Adventure - what is it? The Greatest Adventurers in History

Everyone at least once happened to hear the word adventurer. But not everyone understands it. What character trait is adventurism? Adventurer - who is it? These questions are very interesting, so let's figure out what qualities such individuals have and whether they are useful to a person.

Who are adventurers?

An adventurer is a person who is not afraid of the most daring ideas, he is an adventurer who takes risks without any hesitation.

Adventurism is called a special behavior of a person, expressed in his passion for adventure, incidents that can cause powerful emotions and an adrenaline rush.

This can manifest itself in extreme hobbies, risky ventures, lawless, fraudulent activities, dangerous "exploits" performed by a person just for the sake of entertainment. But is an adventurer always a rogue and a swindler?

How to recognize an adventurer?

Adventurism is an individual It may or may not be present in a particular person, which forms his propensity for adventures. If a person goes on dangerous deals without much hesitation, often argues and is not afraid to take risks, then they say that he has a “vein of adventurism”. These people are restless inventors and eternal adventurers.

An adventurer is a person who sets himself the most daring and extravagant tasks. All actions of such people are aimed at getting closer to the goal.

Adventurers are also characterized by such personality traits as maximalism, enthusiasm and qualities that do not allow them to stop in front of difficulties, moving towards their dreams. And the distorted sense of fear among adventurers can even push them to break the law, if this is necessary to achieve their goals as soon as possible.

Is it good or bad to have adventurism in your blood?

At first glance, adventurers live cheerfully and carefree, their life is never boring and monotonous. But there is also the flip side of the coin. Risk is the main companion of an adventurer. And this is the answer to the question why the life of many adventurers ends tragically.

The desire to get a mandatory dose of adrenaline sometimes makes them act outside the law. Not necessarily all adventurers are swindlers and swindlers, but almost every criminal has a craving for adventures, which makes him commit illegal actions for the sake of his goal.

Some are sure that an adventurer is a dishonest and unprincipled person. Partly so it also is. Adventurism as a character trait is not inherent in absolutely truthful and law-abiding citizens.

More about adventurers

If you think about it, it is adventurous people who most often become heroes of adventure films and books. This is all because their life is full of surprises and exciting, but not always safe events.

Probably the most famous adventurer in Soviet cinema is Ostap Bender. Both individual citizens and entire groups suffered from his ingenious scams. But at the same time, this character is optimistic, cheerful and savvy, which causes the sympathy of many film lovers.

Speaking of movie heroes, one cannot help but recall Agent 007 - a brave, courageous, courageous favorite of women. If the character of James Bond was not inherent in adventurism, he would hardly have been able to accomplish his feats.

The personality trait we are considering is characteristic even of some cartoon characters. The cartoon adventurer is His cunning friend Fox Alice has the same qualities. By all sorts of fraudulent means, this couple tried to extract the last money from poor Pinocchio.

As you can see, adventurism is not always bad, but at the same time it is not always good either. If this character trait is one of the facets of your personality, try to present and use it for the most positive purposes. If the soul asks for another adventure, remember that there are limits to the law and boundaries safe behavior to be followed.

"Adventure" is the word French descent, tightly embedded in everyday life Russian-speaking population throughout the globe. Adventures and their consequences can often be heard in the media, especially on TV and on the Internet. Those who are not familiar with this term run the risk of missing the mass interesting stories with the most, that neither is, juicy details.

The meaning of the word "adventure"

An adventure is called an enterprise with high risks and doubtful outcome. Often an adventure is not something planned, has no guarantees, but in the event of an unlikely success, it promises a huge jackpot.

The man who is called an adventurer is ready for risky actions which often become the meaning of his life. He stakes everything he has, whether it be material wealth or just personal well-being, for the sake of huge money or another mysterious prize worth a lot of effort and fraught with dangers and vicissitudes. For example:

1. Bet a huge amount of money on an underdog horse at the races.
2. Become a lover dignitary, knowing that his / her husband / wife, having learned about the betrayal, will not leave you alive.
3. Quit school/work/quiet life to go to the mountains or the Yukon and become a prospector.
4. Save money for years for an apartment/car/other valuable thing, and then invest everything in a startup that will "shoot" with a probability of less than 1%.
5. Read the legend of ancient treasures in an old shabby book and go in search of them.

Often it is adventures that become plots for books, films and others. works of art.

