High degree of empathy. Definition of empathy in psychology: what it is and what it affects in life

We are grateful to those people who, in difficult times, found the right words and were nearby. But, unfortunately, not all acquaintances and friends can do this. Sometimes a complete stranger expresses understanding and participation in the problem. What is the rationale for such behavior?

Empathy in psychology - the meaning of the concept

We often come across this concept. What do we think about when we hear or read such a word on the news?

Empathy in psychology is the ability to sympathize, empathize with the problems of another person. It also means the ability of the subject to perceive all the experiences and fears of another person, while understanding that they do not apply to you.

This is a necessary quality for professionals whose profession is to work with people. The meaning of this term may vary depending on the context. For example, in medicine, this word refers to the process of understanding the patient (in psychology, empathy of listening).

The doctor during the reception of the patient listens attentively to him, clearly showing that he understands what the patient is talking about. The purpose of this behavior is to show the patient that he is supported and to encourage frank dialogue, thereby allowing the doctor to most accurately determine the diagnosis.

The ability to empathize for psychologists, doctors, teachers is considered the norm. But people of other professions can also have this quality, because support is needed not only in the professional plane, but also interpersonally. The level of development of such a quality as empathy in psychology is determined large quantity various techniques.

What types of this emotional state are there?

There are several types of empathy:

1. Emotional - based on the mechanisms of psychological defense, projection and imitation. A person perceives the pain and experiences of another as his own, repeating after him all the actions, emotions and some words.
2. Cognitive - the subject compares or analyzes the situation, puts himself in the place of a suffering person.
3. Predicative empathy in psychology is the ability of one person to guess the reactions of another in certain circumstances. Having it, you can prevent a quarrel, conflict or dangerous situations.

To special forms empathy refers to sympathy and empathy.

Levels of development of this state

Empathy in psychology is not just a concept, but also a state that can be developed and improved. There are 3 levels of development of this quality.

Second: it requires some skills in order to be able to "read" the gestures and facial expressions of the speaker.

Third: a person is so empathic that he can control the emotions of another. Such people can easily bring others out of a state of shock, the power of negative emotions.

How is empathy related to psychotherapy?

Carl Rogers assigns a key role to this concept. In his works, he notes that empathy is the main setting of the therapist in medical relationships and the main condition for changing the personality of the client himself.

Empathy in psychology, its definition is as follows: it is difficult process, which involves the acceptance of the role and understanding of the experiences and attitudes of another person. But we must understand that this is not just the ratio and acceptance of the feelings of another person, but also a view from the outside, that is, the ability to abstract in time.

Help psychology: altruism, selfishness, empathy

In the science that studies the characteristics of the human soul, there is even a book with that title. Indeed, all three personality traits are interconnected. The concept of "empathy" in psychology is the antonym of egoism, as well as the basis for altruism.

Altruism implies gratuitous help to every person who needs it.

Egoism is a quality of personality in which own interests are brought to the fore.

But there are certain situations in which altruism and empathy can be insincere, such as helping as an attempt to disguise one's selfishness. By doing altruistic deeds, we grow in our own eyes. A vivid example of this is the statements of donors: "Donation helps us to respect ourselves, increases our own importance in our eyes."

But altruism has weak side. If we ask a girl who works as a volunteer why she does it, then it is quite logical to hear the answer: "To receive an internal reward." Thus, the girl satisfies her own personal interests. Our desire to help others may be dictated by personal needs to earn reward or avoid punishment - these are signs of selfishness.

After conducting many studies on the topic of altruism, the researchers came to the conclusion that in some cases people are able to act based not on personal interests, but on the basis of a desire to help another person without demanding anything in return. There is also an opinion that empathy-driven altruism is part of human nature. Therefore, to the question: "Empathy in psychology - what is it?" - we can safely say that this is a personality trait that helps a person become noble, wise and altruistic.

How does empathy work in life? Examples

Examples of empathy in psychology, in ordinary life occur frequently. This quality is especially manifested between close people, as well as in relationships with children.

We all remember the phrase from childhood: "Put yourself in the place of this or that person." In this way, our loved ones tried to encourage us to take on the burden of another, feeling what he is going through. A prime example is the acting. Each actor before the performance is simply obliged to "enter" the image of the character. Also, the viewer can feel the character of the hero he is watching.

