The largest edible mushroom in the world. The largest mushrooms found by man: weight and height. The biggest mushroom in Italy

15.06.2019

Mushrooms - special shape life, combining the features of plants and animals. Among them there are champions in height and weight. Biologists believe that giant mushrooms are not an anomaly. Any mushroom can become a giant if it grows in favorable conditions for it. And oddly enough, most of the largest mushrooms are edible, which by some miracle did not fall into the mushroom picker's basket and were not eaten by animals.

The list includes the most big mushrooms in the world, which became known to the media.

10

Calvatia gigantea from England weight 2 kg

Unlocks ten large mushrooms Calvatia gigantea from England. The record holder was discovered by a young gardener, Terry Hodson-Walker, after the rainy season. The width of the giant's hat was approximately 46 centimeters, and it weighed 2 kilograms. After the discovery, the girl decided to apply to the Guinness Book of Records in order for the macromycete to be officially recognized as the largest mushroom in the world. scientific name discovered fungus - Calvatia gigantea. This is an ordinary raincoat, which can be found almost all over the world. This type can reach colossal sizes, but often becomes a victim of forest animals that are not averse to feasting on a raincoat.

9

Boletus from Russia weight 2.4 kg

Another contender for the title of the largest mushroom in the world - boletus from Russia found in the Tomsk region. Local mushroom picker Alexei Korol found a giant boletus in the forest near his village. The diameter of the cap of the giant mushroom was 36 centimeters, and the height of the stem was 28 cm. The weight of the record holder was 2 kilograms 400 grams! As the Rossiya TV channel noted, this is not some kind of mutant alien from outer space, but an ordinary birch boletus, not even wormy.

8

Lingzhi from China weight 7.5 kg

Found a huge varnished tinder fungus, or, as it is called in China - lingzhi(Ganoderma lucidum) - weighs 7.5 kg, and its diameter is 107 cm. They found a find in one of the provincial Chinese cities of Hezhou. This mushroom belongs to the genus Ganoderma, which has been used in Chinese medicine for over 2000 years. It is also called the "mushroom of immortality". Lingzhi is believed to boost immunity due to active compounds called polysaccharides, which can increase the activity of white blood cells. The impressive size and weight of the tinder fungus allow it to take one of the lines in the ranking of the largest mushrooms in the world.

7

Raincoat from Russia weight 12 kg

The largest mushroom in Russia is raincoat, found by mushroom picker Vladislav Grabosinsky in autumn 2011 in Perm region. The diameter of the giant's hat was 1 meter and 72 centimeters, and the height was about half a meter. The weight of the find exceeded 12 kilograms. Biologists do not consider this find rare. Raincoats grew and large sizes reaching 20 kg in weight. Raincoats are eaten when they are still young. Since it was already too late to eat the giant, Vladislav took him to study at the Botany Department of Perm University. This edible miracle was listed in the Guinness Book of Records.

6

Champignon from Italy weight 14 kg

In Italy, a kind of record was also recorded. A huge champignon, weighing about 14 kilograms, was found by Francesco Quito, a resident of the province of Baria. Despite the fact that the mushroom was found near the village, Francesco could hardly carry it on his shoulder, so he had to use a car. The mushroom was unspoiled and edible. I had to call the neighbors to eat such a giant.

5

Macromycetes from China weight 15 kg

In the Chinese province of Yunnan, a giant macromycete who weighed 15 kilograms. The mushroom not only turned out to be huge, but also had an unusual shape. Outwardly, it looked like a hundred small mushroom caps growing on one leg! In the diameter of the hat, it reached almost 1 meter. Scientists have not yet determined what kind of eccentric mushroom organism belongs to.

4

Macrocybe Titans from USA weight 20 kg

If we talk about traditional macromycetes in the usual sense, then the leader in size can be called Macrocybe Titans which grows in Caribbean countries and USA. In one of the southern Mexican states in 2007, a specimen was found with a mass of 20 kg and a height of about 70 cm. However, this find is not the only one. In 2005, in the United States, Mexican biologist and mushroom specialist Rene Andrade stumbled upon the same mushroom, which also grew on a coffee plantation, and its weight was as much as 28 kilograms. Such big sizes make this macromycete the object of close attention scientific community.

