Daily discharge in girls. Is white discharge in girls and women normal? Green and yellow highlights

Unusual vaginal discharge includes:
bloody brown discharge, green, white, yellow, smelly discharge, frothy or liquid.

A certain amount of fluid that flows from a woman's genitals is normal. The walls of the vagina and cervix contain glands that produce a small amount of secretion that irrigates and cleanses the vagina and prevents infection. This is a normal discharge and is usually clear or slightly cloudy, slimy or watery and does not smell bad. Vaginal discharge is present in all healthy women and is normal.

Signs of normal healthy vaginal discharge:

• They are liquid, transparent (mucus, jelly-like)
• The amount of discharge is negligible
• No noticeable odor
• They do not irritate the skin and mucous membranes of the genital organs and are not accompanied by any symptoms of the disease (itching, fever, pain, discomfort in the genital area).

The amount of normal vaginal discharge and its consistency may vary depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle and the condition of the woman. There is more vaginal secretion at certain times of the menstrual cycle (around the middle of the cycle, at the time of ovulation), during breastfeeding, or during sexual arousal. An increase in vaginal discharge in healthy women may be due to stress, changes in climate, or certain medications (such as hormonal contraceptives).

An increase in the amount of vaginal discharge (more abundant and liquid) is observed during pregnancy and gradually increases towards the end of pregnancy. The intensification of vaginal discharge in pregnant women is explained by an increase in the concentration of sex hormones during this period.

An increase in the amount of secretion, an abnormal smell or change in consistency, or pain, itching, or burning that accompanies vaginal discharge may be signs of infection or other more serious conditions.

Beli - excessive or unusual in nature (smell, color, consistency, quantity) discharge (copious milky-white, yellow-green, sanious, liquid or thick, smelling, etc.), causing itching, burning and a constant feeling of moisture.

Pathological vaginal discharge - leucorrhoea - can be very diverse in color (red-bloody, brown, gray, black, whitish, greenish, yellowish, pink), consistency (jelly-like, curdled, foamy) with and without odor. Beli may be accompanied by other symptoms (itching, irritation, pain) or may be the only symptom of the disease.

Unlike leucorrhoea, physiological discharge from the vagina is not abundant, light. Usually they do not cause irritation of the skin and mucous membrane of the genital organs, their number increases slightly before menstruation, during pregnancy and in the postpartum period, and in girls - during puberty. The total amount of secretion that accumulates during the day in the vagina does not normally exceed 1 ml and is not felt.

The main causes of vaginal discharge and diseases in which leucorrhoea occurs

Beli is one of the most common symptoms of gynecological diseases associated with a quantitative or qualitative change in the secretion of the genital organs.

Causes of discharge: inflammatory processes, infections, injuries, tumors of various localization. The nature of leucorrhoea is due to their origin (tubal, uterine and vaginal leucorrhoea liquid, cervical - mucous). An admixture of pus usually indicates an inflammatory process, blood indicates the development of a tumor.

Whites often appear with various gynecological (for example, adnexitis, vaginitis, colpitis) and other diseases. Abnormal discharge can occur when the walls of the vagina are lowered, perineal ruptures, douching with concentrated antiseptic solutions, prolonged use of chemical contraceptives, congestion in the pelvic organs due to constipation and a sedentary lifestyle, violation of personal hygiene rules.

Pathological discharge from the female genital organs- a characteristic symptom of a disease of the reproductive system or a general disease of the body.

Approximately whites can indicate the nature of the pathological process, for example:

• yellow, yellow-green discharge occurs with gonorrhea;
• liquid yellow, frothy - with trichomoniasis;
• white, crumbly - with thrush.

The most common causes of impaired secretion are inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, tumors of the genital organs, foreign bodies in the vagina, antennae of intrauterine devices, contraceptive caps, pessaries, sexually transmitted diseases, sexual dysfunction, interrupted coitus, masturbation, diabetes mellitus, diseases of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, cystitis, urethritis, long-term use of chemical contraception, a sedentary lifestyle that causes congestion in the pelvic organs, non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, especially hygiene of the genital organs, etc. Beli, regardless of the individual reaction to them , negatively affect the nervous system of a woman, lead to maceration of weeping, a decrease in libido, and sometimes to infertility.

Changes in the color, transparency, consistency, or odor of vaginal discharge may indicate the presence of certain diseases or conditions:

Red, bloody, brown vaginal discharge

Red discharge from the vagina indicate the presence of blood in the secretion. Most often, they appear a few days before menstruation (then they turn into abundant discharge characteristic of menstruation) and may persist for several more days after menstruation has stopped. If the bleeding is not strong and approximately coincides with menstruation, then you should not worry. In women wearing a spiral (IUD), every month, a few days before menstruation, mild spotting bloody discharge from the vagina may appear.

Often, bloody leucorrhoea has a brown or even blackish tint, the occurrence of which is associated with the oxidation and destruction of blood in the vagina.

If there is very little blood in the secretions, then they acquire a pink or brownish tint (spotting). Usually normal (perimenstrual spotting) does not have an unpleasant odor.

Rarely, slight bleeding from the vagina may occur in the middle of the menstrual cycle (bleeding at ovulation) or in women wearing a spiral or taking oral contraceptives (the lower the dose of estrogen hormones, the more bleeding). If blood appears on the background of taking contraceptives or wearing an intrauterine device, you should consult a gynecologist.

More or less abundant bloody leucorrhoea, not associated with menstruation, almost always indicates the presence of diseases. Most often, red discharge is observed when:

• Erosion or cancer of the cervix (red or pink discharge that gets worse after intercourse)
• Menstrual irregularities
• Adenomyosis (endometriosis)

In case of bleeding from the vagina, not related to menstruation, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

More abundant single (and sudden) spotting can be caused by spontaneous miscarriage in early pregnancy. With an ectopic pregnancy, bleeding can be very heavy and prolonged, and can be confused with menstruation. If, against the background of spotting, possible signs of pregnancy are also determined, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Whitish, white, or yellow vaginal discharge

Whitish or yellow discharge from the vagina is characteristic of various infections of the genital tract. A whitish or yellow color (less often green or gray) of leucorrhoea is usually associated with the presence of a large number of microbes and leukocytes in them (purulent discharge).

Purulent (white, grey, greenish) vaginal discharge

Purulent (white, gray, greenish) leucorrhoea observed in trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, thrush and some other infections. Usually, purulent discharge from the genital tract is accompanied by more or less severe itching and discomfort in the genital area. Often, the discharge is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen or in the lower back.

In pregnant women, normal vaginal discharge may become quite viscous and whitish in color towards the end of pregnancy - this is normal, and you should not worry if there are no other signs of illness besides them.

Foamy, cheesy, thick vaginal discharge

A change in the consistency of the vaginal secretion is also a sign of illness. Normal vaginal discharge, as mentioned above, should be quite thin and mucus-like. Foamy or white cheesy leucorrhea is most often a sign of an infection.

Vaginal discharge with an unpleasant odor

The appearance of an unpleasant odor (most often such discharges are purulent or curdled) is also a sign of infection. Unpleasant smell (smell of fish, rotten smell, sour smell) is associated with the vital activity of pathogenic microbes that decompose nutrients and emit gases with an unpleasant odor.

Vaginal discharge before and after sex

With sexual arousal, the glands of the vestibule of the vagina in women begin to actively produce the so-called vaginal lubrication. Therefore, the presence of liquid transparent discharge immediately before sex or during sex is normal.

Appearance thick copious discharge(possibly with an unpleasant odor) immediately after sex (or on the second day) may be associated with the cleansing of the vagina from sperm (this is possible if the sexual intercourse was full, the man had an orgasm and did not use a condom). As a rule, such secretions quickly stop.

Appearance bleeding from the vagina during intercourse or immediately after it may indicate the presence of cervical erosion.

