Soviet aircraft of the Great Patriotic War. Soviet aircraft WWII Transport heavy bomber
Soviet military aviation beginning of the Great Patriotic
When the Nazis attacked the USSR, Soviet aviation was destroyed at the airfields. And the Germans in the first year of the war dominated the sky, however, as in the second. What kind of fighter planes were in service with the Soviet army then?
The main one, of course, was I-16.
There were I-5(biplanes), inherited by the Nazis as trophies. modified from I-5 fighters I-15 bis, which remained after the strike on the airfields, fought in the first months of the war.
"Seagulls" or I-153, also biplanes, held out in the sky until 1943. Their retractable undercarriage during flight made it possible to increase the flight speed. And four small-caliber machine guns (7.62) fired directly through the propeller. All of the above aircraft models were outdated already before the start of the war. For example, the speed of the best fighter
I-16(with different engines) was from 440 to 525 km / h. Only his armament was good, two ShKAS machine guns and two cannons ShVAK(latest releases). And the range that the I-16 could fly reached a maximum of 690 km.
Germany was in service in 1941 Me-109, produced by the industry since 1937, of various modifications that attacked the Soviet borders in 1941. The armament of this aircraft consisted of two machine guns (MG-17) and two cannons (MG-FF). The flight speed of the fighter was 574 km / h, this was the maximum speed that the 1150 hp engine could achieve. With. highest height lift or ceiling reached 11 kilometers. Only in terms of flight range, for example, was the Me-109E inferior to the I-16, it was 665 km.
Soviet aircraftI-16(type 29) allowed to reach a ceiling of 9.8 kilometers with a 900-horsepower engine. Their range was only 440 km. The length of the takeoff run at the "donkeys" was on average 250 meters. At German fighters constructor Messerschmitt the run was about 280 meters. If we compare the time during which the aircraft rises to a height of three kilometers, it turns out that the Soviet I-16 of the twenty-ninth type loses ME-109 seconds 15. In the mass of the payload, the "donkey" is also behind the "Messer", 419 kg against 486.
To replace "donkey" in the USSR was designed I-180, all-metal. V. Chkalov crashed on it before the war. After him, tester T. Suzi fell to the ground on the I-180-2 along with the plane, blinded by hot oil thrown out of the engine. Before the war, the serial I-180 was discontinued as an unsuccessful copy.
OKB Polikarpov also worked on the creation I-153, a biplane with an engine power of 1100 liters. With. But its maximum speed in the air reached only 470 km / h, it was not a competitor ME-109. Worked on creating modern fighters and others Soviet aircraft designers. Produced since 1940 Yak-1, which can fly at a speed of 569 km / h and has a ceiling of 10 km. A cannon and two machine guns were mounted on it.
And the Lavochkin fighter LAGG-3, with a wooden hull and a 1050 hp engine. s, showed a speed of 575 km / h. But it, designed in 1942, was soon changed to another model - LA-5 with a flight speed at six-kilometer altitudes up to 580 km / h.
Received under Lend-Lease "Aerocobra" or P-39, which had the engine behind the cockpit, were all-metal monoplanes. On bends they went around "Messers", going to their tail. It was on the Aerocobra that ace Pokryshkin flew.
In flight speed, the P-39 also surpassed the ME-109 by 15 km / h, but was inferior in the ceiling by one and a half kilometers. And the flight range of almost a thousand kilometers made it possible to make deep raids behind enemy lines. The armament of the foreign aircraft was a 20 mm cannon and two or three machine guns.
- Tupolevs: father, son and aircraft
Once on the site, we held an Air Parade contest dedicated to the anniversary of the Victory, where readers were asked to guess the names of some of the most famous aircraft of World War II by their silhouettes. The competition has been completed, and now we are publishing photos of these combat vehicles. We offer to remember what the winners and the vanquished fought in the sky.
Germany
Messerschmitt Bf.109
In fact, a whole family of German combat vehicles, total which (33,984 pieces) makes the 109th one of the most massive aircraft of World War II. It was used as a fighter, fighter-bomber, fighter-interceptor, reconnaissance aircraft. It was as a fighter that the Messer earned a sad reputation from Soviet pilots - on initial stage During the war, Soviet fighters, such as the I-16 and LaGG, were clearly inferior in technical terms to the Bf.109 and suffered heavy losses. Only the appearance of more advanced aircraft, such as the Yak-9, allowed our pilots to fight with the "Messers" almost on an equal footing. The most massive modification of the machine was the Bf.109G ("Gustav").