3

Macromycete from Canada weight 26 kg

Canadian macromycetes can also compete in size. A raincoat weighing 26 kilograms was discovered by a resident of Canada, Christian Terrien. A man discovered a mushroom while walking with his son through the forest. Canadians were amazed by their find and they admitted that they had never seen such large raincoats in their lives. The mushroom was taken home and had a photo shoot with him.

2

Fomitiporia ellipsoidea from China weight 500 kg

Another mushroom, found and studied by Chinese mycologists, grew 10.85 meters in height with a hat width of 82-88 cm. Scientists believe that this outstanding representative mushroom kingdom grew for at least 20 years. A giant tinder fungus with the world's largest fruiting body was found on Hainan Island in 2010, and has now been studied and classified. The brown monster turned out to be a perennial tree fungus - a representative of the species Fomitiporia ellipsoidea. One of the authors of the discovery, Yu Cheng Dai, from the Institute of Applied Ecology (IAE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, says that he and his colleagues first found solid specimens of the same fungus in Fujian province back in 2008. But still, those macromycetes were not as large as the giant from Hainan. Interestingly, the authors of the study did not intentionally look for a record holder, but simply studied the diversity tree mushrooms in the forests of the island. “None of us even imagined that a mushroom could grow so huge,” says Professor Dai. “We didn’t recognize him right away in the forest because he was too big.” Biologists estimated the volume of this fungus at 409-525 thousand cm3, and its weight at about 500 kilograms. Discovered by scientists F. ellipsoidea grows underground, so it for a long time remained unnoticed and was able to grow to such an impressive size.

1

Armillaria ostoyae from USA weight over 600 kg

The first line of the ranking is occupied by the most big mushroom in a world that mycologists have discovered in the relict forests of the United States. It is considered the largest living being on the planet. This giant belongs to the Armillaria family, whose representatives have long been known for their size. Most of this living organism was underground, only small mushrooms could be clearly seen on the surface. The name of these macromycetes is Armillaria ostoyae or otherwise they are called honey mushrooms. One such honey agaric fits easily in the hand and is not too remarkable. But his mycelium, which is a single organism, occupied national park Oregon 880 Hectares! Its tentacles are located underground and entangle an area equal in size to 1665 football fields. The fungus has grown through the Oregon forests for about 2,500 years, destroying the root systems of trees in its path. That is why this macromycete is considered the largest on the planet.

Mushrooms combine the characteristics of plants and animals. Among them there are champions in height and weight. Any mushroom can become a giant if it grows in favorable conditions for it. Biologists believe that giant mushrooms are not an anomaly. And oddly enough, most of the largest mushrooms are edible, which by some miracle did not fall into the mushroom picker's basket and were not eaten by animals.

10. Calvatia gigantea from England (weight 2 kg)

Opens ten large mushrooms Calvatia gigantea from England. The record holder was discovered by a young gardener, Terry Hodson-Walker, after the rainy season.

The width of the giant's hat was approximately 46 centimeters, and it weighed 2 kilograms.

After the discovery, the girl decided to apply to the Guinness Book of Records in order for the macromycete to be officially recognized as the largest mushroom in the world.

The scientific name of the discovered fungus is Calvatia gigantea. This is an ordinary raincoat, which can be found almost all over the world.

This species can reach colossal sizes, but often becomes a victim of forest animals that are not averse to feasting on a raincoat.

9. Boletus from Russia (weight 2.4 kg)

Another contender for the title of the largest mushroom in the world is a boletus from Russia, discovered in the Tomsk region.

Local mushroom picker Alexei Korol found a giant boletus in the forest near his village. The diameter of the cap of the giant mushroom was 36 centimeters, and the height of the stem was 28 cm. The weight of the record holder was 2 kilograms 400 grams! As the Rossiya TV channel noted, this is not some kind of mutant alien from outer space, but an ordinary birch boletus, not even wormy.

8 Lingzhi from China (weight 7.5 kg)

Found a huge varnished tinder fungus, or, as it is called in China - lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) - weighs 7.5 kg, and its diameter is 107 cm. They found a find in one of the provincial Chinese cities of Hezhou. This mushroom belongs to the genus Ganoderma, which has been used in Chinese medicine for over 2000 years. It is also called the "mushroom of immortality". Lingzhi is believed to boost immunity due to active compounds called polysaccharides, which can increase the activity of white blood cells. The impressive size and weight of the tinder fungus allow it to take one of the lines in the ranking of the largest mushrooms in the world.

