that perfectly retain heat. Both males and females have long, curved horns.

Narwhal

The narwhal is a medium sized whale and is immediately recognizable by its long tusk protruding from the front of its head. This tusk is actually an overgrown front tooth. Narwhals spend the whole year in the Arctic waters that wash the coasts of Russia, Greenland and Canada.

killer whale

The killer whale is often referred to as the killer whale. This toothed whale belongs to the dolphin family. The killer whale has a very characteristic coloration: black back, white chest and belly. There are also spots around the eyes. white color. These predators prey on others marine life, for this they very often gather in groups. Killer whales occupy the top of the food pyramid, in vivo they have no enemies.

No list of Arctic animals can be considered complete without a polar bear. Polar bears are one of the species predatory mammals. But unlike their forest relatives, they live on the Arctic coast and are capable of cold water swim across long distances. They can also move quickly on snow and ice. Polar bears are the largest of all bears.

ptarmigan

In winter, partridges have white plumage, so it is difficult to see them in the snow. They find food under the snow, and in summer period these birds feed mainly on berries, seeds and green shoots of plants. The white partridge has many local names, such as "white grouse" or "talovka", "alder".

Dead end (axe)

dead ends - amazing birds They can both fly and swim. Short wings, like the fins of a fish, help them move quickly in the water column. Puffins have black and white feathers and brightly colored beaks. These birds form entire colonies on coastal rocks. From rocks, puffins dive into the water, where they look for food.

ringed seal

The ringed seal is the smallest type of seal. She has a small, cat-like head and a fat body. This seal got its name "ringed" from the fact that silvery rings are visible on its back and sides against the background of brown fur. Ringed seals prey on small fish.

sea ​​otter

sea ​​otters are one of the largest representatives of the mustelid family, but at the same time, they are one of the smallest marine mammals. Sea otters spend more time in the water than on land. Thick and dense fur saves them from hypothermia.

white arctic goose

White Arctic geese spend the whole summer in the northern part of the USA and Canada, taking care of their offspring, and fly south by winter. During migration, these birds, as a rule, look out for agricultural fields. Here they feed by digging up the roots of plants with beaks adapted for digging the soil.

white hare

The white hare is white only in winter. In summer, its skin is brown. In addition, by winter, his hind legs are overgrown with thick hair, becoming large and fluffy. This prevents the hare from falling into the snow.

Walrus

The walrus is easily recognizable by its large tusks, long, stiff whiskers, and short flippers. Walruses, these large and heavy animals, used to be hunted a lot for their meat and fat. Now walruses are under state protection, and hunting for them is prohibited.

Wolverines are members of the mustelid family, they are famous for their habits that make them one of the most cruel predators. These hardy little creatures are not afraid to attack animals much larger than themselves.

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The Arctic and Antarctic are areas located around the Northern and south poles. In winter the days here are short and the nights are long, many winter days when the sun doesn't rise at all. In summer, on the contrary, the days are long and there are many days when the sun does not set around the clock. Winters are extremely cold here, and even in summer temperatures rarely rise above freezing. But the most amazing thing is that there are animals here that have adapted to life in these harsh conditions. A thick and subcutaneous layer of blubber keeps whales and seals warm, and land mammals thick fur also saves from the cold.

Almost all of Antarctica is covered with ice, on small plots of land nothing grows except algae, mosses and lichens. The basis of all food chains there are tiny planktonic plants in the ocean. Almost all kinds of animals live or go there for food, for example, penguins. The exceptions are seals that get out of the water to their usual rookeries in order to breed and raise offspring. The Arctic is slightly warmer than the Antarctic. In summer, many plants appear on the border of the Arctic Circle, serving as food for rodents. Rodents feed on some of the most beautiful birds of prey- white (polar) owls. Live in the Arctic reindeer, polar bears, arctic foxes and seals.