Empathy in psychology as a sensory characteristic has been with a person from the very beginning. The ability to solve problems, cooperate and find one's place in society was the most important necessity for survival. The manifestation of empathy can be seen at the earliest stages of human development. A baby may cry if he hears another baby crying. This is one type of empathic behavior.

Let's give some examples. One of the students did not pass the exam, while the whole group passed with "excellent". All fellow students empathize and try to cheer up the student who did not have time to prepare. Relatives who came to the funeral also empathize with the widow.

The Benefits of Empathy in Interpersonal Communication

Empathy in the psychology of communication is quite effective tool communication between people. You just need to learn how to properly use this tool in Everyday life. Intuition helps some very well, someone has to put themselves in the place of another person.

Empathic behavior among women is very common. They are accustomed to emotionality, listening to stories and help. Therefore, empathy in their case is a very good tool for achieving goals. For men, it's different. They are not used to showing their emotions, so for them this process is not so emotional.

With the help of empathy and sympathy, you can achieve a good location, become closer to another person. This will allow you to be more sensual and understand emotional condition other people. People are accustomed to trust those who understand them, who listen carefully and show interest in what is happening.

Development of empathy

Developing the ability to empathize is not so difficult. All you need is the desire and time for special trainings. These exercises are best done in a group of people. This group can be your family, colleagues or friends.

1. Exercise "Guess". Each participant is given a piece of paper on which any feeling or emotion is written. The task of the participants is to depict the written word, and the rest must guess it.
2. "Mirror and Monkey". All participants are divided into pairs. Everyone has a role: one is a mirror, the other is a monkey. The task of the "Monkey" is to show various gestures and facial expressions. The task of the "Mirror" is to repeat all this. After five minutes, the participants change roles, and everything happens again.
3. "Telephone". The participant is given the task of talking on the phone with an imaginary wife, girlfriend, or company director. When speaking, not a single sound is uttered, it is replaced by pantomime. The task of the other participants is to guess who the participant is talking to.

Here are a few exercises. In fact, there are many more. It is best to work them out in a training group.

What kind of empathic person is he?

People with a high level of empathy are kind, compassionate, and sociable. They do not have a habit of blaming others for any unpleasant events in their lives. They don't demand harsh punishments.

Persons who have low level empathy, unfriendly, aggressive and rather closed.

There are also people with a hypertrophied level of empathy. They fail to control their state of boundless love or hate, and often it takes a painful form.

It often happens that such people are very worried about those who have some problems. This causes great damage to their health, especially cardiovascular system. Therefore, such people should learn to control their experiences so that there are no complications in the future.

Being an empathic person is a huge gift. Some really need to learn empathy and empathy. Perhaps if each person could accept and understand the pain of another, there would be fewer troubles and wars on our land.

- the ability to understand the feelings and emotions of other people, as well as adequately respond to them. The ability of a person to empathize is considered an important component of the personality, which determines its relationship with others.

Empathy is the ability to understand and empathize

Types of empathy

The word "empathy" comes from the Greek phrase "ἐν πάθος", which translates as "in feeling". In psychology, this term means the ability to understand any emotions of people around, as well as empathize with them.

In medicine, “empathy” is often referred to as “empathic listening”: this is the name for empathy with a person’s feelings, clearly demonstrated by an empath. Empathic listening is widely used by psychiatrists in communication with the patient: it allows a person to understand that the doctor not only listens, but also understands his condition well.

The following types of feelings of empathy are distinguished:

1. Emotional subspecies based on the emotional perception of human feelings.
2. A cognitive type based on the intellectual perception of other people's feelings: with the help of comparisons, analogies, drawing parallels.
3. Predicative empathy, manifested in the ability to predict the emotional responses and reactions of another person in specific situations.
4. Empathy, characterized by experiencing the emotional states of another person by identifying oneself with him.
5. Compassion, which is social aspect, expressing the state of an empath about the experiences of other people.

Experts emphasize that an empathic person must be aware that the feelings he experiences reflect the emotions of another person, but are not his own. If there is no such understanding, the state of empathy is not considered.

Empathy levels

The development of empathy begins in infancy. The older a person becomes, and the more life experience he acquires, the better and easier he understands the feelings of others. But still, regardless of age, the ability to empathize is manifested in people to varying degrees.