Messerschmitt Bf.109
Messerschmitt Me.262
The aircraft was remembered not for its special role in the Second World War, but for the fact that it turned out to be the first-born jet aviation on the battlefield. The Me.262 began to be designed even before the war, but Hitler's real interest in the project arose only in 1943, when the Luftwaffe had already lost its combat power. The Me.262 possessed speed (about 850 km/h), altitude and rate of climb that were unique for its time, and therefore had serious advantages over any fighter of that time. In reality, for 150 Allied aircraft shot down, 100 Me.262s were lost. Low efficiency combat use was explained by the "dampness" of the design, little experience in the use of jet aircraft and insufficient training of pilots.
Messerschmitt Me.262
Heinkel-111
Heinkel-111
Junkers Ju 87 Stuka
The Ju 87 dive bomber, which was produced in several modifications, became a kind of forerunner of modern precision weapons, since it threw bombs not from a great height, but from a steep dive, which made it possible to more accurately aim the ammunition. It was very effective in the fight against tanks. Due to the specifics of the application in conditions of high overloads, the car was equipped with automatic air brakes to exit the peak in the event of a loss of consciousness by the pilot. To enhance the psychological effect, the pilot, during the attack, turned on the "Jericho Trumpet" - a device that emitted a terrible howl. One of the most famous aces pilots who flew the Stuka was Hans-Ulrich Rudel, who left rather boastful memories of the war on the Eastern Front.
Junkers Ju 87 Stuka
Focke-Wulf Fw 189 Uhu
The tactical reconnaissance aircraft Fw 189 Uhu is interesting primarily for its unusual two-beam design, for which soviet soldiers They called him "Rama". And it was on the Eastern Front that this reconnaissance spotter turned out to be the most useful to the Nazis. Our fighters knew well that after the "Rama" bombers would fly in and strike at reconnoitered targets. But to shoot down this slow-moving aircraft was not so easy because of its high maneuverability and excellent survivability. When approaching Soviet fighters, he could, for example, begin to describe circles of a small radius, into which high-speed cars simply could not fit.
Focke-Wulf Fw 189 Uhu
Probably the most recognizable Luftwaffe bomber was developed in the early 1930s under the guise of a civilian transport aircraft (the creation of the German Air Force was prohibited by the Treaty of Versailles). At the beginning of World War II, the Heinkel-111 was the most massive Luftwaffe bomber. He became one of the main characters in the Battle of England - it was the result of Hitler's attempt to break the will to resist the British through massive bombing raids on the cities of Foggy Albion (1940). Even then it became clear that this medium bomber was obsolete, it lacked speed, maneuverability and security. Nevertheless, the aircraft continued to be used and produced until 1944.
Allies
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress
The American "flying fortress" during the war constantly increased its security. In addition to excellent survivability (in the form, for example, of the ability to return to base with one engine out of four), the heavy bomber received thirteen 12.7-mm machine guns in the B-17G modification. A tactic was developed in which "flying fortresses" walked over enemy territory in a checkerboard pattern, protecting each other with crossfire. The aircraft was equipped with a high-tech Norden bombsight for that time, built on the basis of an analog computer. If the British bombed the Third Reich mainly at night, then the "flying fortresses" were not afraid to appear over Germany during daylight hours.
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress
Avro 683 Lancaster
One of the main participants in the Allied bomber raids on Germany, a British heavy bomber of World War II. The Avro 683 Lancaster accounted for ¾ of the entire bomb load thrown by the British on the Third Reich. The carrying capacity allowed the four-engine aircraft to take on board "blockbusters" - super-heavy concrete-piercing bombs Tallboy and Grand Slam. Low security suggested the use of Lancasters as night bombers, but night bombing was not very accurate. During the day, these aircraft suffered significant losses. Lancasters took an active part in the most devastating bomb raids of World War II - on Hamburg (1943) and Dresden (1945).
Avro 683 Lancaster
North American P-51 Mustang
One of the most iconic fighters of the Second World War, which played an exceptional role in the events on Western front. No matter how the Allied heavy bombers defended themselves when raiding Germany, these large, low-maneuverable and relatively slow-moving aircraft suffered heavy losses from German fighter aircraft. North American by order British government urgently created a fighter that could not only successfully fight the "Messers" and "Fokkers", but also have a sufficient range (due to external tanks) to accompany the bomber raids on the continent. When the Mustangs began to be used in this capacity in 1944, it became clear that the Germans had finally lost the air war in the West.