Appearance white, yellow, greenish gray or purulent leucorrhea a few days or weeks after sex may indicate the development of an infection.

Beli with infectious diseases

Vaginal discharge is a common symptom for several female genital disorders, most of which are related to sexually transmitted infections (STDs).

Vaginal discharge in trichomoniasis

Vaginitis with trichomoniasis manifests itself profuse foamy whites, often with an unpleasant odor. Long-term (chronic) vaginitis is accompanied by thick white or yellow leucorrhoea. As a rule, discharge from urogenital trichomoniasis is combined with unbearable itching in the vulva. The diagnosis of urogenital trichomoniasis is never made on the basis of symptoms alone, for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis it is necessary to conduct the following studies:

Microscopic examination of a native (unstained) vaginal smear
Microscopic examination of a vaginal smear stained with special dyes
The cultural method of research is the cultivation of colonies of microorganisms obtained from the vagina on special nutrient media, followed by the study of the resulting cultures.
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a research method based on the study of the genetic material of Trichomonas vaginalis.

Vaginal discharge in bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is the most common disease that causes foul-smelling discharge. The reason for the development of bacterial vaginosis is the overgrowth of bacteria on the vaginal mucosa, which are normally present inside in small quantities (synonymous with vaginal dysbacteriosis). These bacteria include: Gardenerella vaginalis, Bacteroides, Peptococci, etc.
Women with bacterial vaginosis develop white discharge with an unpleasant "fishy" odor (smell of fish). As with trichomoniasis, the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis cannot be made on the basis of symptoms alone. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is based on the following research methods:

pH meter. Normally, the vagina is acidic, while bacterial vaginosis becomes alkaline.
Microscopic examination of unstained vaginal swabs
Microscopic examination of vaginal smears stained with special dyes
When the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is established, the attending physician prescribes treatment.

Vaginal discharge in vaginal candidiasis (thrush)

Urogenital candidiasis (thrush) is an inflammatory disease of the genital organs in women and men, the causative agents of which are fungi of the genus Candida. Women with candidiasis (thrush) develop thick white discharge from the vagina (specific cheesy discharge) with a sour smell or the smell of bread. Other symptoms of urogenital candidiasis in women are discomfort and itching in the genital area, often accompanied by pain and pain when urinating. Diagnosis of thrush is carried out on the basis of the following studies:

Microscopic examination of native (unstained) vaginal swabs
Microscopic examination of stained vaginal swabs
Mycological examination - identification of the type of fungus that caused thrush.

Self-treatment of the above infectious diseases of the genital area is not recommended. Often leucorrhea can be caused by several infections at once such as a combination of bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis. In such cases, treatment should be carried out according to special schemes and is determined only by the attending physician based on the results of the tests.

Discharge before menstruation and after menstruation

Normally, the discharge before menstruation intensifies, becomes thicker, and may acquire a yellowish tint. The norm is also brown discharge a day or two before menstruation and immediately after the end of menstruation, if these discharges are associated with menstruation. Abundant brown leucorrhoea long before menstruation or after menstruation can be associated with diseases such as endometriosis, endometritis, endocervicitis, etc.

Vaginal discharge during pregnancy

Vaginal discharge in early pregnancy

Vaginal discharge during early pregnancy may be more profuse than usual and is normal as long as it remains clear, does not smell bad, and is not accompanied by other symptoms such as itching or pain in the genital area.

Appearance brown or bloody vaginal discharge during early pregnancy may indicate spontaneous miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy.

Purulent or whitish, white vaginal discharge during early pregnancy may indicate an infection.

Vaginal discharge in late pregnancy

In the middle of pregnancy in the later stages, normal discharge may become more viscous and thick. suddenly appeared brown or bloody discharge may indicate an incipient miscarriage or premature birth, therefore, if blood is found, you should seek medical help immediately. Brown vaginal discharge during pregnancy may indicate slight bleeding from the vessels of the cervix and also require examination by a doctor.

Discharge after childbirth

Within a week after the birth, regardless of whether the birth came naturally or there was a caesarean section, there are abundant bloody discharges of the type of menstruation - lochia -, over time, their number decreases, there may be an admixture of ichor in the blood - this is normal if they are not have an unpleasant odor and no severe abdominal pain. Normally, lochia persists for up to 3 weeks, a maximum of 4 weeks after childbirth. For longer discharges, you should consult a gynecologist.

Treatment for vaginal discharge

Treatment of whites with folk remedies

Only a few folk remedies are applicable in the treatment of vaginal discharge, but only in combination with traditional medicines. So, in the treatment of recurrent (repeating repeatedly) candidiasis (thrush), an infusion of calendula officinalis (marigold) is used for douching between the use of vaginal tablets or suppositories.

Treatment of leucorrhoea with folk remedies according to folk recipes is dangerous because the undiagnosed (not defined) disease that caused these discharges becomes chronic, its symptoms disappear, the diagnosis of the disease is very difficult, and the treatment becomes more complicated (the treatment is longer and requires the use of more stronger drugs).

Before prescribing any folk recipes, you need to know your exact diagnosis and take into account the contraindications of the folk remedies used.

Which doctor should I contact if unusual vaginal discharge appears?

With the appearance of leucorrhoea from the genitals, you should immediately consult a gynecologist.

What is vaginal discharge?

Many women do not understand what vaginal discharge is and often try to get rid of it with enhanced personal hygiene. However, discharge is a natural secret of the mucous membranes, which has its own unique functions, like many other biological fluids in the human body - blood, saliva, gastric juice. Its absence can also indicate the presence of pathology, as well as a change in color or amount of discharge.

Distinguish between pathological discharge and normal discharge. A gynecologist can advise a woman about their nature in the most correct form, the patient herself only needs to be attentive to her body and the ability to distinguish its normal state from a state in which any deviations are found. In order to understand which discharges are normal and which are not, you need to know about the symptoms of the appearance of some common abnormalities and diseases of the genital organs.

Normal vaginal discharge and causes of abnormalities

The easiest way is to first determine the list of normal types of discharge in women, which should not be frightening:

• Mucous clear discharge, possibly profuse, appears before ovulation.
• Discharges of a creamy or jelly-like type and copious nature are natural in the first half of the menstrual cycle.
• Creamy or jelly-like meager discharge is characteristic of the second half of the cycle.
• White or clear discharge of a liquid nature may be present for some time after sexual contact.
• Bloody or reddish streaks may appear in the discharge before ovulation.
• Brown discharge is the norm in the first weeks of taking hormonal contraceptives.
• White, odorless discharge during pregnancy, which may increase throughout pregnancy.

Most normal discharge during the menstrual cycle can change in consistency and color, becoming thick, thin, whitish or clear, but should not have an unpleasant odor. The presence of such secretions is a normal condition for an adult woman, but with the development of certain types of diseases or conditions, deviations from the norm and the appearance of secretions of a different color or consistency are possible.

Among the most common causes of deviations in the color of the discharge:

• pregnancy;
• menopause;
• recent childbirth;
• taking certain types of drugs;
• diseases of the genital organs;
• venereal diseases.

With each of these deviations from the usual way of life, there may be various variations in the color and density of the secretions, the appearance of a foreign unpleasant odor in them, or other features characteristic of a particular condition.

Clear vaginal discharge

Clear discharge is the most harmless and natural type of discharge in women. They can appear at any period of the menstrual cycle and consist of dead cells, mucous secretions, lactic acid bacteria, vaginal microflora and other waste products common to this environment. Their number rarely becomes abundant, and there is no smell at all. But the appearance of a faint sour smell should also not be frightening, since it can be given by lactic acid bacteria, which are normally found in any female secretions.