It is very important for a person to become happy, to live surrounded by loving and understanding people. In order to feel the harmony and happiness of life, you need to be able to sympathize, understand other people. The amazing feeling that this opportunity gives is called empathy.

Explaining what empathy is, this gift can be defined armed with knowledge Greek. In Greek, "empathy" means "compassion, empathy." In simple terms, an empathic person subtly perceives the feelings and emotions of others, he knows how to deeply sympathize with people. At the same time, the empath does not lose control over his own feelings.

Empathy - the ability to feel others

Empathy is a unique ability, it is not given to every person. For the first time this term was introduced into scientific use by the famous psychotherapist Edward Titchner. Scientists have developed a scale for determining empathy level in humans, the principles of its classification. His developments are also used in modern psychology.

According to psychologists, now an urgent problem modern society there is a severe lack of empathy. Leading psychologist Douglas Labier even coined the definition of EDE (Empathy Deficiency Syndrome).

This magical ability There are many classifications and types. Empathy can exist in a pure (classical) form, or it can include various additional aspects.

Emotions of others as if they were your own

Empathy is the ability of a person to subtly perceive other people's troubles. She never found a rational explanation. Empathic perception does not depend on the intellectual level, education of a person. Most scientists are inclined to believe that empathy is an ability transmitted at the gene level.

What is empathy

This skill is an important addition to professional activity many experts:

• psychoanalysts get a complete picture of the mental and emotional state of the patient;
• for psychologists, empathy is an important lever for understanding the interlocutor and accurately identifying problematic states;
• for criminalists, such a gift helps to collect bit by bit the slightest nuances about the thoughts and feelings of the victim/criminal;
• doctors can assess how ready the patient is for medical manipulations and how effectively the patient responds to treatment;

Empathy is considered not only important, but also necessary quality for people. This is especially true for those whose labor activity is directly related to communication: teachers, educators, managers, agents, leaders, sellers, cosmetologists, stylists.

How empathy is born

It is possible to notice that a person subtly perceives the feelings of others already in early childhood. Little Empaths:

1. They react too actively to any manifestation of parental emotions. To quarrels, the increased timbre of the voice answers with crying.
2. Somatic problems also appear: the baby's face turns red, the heart begins to beat more often, and there is increased sweating.

Scientists note that empathic babies are more likely to appear in families where parents show great attention to the feelings of other people. Innate empathy can fade over time or become stronger and clearer. A warm, trusting atmosphere in the family, competent upbringing based on caring for others helps to strengthen the ability to feel.

What does the ability to empathize depend on?

Empathy in psychology is a complex science based on the primary sincere disposition towards the interlocutor, the desire to understand and listen to him. The empathic gift is also affected by a number of other personal qualities(character, level of education, intelligence):

1. Such qualities as pedantry, severity, dryness interfere with the full manifestation of empathic abilities.
2. If a person has egocentrism (focusing attention on his own person), empathy is unfamiliar to him.
3. Not enough high level intelligence prevents the empath from adequately assessing the situation. Such a person will incorrectly justify the feelings of the interlocutor.

More often, individuals with a high threshold of intellectual and spiritual development are prone to manifestations of true, deep empathy. Such people are able to closely contact with the emotions of others, passing them through themselves. They are intuitively aware of the thoughts that torment their interlocutors, and adequately assess the emotional states of their opponents.

In addition to the ability to empathize and subtly feel the emotions of others, empaths can also vividly perceive exciting situations from books, films, and theatrical productions.

Is it good to be an empath?

Having learned what empathy is, many people seek to develop such abilities in themselves. But do not rush into the pool with your head. Empathy is an important skill, but it needs to be used wisely. Many possessors of the gift are tormented by it. After all, it is extremely important for empaths to have a strong will and a strong, mature character. Otherwise, coping with the influx of other people's emotions becomes an impossible task.

After all, in addition to invaluable advantages:

• the ability to help family and friends;
• resolution of any conflict situations;
• impossibility to be deceived and to be deceived;
• excellent prospects for professionalism.

Empathy also has its downsides. reverse side medals. The disadvantages of this ability include:

• frequent feeling of emptiness;
• the risk of developing mental disorders;
• rapid emotional "burnout";
• lack of reciprocity, which adds unnecessary experiences;
• a heightened perception of moral pain that empaths cannot resist.