Synonyms for this word

There are quite a lot of synonyms for the word "adventure". It all depends on what emotional coloring the speaker gives to the word. You can say with admiration:

• A gamble is an adventure, a bold act, a risky venture.

With irony and sarcasm:

• Adventure - stupidity, a rash decision, a dubious act.

Interested:

• Adventure - adventure, adventure, danger, risk.

Interestingly, the English analogue of this word - adventure - literally translates as "adventure".

Great Adventurers

Now, having figured out what the word "adventurer" means, you can look at the fascinating adventures of the most famous and scandalous adventurers in history.

Mata Hari - a girl from a wealthy Dutch family, the daughter of a hat merchant, long years posing as the daughter of an Indian emperor and becoming the most famous dancer in Paris. Put everything on the line, including own life, for the sake of money and luxury.

Giacomo Casanova - writer, poet, alchemist and famous womanizer. For him, adventure is the meaning of life. He changed thousands of professions and provoked thousands of scandals, pursuing a single goal: the search for the woman he loved. He was so bold and self-confident that he easily tempted both maids and aristocrats, and even ruling classes.

Emma Hamilton - a woman with a "dubious" past, wife of Lord Hamilton and mistress of Admiral Nelson, who put everything at stake for the sake of Great love and the desire to build a happy family life. Her adventure is a story of great fortune and great disappointment: going out into elite and return to the bottom.

Count Cagliostro is a native of Sicily, a man of poor origin, who gained fame for himself by daring fraud, theatrical lies and playing on human weaknesses.

D "Eon Chevalier - a French aristocrat of the 18th century, who fooled high society all his life, presenting him with a man or a woman. He went on adventures with dressing up for his own pleasure and fun. Interestingly, his real gender was never found out.

Fyodor Tolstoy is a controversial figure in the Russian aristocracy. He participated in a round-the-world trip on the Kruzenshtern ship, quarreled everyone many times, and as a result, he was landed in Kamchatka for unpleasant behavior. Subsequently, he proudly spoke about his journey from there back to Russia, showed tattoos of aborigines and grew rich on the attention to his person. For him, adventure is fun, entertainment and just fun game.

Summarizing

Adventurism is not a vice or a compliment. This, one might say, is the way of life of a brave person who does not strive for what would be happiness for everyone else. It is not worth judging for adventurism, but it would be strange and stupid to strive for it without having a subconscious craving. One thing remains: if there were no adventurers in our world, it would be much more boring.

An adventurous person: how to live with him under the same roof?

Most importantly, you must clearly understand that if your husband or wife is adventurous people, then you have a chance to bring your family ship to the shores of prosperity. Otherwise, you may face severe trials in the form of poverty, deprivation of the attention of friends and relatives, constant quarrels with the second half.

How to understand that your spouse is an adventurer by nature?
In no case do not confuse adventurers and swindlers: the latter seek to deceive you, while the former sincerely believe in all their ideas. It often seems to them that they grabbed the firebird by the tail, which from now on will fulfill all their desires. But you must understand that the predictions that your beloved husband or wife builds are far from reality: everything will turn out not at all the way he (or she) imagines it.

Real life example
Let's say you have some savings. Your husband (or wife) suggests that you invest all your money in some business that, in his opinion, should bring huge profits. There is no reason that this will be so, except for the firm faith of your beloved or beloved, there is no. That is, you have neither knowledge in this area, nor certain connections, nor, in the end, extra money, but your husband (or wife) is burning with this idea. The whole day from morning to night, he (or she) makes bright plans about how you will live on the money you earn, how all your big and small problems will be solved, how your friends and acquaintances will begin to envy you. As soon as you give in at such a moment, get money from the treasured box (or withdraw it from the savings deposit) - and after some time changes will definitely await you, but not in better side, because you will remain "at zero", that is, without savings.

How will your spouse explain all this to you?
You're just out of luck: the plan itself was just wonderful! Some kind of fate intervened, someone's black envy played a role, there were not enough funds - if there were more money, everything could have turned out quite differently!

Options for the "future"
As you understand, the options for the "future" can be very different: your loved one can push you to the idea of ​​quitting your job, changing your profession, moving to a new place of residence - do anything, just do not stand still! For an adventurous person, the result is not as important as the idea itself - he must always go towards something good! As soon as you stop admiring his plans, he immediately decides to find a replacement for you: he (or she) will not be able to live with people who do not understand him and do not support successful "creative" finds.