Transparent discharge with different variations is typical for:

• The period of puberty of girls (from 10 years old) - at this age the body begins to prepare for the gradual inclusion of the reproductive systems of organs, and the discharge can be very plentiful. At the same time, they do not have any smell and do not cause discomfort.
• Approaching ovulation - at this time, the amount of discharge increases to a maximum 1-2 days before ovulation itself.
• The first phase of the cycle is thick and clear mucus.
• The second phase of the cycle is scanty and thick discharge.

However, in some cases, even such discharge can cause discomfort. This is possible if a woman has a disease or an inflammatory process. If an unpleasant odor has been added to the transparent discharge, itching in the genital area, urination or sexual intercourse is accompanied by pain, then you should visit a gynecologist, since the presence of such symptoms may indicate the development of the disease. The most common diseases with such signs include:

• Endometritis - an increase in the amount of vaginal mucus, which may also be accompanied by the appearance of blood clots and a sharp, unpleasant odor.
• Salpingoophoritis is an inflammation that is also characterized by increased secretion of mucus and the appearance of an unpleasant odor.
• Diseases of the cervix - bloody impurities are usually found in the secretions.
• Dysbacteriosis or bacterial vaginosis - a characteristic smell of rotten fish appears, the discharge is liquid, watery, sexual intercourse usually causes pain, and hyperemia occurs on the outer part of the genital organs.

Green discharge

The green color of the discharge belongs to pathological types, since it is a symptom of a whole list of sexually transmitted diseases, as well as inflammatory processes, during the development of which leukocytes fight infections and enter the vaginal secretion in large numbers.

Among the most common causes of green or yellow-green discharge are:

• Bacterial vaginosis is a different type of inflammation caused by bacteria. The reason for their development can be either infection from a sexual partner, or ordinary stress or the onset of pregnancy. There may be itching and burning in the genital area.
• Trichomoniasis - green discharge can be almost the only symptom of this dangerous disease, which is extremely difficult to diagnose. To confirm it, you must pass a special test, so the presence of green secretions should certainly become a reason to visit the clinic.
• Thrush, or candidiasis - is also sometimes accompanied by greenish discharge of a jelly-like or curd-like appearance.
• Pregnancy - green discharge may appear at the very beginning of pregnancy due to changes in the woman's body and changes in hormonal balance. Despite the fact that this is a normal physiological process, it is possible to activate latent infections against its background, which also requires consultation with a gynecologist.
• Gonorrhea is an extremely dangerous disease that also requires a mandatory visit to a gynecologist and a course of treatment.
• Inflammatory process - with it, the discharge, as a rule, acquires a yellowish-green appearance.

The green color of the discharge is an unhealthy variant of the norm, which can be attributed to any part of the menstrual cycle. The presence of secretions of this color always indicates changes in the body of a woman, which must be taken seriously.

yellow discharge in women

Yellow discharge may be the norm if their amount is limited and there is no smell. Many changes in a woman's body, both natural and pathological, can provoke such discharge. Discharge with a similar color can be normal only in cases where:

• The amount does not exceed one teaspoon per day.
• There is no odor.
• The tint is muted, not bright.
• The discharge is watery, without clots and with a uniform consistency.

In other cases, yellow discharge can be both the norm and a sign of pathology. Among the most common causes of such secretions are the following:

• Recent births. Within 6-8 weeks after childbirth, a woman may experience yellowish discharge, which is not accompanied by significant discomfort. This is the norm for this period, however, there is always a possibility of infection, since at this time the female body is especially sensitive to various kinds of infections. Therefore, if the discharge bothers the woman or is accompanied by any discomfort, you should consult a doctor for advice and determine the reasons for the presence of yellow discharge.
• Adnexitis is an inflammatory process in the genitals.
• Salpingitis is also inflammation.
• Vaginitis is an inflammation of the mucous tissues of the vagina, which is usually accompanied by pain and itching during sexual intercourse.
• Gonorrhea, chlamydia and trichomoniasis are sexually transmitted diseases that are often accompanied by yellowish-green discharge, clearly indicating an inflammatory process. Another important symptom of these diseases is the sharp and unpleasant smell of rotting fish.

Any of these reasons needs to be checked by a doctor and appropriate treatment prescribed. If unusual yellow discharge appears, you should definitely contact the clinic for testing.

White discharge

White discharge is normally present in any woman. Often their number increases before menstruation, after it ends and during pregnancy. Such secretions are also called "leucorrhea", and they should not bother a woman as long as their amount remains small, the consistency is uniform, and there is no unpleasant odor. In other cases, white discharge may be a symptom of a sexually transmitted disease, fungal infection, or inflammation. Among the most commonly diagnosed causes of white discharge are:

• Vaginitis is an inflammation that occurs in the vaginal mucosa.
• Adnexitis - inflammation of the internal genital organs.
• Incorrectly selected personal hygiene products.
• Omission of the walls of the vagina and colpitis.
• Thrush, or candidiasis.
• Taking hormonal drugs for a long time.
• Some types of douching, washing out the flora from the vagina.
• Sedentary lifestyle.
• Non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.

The amount of white discharge can increase dramatically before ovulation, so it is extremely difficult to judge the development of the disease during this period by their presence. If whites are present in large quantities at other times of the cycle or are accompanied by unusual conditions and symptoms, then you should definitely visit a gynecologist to rule out infections and diseases of the reproductive system.

Bloody discharge

Bloody secretions are considered the most dangerous and can be a symptom of many diseases, depending on their color, abundance and smell. This type of discharge should alert a woman if the amount of discharge is large and they are accompanied by other symptoms - pain, itching, burning. Such discharge can be a symptom of:

• erosion of the cervix;
• fibromas;
• endometritis;
• sarcomas;
• cancer;
• adenomyosis;
• tumors.

Since the entire list of diseases consists of diagnoses that are extremely dangerous for the health and life of a woman, such discharge should definitely be a reason to visit a doctor. However, spotting does not always mean the presence of any serious illness. In some cases, they can talk about other deviations from the normal state:

• The occurrence of polyps, small ulcers, warts and other growths in the genitals, which become a source of anxiety and spotting.
• Infection in the genitals.
• Too dry vaginal mucosa can cause such discharge after sexual contact. Especially often such cases occur in women whose age is close to menopause.
• After an abortion.
• Taking inappropriate types of hormonal contraceptives.
• The onset of menopause - during this period, spotting in small amounts at different times is considered the norm.

Any of these reasons requires an examination by a gynecologist and testing to make a diagnosis. Only when a disease or pathology is detected, a doctor can prescribe a treatment that will help get rid of such secretions.

black discharge

Black discharge is usually a variant of bloody discharge, when the color is too dark, and the discharge itself is characterized by increased density and heterogeneous consistency. Such discharge can also be both normal at certain periods and pathological. A similar color of discharge can serve as a symptom of such diseases and abnormalities:

• Disorders of metabolism and functions of the endocrine system.
• Sudden changes in weight - both obesity and loss of adipose tissue.
• Prolonged inflammatory processes or infections.
• consequences of chemotherapy.
• Stress.
• Hormonal imbalance that has arisen for various reasons.
• endometriosis.
• Hyperplasia of the endometrium.
• Reception of incorrectly selected hormonal contraceptives or their abrupt cancellation.
• Polyps on the genitals.
• Some systemic diseases of the body.

To determine the exact cause of black discharge, you should consult a doctor who can prescribe the appropriate tests, conduct an examination and determine the appropriate type of medicine. The reasons for such discharge can be very different, so only a specialist can make a specific diagnosis.

Discharge with odor

Not only the color of the discharge and their quantity, but also the smell can serve as a sign of the presence of a disease of the genital organs or pathology. Normally, vaginal discharge is odorless or has a slight sour smell. If an unpleasant odor appears that resembles rotten fish or sour-milk products, then this is a sure sign of the presence of a sexually transmitted disease, an inflammatory process, or an infection.