North American P-51 Mustang
Supermarine Spitfire
The main and most massive fighter of the British Air Force during the war, one of the best fighters of the Second World War. Its high-rise and speed characteristics made it an equal rival to the German Messerschmitt Bf.109, and the skill of the pilots played a big role in the full-time battle of these two machines. Spitfires proved to be excellent, covering the evacuation of the British from Dunkirk after the success of the Nazi blitzkrieg, and then during the Battle of Britain (July-October 1940), when British fighters had to fight like German bombers He-111, Do-17, Ju 87, as well as with Bf. 109 and Bf.110.
Supermarine Spitfire
Japan
Mitsubishi A6M Raisen
At the beginning of World War II, the Japanese carrier-based fighter A6M Raisen was the best in the world in its class, even though its name contained the Japanese word "Rei-sen", that is, "zero fighter". Thanks to hanging tanks the fighter had a high flight range (3105 km), which made it indispensable for participating in raids on the ocean theater. Among the aircraft involved in the attack on Pearl Harbor were 420 A6Ms. The Americans learned lessons from dealing with the nimble, quick-climbing Japanese, and by 1943 their fighter aircraft had surpassed their once dangerous enemy.
Mitsubishi A6M Raisen
The most massive dive bomber of the USSR began to be produced even before the war, in 1940, and remained in service until the Victory. The low-wing aircraft with two engines and double fins was a very progressive machine for its time. In particular, it provided for a pressurized cabin and electric remote control (which, due to its novelty, became the source of many problems). In reality, the Pe-2 was not so often, unlike the Ju 87, used precisely as a dive bomber. Most often, he bombed areas from level flight or from a gentle, rather than deep dive.
Pe-2
The most massive combat aircraft in history (36,000 of these "silts" were produced in total) is considered a true legend of the battlefields. One of its features is a load-bearing armored hull, which replaced the frame and skin in most of the fuselage. The attack aircraft worked at altitudes of several hundred meters above the ground, becoming not the most difficult target for ground anti-aircraft weapons and an object of hunting by German fighters. The first versions of the Il-2 were built single-seat, without a side gunner, which led to rather high combat losses among aircraft of this type. And yet, the IL-2 played its role in all theaters where our army fought, becoming a powerful means of support ground forces in the fight against enemy armored vehicles.
IL-2
The Yak-3 was a development of the well-proven Yak-1M fighter. In the process of revision, the wing was shortened and other steps were taken. design changes to reduce weight and improve aerodynamics. This light wooden aircraft showed an impressive speed of 650 km / h and had excellent flight characteristics at low altitudes. Tests of the Yak-3 started at the beginning of 1943, and already during the battle on the Kursk Bulge, he entered the battle, where, with the help of a 20-mm ShVAK cannon and two 12.7-mm Berezin machine guns, he successfully opposed the Messerschmites and Fokkers.
Yak-3
One of the best Soviet La-7 fighters, which entered service a year before the end of the war, was a development of the LaGG-3 that met the war. All the advantages of the "ancestor" were reduced to two factors - high survivability and the maximum use of wood in the construction instead of scarce metal. However, a weak motor big weight turned the LaGG-3 into an unimportant opponent of the all-metal Messerschmitt Bf.109. From LaGG-3 to OKB-21 Lavochkin they made La-5, installing a new ASh-82 engine and finalizing the aerodynamics. The modified La-5FN with a boosted engine was already an excellent combat vehicle, surpassing the Bf.109 in a number of parameters. In La-7, the weight was again reduced, and the armament was also strengthened. The plane has become very good, even remaining wooden.
La-7
U-2, or Po-2, created in 1928, by the beginning of the war was certainly a model of obsolete equipment and was not designed at all as a combat aircraft (a combat training version appeared only in 1932). However, in order to win, this classic biplane had to work as a night bomber. Its undoubted advantages are ease of operation, the ability to land outside airfields and take off from small areas, and low noise.
U-2
At low gas in the dark, the U-2 approached the enemy object, remaining unnoticed almost until the moment of bombing. Since the bombing was carried out from low altitudes, its accuracy was very high, and the "corn" inflicted serious damage on the enemy.
The article "Aerial parade of winners and losers" was published in the journal Popular Mechanics (
Combat aircraft - predator birds sky. For more than a hundred years they have been shining in warriors and at air shows. Agree, it is difficult to take your eyes off modern multi-purpose devices stuffed with electronics and composite materials. But there's something special about World War II planes. It was an era of great victories and great aces who fought in the air, looking into each other's eyes. Engineers and aircraft designers from different countries came up with many legendary aircraft. Today we present to your attention a list of the ten most famous, recognizable, popular and the best aircraft times of the Second World War according to the editorial board of the [email protected] .
