Excursion to the area of ​​the river Bazaikha. Geological essay - museum of geology of Central Siberia Nearest bus stations, railway stations, bus stops

- the right tributary of the Yenisei. Presumably, its name comes from the ancient Kamasin language. "Abazai" means "iron" and "aha" - "river". Subsequently, the suffix "aga" was Russified and began to be used in speech as "ikha". According to linguists, this hydronym needs additional research. ("Toponymy of Siberia and Far East". Kr-sk: "Letter C", 2008).

Until about the middle of the last century, the river was raftable, with large quantity dams. Numerous logs accumulated at its bottom, and the current carried wood debris.

Bazaikha originates on the Krasnoyarsk ridge (Kusuymsky mountains) at an altitude of 660 meters above sea level. Its length is about 126 km, and the basin area is 1000 km2. The fall of the river is about 3.3 m per 1 km. The width of the floodplain is from 38 to 252 m, and the channels are 12-35 m. The depth is from 0.5 to 2.5 m. With the onset of frost, the river freezes, and by the end of winter, the ice thickness in some places reaches 80 cm. Water temperature in May it reaches +3+10 degrees, in July and August +17+19 degrees, and in September +11+13 degrees. Fish such as grayling, pike, lenok, dace live here, and taimen is found in its upper reaches.

In the middle and, especially, in the lower reaches, branches and islands formed in some places of the channel. Bazaikha has 34 main tributaries: left - 21 and right - 13. The largest of them include such streams and rivers as: Yakhontov, Mishkin, Voskresenka, Kiprin, Korbik (21 km) Mokhovoy (5 km), Kaltat (20 km ), Sytkul, Namurt, Big Inzhul (13 km), Tartun, Zhistyk.

Almost the entire Basaikha basin is located in the mountains. Its left-bank part is the rocks of the Takmakov region: Ermak, Storozhevoy, Maly Berkut, Chinese wall, Sparrows, one of the many bizarre syenite formations known to the whole world as "Pillars". The right bank is adorned by the Tograshensky ridge.

The right and left parts of the Bazaikha valley look unusual and beautiful in contrast. The southern side of the Torgashinsky ridge attracts with steep and rocky treeless slopes, creating the impression of a harsh mountain landscape, and the Kuysumsky mountains are gentle, covered with taiga forest.

The Bazaikha river valley is one of the most beautiful and amazing places not only Krasnoyarsk, but, perhaps, all of Siberia. Here you can see bizarre shapes of rocks, outcrops of sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks. In the limestones of the Torgashinsky Range there are fossils of ancient marine organisms that lived many millions of years ago, such as archaeocyath, trilobite. Here on the ridge there is the famous Arch (Through Cave) and the rock formation "Red Comb". Both objects are included in the list mysterious places Russia.

On the river there are such settlements as Erlykovka, Upper Bazaikha, Zhistik. It is no coincidence that it is in the Bazaikha valley that there are many recreation centers, health resorts and hotel complexes.

The nearest viewing points, where magnificent views of the river valley open up, are Mount Vyshka and Divan Gora, which complete the watershed of the Yenisei and Bazaikha.
And from a bird's eye view, you can look at these beauties thanks to the chairlift, which operates all year round on the territory of the world-class sports and recreation park located nearby - the Beaver Log Fun Park.

At the mouth of Bazaikha in the second half of the 17th century, a village of the same name was formed, included in 1931 within the boundaries of Krasnoyarsk. By the way, it should be added that most of the sights and objects described are located within the city limits of Krasnoyarsk or in close proximity to the city. You can get here by city bus route No. 37, reaching its final stop, and then we recommend walking along Bazaiskaya Street. You can go to these wonderful places by car.

Along the river Bazaikhe

Due to the specifics of the Eastern region, we will first consider it as a whole, and then lay the most interesting trails along it. And we will begin our acquaintance with the Torgashinsky Range and the Bazaikha River, with the tributaries of the Berezovka River, originating in the Torgashinsky Range. The Bazaikha River begins in the Mansky district of the region near the village of Novoalekseevka. It flows in a general direction to the northwest, winding strongly between the mountains that form the sides of its valley. River loops of this type are called meanders in geography, after the Meandros River in Asia Minor (now the Great Menderes River in Turkey), which is characteristic of such bends. Bazaikh meanders have been preserved since ancient times, when there was almost a plain here. Gradually, over millions of years, the whole area was slowly rising, and the river had time to wash out its bed in it, preserving the flat bends. Meanders of Bazaikha, as well as Esaulovka and Many, are their good sights.