In most cases, the smell of secretions may indicate such diseases and conditions:

• Inflammation caused by microorganisms. In such cases, the number of discharges is usually very large.
• Disturbances in the metabolic system of the body of various nature.
• Changes in the hormonal balance of the body for any reason.
• Consequences of a long course of antibiotic therapy.
• Violations of the rules of intimate hygiene of the genital organs.
• Pregnancy.
• The consequences of douching with strong antibacterial agents, as well as simply long douching courses that wash out the vaginal flora.
• The development of oncological diseases of the genital organs.
• Consequences of chemotherapy.
• The presence of candidiasis, or thrush.
• development of bacterial vaginosis.
• Gonorrhea.
• Chlamydia.
• Trichomoniasis.

This is not a complete list of possible problems, a symptom of which is a change in the smell of vaginal discharge. These are much more common than others. In any case, contacting a gynecologist is the right decision if there is discharge with an unusual smell. The sooner the cause of such a change is established, the easier it is to get rid of it and the faster the treatment is carried out.

Discharge treatment

The treatment of any discharge should take into account several factors - the cause of their appearance, the type of disease or abnormality in the body, the period of the menstrual cycle and other features of the body of each woman. In order for the treatment to be correct, a diagnosis is made to determine the cause of the discharge. As part of such a diagnosis, it may be necessary to:

• delivery of cytology;
• smear for STDs;
• blood test for various diseases (depending on the nature of the discharge);
• cultural research;
• pH-metry - the study of the acidic environment of the vagina;
• mycological study of the samples taken.

If necessary, other tests may be ordered by the doctor, but for most common diseases, passing several tests is enough. Treatment begins only after an accurate diagnosis has been made by the doctor, as it will consist of a set of drugs with a special effect. For venereal diseases, this is one set, for inflammatory processes, another. Also, if pathologies are detected, additional tests, surgical intervention or conservative therapy may be required. Therefore, drugs prescribed by a doctor should never be replaced by analogues without his permission.

Among the most common diseases and methods of their treatment:

• Trichomoniasis - drugs such as Ornidazole, Metrinidazole, Nimorazole, Tinidazole are prescribed.
• Bacterial vaginosis - Clindamycin, Metronidazole (in the form of a gel or tablets), Clindamycin, Ornisid forte.
• Candidiasis (thrush) - antifungal drugs, Clotrimazole (in the form of vaginal tablets and cream), Irunin, Orungal, Isoconazole, Fluconazole, Mycomax, Flucostat.

These are the most commonly prescribed special profile drugs that are used in the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases and fungal infections, but a specific type of drug is prescribed only by a doctor after examination and analysis. Self-medication is ineffective and even dangerous, so you should follow the advice of specialists and always consult a doctor before taking any drug.

Discharge before menstruation and after menstruation

The presence of abundant, transparent, odorless discharge in the second half of the menstrual cycle and before menstruation is a normal condition for the female body, since this is how it reacts to the approaching menstruation. It is also not a pathology and the presence of a small amount of dark brown or brown discharge no more than two days before the onset of menstruation. But if there are more than two days before menstruation, then such discharge may indicate the development of certain types of diseases of the genital organs.

The same applies to discharge after menstruation. Dark brown discharge that persists for more than two days can also be a symptom of abnormalities, which may include:

• chronic inflammatory processes in the uterus or appendages; endometriosis;
• venereal diseases;
• various dysfunctions of the reproductive system;
• erosion of the cervix - if the discharge appears before menstruation.

Discharge before menstruation may also indicate the presence of systemic diseases that affect the work of many organs, and not just the reproductive system. These may include hematological abnormalities and adeomyosis.

If such discharge bothers a woman repeatedly, and is also accompanied by other symptoms - pain, itching, burning in the genital area, a change in the smell of discharge and their amount throughout the menstrual cycle, then you should definitely consult a doctor for an examination and treatment.

Discharge during intercourse

The nature of the discharge during intercourse and after it changes significantly, which often becomes a cause of concern for women. Normally, the discharge may acquire a thicker consistency, their number increases during sexual contact itself and for several hours after it. If the discharge has become white, but does not have an unpleasant odor, this is also within the normal range, since this is how old, used grease looks like. Its presence in the body of a woman is not only natural, but also necessary. The absence of such secretions may indicate dryness of the walls of the vagina, which is a pathology.

But sometimes during intercourse and after it, dark or bloody discharge appears, which can be a symptom of certain diseases and disorders:

• Mechanical damage to the vagina - can occur after too intense sexual intercourse, the discharge is plentiful and accompanied by pain in the vaginal area.
• Venereal diseases - with chlamydia, such discharge after sexual intercourse is not uncommon, since microorganisms destroy the mucous membranes and make them sensitive to any influences.
• The presence of an inflammatory process in the genital organs.
• Polyps of the cervical canal, the removal of which requires a series of tests.
• Cervical cancer - spotting during intercourse is often the only symptom of the development of this dangerous disease, so when they appear, you should definitely consult a doctor to rule out an oncological process.

If such discharge is disturbing and accompanied by other symptoms, then the woman needs to consult a gynecologist and establish the cause of the presence of pathological discharge during intercourse.

Discharge in girls

Discharge, which is normally present in all adult women, in girls may indicate the presence of an inflammatory process or vulvovaginitis. This disease is rare in adults, because the vaginal flora is too acidic for the development of coccal flora, but in childhood, girls do not yet develop natural protection against this pathogen.

The presence of abundant discharge in girls before puberty may indicate the following deviations:

• Bacterial vulvovaginitis - its symptom will be hyperemia of the external genital organs, abscesses, yellow discharge.
• Enterobiosis provoked vulvovaginitis - the reproduction of worms in the genital area.
• Exudative diathesis - this disease often provokes dryness of the mucous membranes of the genital organs and hyperemia.
• Candidiasis (thrush) is a fungal disease that can occur due to stress and deterioration of the immune system.
• With a foreign body in the vagina - this problem is relevant for young children. Toddlers can unknowingly injure themselves by trying to put a foreign body in their ear or nose - this is known to all parents, but in the same way they can injure the genitals.
• The presence of trichomoniasis - the presence of green discharge may indicate infection with this disease. It is sometimes transmitted through the household, and is almost always transmitted from mother to newborn baby.
• Infection with chlamydia, herpes or mycoplasmosis is possible during fetal development and childbirth, and also later - through the household route from adults.
• The manifestation of an allergic reaction to hygiene products or underwear.

Regardless of the cause of discharge in a girl, you should always consult a doctor, since in childhood their presence may indicate serious pathologies or diseases that require treatment.

Discharge before and after childbirth

Pregnancy changes a lot in a woman's body, so it is often possible to talk about the cause of any discharge only after examining a gynecologist. However, there is a list of common causes of discharge before childbirth:

• At 37-38 weeks and later, after examination by a gynecologist, brownish discharge may appear - this is normal, because at this time the fetus is already ripe, and the uterus is preparing for subsequent births.
• A large amount of mucous secretions indicates the discharge of the cork. Sometimes blood may appear in them, but if the pregnant woman does not feel discomfort, this is also normal.
• The presence of thrush - the discharge will be thick and white, curdled consistency. Before giving birth, you should definitely see a doctor and start timely treatment of this disease, since it can be transmitted to the baby at birth.
• Placental abruption - diagnosed in the period close to childbirth, and can be quite dangerous if the necessary measures are not taken. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately consult a doctor.
• Clear liquid discharge - may be a sign of amniotic fluid discharge, which can also be dangerous before childbirth and requires a visit to a doctor.
• Fetal hypoxia - green or yellow discharge. The same discharge can appear when infected with some types of sexually transmitted diseases, therefore, they require a mandatory check by a gynecologist.

Most of these causes are eliminated when a pregnant woman quickly turns to doctors. Therefore, the appearance of any unusual discharge during pregnancy, and even more so before childbirth, should be a good reason to visit a doctor.