Features of the manifestation of empathic inclinations are individual. They depend on the level and type of gift to which a certain person is inclined.

Types of empathic abilities

Among specialists there is a developed classification that defines the categories, forms and degrees of empathic abilities. The gradation was developed by Carl Ransome Rogers (American educator and psychologist).

The main categories of empathy

Categories of empathy

According to psychological classification, the empathic gift is divided into three types:

emotional. An emotionally empathic person is a person who perceives other people's experiences very closely. They literally pass them through themselves, taking the pain of the interlocutor as their own. At any moment they respond to the misfortune of outsiders and always come to the rescue.

Emotional empathy is the most common, and it is on it that friendly and understanding relationships are built.

cognitive. The gift of this level is based on the ability to analyze the information received. Cognitive empaths first do comparative characteristic, analyzing their own thoughts and thoughts of opponents.

Such people not only subtly perceive and feel the emotions of the interlocutors, but also connect their own intellect in order to thoroughly analyze the events. Their important task is to realize and fully understand. This kind of empathy is observed in scientific disputes and discussions.

Predicative. "Predicate" means "some statement about a certain subject." This level of empathic ability is based on the ability to predict the behavior and feelings of opponents on an intuitive level. More clearly, such manifestations are observed with any conflict situations and quarrels. A predicative empath is able to put himself in the place of the interlocutor and understand his experiences “from the inside”, not contemplating, but penetrating deep into.

All categories of empathic abilities are observed in every person, to one degree or another. The level of their development depends on the nature of the personality, temperamental characteristics and the development of brain activity.

Forms of Empathic Ability

In empaths, psychologists also distinguish between two separate types of empathic state:

1. Sympathy. An ability that is formed on the appearance of a personal sensual attitude to an event that happens to an opponent.
2. Empathy. Empathic empathy is based on the emergence of persistent emotions in the empath, the same that the interlocutor experiences.

How do they manifest different forms empathy can be understood by observing the reaction of the empath. For example, if during a conversation an opponent begins to worry to tears, provoking response tears in an empath, this is the ability to empathize.

With empathy, the empathic personality begins to express its own sound emotions. similar topics what the interlocutor is experiencing.

Levels of empathy development

Among psychologists, there are certain tests that help to identify the degree of development of empathic abilities. There are four of these levels:

High (affective). This level is characterized by an increased ability to fully penetrate and feel the feelings of others. The empath "gets used" to the opponent's problems to such an extent that he ceases to distinguish between his own misfortunes and those of others.

If an empath does not have a strong enough, tough character, affective empathy can provoke problems for him mentally and personally.

Such personalities often suffer from overdeveloped impressionability, vulnerability. They have a superfine mental organization. If empaths are able to cope with the streams of other people's troubles, in professional field they achieve great skill.

The main rule of empathy

elevated. Empaths of this level of development perceive someone else's pain and emotions without much harm to themselves. They show a sincere interest in the problems of the interlocutor, but keep a certain delicate distance. Such personalities are communicative, social, they easily find mutual language with any person.

Normal. The most common level of empathic ability. It is manifested by a good, innate gift for understanding the problems of strangers. Such a person is not indifferent to other people's troubles and is responsive to help. Increased participation in troubles and problems on the part of an empath falls on close and dear people, rather than outsiders.

Short. There are people who have a complete lack of empathy. These individuals are also called "anti-empaths". They do not differ in flexible thinking and are not able to look at the problem from the outside. Nothing will force them to accept the opponent's position if it differs from their own.

Anti-empaths are completely focused on personal life and problems, they experience some discomfort among outsiders. These are bright egocentric introverts with a narrow circle of communication and pronounced problems in the ability to communicate with others.

How to become an empath

Is it possible to develop innate empathic abilities? According to psychologists, empathy can be trained and improved (subject to the presence of such a gift). Various trainings and specially designed exercises for the development of mindfulness will help with this..

How to develop empathy

Especially good helpers in the training of empathic abilities become artistic sketches. These include:

• training for memorizing faces;
• exercise on the ability to look at yourself from the side;
• reincarnation in other people, animals, birds, insects.

Associative games, dancing, watching good exciting films, listening to music contribute to the development of empathy. Develop your own emotionality, along with it will come empathy. But before you become an empath, determine for yourself whether you really need this ability and whether you can control it.

Term "empathy" derived from Greek word"feeling" and means the ability to realize and understand the inner experiences of another person.