Supermarine Spitfire (Supermarine Spitfire)
The list of the best aircraft of the Second World War opens with the British fighter Supermarine Spitfire. He has a classic look, but a little awkward. Wings - shovels, a heavy nose, a lantern in the form of a bubble. However, it was the Spitfire that rescued the Royal air Force, stopping German bombers during the Battle of Britain. German fighter pilots, with great displeasure, found that British aircraft were in no way inferior to them, and even superior in maneuverability.
The Spitfire was developed and put into service just in time - just before the outbreak of World War II. True, an incident came out with the first battle. Due to a radar failure, the Spitfires were sent into battle with a phantom enemy and fired on their own British fighters. But then, when the British tasted the advantages of the new aircraft, they did not use it as soon as they were used. And for interception, and for reconnaissance, and even as bombers. A total of 20,000 Spitfires were produced. For all the good things and, first of all, for saving the island during the Battle of Britain, this aircraft takes an honorable tenth place.
Heinkel He 111 is exactly the aircraft that they fought English fighters. This is the most recognizable German bomber. It cannot be confused with any other aircraft due to the characteristic shape of the wide wings. It was the wings that gave the Heinkel He 111 the nickname "flying shovel".
This bomber was created long before the war under the guise passenger aircraft. He showed himself very well back in the 30s, but by the beginning of World War II he began to become obsolete, both in speed and in maneuverability. For a while, he held out because of the ability to withstand heavy damage, but when the Allies conquered the sky, the Heinkel He 111 was “degraded” to an ordinary transport. This aircraft embodies the very definition of a Luftwaffe bomber, for which it receives the ninth place in our rating.
At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, German aviation did what it wanted in the sky of the USSR. Only in 1942 appeared soviet fighter, which could fight on equal terms with the Messerschmitts and Focke-Wulfs. It was "La-5" developed in the design bureau Lavochkin. It was created in great haste. The plane is so simple that the cockpit does not even have the most basic instruments like the artificial horizon. But the La-5 pilots immediately liked it. In the very first test flights, 16 enemy aircraft were shot down on it.
"La-5" bore the brunt of the battles in the sky over Stalingrad and Kursk salient. Ace Ivan Kozhedub fought on it, it was on him that the famous Alexei Maresyev flew with prostheses. The only problem La-5, which prevented him from climbing higher in our rating - appearance. He is completely faceless and expressionless. When the Germans first saw this fighter, they immediately gave it the nickname "new rat". And that's all, because it strongly resembled the legendary I-16 aircraft, nicknamed the "rat".
North American P-51 Mustang (North American P-51 Mustang)
The Americans in World War II participated in many types of fighters, but the most famous among them was, of course, the P-51 Mustang. The history of its creation is unusual. The British already at the height of the war in 1940 ordered aircraft from the Americans. The order was fulfilled and in 1942 the first Mustangs among the British Royal Air Force entered into battle. And then it turned out that the planes are so good that they will be useful to the Americans themselves.
The most noticeable feature of the R-51 Mustang aircraft is its huge fuel tanks. This made them ideal fighters to escort bombers, which they did successfully in Europe and in pacific ocean. They were also used for reconnaissance and assault. They even bombed a little. Especially got from the "Mustangs" to the Japanese.
The most famous US bomber of those years is, of course, the Boeing B-17 "Flying Fortress". The four-engine, heavy, machine-gunned Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bomber spawned many heroic and fanatical stories. On the one hand, the pilots loved him for his ease of control and survivability, on the other hand, the losses among these bombers were indecently high. In one of the sorties, out of 300 Flying Fortresses, 77 did not return. Why? Here we can mention the complete and defenselessness of the crew from fire in front and an increased risk of fire. However main problem became the conviction of the American generals. At the beginning of the war, they thought that if there were a lot of bombers and they were flying high, then they could do without any escort. Luftwaffe fighters disproved this misconception. The lessons they gave were harsh. The Americans and the British had to learn very quickly, change tactics, strategy and aircraft design. Strategic bombers contributed to the victory, but the cost was high. A third of the "Flying Fortresses" did not return to the airfields.
In fifth place in our ranking of the best aircraft of the Second World War is the main hunter for German planes Yak-9. If the La-5 was a workhorse that endured the brunt of the battles of the turning point of the war, then the Yak-9 is the aircraft of victory. It was created on the basis of previous models of Yak fighters, but instead of heavy wood, duralumin was used in the design. This made the aircraft lighter and left room for modifications. What they just didn’t do with the Yak-9. Front-line fighter, fighter-bomber, interceptor, escort, reconnaissance and even courier aircraft.