Discharge after an abortion

After a medical abortion, various types of discharge are possible - both dark and bloody, this is a consequence of the action of the drug, which provokes cell rejection according to the principle of miscarriage. But discharge after a surgical abortion can be a sign of an infection or other complications left after the intervention. Usually there are such common causes of discharge after an abortion:

• Normal blood clotting is brown discharge, which can appear up to 10 days after the abortion.
• Polyps - light brown discharge, accompanied by painful sensations during sexual intercourse.
• Endometriosis is a disease that often occurs as a consequence of an abortion.
• Endometritis - pain during the restoration of the menstrual cycle, is considered the norm only if it does not cause significant discomfort, otherwise a mandatory gynecological examination is required, since endometritis can later become endometriosis.
• Bacterial infections of various origins - their sign is yellow discharge, sometimes with a greenish tinge.
• Sexually transmitted diseases - chlamydia, trichomoniasis and other sexually transmitted diseases can provoke an increase in the amount of yellow or greenish discharge after an abortion.

Any of these consequences requires a doctor's check and, if necessary, the appointment of appropriate treatment. Therefore, if unusual discharge appears after an abortion, you should definitely contact a specialist for testing and clarifying the diagnosis and the causes of such changes.

Vaginal discharge is divided into physiological, normal for a certain age and stage of the menstrual cycle, and pathological associated with diseases of the genital organs. It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe a course of treatment for a single symptom, but the appearance of a discharge that is different from the norm gives a reason to contact a gynecologist and undergo an examination.

Normal the discharge consists of a mixture of mucus, dead epithelium and microbial cells, the secret of the Bartholin glands located on the threshold of the vagina. They contain glycogen - a nutrient for beneficial microflora, and lactic acid - a waste product of lactobacilli. The content of glycogen is maximum on the day of ovulation. Normally, there are transparent discharges or whitish, the consistency is mucous, with small lumps or homogeneous, without an unpleasant odor, up to 4-5 ml per day in volume.

Beli

Abundant vaginal discharge or scanty, but atypical in nature or smell, is called leucorrhoea. Whites create a constant feeling of moisture, burning and itching in the perineum. Causes copious discharge - inflammatory processes ( , ); infectious diseases of the urogenital organs, non-specific or STDs; tumors or injuries of the internal genitalia; allergic reactions to latex, spermicidal lubricants, underwear and hygiene products for intimate areas.

By origin, there are vaginal discharges, uterine and tubal (watery, large in volume) and cervical (thick, scanty).

White with pus - a symptom of inflammation,bloody are often associated with tumor development; curdled or resembling white flakes are characteristic of thrush; orange and greenish with a putrid odor - for gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis);foaming appear with trichomoniasis.

Beli can appear after long courses of contraceptives, after douching with antiseptics; with constipation and a static lifestyle, leading to stagnation of venous blood in the small pelvis. The omission of the walls of the vagina, microtrauma of the genitals after sexual intercourse, ruptures of the perineum also cause the formation of leucorrhoea.

Mucous discharge is normal

The first mucous secretions are observed in newborn girls, the appearance of a secret is associated with residual amounts of maternal hormones. After 3-4 weeks, the discharge disappears and reappears by the age of 8-11 years, when the production of one's own estrogen increases. Mucus is secreted periodically, similar to raw egg white or rice water, sour in smell, color - white with a yellowish tinge.

Further, during puberty, cyclic vaginal discharge appears. The beginning of the cycle is the first day of menstruation; in the 1st half of the cycle and until its middle, coinciding with ovulation, there is less discharge. They are mucous or watery, homogeneous, possibly with small lumps. In the middle of the cycle - mucous and abundant, viscous in consistency, possibly beige or brownish.

After ovulation jelly-like discharge, similar to jelly. They increase the content of lactic acid, which is produced by lactobacilli, and the discharge acquires a sour smell. Increased acidity protects the vaginal mucosa, which is looser and more vulnerable to infection during this time period. Before menstruation, the volume of mucous secretions increases again.

Discharge during pregnancy liquid and copious, whitish or transparent. Before childbirth, the cervix dilates, and the cervical plug comes out in the form of a rather large clot of mucus, possibly with an admixture of scarlet blood. Usually the release of the cork coincides with the first contractions. If there is more vaginal secretion than usual, then you should go to the gynecologist: perhaps amniotic fluid is “leaking”.

The presence of liquid blood or blood clots in the discharge suggests an ectopic pregnancy, a threat of interruption gestation, atypical position (previa) or placental abruption. All options are dangerous, at any moment they can be complicated by bleeding and end in death. A pregnant woman who has noted the appearance of scarlet blood from the vagina should immediately lie down, then immediately call an ambulance.

White discharge

During puberty, vaginal discharge may be due to inflammation. intestines, bladder, uterus or ovaries. These episodes include pain associated with urination, intestinal colic or pulling sensations in the lower abdomen and in the lumbar region. Perhaps the temperature will rise, a blood test will show signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, an increase in ESR): then inflammation treatment will be needed.

10-12 months before the onset of the first menstruation, the vaginal mucosa reacts to hormonal changes and liquid, transparent discharges or white, the color of highly diluted milk, odorless or sour are formed. No measures need to be taken if there are no complaints of burning or itching in the perineum, and the discharge does not take on a curdled appearance.

After the onset of sexual activity, the consistency and composition of the secretions change, the reason is the addition of the partner's microflora, which is different in composition from the vaginal flora. It takes time to adapt, in each case is different, and the situation will return to normal again. During the adaptation period, the volume of secretion increases, the discharge becomes more liquid, with a pale yellowish or whitish tint. A change in sexual partner is almost always associated with a variation in the nature of vaginal discharge.

After unprotected intercourse, the discharge normally first takes the form of yellowish or white clots, and after 5-8 hours the secret turns into a liquid and plentiful. After protected intercourse, a white and thick discharge appears, resembling a lubricant.

Taking contraceptives or breastfeeding reduce normal secretion: vaginal discharge is scanty and thick, white or yellowish.

gives white curdled discharge, copious, sour in smell. Sometimes the discharge resembles yellowish curd lumps or white flakes. The disease is accompanied by itching and swelling of the genitals, irritation of the skin of the perineum. The development of candidiasis is a sign of a decrease in immunity.

cheesy white plaque in the vagina with thrush

Thrush is often associated with STDs(, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis) and, manifests itself in metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus) and tumors. Candidiasis definitely requires treatment.

Video: vaginal discharge - norm and pathology

Yellow and green discharge

"Colored" discharge from the vagina occurs with STDs, bacterial vaginosis (gardnerellosis), with nonspecific genital inflammation.

With STDs, leucorrhoea is always pain and burning associated with urination.

: visible on examination of the vagina yellow discharge, emerging from the cervical canal and flowing down the walls of the vagina. Belyam is accompanied by pain in the lower back and lower abdomen, an increase in Bartholin's glands. The diagnosis is confirmed by PCR analysis.

: leucorrhoea plentiful, frothy, greenish or yellowish with a strong putrid odor. May drain onto the perineum, inner thighs and cause skin irritation.

: moderate in volume, the color is yellowish white. May be accompanied by bleeding without matching the cycle, pain of the "lowered belt" type - lower back, lower abdomen, inner thighs. With gonorrhea, a putrid smell of leucorrhoea is often found; a change in their color from grayish-white to yellow indicates the transition of the acute stage of the disease to the chronic one.

: leucorrhoea plentiful, grayish-white, with the smell of rotting fish. Sticky, yellow-green and even orange discharge is typical of an untreated, long-term disease. Itching is not strong, occurs periodically. All symptoms are exacerbated immediately after intercourse.