How to build a family with such a person?
No one said that such a person is deprived good qualities: he can be kind, attentive, caring, generous - loving wife(or spouse). Do not get divorced just because your other half constantly needs some kind of novelty in life, at least in the form of a ghostly hope. Therefore, let's decide how to build a relationship with such a person:
1. Be sure to listen to him and at the moment when he is passionate, do not argue with him - let him enjoy the very idea.
2. Pretend that you support his (or her) initiative in every possible way, but big money do not give, do not make drastic changes.
3. In order not to offend your spouse or spouse with your refusal - to play for time, to postpone the undertaking under some plausible pretext: perhaps the ideological inspirer of the planned event will cool down himself, that is, change his mind about starting any changes.
4. In no case should you succumb to persuasion to lend money, take a loan - in especially difficult cases, you can “lose” your passports for a while, warn friends so that they, under no pretext, lend money.
5. Throw small harmless ideas to your spouse or wife, that is, distract from grandiose plans: you can start some kind of vacation or weekend trip, organize a reception, buy some expensive equipment - avoid routine in every possible way family life, try to diversify it in all available ways, including romantic dinners with candles.

There are no people without flaws. If your other half has a difficult character, he (or she) is prone to adventurous actions, learn to understand your loved one and prevent his reckless steps. And then everything in your family life will be fine!

Definition

adventures there may be daring exploits, exciting adventures, aimless adventures, unexpected incidents, major life accomplishments, or business ventures. adventurous developments generate psychological and physiological excitement, which can be both negative and positive. For some people, adventure, a risky adventure becomes the main business of life (see. extreme views sports: street, parkour, etc.). Milan Kundera defines adventure as "the passionate discovery of the unknown."

Adventure is a concept used in many contexts and situations. For example, it is a key component of stories, legends and fairy tales, dramas and plays; used in the plots and plots of books, films, music and computer games. Adventure also used in education, sports, tourism and other forms of entertainment. Examples of such adventurous genres of use adventures include:

• Adventure film is a genre of film.
• Adventure game is a computer game genre.
• Adventurous education - the use of discussing and challenging the unexpected events for learning.
• Adventurous racing involves competition between participants; extreme sports.
• Adventure tourism offers tourists the opportunity to have exciting journeys full of encounters and unexpected obstacles.

Adventurer

The character of the play about the XVIII century.

List of adventurers

In the history of Europe XVII-XIX centuries. it is customary to single out a category of people of dubious, sometimes scandalous, reputation, which left a noticeable mark on the events of that era. As a rule, they traveled widely, were actively involved in politics, were suspected of espionage and had unidentified sources of income or were impostors, or simply attributed to themselves an aristocratic or exotic origin. Especially famous are the French adventurers of the 18th century. Epithet "adventurer" in this context, it is correct to use for characters who acted approximately before the First World War, i.e. in old Europe.

As a separate category in the Russian language, conquistadors and other travelers-discoverers should be considered, although in English language they are often referred to as adventurers.

XVII-XVIII centuries

Mata Hari. She was the daughter of a Dutch shopkeeper, spread the rumor that she was the daughter of an Indian princess. Shot for espionage.

XIX-XX centuries

• Lola Montes - dancer, mistress of Ludwig I of Bavaria
• Tolstoy, Fedor Ivanovich (American)

External links

• Adventure romance. Dictionary of literary terms.

see also

Notes

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Adventurer" is in other dictionaries:

1) an adventurer for the purpose of enrichment, fame or for the love of strong sensations; 2) rogue, rogue. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Pavlenkov F., 1907. ADVENTURER 1) adventurer, 2) rogue, rogue. Full … Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language- ADVENTURER, ah, husband. An unscrupulous person engaged in adventures. | female adventurer, and | adj. adventurous, oh, oh. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

adventurer- Big Adventurer Creepy Adventurer Big Adventurer Notorious Adventurer Hardcore Adventurer... Dictionary of Russian Idioms

adventurer- ADVENTURER, a, m A person who is prone to risky, thoughtless actions, calculated on easy, random success; frivolous and unprincipled person. // well an adventurer, and, pl. current, date weaves. No, God save and have mercy on ... ... Explanatory dictionary of Russian nouns

Adventurer. Adventurer, imka rogue. Wed It's me, you understand... an adventurer, a swindler, a crow that has flown into high mansions... Markevich. A quarter of a century ago. 2, 4. Cf. An adventurer, my mother once said of her. She is an adventurer... Michelson's Big Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)

M. 1. One who is prone to adventures. 2. Adventurer. Explanatory Dictionary of Ephraim. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern dictionary Russian language Efremova

Adventurer, adventurers, adventurer, adventurers, adventurer, adventurers, adventurer, adventurers, adventurer, adventurers, adventurer, adventurers (

Lord, how boring we live! We lose the spirit of adventurism! We stopped climbing through the windows to our beloved women ...