On the Yak-9, Soviet pilots fought on equal terms with the German aces, who were very scared of him powerful guns. Suffice it to say that our pilots affectionately nicknamed the best modification of the Yak-9U the "Killer". "Yak-9" became a symbol Soviet aviation and the most massive Soviet fighter of the Second World War. At factories, sometimes 20 aircraft were assembled per day, and in total, almost 15,000 of them were produced during the war.
Junkers Ju-87 (Junkers Ju 87)
Junkers Yu-87 "Stuka" - German dive bomber. Thanks to the ability to fall vertically on the target, the Junkers laid bombs with pinpoint accuracy. Supporting the fighter offensive, everything in the Stuka design is subordinated to one thing - to hit the target. Air brakes did not allow to accelerate during a dive, special mechanisms diverted the dropped bomb away from the propeller and automatically brought the aircraft out of the dive.
Junkers Yu-87 - the main aircraft of the Blitzkrieg. He shone at the very beginning of the war, when Germany was marching victoriously across Europe. True, it later turned out that the Junkers were very vulnerable to fighters, so their use gradually faded away. True, in Russia, thanks to the advantage of the Germans in the air, the Stukas still managed to make war. For their characteristic non-retractable landing gear, they were nicknamed "lappets". The German pilot ace Hans-Ulrich Rudel brought additional fame to the Stukas. But despite its worldwide fame, the Junkers Ju-87 was in fourth place in the list of the best aircraft of the Second World War.
In the honorable third place in the ranking of the best aircraft of World War II is the Japanese carrier-based fighter Mitsubishi A6M Zero. This is the most famous aircraft of the Pacific War. The history of this aircraft is very revealing. At the beginning of the war, he was almost the most advanced aircraft - light, maneuverable, high-tech, with an incredible range. For the Americans, Zero was an extremely unpleasant surprise, it was head and shoulders above everything they had at that time.
However, the Japanese worldview played with Zero bad joke, no one thought about his protection in an air battle - the gas tanks burned easily, the pilots were not covered by armor, and no one thought about parachutes. When hit, the Mitsubishi A6M Zero flared up like matches, and the Japanese pilots had no chance to escape. The Americans eventually learned how to deal with Zero, they flew in pairs and attacked from above, avoiding the fight on turns. They released the new Chance Vought F4U Corsair, Lockheed P-38 Lightning and Grumman F6F Hellcat fighters. The Americans admitted their mistakes and adapted, but the proud Japanese did not. Obsolete by the end of the war, Zero became a kamikaze aircraft, a symbol of senseless resistance.
The famous Messerschmitt Bf.109 is the main fighter of World War II. It was he who reigned supreme in the Soviet sky until 1942. The exceptionally successful design allowed the Messerschmitt to impose its tactics on other aircraft. He gained excellent speed in a dive. The favorite technique of the German pilots was the "falcon strike", in which the fighter swoops down on the enemy and, after a quick attack, again goes to the height.
This aircraft also had its shortcomings. He was prevented from conquering the skies of England by a low flight range. It was also not easy to escort the Messerschmitt bombers. At low altitude, he lost his advantage in speed. By the end of the war, the Messers were hard hit by both Soviet fighters from the east and Allied bombers from the west. But Messerschmitt Bf.109, nevertheless, entered the legends as best fighter Luftwaffe. In total, almost 34,000 pieces were made. This is the second largest aircraft in history.
So, meet the winner in our ranking of the most legendary aircraft of World War II. Attack aircraft "IL-2" aka "Humpback", aka "flying tank", the Germans most often called him "black death". The IL-2 is a special aircraft, it was immediately conceived as a well-protected attack aircraft, so it was many times more difficult to shoot it down than other aircraft. There was a case when an attack aircraft returned from a flight and more than 600 hits were counted on it. After a quick repair, the "Humpbacks" again went into battle. Even if the plane was shot down, it often remained intact, the armored belly allowed it to land in an open field without any problems.
"IL-2" went through the whole war. In total, 36,000 attack aircraft were manufactured. This made the "Hunchback" the record holder, the most massive combat aircraft of all time. For its outstanding qualities, the original design and a huge role in World War II, the famous Il-2 rightfully takes first place in the ranking of the best aircraft of those years.
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In World War II, the Russians had a large number of aircraft that performed various tasks, such as: fighters, bombers, attack aircraft, training and training, reconnaissance, seaplanes, transport and also many prototypes, and now let's move on to the list itself with descriptions and photos below.