Nonspecific vaginitis(colpitis): with this disease, leucorrhoea is the main symptom. The type of vaginal discharge varies, depending on the severity of the process. With inflammation of the vagina, the secret becomes sour by reaction, by consistency - viscous and stretching or plentiful and liquid, loses its transparency. A hazy white tint is given by leukocytes,yellowish-green color due to the presence of pus,yellowish-pink - blood. In the initial stages of inflammation, serous leucorrhoea is liquid, watery; then they transform into purulent - thick, green, with a strong putrefactive odor.

and adnexitis: inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. May appear as specific complications caused by ascending venereal infection in STDs, or "normal" inflammation of the internal genitalia. The discharge is always accompanied by pain in the abdomen; in the acute period - periodic, cramping and strong, in the chronic stage - of medium and low intensity, constant, dull, pulling.

Let's summarize. Causes of yellow and green whites:

• foamy discharge - a characteristic sign of STDs;
• abundant discharge is typical for the acute stage of colpitis, adnexitis and salpingitis;
• scanty whites - for chronic adnexitis and salpingitis.

Brown and pink discharge

Associated with the presence of blood in vaginal secretions; may appear for physiological or pathological reasons.

Physiological reasons:

1. small brown, pink or scarlet discharge in the middle of the cycle: the laundry does not get dirty, the color is noticeable only on sanitary napkins or toilet paper. Secretion signals that ovulation has taken place, which helps plan pregnancy.
2. Pinkish and brownish discharge- the norm for the end of menstruation, when there was a complete rejection of the endometrium and the proliferation phase begins (growth of a new endometrium).
3. Bloody issues during the period of taking hormonal drugs. If they last more than three cycles, then it is worth changing the contraceptive and being examined by a gynecologist.
4. Secretion of cervical mucus with bright blood- in pregnant women before childbirth.

Pathological causes

Pathological causes can be: sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea), endometritis, uterine tumors, endometrial hyperplasia, polyposis, cervical erosion, endometriosis.

For gonorrhea the infection rises from the vagina upwards, affecting the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Appearance blood in streaksamong mucopurulent secretions and intermenstrual bleeding are signs of an ascending gonococcal infection. A confirmed diagnosis is made after, which must be positive for gonorrhea, or after the detection of gonococci in it.

- inflammation of the functional uterine layer, which is updated after each menstrual cycle. brown whites, associated with endometritis, appear before and after menstruation, it is also possible to produce brownish mucus in the middle of the cycle. Almost always, inflammation of the endometrium is combined with its hyperplasia (growth) and menstrual bleeding, often the cycle is shortened. Profuse bleeding leads to anemia, the hemoglobin content drops to 50-70 g / l (the norm for women is 120-140 g / l). A woman feels constant fatigue, shortness of breath and dizziness appear even with little physical effort.

Endometrial hyperplasia is considered a precancerous condition.

To return the endometrium to normal, you must first cure the inflammation. The course of antibiotics lasts at least 3 months, the drugs are prescribed for 3 menstrual cycles.

Endometriosis is an overgrowth of glandular tissue (endometrium) in the neck and muscular layer of the uterus (myometrium), fallopian tubes, ovaries, in the abdominal organs. Endometrial cells get into atypical places during abortions, during instrumental examinations of the uterus, during childbirth and during the return of menstrual masses. endometriosis spreads i, leads to numerous local inflammations and the formation adhesions; common complication - infertility.

Drawing pains during menstruation are typical, bloody discharge from all foci of growths of the endometrium. At colposcopy small multiple nodules or cysts, cyanotic or red stripes are visible on the cervix. Bloody-brown leucorrhoea becomes lighter after menstruation, their volume decreases during this period and increases again before the next menstruation. Abdominal endometriosis is a common cause of internal bleeding and subsequent surgery (laparotomy).

Cervical erosion: violation of the integrity of the mucosa, when viewed to determine the boundaries of erosion, acetic acid, 3-5% solution is used. After smearing the surface with acid, erosion is visible as a whitish spot on a pink background. When erosion occurs, small spotting appears, their number increases after intercourse.

Bleeding in cancer patients

endometrial hyperplasia accompanied by smearing brown or bloody discharge before and after menstruation. Acyclic uterine bleeding is possible: they are long, up to several weeks and even months, leading to anemia. The disease develops due to hormonal imbalance, with problems with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism (obesity, diabetes mellitus), hypertension, after gynecological operations, with hereditary predisposition, as a result of STDs - after inflammation of the uterus, with endometritis.

For treatment, combined estrogen / progestogen preparations are used, with severe bleeding - curettage of the endometrium. Be sure to do a biopsy, assess the degree of cellular atypia and growth of glandular tissue. If cancer is suspected, the examination is repeated.

Polyps in the uterus- these are elongated growths of the endometrium, symptoms of polyposis often become brown discharge and postmenstrual bleeding. Discomfort during sexual contact is possible, immediately after its completion - spotting brownish discharge. The reasons for the formation of polyps are an imbalance of estrogens and progestogens, inflammation of the endometrium and cervical canal. Small polyps are discovered by chance; large (more than 2 cm) are manifested by pain in the form of contractions, increased menstrual blood loss. The main complication is infertility; the transition of polyposis to a malignant tumor has not been proven.

Tumors in the uterus in the later stages they are manifested by bleeding, in the early period - by spotting vaginal brown discharge. Tumors of the uterus are divided into benign(polyps, fibromyomas and myomas) and malignant(endometrial cancer and myosarcoma, cervical cancer). Leucorrhoea with pus and scarlet blood, possibly offensive, is characteristic of the decay of the tumor; with cervical cancer appear thick discharge, scanty, streaked with blood. Submucosal fibromatous nodes always give severe bleeding, that is, they clinically proceed malignantly. Cervical cancer quickly metastasizes, spreading to the pelvic lymph nodes, the liver and lungs, and can move to the walls of the vagina.

Video: discharge from women, expert opinion

Vaginal discharge can occur for a variety of reasons. They are divided into physiological, that is, normal, and pathological, which arise due to various diseases. A diagnosis based on this symptom cannot be established, so you should contact a gynecologist for an examination. Normally, the discharge contains mucus, epithelial cells, glycogen, bacteria, which are normally found in the vagina, and a secret from the Bartholin glands. Normally, their color is either transparent or whitish, and they are slightly viscous in consistency, sometimes small lumps may appear in them. There is no smell in the absence of pathology, and up to 5 ml per day is considered a normal volume.

Whites are physiological secretions, but are often copious and have an atypical odor. Because of them, a woman feels moisture and itching in the perineum. The cause of such a discharge can be various diseases of the pelvic organs, such as adnexitis, or sexual infections. They can also occur due to allergies to contraceptives or personal hygiene items.

The origin of leucorrhoea can be uterine, tubal or cervical. In the first two cases, they are more liquid in nature and there are many of them. Cervical leucorrhoea is thicker and much less of them.

The appearance of pus in the whites indicates the development of the inflammatory process. If there are streaks of blood or red discharge from the vagina, you should think about a tumor. Curdled leucorrhoea is characteristic of a fungal infection, and a putrid odor appears with genital infections.

Abundant nature of leucorrhoea is acquired against the background of taking contraceptives, with severe hypodynamia and constipation. With these phenomena, a pronounced stagnation develops in the pelvic organs, which contributes to the formation of a vaginal discharge of the type of leucorrhoea.

Mucous discharge

Discharges of a mucous nature are noted the first month after birth, which is associated with hormonal dependence on the mother's body. They form again around 10 years of age. The separation of mucus is periodic, in consistency it is similar to egg white.

At puberty, women begin menstruation, which is cyclical. In its first half (from the first day of menstruation until the moment of ovulation), they are mucous and homogeneous, they can be transparent or white. In the middle of the cycle, they thicken a little and turn brown. After ovulation has passed, they become jelly-like and acquire a sour smell due to lactobacilli. Thus, the natural protection of the vagina from infection occurs. Vaginal discharge increases before menstruation.