Irony of Fate or Enjoy Your Bath!

Throwing yourself headlong into an incomprehensible adventure is stupidity the highest degree. But still such a seductive stupidity!

Oleg Roy. gliding wanderer

Adventurism as a quality of personality - a tendency to unreasonably risky, dubious, dangerous enterprises, to adventures undertaken on the basis of chance success and motivated solely or predominantly by the need for sensory diversity, vivid impressions, in thrills, and often also in fame and glory.

Adventurism is enterprising recklessness. The pawn crossed the entire field - evading knights and bishops, making its way between the towers, bypassing the queen. It was difficult, but I got through it. He stands on the last cell, wiping sweat from his forehead. Her voice from the sky: - Congratulations! Now you can finally become a queen! - I do not want. - Your right. You can choose. Do you want an officer? - No, I don't want to. - Horse? - What more! - Who then? - I want to walk. - But why? - Yes, so ... I like it. - But why then it was necessary to go through the whole field, take risks?! - Yes, I decided to see if I can. I did.

Adventurism is eccentric riskiness. Riskiness is reasonable, because it is able to adequately assess the probable danger under conditions of uncertainty and make a choice of rational behavior leading to the achievement of goals and the fulfillment of intentions - success. In contrast to riskiness, adventurism as a personality trait, despite the fact that it is presented most often in a romantic, attractive form, is inherent, as a rule, in psychopathic personalities in whom the passion for "adventure", "incidents", "impressions" rages, the search for everything new and new sources of "adrenaline".

There are so many examples in history when prisoners infected with adventurism make a crazy escape without any chance of success a few days before the end of their term. Describing the adventurism of convicts, F.M. Dostoevsky in the story “Notes from the House of the Dead” reports on risky and doomed to failure escapes only and dreaming of their “freedom” of convicts, whose term of imprisonment was coming to an end and who saw in the dangers of escape hardly not the main meaning of his monotonous life both in prison and earlier, outside it.

Famous adventurer Sonya Golden Pen planned her first escape from Sakhalin Island together with the prisoner Flea. Abandoning his escape plan, she offered her theatrical adventure - to play a hard labor trip. Having changed into a soldier's dress, she began to escort Bloch. Bloch was the first to be caught. Sonya, who continued on her way alone, got lost and went to the cordon. For an adventurous secondary escape, she was handed over to the terrible Sakhalin executioner Komlev. Stripped naked, surrounded by hundreds of prisoners, under their encouraging hooting, the executioner inflicted fifteen lashes on her. Sonya Golden Hand did not utter a sound, crawled up to her room and fell on the bunk. For two years and eight months, Sonya wore hand shackles and was kept in a damp solitary confinement with a dim tiny window closed with a frequent lattice. When the authorities made her an indulgence, she decided on a new escape. She walked about two miles and, having lost strength, fell. The guards found her. A few days later, the Golden Pen died.

Adventurism is incompetent actions carried out without taking into account the specific situation. This is a neglect of risks, realistic estimates and forecasts. This is ignoring the specifics of the real situation and the balance of power. For example, the adventurism of N.S. Khrushchev, combined with other qualities inherent in him - voluntarism and impulsiveness, almost led to the third world war in 1962, after he instructed to place Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. The Cuban Missile Crisis lasted 38 days. The world was on the brink nuclear war and complete destruction. Inside the country, the spike of Khrushchev’s adventurism and voluntarism resulted in the dominance of corn, the destruction of household plots, the mass slaughter of livestock, the plowing of virgin lands, and, as an apotheosis of adventurism, a solemn promise given Soviet people at the 20th Congress of the CPSU, to build communism before 1980, leaving America far behind. All sources of social wealth, according to the adventurous Khrushchev, should have flowed in full flow and led to the implementation of the great principle "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." People joked: - Communism. A notice hangs on the door of a grocery store: "Today there is no need for bread, butter and meat." That is, political adventurism corrupts and splits society, plunges it into an abyss of disbelief. People see that an adventurous politician is irresponsible, arrogant and deceitful.