7 Raincoat from Russia (weight 12 kg)

The largest mushroom in Russia is a raincoat found by mushroom picker Vladislav Grabosinsky in the fall of 2011 in the Perm region. The diameter of the giant's hat was 1 meter and 72 centimeters, and the height was about half a meter. The weight of the find exceeded 12 kilograms. Biologists do not consider this find rare. Raincoats grew and large sizes reaching 20 kg in weight. Raincoats are eaten when they are still young. Since it was already too late to eat the giant, Vladislav took him to study at the Botany Department of Perm University. This edible miracle was listed in the Guinness Book of Records.

6 Mushroom from Italy (weight 14 kg)

5 Macromycete from China (weight 15 kg)

In the Chinese province of Yunnan, a giant macromycete weighing 15 kilograms was discovered. The mushroom not only turned out to be huge, but also had an unusual shape. Outwardly, it looked like a hundred small mushroom caps growing on one leg! In the diameter of the hat, it reached almost 1 meter. Scientists have not yet determined what kind of eccentric mushroom organism belongs to.

4 Macrocybe Titans from USA(weight 20 kg)

If we talk about traditional macromycetes in the usual sense, then the leader in size can be called Macrocybe Titans, which grows in the Caribbean countries and the USA. In one of the southern Mexican states in 2007, a specimen was found, the mass of which was 20 kg, and the height was about 70 cm. However, this find is not the only one. In 2005, in the United States, Mexican biologist and mushroom specialist Rene Andrade stumbled upon the same mushroom, which also grew on a coffee plantation, and its weight was as much as 28 kilograms. Such large sizes make this macromycete the object of close attention of the scientific community.

3 Macromycetes from Canada (weight 26 kg)

Canadian macromycetes can also compete in size. A raincoat weighing 26 kilograms was discovered by a resident of Canada, Christian Terrien. A man discovered a mushroom while walking with his son through the forest. Canadians were amazed by their find and they admitted that they had never seen such large raincoats in their lives. The mushroom was taken home and had a photo shoot with him.

2 Fomitiporia ellipsoidea from China weight 500 kg

Another mushroom found and studied by Chinese mycologists grew 10.85 meters in height with a cap width of 82-88 cm. Scientists believe that this outstanding representative of the mushroom kingdom grew for at least 20 years. A giant tinder fungus with the world's largest fruiting body was found on Hainan Island in 2010, and has now been studied and classified. The brown monster turned out to be a perennial tree fungus - a representative of the species Fomitiporia ellipsoidea. One of the authors of the discovery, Yu Cheng Dai, from the Institute of Applied Ecology (IAE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, says that he and his colleagues first found solid specimens of the same fungus in Fujian province back in 2008. But still, those macromycetes were not as large as the giant from Hainan. Interestingly, the authors of the study did not deliberately look for a record holder, but simply studied the diversity of tree mushrooms in the forests of the island. “None of us even imagined that a mushroom could grow so huge,” says Professor Dai. “We didn’t recognize him right away in the forest because he was too big.” Biologists estimated the volume of this fungus at 409-525 thousand cm3, and its weight at about 500 kilograms. Discovered by scientists, F. ellipsoidea grows underground, so it went unnoticed for a long time and was able to grow to such an impressive size.

1 Armillaria ostoyae from the USA over 600 kg

The first line of the rating is occupied by the largest mushroom in the world, which mycologists discovered in the relict forests of the United States. It is considered the largest living being on the planet. This giant belongs to the Armillaria family, whose representatives have long been known for their size. Most of this living organism was underground, only small mushrooms could be clearly seen on the surface. The name of these macromycetes is Armillaria ostoyae, or otherwise they are called honey mushrooms. One such honey agaric fits easily in the hand and is not too remarkable. But his mycelium, which is a single organism, occupied 880 hectares of area in the Oregon National Park! Its tentacles are located underground and entangle an area equal in size to 1665 football fields. The fungus has grown through the Oregon forests for about 2,500 years, destroying the root systems of trees in its path. That is why this macromycete is considered the largest on the planet.

From time to time, information appears in the media that the largest mushroom in the world has been discovered, a new record holder among such creatures. According to biologists, the huge parameters of the new finds are a natural phenomenon and are not a sign of any anomaly. These representatives of a special form of life, which combine the characteristics of plants and animals, can grow to enormous sizes if they are given favorable conditions.