From the village of Erlykovka on the road Maganskoye - Beret to the pioneer camp "Swallow", which is already within the boundaries of Krasnoyarsk, there are no settlements along the river. Only a few cordon houses of the Stolby reserve stand within the protected area. From the mouth of the Bolshoy Inzhul to Kaltat, the northern border of the Stolbov passes along Bazaikha, and along the entire course of this section, Bazaikha enters the protected zone of the reserve. The strip - Bazaikha from Erlykovka to the mouth, and nearby the Bazaikha forests covering the Torgashinsky Range and the mountains near Magansk - stretched for fifty to sixty kilometers, reaching a width of ten to fifteen kilometers. The northern border of this strip is Krasnoyarsk, the eastern - Railway. Mountains rise along the axial line of the strip, and many peaks have marks of more than six hundred meters above sea level, and the highest mountain in this area - Chernaya Sopka, or Karatag, reaches almost seven hundred meters. To match her and her southern neighbor - Mount Kamala.

The mountains are covered mainly with coniferous forests, in some places there are birches along old clearings, along streams - spruce and fir forests. Torgashinsky Ridge and Bazaikha river(its meadows and floodplain areas) have a remarkable flora: here there are plants that are not typical for this taiga zone, plants that seem to have come from more high zone mountains: edelweiss, mountain poppies, Kuril tea, catchment areas, some orchids and lilies. And there are plants that are characteristic of West Siberian Plain, - spring adonis, evenings and others, there are plants of the steppes, especially along the southern, sun-drenched slopes of the Torgashinsky ridge above Bazaikha. Of course, you can not tear these plants left here from other geological eras. Such plants are called relict.

The forester's house on Bazaikha near the glade of rallies

For the first acquaintance with the Bazaikhsko-Torgashinsky site, we will go by boat along the Bazaikhe River during the spring flood of waters, we will try to discern the Bazaikhsky bends and the Bazaikhsky urmans. We could make the same trip on foot in August-September, when Bazaikha becomes shallow and here and there you can ford along it, bypassing the river clamps.

From the Maganskaya platform we will get by bus to the small village of Erlykovka and from there we will set sail on a comfortable tourist boat. It can be PSN-6, PSN-10, kayak, small raft. If we go along the river, without mooring to the shore, go by self-rafting, then the whole journey will take us twelve to fourteen hours.

Bazaiha at Near Camels

At Yerlykovka, a bridge crosses Bazaikha. Here is the road to Manu, to the village of Beret. This is the bridge we start from. On the left bank of the river lies a fairly large meadow. Below the bridge, the river becomes narrow, the sides of the valley rise above the river by two hundred - two hundred and fifty meters. After a kilometer and a half - a sharp left turn - one of the famous Bazaikha bends begins. The river goes around the hill, flows as if in the opposite direction and again turn - right. Soon after the turn on the right, a gentle log with mowing meadows appears. Here, at a time when wood was flowing along Bazaikha, there was a dam that helped deliver wood to its destination. This log on the right is called Gentle (and also - Duryndin log, or Ilkin key). You can come here from Magansk in a little over an hour. Most often from here, from the mouth of this log, Bazakhi travels begin.

There are paths along the banks of Bazaikha, and in summer time we still use them. There are trails, as a rule, even on both banks of the river - the remains of the trails of timber rafters. The trails go not only near the water, they sometimes climb the coastal steeps.

Shortly after the Gentle log on the right we will see high banks with rocks along their tops - these are Far Camels, and immediately after turning to the right on the left bank a log is again visible - the Veseliy stream. From it to the mouth of the Big Inzhul, from where the Stolby reserve begins and where the first cordon of the reserve stands, the river flows straight, giving space to narrow meadows on the left.

It must be said that in the straight sections of the river valley, Bazaikha is quite radiant, therefore, when rafting on a boat, there is a danger of jumping out from behind a turn right onto a tree that has fallen into the water. So you have to go by boat according to the rules of an unfamiliar river: sticking to the short bank in the loops of the river, crossing the current on the riffles to the short bank. This reduces the speed of the alloy, but increases safety. River loops begin again from Inzhul, the mountains near the river seem to become smaller, recede to the sides, but the forests still surround the river. When you quietly swim alone, not in a group, you often see waterfowl, water-loving birds: ducks, waders, kingfisher, and in summer the fisher eagle - osprey.

Sometimes there is such a clean, park-like section of the forest along the shore that you want to get off the boat and take a walk along it. Left turn, right turn, left again - a small straight section, and we come to the Yakhontova glade, to the mouth of the Yakhontov log.

If you wander through the forest in the mountains near the Yakhontov log, you can find old road, in the rut of which pine trees grew in half the girth of the arms, half a hundred to a hundred years to such a tree. It turns out that there used to be some kind of economic life here: mowing, forest preparation, fishing, tar was driven, tar. When it was? Who will tell now?