Adventurism easily finds allies in the face of a number of personality traits - greed, frivolity, suggestibility, conformity and gullibility. A person with shown adventurism loves diversity, change, space, he loves to appear before others in a new capacity. The great Italian adventurer Giovanni Giacomo Casanova appeared before his contemporaries as a writer, translator, chemist, mathematician, historian, financier, lawyer, diplomat, musician, as well as a gambler, lover, duelist, secret agent, alchemist.

AT Russian history many examples of adventurers. Suffice it to recall the adventurous couple of False Dmitry I (Grishka Otrepyev) and Marina Mnishek. This married couple is undoubtedly one of the hundred greatest adventurers in world history. Young Otrepiev was a dissolute scoundrel. Throwing off his monastic robes, he fled to Lithuania and declared himself a prince - the son of Ivan the Terrible. The Polish king Sigismund III and the first dignitaries of the state, including Chancellor Lev Sapieha, became interested in the adventure of dethronement. Historian - biographer I.A. Muratov says that in the service of the chancellor, a certain serf Petrushka, a Moscow fugitive, came to Moscow at the age of one as a prisoner. Secretly indulging in intrigue, Sapega announced that his servant, who was now called Yuri Petrovsky, knew Tsarevich Dmitry well from Uglich. When meeting with the impostor, Petrushka, however, could not find anything to say. Then Otrepiev, saving the case, himself "recognized" the former servant and with great confidence began to question him. Here the serf also recognized the "prince" by characteristic signs: a wart near the nose and unequal length of the arms. As you can see, Otrepiev's signs were told to the serf in advance by those who prepared the staging. Sapieha rendered the impostor an invaluable service. At the same time, Yuri Mnishek began to openly patronize him. One of Mniszek's lackeys also "recognized" Tsarevich Dmitry in Otrepiev.

Taking advantage of the discontent of the people from the reign of Boris Godunov, False Dmitry led a campaign against Moscow. Soon he was already in Moscow. On May 8, 1606, an impostor was married to Marina Mnishek in Moscow. Tsar Dmitry was popular among Muscovites, but they were annoyed by foreigners who arrived in the capital in the retinue of the Mnisheks. The penniless gentry boasted that they had planted "their tsar" in Moscow. Taking advantage of the irritation of the Muscovites against the Poles, who came to Moscow with Marina and allowed themselves various outrages, the rebellious boyars, led by Vasily Shuisky, sounded the alarm on the night of May 16-17, announced to the fleeing people that the Poles were beating the tsar, and, sending the crowds to the Poles , themselves broke into the Kremlin. False Dmitry, who spent the night in the chambers of the queen, rushed to his palace to find out what was happening. Seeing the crowd approaching the Kremlin (of the 100 “Germans” guarding the tsar, Shuisky prudently sent 70 people away in the evening; the rest could not resist and laid down their arms), the tsar tried to go down from the window through the scaffolding arranged for illumination. If he had managed to leave the Kremlin, who knows how events would have turned out. But he stumbled, fell and injured his leg. False Dmitry tried at first to defend himself, then he ran to the archers, but the latter, under the pressure of boyar threats, betrayed him, and he was shot by Valuev. The people were told that the tsar was an impostor. His body was burned and, having loaded the cannon with the ashes, they shot in the direction from which he had come.

Marina was saved literally by a miracle. Running out of the bedroom, she stumbled upon the conspirators on the stairs, but, fortunately, was not recognized. The queen rushed to the chambers of her court ladies and, as they said, hid under the skirt of the chamberlain Barbara Kazanovskaya (her distant relative). Soon the conspirators broke into the room. The only defender of Marina - her page Matvey Osmolsky - fell under the bullets, bleeding. One of the women was mortally wounded. The crowd behaved extremely obscenely and with abusive words demanded to know where the king and his "heretic" wife were. The boyars took everything from her: her husband's gifts, money and jewelry, a rosary and a cross with relics. Marina, however, did not regret the loss too much. According to rumors, she declared that she would rather have the Negro child, which was taken from her, rather than all the jewelry and headdresses, be returned to her. Marina was blinded by the gleam of the crown, not the gleam of gold. And then, and later, she was not looking for wealth and not even power as such, but honor, brilliance. Soon the Mnisheks, their relatives and servants (375 people in total) were exiled by Shuisky to Yaroslavl. The death of the first impostor did not discourage his supporters. One of the close associates of the murdered tsar, Mikhail Molchanov, fled from Moscow to the Commonwealth in the May days of 1606, telling along the way about the miraculous salvation of the deceased. Many believed (especially since the torn corpse exhibited by the Shuiskys on Red Square in a buffoon mask was unrecognizable). It was also advantageous for Mniszek to believe this news. False Dmitry II appeared in Starodub in the middle of 1607. In May 1608, the impostor's troops, consisting of Poles, Ukrainians, Belarusians and Russians, defeated Shuisky near Volkhov.