Scientists find it surprising that many of the giant mushrooms discovered are edible. It is amazing that these giants were able to survive and grow to an impressive size, despite the efforts of many mushroom pickers and the love of animals to eat fresh mushrooms.

In the Oregon forests located in the United States, biologists managed to find a mushroom that is striking in its size. True, the terrestrial part of this record holder cannot surprise - Armillaria ostoyae fits in the palm of your hand. These mushrooms are known to us under the name honey mushrooms. The real surprise among scientists was the size of the mycelium, which impresses with its parameters:

the area occupied by the rhizome of the fungus is 880 hectares;
about 1665 football fields can be covered with mycelium;
the age of formation of the root system of the fungus is 2500 years;
the estimated weight of the mycelium is more than 600 kg.

Biologists after research have found that the discovered Armillaria ostoyae is not only the largest among other fungi, but also the greatest living creature on the planet. Even the roots of some centuries-old trees were destroyed by this giant's mycelium.

In 2010, a huge tree fungus Phellinus ellipsoidus. In about 20 years, he managed to reach a height of 10.85 m. The width of his hat reaches 88 cm. Scientists managed to find it during the study of various tree fungi on the island of Hainan. The giant grew underground, which did not allow him to be discovered earlier. According to a rough estimate by biologists, Phellinus ellipsoideus weighs up to 500 kg.

In 2005, a Mexican biologist found a macrocybe mushroom in the United States that grew between coffee trees and weighed 28 kg. After 2 years, another macrocybe of impressive size was discovered on a coffee plantation in Mexico. The giant, found in 2007, towered 70 cm above the ground. Its weight was 20 kg. Now scientists are trying to determine whether coffee trees have positive influence on mushrooms, which contributes to their rapid growth.

Christian Terren discovered a raincoat in the forest, which struck with its size. This mushroom was found in Canada. In this country, a raincoat was first encountered, weighing 26 kg. It was discovered by accident, and immediately hit the pages of newspapers. Thanks to the place hidden from the eyes and favorable weather conditions the fungus was able to reach colossal proportions.

Biologists still cannot identify the type of fungus found in China's Yunnan province. it amazing creature had one leg and a lot of small hats that merged into one top. The diameter of such an unusual hat reached 1 m. Macromycete weighed 15 kg.

The real giant was found in the Italian province of Baria. A resident of one of the villages near the house came across a huge champignon. The weight of the find reached 14 kg. Careful examination showed that this giant is quite edible. The champignon was brought home by a lucky mushroom picker and cooked. Dishes from it were enough to arrange a small feast for the inhabitants of the house and their neighbors.

Another of the record holders was a huge raincoat, weighing 12 kg. This giant mushroom was found in the Perm region. But, according to biologists, larger raincoats are also found in Russia. According to unconfirmed data, micromycetes were detected, the weight of which reached 20 kg. The found mushroom was delivered to Perm University for study.

A place of honor among the largest mushrooms goes to the varnished tinder fungus. The giant was discovered by residents of the small Chinese town of Hezhou. The Chinese call this mushroom lingzhi. It has been used for over 2000 years alternative medicine for the preparation of medicinal potions. The weight of the find was 7.5 kg, and the diameter of this giant reached 107 cm.

Another mushroom of considerable size was discovered in Russia. A huge boletus was found by a resident of the Tomsk region. The hat of the discovered giant in diameter reached 36 cm. The stem of the mushroom towered 28 cm above the ground. The mushroom was edible and not damaged by worms. Weighing showed that the found giant weighs 2.4 kg.

After the rainy season, a young girl from England managed to find a huge raincoat. The diameter of the giant was 46 cm, and its weight was 2 kg. For rainy England, such huge mushrooms are not uncommon. True, they rarely grow to such sizes. Often forest animals feast on them or they fall into the baskets of mushroom pickers.

Mushrooms are the wealth that nature itself gives us. If earlier mushrooms belonged only to plants, now they contain both signs of plants and animals. Every avid mushroom picker dreams of finding the largest white mushroom. There is different types white mushrooms. There are some of them that you can't eat.