Soviet fighter planes of World War II
1. I-5- Single-seat fighter, consists of wood metal and linen material. Max speed 278 km/h; Flight range 560 km; Lifting height 7500 meters; 803 built
2. I-7- Single Soviet fighter, light and maneuverable polutoraplan. Maximum speed 291 km/h; Flight range 700 km; Lifting height 7200 meters; 131 built
3. I-14— Single high-speed fighter. Maximum speed 449 km / h; Flight range 600 km; Lifting height 9430 meters; 22 built
4. I-15- Single-seat maneuverable one-and-a-half wing fighter. Maximum speed 370 km/h; Flight range 750 km; Lifting height 9800 meters; 621 built; Machine gun for 3000 rounds, bombs up to 40 kg.
5. I-16- A single-seat Soviet single-engine piston monoplane fighter, simply called "Ishak". Maximum speed 431 km / h; Flight range 520 km; Lifting height 8240 meters; 10292 built; Machine gun for 3100 rounds.
6. DI-6— Double Soviet fighter. Maximum speed 372 km/h; Flight range 500 km; Lifting height 7700 meters; 222 built; 2 machine guns for 1500 rounds, bombs up to 50 kg.
7. IP-1- Single-seat fighter with two dynamo-reactive guns. Maximum speed 410 km/h; Flight range 1000 km; Lifting height 7700 meters; 200 built; 2 ShKAS-7.62mm machine guns, 2 APK-4-76mm cannons.
8. PE-3— Twin-engine, two-seat, high-altitude heavy fighter. Maximum speed 535 km/h; Flight range 2150 km; Lifting height 8900 meters; 360 built; 2 machine guns UB-12.7 mm, 3 machine guns ShKAS-7.62 mm; Unguided missiles RS-82 and RS-132; Maximum combat load - 700kg.
9. MIG-1— Single high-speed fighter. Maximum speed 657 km / h; Flight range 580 km; Lifting height 12000 meters; 100 built; 1 machine gun BS-12.7 mm - 300 rounds, 2 machine guns ShKAS-7.62 mm - 750 rounds; Bombs - 100kg.
10. MIG-3— Single high-speed high-altitude fighter. Maximum speed 640 km/h; Flight range 857 km; Lifting height 11500 meters; 100 built; 1 machine gun BS-12.7 mm - 300 rounds, 2 machine guns ShKAS-7.62 mm - 1500 rounds, machine gun under the wing BK-12.7 mm; Bombs - up to 100kg; Unguided missiles RS-82-6 pieces.
11. Yak-1— Single high-speed high-altitude fighter. Maximum speed 569 km / h; Flight range 760 km; Lifting height 10000 meters; 8734 built; 1 machine gun UBS-12.7 mm, 2 machine guns ShKAS-7.62 mm, 1 machine gun ShVAK-20 mm; 1 gun ShVAK - 20 mm.
12. Yak-3— Single, single-engine high-speed Soviet fighter. Maximum speed 645 km/h; Flight range 648 km; Lifting height 10700 meters; 4848 built; 2 machine guns UBS-12.7 mm, 1 gun ShVAK - 20 mm.
13. Yak-7- Single, single-engine high-speed Soviet fighter of the Great Patriotic War. Maximum speed 570 km/h; Flight range 648 km; Lifting height 9900 meters; 6399 built; 2 machine guns ShKAS-12.7 mm for 1500 rounds, 1 gun ShVAK - 20 mm for 120 rounds.
14. Yak-9— Single, single-engine Soviet fighter bomber. Maximum speed 577 km / h; Flight range 1360 km; Lifting height 10750 meters; 16769 built; 1 machine gun UBS-12.7 mm, 1 gun ShVAK - 20 mm.