Meanwhile, the indefatigable Mnishek was bargaining with another "son-in-law". False Dmitry spared no promises. Mniszek was promised 300,000 zlotys (but only on the condition that Moscow was taken), and in addition the entire Seversk land and most of Smolenskaya. On September 14, the contract was signed. On September 20, 1608, one of the leaders of the Tushins, the Lithuanian magnate Jan Petr Sapega, solemnly escorted Marina to the camp of False Dmitry II. Apparently, a few days later, a Catholic priest secretly married Marina with the “king”. Fearing that he would be handed over to the king, at the end of December 1609 the impostor fled from Tushin to Kaluga. Marina was left alone in the camp. On January 5 (15), 1610, she turned to the king with a request for guardianship and help. “If happiness willfully played with someone,” Marina wrote, “it’s me; for it elevated me from the gentry class to the heights of the Muscovite kingdom, from which it pushed me into a terrible prison, and from there it led me to an imaginary freedom, from which it plunged me into a freer, but also more dangerous bondage ... The perverse fortune deprived me of everything, only the legal the right to the Moscow throne remained with me, sealed by the crowning of the kingdom, approved by the recognition of me as the heiress and the double oath of all state Moscow ranks.

Sigismund in every possible way dragged out negotiations with the Tushino people. Then Marina tried to influence the army. Going around the camp, she managed to raise a significant part of the Don Cossacks and some other detachments. But Ruzhinsky managed to suppress this speech. Fearing punishment and, probably, extradition to the king, Marina fled from Tushin, dressed in a man's outfit. Why did she risk herself, hastening to her previously hated husband, abandoned on a false throne? It was the same pride that drove her. Marina could not, did not want to admit defeat. In a message to the army, left in her tent, she wrote: “I am leaving for the protection good name, virtue itself, - for, being the mistress of the peoples, the queen of Moscow, I can’t return to the estate of a Polish gentry and become a subject again ... ”The brilliance of the royal crown was fleeting, like a sunbeam, but there was no turning back. Having gone astray, Marina ended up in Dmitrov, occupied by the troops of Jan Peter Sapieha. The Tushino “hetman” advised her to return, and again the answer was: “Should I, the queen of all Russia, appear in such a despicable form to my relatives? I am ready to share with the king everything that God sends down to him. Going to Kaluga, Marina decided to go to the end. But first, Dmitrov was besieged by the troops of Prince Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky. The assault was short-lived (due to lack of supplies), the besieged did not behave very bravely. It was said that Marina herself climbed the wall of the fortress and shamed the soldiers, citing herself as an example: "What are you doing, cowards, I'm a woman, and I'm not confused."

After a series of military failures, Marina and False Dmitry had to flee to Kaluga. They were accompanied by 500 Cossacks. December 12, 1610 False Dmitry II was killed. Marina was shocked by the news of her husband's death. She was almost the only one who mourned him sincerely. pregnant, on recent months, the queen "ran out of the castle, tore her hair and, not wanting to live without a friend, asked to be killed too." It is said that she even inflicted wounds on herself (fortunately, not dangerous). The inhabitants of Kaluga at first treated her with sympathy. But the boyars, who wanted to swear allegiance to Prince Vladislav, sent her into custody. In early January 1611, her son was born, baptized Orthodox rite and in honor of the "grandfather" named Ivan. During the turmoil, Marina's four-year-old son was publicly hanged outside the Serpukhov Gate. The death of Marina herself, which followed soon, in the same 1614, is mysterious. In Kolomna, the Marinka Tower was shown in the local Kremlin, where the former tsarina allegedly died in custody. But the chronicle sparingly noted that "Marinka died in Moscow." Maybe her death was hastened - it’s not difficult to kill a person in prison ... Pushkin once said that Marina Mnishek “was the strangest of all pretty women, blinded by only one passion - ambition, but in a degree of energy, fury, which is difficult to imagine ".

Petr Kovalev 2013