Features

So by what signs can you determine that you have found a white mushroom? Let's start with the hat. She is pillow-shaped, almost white color. In diameter, it is up to approximately 20 cm. After rain, it will be slippery to the touch and slightly stick to your hands. The hymenophore will be tubular. The tubes are located very tightly, so when pressed, they can turn blue.

White mushroom is also called the king of all mushrooms. First of all, because of its taste and size. The porcini mushroom has another name - boletus, or it is also called a cow. So why is it called white? The answer is simple. If you cut it, dry it or cook it. It will not change its color. All other mushrooms may take on a brown color, or even turn black. It is valued for its unique nutrients.

Karelian miracle

In 2014, the Davydovs met a real giant. AT Karelian forest they found a porcini mushroom of incredible size. According to mushroom pickers, it was already slightly spoiled by insects, but even in this form it looked very impressive.

Dangerous porcini mushroom

Of the fairly large variety of porcini mushrooms, there is one that should never be consumed. It is called the "satanic" porcini mushroom. These are extremely dangerous mushrooms. The diameter of the cap sometimes reaches 30 cm. If you cut it, you will see that it may turn slightly blue. They have, especially old mushrooms, an extremely unpleasant smell.

It may resemble a rotten onion or smell like carrion. But in some countries, for example, in the Czech Republic and France, it is considered conditionally edible. You can cook it, but first it is soaked and boiled for a very long time (10 hours). After prolonged processing, it loses its taste qualities and becomes inedible.

White mushroom from the Suzdal forest

by the most mushroom time considered autumn. But you can collect them and not only in the fall. Mushrooms such as white mushrooms, and many others, begin to appear as early as the beginning of June. But this is all approximate, it all depends on what the weather will be like.

Most good time for a trip to the forest for mushrooms - this is 5 days after the rain. During this time, the mushroom should grow. If this summer time and it will be very hot outside better mushrooms search under the trees. That is where they will hide. White mushrooms love a lot of moisture. In dry weather it is very difficult to find them.

A resident of Vladimir managed to find a specimen weighing 2 kg. According to the happy owner of this miracle, the white mushroom was up to his knee and the diameter of the cap was about 30 cm.

But not only do porcini mushrooms love rain, but also that the soil temperature be from 15-18 degrees. All mushrooms, as well as porcini, should be sought in the forest. If you see an anthill or a fern, then this is a clear sign that there are porcini mushrooms somewhere nearby. They also grow in spruce and pine forests. The largest mushrooms grow there. If you find such, then in no case do not pull it out. Take a knife and cut. In the future, new mushrooms will grow on the mycelium.

The gift of the Polish forest

A resident of the Polish town of Bydgoszcz was incredibly lucky, a man found a porcini mushroom weighing 3 kg. The diameter of the hat of this handsome man is about 40 cm. It happened in 2013. What is further fate the Polish record holder can only be guessed at. The mushroom picker himself claimed in an interview with a local newspaper that he plans to freeze his find and cook a special Christmas dish out of it.

record holders

Giant mushrooms can be quite edible. One of these was a porcini mushroom found in the Moscow region. Its size will surely cause the envy of seasoned mushroom pickers. Its weight reached 11 kg, and the diameter of its hat was 58 cm. The find became known in 1961. It was announced on the radio live. Unfortunately, exact location its discovery is not known, and it is almost impossible to find a photograph on the Internet.

Lovers " silent hunting", who find such giant mushrooms, do not understand what value they are. They just eat their find. If you find such a mushroom, then it is better to give it for research, it is clear that most likely no one will return it to you back, and you will not taste it anymore. But you can go down in history as the man who found the largest white mushroom in the world.

Today, on the Internet, many mushroom pickers post their videos and photos of large and small, beautiful and slightly ugly mushrooms found. This is a representative of the Carpathian forest, which was found in 2015. The exact weight of the giant is unknown, but it is assumed that he is in no way inferior to his Polish competitor.

There are many very interesting and entertaining things about mushrooms. For example, in Japan, biologists made an amazing statement that mushrooms can think and remember, and the mycelium, for its uniqueness, is called the underground “Internet”.

The most interesting thing is that the mycelium itself grows endlessly, sometimes reaching enormous sizes. 10 years ago, a mushroom net was found in one of the US states, it stretched underground for almost 900 hectares, which is equal to approximately 1800 football fields. Knowing that the mycelium is the vegetative body of the fungus, we can say that the discovered find is the largest mushroom in the world.