During pregnancy, the discharge in women is watery, sometimes plentiful. Before the onset of the period of childbirth, the cervical plug comes out, which looks like a mucous clot, sometimes blood streaks can be noted in it. Very often this moment coincides with the beginning of contractions. If there is a liquid discharge, you should go for a consultation with a female doctor, as excessive amounts of water may drain.

When red whites appear, a threat of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, placental abruption, or other pathologies of pregnancy can be suspected. The right decision would be to call an ambulance and inpatient treatment in gynecology.

White discharge

In puberty, white discharge from the vagina often indicates inflammatory processes in the intestines or pelvis. They are often accompanied by pain when urinating or pulling pains in the lower abdomen or lower back. Hyperthermia may accompany, and signs of inflammation will appear in the blood.

About a year before the onset of menstruation, the female body begins hormonal changes. There are strong secretions, liquid in consistency, having a white color with a sour smell. If there are no complaints, then this condition should not be treated.

With the onset of sexual activity, the discharge from the vagina also changes, the reasons for this are due to the addition of the male microflora, which differs in composition from the vaginal. After passing the adaptation period, everything returns to normal, but until it has passed, the following changes occur:

• more liquid discharge appears;
• discharge in color may become white or yellow.

Such changes occur when changing sexual partners. If a woman uses contraceptives or breastfeeds, then the discharge from the vagina becomes more scarce and thickens, which is associated with a decrease in the secretion of female hormones.

Candidiasis

With candidiasis, or as it is popularly called thrush, a cheesy character of the discharge from the vagina appears with a very characteristic sour smell. They are usually white in color. The disease also causes itching and swelling of the genital organs, irritated skin in the perineum. Thrush can be a marker of reduced immunity. Quite often, candidiasis is accompanied by HIV or sexual infections.

Green and yellow highlights

A yellow and green discharge may appear with STIs, gardnerellosis, or with genital inflammatory processes of a nonspecific nature. In the first case, itching and pain during urination will always be present.

Yellow, green, and frothy discharges are found in chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis. They are not always abundant, but they often have a frothy character. Such diseases should always be treated as they can lead to infertility.

Gray discharge accompanies gardnerellosis. Very often they have the smell of rotten fish. Pathology does not always need to be treated, since its pathogens normally live in the vagina, but if the amount of discharge has increased, they have acquired a yellowish-green color and become sticky, which means it's time to see a gynecologist.

With colpitis, whites are the main symptom. If the disease worsens, then the discharge becomes stretchy, its quantity increases, turbidity appears, and sometimes pus with streaks of blood. Sometimes there is a smell of rot.

In inflammatory processes in the ovaries and fallopian tubes (salpingitis and adnexitis), leucorrhea is accompanied by pain in the abdomen. With an exacerbation of the processes, the pain is severe, it can be cramping. With chronic diseases, the pain becomes dull and pulling. These diseases usually occur due to STIs, therefore, the discharge is of the same nature.

So, the main causes of green-yellow discharge can be:

• STIs in the event of a foamy discharge;
• colpitis, adnexitis in the acute period in the case of profuse compartments;
• adnexitis, salpingitis in the chronic period in case of minor secretions.

Brown and pink discharge

This color of the vaginal discharge is associated with the presence of blood in them. There are physiological and pathological causes.

Physiological

1. Ovulation. The allocated secret is not visible on linen, it can be found only on a napkin. Their number is very small.
2. The end of menstruation, the rejection of the old endometrium and the growth of a new one. The color is pinkish brown.
3. Taking hormonal drugs. Discharges of a bloody nature. If such secretions continue for more than three months, the drug must be replaced.
4. Before childbirth. Cervical mucus is secreted with an admixture of blood.

Pathological

Among the pathological causes of this condition are venereal diseases, precancerous and oncological processes, as well as cervical erosion.

In sexually transmitted diseases, in particular, with gonorrhea, pathogens affect the ovaries and fallopian tubes. When streaks of blood appear with pus in the mucus, as well as bleeding outside of menstruation, there is a high probability of gonorrhea, which progresses.

With inflammation of the endometrium, that is, with endometritis, brown discharge may occur before or after menstruation. Sometimes they also happen in the middle of the cycle. Endometritis is often accompanied by the growth of the endometrium, as well as the shortening of the cycle. This can lead to hemorrhagic anemia, hemoglobin can drop to 50 g / l. Among the symptoms should be noted chronic fatigue, dizziness and increasing shortness of breath. It should be noted that the growth of the endometrium is an obligate precancer, that is, with a high degree of probability it can provoke cancer.

In order to eliminate inflammation, long courses of antibiotics are prescribed, which last about 3 months.

Endometriosis is a pathology in which the endometrium grows in the muscular layer of the uterus, in its neck, as well as in the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Very often, the endometrium also grows in the abdominal cavity. Its cells can be brought into places that are atypical for themselves during childbirth, abortion or instrumental examination. A frequent complication of the disease is adhesive disease and infertility.

Symptoms of this disease are pain during menstruation, as well as constant discharge from the vagina of a bloody nature, as well as from all places where the endometrium accumulates. Colposcopy reveals small cysts and nodules, as well as red, bluish, and sometimes white stripes. After menstruation, the amount of discharge decreases, they acquire a brownish tint. By the next monthly number increases again.

Allocations in oncological processes

Vaginal discharge due to oncological processes is a fairly common situation. Most often they appear due to endometrial hyperplasia, as already mentioned above, as well as due to polyps and tumors.

Polyps are formations from the endometrium that are somewhat elongated above it. One of the most common symptoms of polyposis is the appearance of brown discharge and bleeding in the postmenopausal period. During sex, a woman experiences severe discomfort, and after it, spotting may appear.

Polyps can appear due to hormonal imbalance, as well as due to inflammatory processes. The main complication is infertility.

In tumors with uterine localization, uterine bleeding occurs in the later stages. In the early stages, there may sometimes be spotting with a brown tint. Neoplasms are divided into benign, which include the above polyps, myoma and fibromyoma, as well as malignant - endometrial cancer, cervical cancer and others.

If whites with a fetid odor and blood appear, this may be a sign of tumor decay. It should be borne in mind that oncological processes of the uterus metastasize very quickly, so this pathology must be operated on as soon as possible.

Summarizing

There are many causes of vaginal discharge. They can be physiological or pathological. Every woman should monitor her discharge, then it will be easier for her to notice any changes that may alert her. If the amount of such secretions has changed dramatically, their color, smell, texture has changed, this should serve as a reason to visit a gynecologist. It must be remembered that a large number of pathologies are easier to prevent than to treat.

There is a misconception that vaginal discharge in a woman is a sign of pathology. In fact, the presence of a vaginal secret is the norm; it serves to protect the delicate mucosa from damage and infection. It is possible to determine whether everything is in order with women's health by the quantity and quality of the secret.

Vaginal discharge and their composition

Cervical fluid is very important for the normal functioning of the female reproductive system.

It consists of:

1. Cellular and fluid components. The lining of the uterus is constantly being renewed. Dying off, old cells come out, joining the vaginal secretion.
2. cervical mucus. Special glands of the cervix produce a secret that protects the genitals from the ingress and reproduction of pathogens of various diseases.
3. Bacteria and fungi of the vaginal flora. The microflora of the vagina consists of beneficial lactobacilli, in addition, it contains a small amount of opportunistic microorganisms. If the woman is healthy, then they die and are excreted with vaginal fluid.
4. Leukocytes. Their level determines the presence of inflammation. The limit of the norm is 10 pieces in a smear.

Discharge in women is present in a normal healthy state

The release of vaginal fluid occurs constantly, an increase in its amount can be observed if the woman is in a state of arousal.