15. LaGG-3- Single-seat single-engine Soviet aircraft monoplane fighter, bomber, interceptor, reconnaissance aircraft of the Great Patriotic War. Maximum speed 580 km/h; Flight range 1100 km; Lifting height 10000 meters; 6528 built
16. La-5- A single-seat single-engine Soviet monoplane fighter aircraft made of wood. Maximum speed 630 km/h; Flight range 1190 km; Lifting height 11200 meters; 9920 built
17. La-7- Single-seat single-engine Soviet monoplane fighter aircraft. Maximum speed 672 km/h; Flight range 675 km; Lifting height 11100 meters; 5905 built
Soviet bombers of the Second World War
1. U-2VS- Double single-engine Soviet multi-purpose biplane. One of the most massive aircraft produced in the world. Maximum speed 150 km/h; Flight range 430 km; Lifting height 3820 meters; 33,000 built
2. Su-2- Double single-engine Soviet light bomber with a 360-degree view. Maximum speed 486 km / h; Flight range 910 km; Lifting height 8400 meters; 893 built
3. Yak-2- Two and three-seat twin-engine Soviet heavy bomber reconnaissance. Maximum speed 515 km/h; Flight range 800 km; Lifting height 8900 meters; 111 built
4. Yak-4- Double twin-engine Soviet light reconnaissance bomber. Maximum speed 574 km/h; Flight range 1200 km; Lifting height 10000 meters; 90 built
5. ANT-40— Triple twin-engine Soviet light high-speed bomber. Maximum speed 450 km/h; Flight range 2300 km; Lifting height 7800 meters; 6656 built
6. AR-2— Triple twin-engine Soviet all-metal dive bomber. Maximum speed 475 km/h; Flight range 1500 km; Lifting height 10000 meters; 200 built
7. PE-2— Triple twin-engine Soviet most massive dive bomber. Maximum speed 540 km/h; Flight range 1200 km; Lifting height 8700 meters; 11247 built
8. Tu-2— Quadruple twin-engine daytime Soviet high-speed bomber. Maximum speed 547 km/h; Flight range 2100 km; Lifting height 9500 meters; 2527 built
9. DB-3— Triple twin-engine Soviet long-range bomber. Maximum speed 400 km/h; Flight range 3100 km; Lifting height 8400 meters; 1528 built
10. IL-4— Quadruple twin-engine Soviet long-range bomber. Maximum speed 430 km/h; Flight range 3800 km; Lifting height 8900 meters; 5256 built
11. DB-A— Seven-seat experimental four-engine Soviet heavy long-range bomber. Maximum speed 330 km/h; Flight range 4500 km; Lifting height 7220 meters; 12 built
12. Yer-2- Five-seat twin-engine Soviet long-range monoplane bomber. Maximum speed 445 km/h; Flight range 4100 km; Lifting height 7700 meters; 462 built
13. TB-3- Eight-seat four-engine Soviet heavy bomber. Maximum speed 197 km/h; Flight range 3120 km; Lifting height 3800 meters; 818 built
14. PE-8- 12-seat four-engine Soviet heavy long-range bomber. Maximum speed 443 km / h; Flight range 3600 km; Lifting height 9300 meters; Combat load up to 4000 kg; Years of production 1939-1944; 93 built
Soviet ground attack planes of World War II
1. IL-2- Double single-engine Soviet attack aircraft. This is the most massive aircraft produced in Soviet times. Maximum speed 414 km/h; Flight range 720 km; Lifting height 5500 meters; Years of production: 1941-1945; 36183 built
2. IL-10- Double single-engine Soviet attack aircraft. Maximum speed 551 km/h; Flight range 2460 km; Lifting height 7250 meters; Years of production: 1944-1955; 4966 built
Soviet reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War
1. R-5- Double single-engine multi-purpose Soviet reconnaissance aircraft. Maximum speed 235 km/h; Flight range 1000 km; Lifting height 6400 meters; Years of production: 1929-1944; Built more than 6000 pcs.
2. R-Z- Double single-engine multi-purpose Soviet lightweight reconnaissance aircraft. Maximum speed 316 km/h; Flight range 1000 km; Lifting height 8700 meters; Years of production: 1935-1945; 1031 built
3. R-6— Quadruple twin-engine Soviet reconnaissance aircraft. Maximum speed 240 km/h; Flight range 1680 km; Lifting height 5620 meters; Years of production: 1931-1944; 406 built
4. R-10- Double single-engine Soviet reconnaissance aircraft, attack aircraft and light bomber. Maximum speed 370 km/h; Flight range 1300 km; Lifting height 7000 meters; Years of production: 1937-1944; 493 built
5. A-7- Double single-engine Soviet wing-type autogyro with a three-bladed rotor reconnaissance aircraft. Maximum speed 218 km/h; Flight range 4 hours; Years of production: 1938-1941.