Animals of the Arctic

The Arctic is the northernmost polar region the globe. It includes the entire Arctic Ocean with islands and the northernmost outskirts of Europe, Asia and America. It is always cold here, even in summer the air temperature rarely exceeds 0 °C. Low temperatures air do not allow the development of plants and cold-blooded animals. But in the Arctic you can meet mammals and birds. Their whole life is connected with the ocean. AT sea ​​water, the temperature of which, even in severe frosts, is always above 0 ° C, there is food for them - plants, fish and invertebrates.

The dark polar winter lasts for six long months, but even in summer the sun does not rise high above the horizon. Temperatures are only occasionally above zero, and in Antarctica, where it is even colder than in the Arctic, it can drop to -84.4 C. Despite this, some species of animals feel at home here.

Since there is practically no vegetation here, large animals feed on sea ​​fish which is found in great abundance. For mammals and birds, the most important thing is to keep warm, so they adapt to the conditions of their environment, having either a thick subcutaneous fat layer, or thick fur or dense plumage. Some types of insects spend the winter hibernating under snow cover. Animals that have not adapted to extreme cold conditions spend the winter in warmer southern countries.

White bears

The mighty polar bear is the largest land predator in the Arctic (not counting the huge brown bears in Alaska and Russia). Basically, the polar bear lives in coastal areas and on pack ice. The high tide of the polar seas is rich in plankton, which feed on fish and other animals, which, in turn, become food for polar bears.

Adult animals reach a size of about 3.3 meters in length and height at the withers up to 1.5 m. An adult male polar bear can weigh up to 800 kg. Hardy swimmers, they can cover long distances, and sometimes bears swim many hundreds of kilometers on drifting ice floes. .

The main prey of polar bears is small seals, there are many of them in the Arctic. In search of seals, the bear stands on its hind legs and sniffs the air - it smells prey from kilometers away. The bear approaches from the leeward side, so that the wind does not carry its smell to the seals, and creeps up to the rookery itself on its belly. They say that he even covers his black nose with his paw so that he is not noticed. Having chosen a prey, the bear seizes it in a deft throw. To the seals resting on the edge of the ice floes, the bear will swim under water and drag the nearest one. It happens that the ice locks Arctic dolphins - killer whales in small polynyas. The bear beats the floundering animals with its paws, pulls them out on the ice and stacks them in the cold, creating a food warehouse in a natural refrigerator. The walrus is a desirable prey, but it is twice as heavy as a bear and cannot be overcome by a predator. A smart bear, knowing the shyness of walruses, runs around their rookery and growls. The walruses in a panic, crushing each other, rush to the sea, and the bear collects the “harvest”: injured adults and crushed walrus cubs. In summer, bears enter the tundra to diversify their diet with lemmings, nesting birds, as well as mosses, lichens and berries.

However, polar bears' favorite food is ringed seals and lakhtaki ( sea ​​hares). The bear waits patiently by the hole as they come up for air. Having stunned the prey with a powerful paw, he pulls it out of the water and immediately eats it. A mother bear usually gives birth to one or two cubs and feeds them in a den made in ice.

seals

Eight species of seals live in the Arctic - seven species of true seals and walruses. harbor seal- an inhabitant of the northern coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Seals do not go out into the open sea. They can be found swimming near the shore or resting on land or on an ice floe. Adult seals have a very thin coat that is in no way able to protect them from the cold. How does a seal escape from severe frosts and icy water? It turns out that subcutaneous fat plays a heat-insulating role in them. Its thickness can reach tens of centimeters. With such a pillow, a seal can lie for hours on the snow, which does not even melt under it, while its body temperature remains constant and high (+38 °C).

Seals originate from ancient terrestrial predatory mammals. Over millions of years of evolution, they have adapted to life in the water: their limbs have turned into flippers, and the body has become spindle-shaped, streamlined. On land, seals move with great difficulty and, in case of danger, immediately dive into the water - they can be in a state of immersion for several minutes.

Seals feed mainly on fish. In pursuit of shoals, they often swim in the lower reaches of the rivers.