The vaginal secret is necessary for:

• self-purification of the genital tract;
• maintaining the health of microflora;
• protection against pathogenic bacteria, rods, fungi;
• natural hydration during intercourse;
• removal of dead cells;
• protection of the fetus during gestation.

A very important function of the vaginal secret is a reflection of the pathological processes occurring in the woman's reproductive system.

Allocations are normal

The nature of the vaginal fluid for each woman is individual. According to doctors, the following is considered the norm:

An important characteristic is the color of the liquid. Normal secretions can be:

• transparent;
• white;
• beige;
• yellowish.

In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to other characteristics. The presence of any shade can be considered the norm if the woman does not feel discomfort, and there are no other warning signs.

Features of secretions depending on the phase of the cycle

For the first time, discharge is found in newborn girls, this occurs as a result of the influence of maternal hormones. Present for a short time, they disappear, and then they can be observed again before the start of the first menstruation.

In girls and women with an established cycle, the following changes in the nature of the discharge are observed:

1. in the first phase of the cycle. The liquid has a slightly sour smell, has a homogeneous structure, the amount of secretion is insignificant (no more than 2 ml per day). The consistency of the discharge is liquid or mucous. Color - transparent with a yellow or white tint. Many representatives of the weaker sex do not observe any discharge after critical days.
   Few discharges in the first phase of the cycle
2. in the ovulatory period. At this time, the discharge becomes plentiful, similar in appearance to the protein of a chicken egg. The slime can be easily stretched between the fingers. It can be white, transparent, with a beige tint. Some women during this period note the appearance of an admixture of blood in the vaginal fluid. It is on this basis that the most suitable moment for conception is determined.
   During ovulation, the discharge is viscous and resembles egg white
3. After ovulation and before the onset of menstruation. Allocations are present in small quantities, may disappear altogether. The vaginal secret is creamy or resembles jelly. Before the critical days themselves, smearing brownish discharge may be observed. Unpleasant smell and pain should be absent.
   After ovulation, the discharge looks like jelly

During the planning of the child, I learned to determine ovulation by the nature of the discharge, and this helped to conceive a baby quickly. After the end of the critical days, I felt dryness in the vagina, the discharge was insignificant. By the middle of the cycle, the amount of vaginal secretion increased significantly, it was transparent and viscous. During the day, the importance was constantly felt, despite the implementation of hygiene procedures. As soon as the fetal period ended, the discharge became thick and white, their number decreased. And a day or two before menstruation, viscous transparent mucus appeared again. After the birth of the child, another feature was discovered that manifested itself at the time of ovulation - there were bloody inclusions in the discharge or they acquired a brown tint. After visiting the doctor, it turned out that this is a variant of the norm.

Change in the nature of discharge is normal

Normally, the nature of the vaginal fluid can change with:

• bearing a child and after his birth;
• premenopause;
• lactation;
• taking birth control pills;
• some treatment.

The vaginal secret can change its characteristics with the onset of sexual activity. It also happens after the representative of the fair half has a new partner. The reason is that an alien microflora penetrates into the genital tract of a woman, this requires the body to adapt to it. It is important to ensure that this process is not accompanied by discomfort, which may indicate the development of any diseases.

The discharge may become less abundant if the woman is taking hormonal contraceptives. This is due to hormonal changes. When carrying a baby, the volume of secretions increases, this is facilitated by increased blood circulation. During menopause, the amount of secretion decreases, the woman feels dryness in the vagina.

During pregnancy, the discharge becomes more abundant

Being in an artificial menopause, I had a chance to experience unpleasant symptoms associated with the absence of vaginal discharge. The amount of secretion decreased very noticeably, which caused great discomfort, especially during sexual intercourse. Due to the dryness of the mucosa, urination also became painful.

During pregnancy, carefully monitor your discharge. A liquid secret in the third trimester may indicate that the process of amniotic fluid discharge has begun.

Unusual discharge may appear after sex:

• unprotected - the secret is transparent, thick, with a yellowish or white tint. After about six hours, the secretions increase in abundance, they liquefy;
• with a condom or after an interrupted act - scanty discharge of a creamy consistency. The color of the secret is white.

Various circumstances can temporarily affect the abundance, color of vaginal fluid. It is necessary to visit a doctor if the discharge smells bad, the woman feels discomfort in the form of burning, itching, pain.

Allocations for various diseases

The external characteristics of the discharge will help to suspect the presence of a pathology, but for an accurate diagnosis, you need to contact a specialist.

Some pathologies of the genital area and features of the discharge with them:

1. Trichomoniasis. Discharges are copious, white, greenish, brownish-yellow, mixed with pus, foul-smelling. The woman suffers from itching and burning sensations, urination is accompanied by discomfort.
2. Thrush. The discharge resembles cottage cheese, they are plentiful, thick. Pathology is accompanied by intense itching in the intimate area, irritation, redness and swelling.
3. Chlamydia. There is a discharge with a yellow tint, there is pain in the lower abdomen, discomfort is felt during urination.
4. Gonorrhea. In the presence of pathology, the secret is frothy, yellow-white in color, present in small quantities. The woman feels pain in the lower abdomen, suffers from painful urination. Spotting may appear in the middle of the cycle.
5. . Pathology can be accompanied by a variety of secretions. They can be liquid, watery, sometimes thick, with impurities of pus or blood, and an unpleasant odor.
6. Bacterial vaginosis. There is a copious discharge that is greyish-white or yellow in color with an unpleasant odor resembling fish. Symptoms worse after sex.
7. Oncology of the genital area. There are abundant secretions of a liquid consistency.

On personal experience, I had to feel all the delights of thrush. After a course of antibiotics, I developed curdled discharge with a sour smell, which was accompanied by unbearable itching and was quite plentiful. It was these lumps of white color on the underwear that made me run to the doctor. After a course of treatment, the symptoms disappeared without a trace.

Table: the nature of the discharge and possible pathologies

Characteristics of secretions	Possible pathologies
Colour
Grey-green	trichomoniasis; nonspecific vaginitis; colpitis.
Black	endometriosis; endometrial hyperplasia; polyps on the genitals.
greenish yellow	gonorrhea; nonspecific vaginitis.
White
Yellow	the presence of an inflammatory process
Various shades of red (bloody)	cervical erosion; fibroma; endometritis; sarcoma; adenomyosis; tumor.
Consistency
Curdled	thrush
watery	papillomavirus; cytomegalovirus; genital herpes.
reminiscent of cream	trichomoniasis; bacterial vaginosis, incl. gardnerellosis.
Mucous	gonorrhea
Foamy	chlamydia; mycoplasma infection; trichomoniasis.

Photo gallery: pathological discharge

Green, odorless discharge may be evidence of serious disorders Yellow discharge from the vagina - a symptom of an inflammatory disease Bloody discharge in the middle of the cycle is a reason to consult a gynecologist Black discharge from the genitals of a woman often indicates various diseases of the reproductive system. White discharge may be a sign of thrush

Video: what kind of discharge should alert women

Which doctor to visit for pathological vaginal discharge

In the presence of itching, burning, watery or mucous discharge that appeared after unprotected intercourse, you should contact a venereologist. It is also necessary to attend an appointment with this doctor if the discharge has an admixture of pus, and urination has become plentiful. The specialist will prescribe tests that will help determine the cause of these symptoms. After that, the necessary treatment will be recommended.

In all other cases, you need to contact a gynecologist. The reason for the appearance of secretions that have an unpleasant odor, different consistency and color can be physiological processes occurring in the body. Only a doctor will be able to determine whether they are a variant of the norm or a sign of pathology and will give the right advice in a given situation.

A change in the characteristics of the vaginal secretion does not always indicate the presence of a disease. The genital organs are a self-cleaning system, the causes of some changes in the color, abundance, consistency of the vaginal secretion may be nutritional features, the use of hygiene products, and stress. But if the violations did not go away after three days, then you need to visit a specialist.