1. Sh-2- Double first Soviet serial amphibious aircraft. Maximum speed 139 km/h; Flight range 500 km; Lifting height 3100 meters; Years of production: 1932-1964; 1200 built
2. MBR-2 Naval Middle Scout - Five-seater Soviet flying boat. Maximum speed 215 km/h; Flight range 2416 km; Years of production: 1934-1946; 1365 built
3. MTB-2— Soviet heavy naval bomber. It is also designed to carry up to 40 people. Maximum speed 330 km/h; Flight range 4200 km; Lifting height 3100 meters; Years of production: 1937-1939; 2 units built
4. GTS- Marine patrol bomber (flying boat). Maximum speed 314 km/h; Flight range 4030 km; Lifting height 4000 meters; Years of production: 1936-1945; 3305 built
5. KOR-1- Double deck ejection float floatplane (ship reconnaissance). Maximum speed 277 km/h; Flight range 1000 km; Lifting height 6600 meters; Years of production: 1939-1941; 13 built
6. KOR-2- Double deck catapult flying boat (near sea reconnaissance). Maximum speed 356 km/h; Flight range 1150 km; Lifting height 8100 meters; Years of production: 1941-1945; 44 built
7. Che-2(MDR-6) - Four-seater long-range reconnaissance aircraft, twin-engine monoplane. Maximum speed 350 km/h; Flight range 2650 km; Lifting height 9000 meters; Years of production: 1940-1946; 17 built
Soviet transport aircraft of World War II
1. Li-2- Soviet military transport aircraft. Maximum speed 320 km/h; Flight range 2560 km; Lifting height 7350 meters; Years of production: 1939-1953; 6157 built
2. Sche-2- Soviet military transport aircraft (Pike). Maximum speed 160 km/h; Flight range 850 km; Lifting height 2400 meters; Years of production: 1943-1947; 567 built
3. Yak-6- Soviet military transport aircraft (Duglasenok). Maximum speed 230 km/h; Flight range 900 km; Lifting height 3380 meters; Years of production: 1942-1950; 381 built
4. ANT-20- the largest 8-engine passenger Soviet military transport aircraft. Maximum speed 275 km/h; Flight range 1000 km; Lifting height 7500 meters; Years of production: 1934-1935; 2 units built
5. SAM-25- Soviet multi-purpose military transport aircraft. Maximum speed 200 km/h; Flight range 1760 km; Lifting height 4850 meters; Years of production: 1943-1948.
6. K-5- Soviet passenger aircraft. Maximum speed 206 km/h; Flight range 960 km; Lifting height 5040 meters; Years of production: 1930-1934; 260 built
7. G-11- Soviet landing glider. Maximum speed 150 km/h; Flight range 1500 km; Lifting height 3000 meters; Years of production: 1941-1948; 308 built
8. KC-20- Soviet landing glider. This is the largest glider during WWII. On board, he could take 20 people and 2200 kg of cargo. Years of production: 1941-1943; 68 built
I hope you liked the Russian planes of the Great Patriotic War! Thank you for watching!
The Great Patriotic War began at dawn on June 22, 1941, when Nazi Germany, violating the Soviet-German treaties of 1939, attacked Soviet Union. On her side were Romania, Italy, and a few days later Slovakia, Finland, Hungary and Norway.
The war lasted almost four years and became the largest armed clash in the history of mankind. On the front stretching from the Barents to the Black Seas, on both sides in different periods fought from 8 million to 12.8 million people, used from 5.7 thousand to 20 thousand tanks and assault guns, from 84 thousand to 163 thousand guns and mortars , from 6.5 thousand to 18.8 thousand aircraft.
LaGG-3 was one of the new generation fighters adopted by the USSR just before the war. Among its main advantages was the minimal use of scarce materials in the construction of the aircraft: LaGG-3 for the most part consisted of pine and delta wood (plywood impregnated with resin).LaGG-3 - a fighter made of pine and plywood
LaGG-3 was one of the new generation fighters adopted by the USSR just before the war. Among its main advantages was the minimal use of scarce materials in the construction of the aircraft: LaGG-3 for the most part consisted of pine and delta wood (plywood impregnated with resin).
Il-2 - Soviet "flying tank"
The Soviet Il-2 attack aircraft became the most massive combat aircraft in history. He took part in the battles in all theaters of military operations of the Great Patriotic War. The designers called the aircraft they developed a "flying tank", and the German pilots called it Betonflugzeug - "concrete aircraft" for its survivability.
Junkers-87 - a symbol of fascist aggression
"Junkers" from the first day of the war took part in the bombing of the USSR, becoming one of the symbols of the blitzkrieg. Despite its low speed, vulnerability and mediocre aerodynamics, the Yu-87 was one of the most effective weapons of the Luftwaffe due to its ability to drop bombs while diving.
I-16 - the basis of the fighter aviation of the USSR
I-16 is the world's first serial high-speed low-wing aircraft with retractable landing gear. By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the aircraft was outdated, but it was he who formed the basis of the fighter aviation of the USSR. Soviet pilots called it "donkey", Spanish - "mosca" (fly), and German - "rata" (rat).
A video announcing a series of infographic works about military aircraft of the 1940s,