Unlike whales, seals breed exclusively on land. Their cubs are dressed in lush white or gray fur, which disappears after the first molt.

walruses

Walruses are huge sea ​​animals, inhabitants of the Arctic. They, like seals and seals, belong to the order pinnipeds. The hairline in walruses is rare, and in old individuals it is completely absent. Warms their thick layer of subcutaneous fat. The skin is very strong, almost like armor, with many huge folds. Among modern animals, walruses have the most powerful fangs. In some males, their length can reach 80 cm!

In the Arctic waters, walruses keep to shallow areas abounding with benthic animals: mollusks, worms, crabs - this is their main food; they use their extraordinary fangs to dig up prey from the bottom of the sea.

Walruses are excellent swimmers and divers. On land, they are clumsy and move with great difficulty, and getting out onto the ice floe, they help themselves with fangs.

They breed on dry land. There are fierce fights between males. The thick skin protects them from serious damage with powerful fangs. Cubs are born with a thick hairline, which disappears over time. No one teaches little walruses to swim; immediately after birth, they fearlessly rush into the icy water and dive with pleasure.

Due to predatory hunting, there are few walruses left (they were hunted for their meat, skin, fat and fangs). In our country, walruses are protected.

northernmost natural area planets is an arctic desert, which is located in the latitudes of the Arctic. The territory here is almost completely covered with glaciers and snow, sometimes there are fragments of stones. Here most winter reigns with frosts of -50 degrees Celsius and below. There is no change of seasons, although during the polar day there is a short summer, and the temperature during this period reaches zero degrees without rising above this value. In summer it can rain with snow, there are thick fogs. There is also a very poor flora.

In connection with such weather conditions animals of arctic latitudes have high level adaptation to this environment therefore they are able to survive in harsh climatic conditions.

What birds live in the arctic deserts?

Birds are the most numerous representatives of the fauna that live in the Arctic desert zone. Meet here large populations pink gulls and guillemots that feel comfortable in the Arctic. There is also a northern duck - the common eider. The most large bird- This is a northern owl that preys not only on other birds, but on small animals and cubs of large animals.

pink seagull

common eider

What animals can be found in the Arctic?

Among cetaceans in the Arctic desert zone, there is a narwhal, which has a long horn, and its relative, the bowhead whale. There are also populations of polar dolphins - belugas, large animals that feed on fish. Killer whales are also found in the Arctic deserts, hunting various northern animals.

Numerous populations of seals in arctic wilderness, including harp seals, mobile, large sea hares - seals, 2.5 meters tall. Even in the expanses of the Arctic, you can meet walruses - predators that prey on animals of smaller dimensions.

Among land animals in the Arctic desert zone, polar bears live. In this area, they hunt well both on land and in water, as they dive and swim well, which allows them to feed on marine animals.

White bears

Another severe predator is the Arctic wolf, which in this area is not found alone, but lives in a pack.

Here lives such a small animal as a polar fox, which has to move a lot. Among the rodents you can find lemmings. And, of course, there are large populations of reindeer.

arctic fox

Adaptation of animals to the arctic climate

All of the above species of animals and birds have adapted to life in the Arctic climate. They have developed special adaptive abilities. The main problem here is the preservation of heat, therefore, in order to survive, animals must regulate their temperature regime. Bears and arctic foxes have thick fur for this. This protects the animals from severe frost. Polar birds have plumage that is loose and tight to the body. In seals and some marine animals, a fatty layer forms inside the body, which protects from the cold. Particularly active defense mechanisms in animals they appear with the approach of winter, when frosts reach an absolute minimum. To protect themselves from predators, some representatives of the fauna change the color of their fur. This allows some species of the animal world to hide from enemies, and others to successfully hunt in order to feed their offspring.

The most amazing inhabitants of the Arctic

According to many people, the most amazing animal in the Arctic is the narwhal. it huge mammal which weighs 1.5 tons. Its length reaches up to 5 meters. This animal has a long horn in its mouth, but in fact it is a tooth that does not play any role in life.