If a person is able to determine the emotional state of other people, he's called empath.

For the first time, the definition of empathy in psychology was given by Sigmund Freud, speaking about the need for any psychoanalyst to be able to put himself in the place of his client.

There is not only emotional, but also aesthetic empathy, that is, the ability to deeply imbue the artistic image.

This concept applies to almost all emotional manifestations of personality: both positive and negative. If compassion implies the ability to sympathize in a difficult situation, then empathy covers other feelings - anger, fear, joy, etc.

The depth of manifestation also differs: some people respond to emotions superficially, while others are completely immersed in the world of other people's experiences. So far, there is no reasonable explanation. Neuroscientists believe that this phenomenon occurs due to the work of the so-called mirror neurons.

Without the ability to empathize, a person cannot become a good psychoanalyst or psychologist. This quality contributes to the development of communication skills, allows you to create a productive working relationship with the patient, which will contribute to the solution of personal problems of a person. Many people who are far from science associate empathy with the presence of superpowers. However, this is not the case: this property is quite understandable with scientific point vision and has nothing to do with extrasensory perception.

It is important to note that empathy arises without the participation of the intellect. Many researchers believe that this innate quality genetically determined personality.

In the process of personality development, the ability for deep empathy can either increase or, conversely, weaken. Development depends on wealth inner world individual, the subtleties of his perception, the ability to listen to the interlocutor and a number of other factors. With the help of various trainings, empathic abilities can be developed (only if they are inherent in the personality from the very beginning). Such trainings are very useful for people who, by the nature of their work, have to communicate a lot and want to develop their communication skills.

Classification

Currently, there are several main types of empathy in psychology:

• emotional, based on imitation of the behavioral reactions of other people;
• cognitive, which is based on the processes of thinking;
• predictive, manifested in the form of the ability to predict the behavior and emotional reactions of others.

Probably, the ability for such perception is inherent in almost every person from the very beginning. And this property needs to be developed in oneself in order to learn how to communicate more effectively. This is especially important for people who, by the nature of their profession, often enter into communication, for example, for psychologists, managers and teachers.

Empathy levels

There is a classification of empaths based on the depth of awareness of the feelings and emotions of the people around them. Before proceeding to classification, it is worth saying a few words about people who are completely devoid of the ability to empathize. As a rule, not only the feelings of others, but also their own emotions are inaccessible to these people.

To determine what another person feels, non-empaths can only indirectly, using intelligence and analytical skills. Emotions for such individuals are a somewhat frightening, uncontrollable factor that only makes life difficult. Often, a complete lack of empathic perception is demonstrated by people with a schizoid character accentuation, more prone to abstract logical constructions than to the world of feelings and emotional experiences.

Sociopaths are completely devoid of this ability: it is precisely because of their lack of ability to empathize with others that they often commit illegal acts, not realizing that this can bring pain to others.

Empaths are able to identify their own feelings and understand what others are experiencing. At the same time, empathy for empaths is a natural process that does not require intellectual effort and awareness.

1. Level 1 empaths are able to determine how they feel. At the same time, only enough is available to them. simple shades feelings. They can perceive the emotions of others and do not always know how to differentiate other people's emotions from their own.
2. Level 2 Empaths
   are well aware of what emotional experiences are. They are able to deliberately read other people's experiences by looking into a person's eyes or looking closely at his motor skills.
3. Level 3 Empaths are generally aware of their own capabilities. They can clearly differentiate their own feelings from those of others, and they can determine the state of another without direct contact, for example, during a telephone conversation or even correspondence.
4. Empathy Level 4 the whole range of other people's emotional manifestations is available. They can be aware of the feelings of others without the need for direct contact. We can say that such people have increased intuition, which is often confused with extrasensory abilities. At the same time, level 4 empaths are able to understand not only emotions, but also what caused them.

   In addition, such people manage to easily recognize the emotions of several personalities with whom they are in direct contact. Level 4 empaths make excellent psychologists, psychiatrists, educators, doctors, and even investigators. Interestingly, such individuals can even understand the emotional state of animals.

5. Level 5 empaths are able to use their abilities to control the emotions of others..

Diagnostics

To understand whether a person is an empath, it is necessary to determine whether he has or does not have empathic character traits. A special test is carried out to determine whether a person is able to understand the feelings of others. For diagnosis, psychologist A. Megrabyan developed a special scale of emotional response. As a rule, this test is used when applying for positions that require the ability to empathize with others and understand their emotional state.

Development of empathy

Many people want to develop the ability in question. Psychologists say that this is possible, but you will have to make a lot of effort and regularly perform simple exercises:

1. Active listening. Try to learn to listen and ask questions that allow you to fully reveal the topic under discussion and the personality of the person. The ability to share your own emotional reactions to what you hear helps to develop empathy (“When you told me this, I was very hurt and unpleasant”).
2. "Refuge". To perform this exercise, you need to take a comfortable position. Try to imagine your own personal retreat. It can be your own house or an invented hut in the forest, a house in a clearing or a cave in a rock. Imagine your hideout in every detail. This place should evoke a sense of peace and tranquility. Whenever you feel the need to get rid of anxiety, imagine your refuge: you will immediately experience relaxation and remove unnecessary emotional “burden”, which will allow you to better understand the interlocutors.
3. Learn to compliment. It's about not about flattery: just don't be afraid to tell others that you like their hairstyle, that you are amazed by their abilities and skills in any field of activity, etc. Over time, this will become a habit, and you will become a much more pleasant conversationalist. Unfortunately, in our culture, the negative Feedback: people easily criticize each other, while experiencing difficulty with compliments and praise.
4. Carefully analyze your own behavior. Do not think that this is meaningless soul-searching: by analyzing your actions, you will be able to better understand those around you.

The older a person gets, the more difficult it is for them to develop empathy. Because of your experience, assessing the feelings of others becomes a daunting task. At the same time, the ability to empathize can be reduced, because it is not always easy for empaths to be immersed in other people's feelings.

It has been proven that the higher the considered ability, the more actively a person tries to avoid disputes and conflicts. If this fails, the empath gradually puts an invisible barrier between himself and other people, which helps him to remain in a calm state, at the same time destroying unique ability to empathize with the emotional world of others.

Development of empathy in children

Children, as a rule, have extremely pronounced empathy. This helps them to explore the world and their own personality, build emotional contacts with others.

Empathy in a child depends on how much the ability to empathize is developed in his loved ones. Empathy develops well in children whose parents do not experience problems with their own emotions and give the baby love and care. In such a family, children develop the ability to altruism: understanding the feelings of others, the child easily comes to the aid of others. Education of empathy is the task of the parents of the child.

You should not try to make a child an empath forcibly. AT early age the kid simply will not understand the angry parental phrase: “Look, you brought your sister to tears!”. Of course, the child quickly realizes what his parents want from him, and will be able to portray feigned remorse for his act.

Such behavior cannot be called true empathy. Parents should show by example what empathy is and why it is needed. In addition, some children are not at all predisposed to such an ability: in this case, along with emotional sphere work on the ability to understand other people's experiences on an intellectual level.

Practical use

The practical application of empathy is possible in the following areas:

1. Personnel management. Thanks to the ability in question, one can understand how employees relate to their work. Empathy is very important for people who are engaged in sales: they can understand the emotions of the buyer and develop more effective promotion strategies.
2. Psychosomatics- an area that lies at the intersection of psychology and medicine and studies the relationship between the psyche and the body (soma). Within the framework of psychosomatics, conflicts leading to the development of various diseases, types of characters and personalities acting as a predisposition to certain diseases, etc.

   It is believed that psychological factor plays a significant role in the development of all diseases with the exception of injuries. Even infectious diseases, one way or another, are connected with the psyche, because emotional background has an impact on immune system. If the doctor is an empath, he will be able to quickly determine what factors caused the disease and build productive communication with the patient, which will make a huge contribution to healing.

3. Work with motivation and fulfillment of desires. AT modern world demand for training aimed at identifying their own goals and intentions. An empath is able to feel what the other person really wants, which makes him an extremely effective coach.
4. Pedagogy. The empathic educator is able to find individual approach to each student and build a psychological contact even with the most difficult of his wards. Typically, such teachers are not only able to convey material of any complexity, but also leave an indelible mark on the souls of their students.

Empathy - a very valuable skill, and with a little effort, anyone can develop it in themselves. Don't give up: Empaths have a much easier time interacting with others on a daily basis and are able to achieve great success in life using their unique abilities.

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