In the waters of the Arctic there is a polar dolphin - beluga. He only eats fish. Here you can also meet the killer whale, which is dangerous predator, not neglecting either fish or larger marine life. The Arctic desert zone is inhabited by seals. Their limbs are flippers. If on land they look clumsy, then in the water the flippers help the animals to swim maneuverably at high speed, hiding from enemies. The relatives of seals are walruses. They also live on land and in water.

The nature of the Arctic is amazing, but due to the harsh climatic conditions, not all people want to join this world.

Arctic - harsh land but the birds arctic climate doesn't discourage. According to scientists, the number of birds in the Arctic is up to 50% of the world's shore birds. Species diversity birds in these places, according to various estimates, 150 - 290 species.

Mostly birds live here during the polar summer, when water and coastal rocks can provide shelter and sufficient food, but there are also wintering species, both marine and terrestrial.

What birds live in the Arctic

High latitudes are predominantly water (ice) expanses, with a small interspersing of island and coastal territories. Not surprisingly, the list of Arctic birds is topped by marine and waterfowl species.

Loons - ranging in size from a large duck to a goose, depending on the species:

• red-throated loon
• black-throated loon
• white-billed loon.

They belong to the migratory birds of the Arctic, spending the summer here from May to August-October. Nests are arranged in pits, lined with grass and moss, 1-2 chicks are hatched. Clumsy and helpless on land, loons are excellent swimmers and divers. In danger, they swim, deep immersing the body and leaving only the head on the surface.

The Bering cormorant is a bird 70-80 cm in size, weighing 1.5 kg. The plumage is black with a metallic sheen, the bare leathery area near the beak is painted black with red warts. This is the only cormorant species in the Russian Arctic. Dwells on rocky coasts from May to September, feeds on fish and crustaceans. In a nest lined with grass and algae, it breeds 2-5 chicks.

Auks are a large detachment of birds of the north. In color and habits, they resemble penguins, which, as you know, are not found in the Arctic. They are perfectly adapted to swimming and diving, and spend most of their lives on the water, getting ashore only to breed. When swimming under water, they can row their wings, dive to a depth of 20 meters or more. Unlike penguins, auks can fly (with the exception of the extinct wingless auk, which could not fly, but dived to a depth of 76 meters). The auks include:

• Chistik
• Thick-billed murre
• slender-billed murre
• Lurik
• Baby auklet
• white belly
• auklet
• Motley and gray fawn
• Dead end
• Ipatka
• Hatchet

Seagulls - representatives of the family are distinguished by a characteristic color with a darker back and white plumage of the lower body, black marks on the head and ends of the wings. Gulls are wintering birds of the Arctic, foraging in the open polynyas of the Northern Arctic Ocean or in bear hunting grounds. Species of these birds in the Arctic:

• The burgomaster is the largest representative of the family;
• Ivory gull - easily coexists with humans, nesting right next to populated areas;
• Ordinary kittiwake;
• polar gull;
• The pink gull is a small bird weighing only 350 g with pinkish plumage, listed in the Red Book.
• Petrels - Atlantic fulmar, Arctic petrel are common in the Arctic. The petrels got their name for their ability to predict the weather;
• Geese - up to 80% of the world's white geese are concentrated in the Arctic.
• Sandpipers - 17 out of 24 species of these birds nest in the Arctic.

ground birds

What birds live in the Arctic on its coastal part? They are not as numerous as marine ones.

• The Siberian Crane, or White Crane, is endemic to the north of Russia and is listed in the Red Book.
• The polar owl is an arctic predator that preys on birds, lemmings, cubs of fairly large animals (for example, arctic fox).
• Partridges are able to survive the Arctic winter. Like snowy owls, they are distinguished by dense feathering on their paws, which allows them to endure winter temperatures.
• Snow bunting, Greenland and Tundra tap dance are representatives of arctic passerines.