Behind the Yakhontova Polyana, a long bend of the river begins; at the base of the loop, the river is divided by a very narrow mountain spur, crowned at the top with bizarre rocks - the remnants of the summit denudation. These are Near Camels, there is a path to them from the city. The townspeople used to often go to the Camels to relax, swim, fish, admire the rocks. As a rule, they went from overnight - from Friday to Sunday evening.

Bazaikha below Erlykovka

Several trails leave Yakhontovaya Polyana: along the Yakhontov Log to Magansk, along the Dry Log to the Petryashino stop and to Zykovo, past the high mountains of Kamala and Chernaya Sopka. And again interesting fact- once there, along the eastern slopes of Kamala and Chernaya Sopka, bypassing the river valleys was wheeled road to a city of which only old traces remain.

And the third path - it crosses the river loop in a narrow place, goes to another slope of the spur and goes along the Uchasvenny log to the Sredny log, to the northern slopes of the Torgashinsky ridge, to the village of Kuznetsovo, to Krasnoyarsk Cheryomushki.

A strange feeling almost always overtakes me in these places on Bazaikh. I know that not far from here, behind these mountains, our city of a million people is noisy, and here - like centuries ago - primitive silence, only the river rustles, the birds sing. The southern slopes of the right bank are filled with the sun, and it is warm from them, like from a stove. It smells of fir, the kingfisher catches fish, orange flames blaze on the frying lawn, along the hidden watercourse a strip of blue mountain catchments blooms, aliens from the high Sayan.

The hourly log has several surviving names, among them are Uskovin, Krestovy, Khairyuzovy, as if reflecting some toponymic layers of time in these places of tourist loneliness. However, on May weekends, in early June, whole fleets of Krasnoyarsk water tourists pass here, up to a hundred tourists in two days, up to five thousand a month. In winter and closer to spring, there are only occasionally chains of skiers from Magansk to Krasnoyarsk, or even only two or three people. How quiet it is in winter!

Behind the Uchasenny Log, on the left, near the Medvezhka River, there is a cordon of the Stolby Reserve. And on the right, a rare river terrace on Bazaikha with unexpected light forest - old fellings, after which for some reason the forest did not want to grow. This terrace is called Veranda. Behind it, mountains again rise above the river, cut by rare ravines-logs - Malaya Vaila and below - Big Vaila. Dry slopes, overgrown with dry-loving steppe grasses, bluish in appearance, are also a foreign inclusion in vegetable world taiga.

On the left is the mountain-taiga massif of the high mountain in the vicinity of Krasnoyarsk - Abatak, the top of which goes into the sky for a mark of eight hundred meters. She is in protected areas strict regime, where the path is closed for tourists.

At the end of the straight stretch, which began from the mouth of Bolshaya Vaila, the river enters the technically most difficult section of the rafting - the Abatak threshold near the rocky pressure of the right bank. This is a typical rapid on the river, with stones in the channel, with a clamp on the turn, with a large shaft along the core of the current, while some of the empty shafts carry a capsizing moment. The length of the nut is about two hundred meters, of which the most dangerous are seventy to one hundred meters. Inspection before passing can be done both on the left and on the right bank of the river, while the right bank is rocky and high, and the left one is gentle and low. With some skill in passing such rapids-shiver, with knowledge of your boat and its driving performance, with a working crew, the threshold is nothing dangerous.

Bazaikh "Alps"

In previous years, Krasnoyarsk water tourists held their first season kayak competitions on whitewater here. The camp was usually located on the right bank below the threshold on the terrace of the river.

At the head of the rapid, the river enters a narrowness, making a turn to the left almost at a right angle, and at the end of the rapid, it again changes the direction of the flow - to the right. After the threshold - a direct current to the Davydov log, from which a small stream flows. The river is quite calm, but shallow, at low water there is a knee-deep ford.

And again a tear downstream on the banks of Bazaikha is a dense dark coniferous forest, and on the right is the dry slopes of the Torgashinsky Range of southern orientation, plant communities they are also characteristic not for the taiga, but for the steppes of Khakassia. In early spring - coltsfoot, in summer - thyme, veronica, carnations. Behind the cape, its left tributary, the Namurt River, flows into Bazaikha. Behind Namurt, the Bazaikha valley expands somewhat, wide meadows appear with spruce groves on them, galleries along the river - willow, alder, bird cherry thickets in a narrow strip along the water. Here, in the widening of the Bazakhi valley, there are even oxbow lakes.

The river in the section from Namurt to Synzhul makes many meander loops, which look especially beautiful from the steep right bank.

Below the mouth of the Namurt, in the Bazaikhi valley, there is a beautiful, memorable rocky remnant with a grotto facing the river. And on the right you can see the Barn Log with mighty alluvial fans overgrown with grass, pine and rare birches.

At the mouth of the Synzhul, at the cordon of the reserve, clearly visible from the river, Bazaikha again enters the narrowness, its banks converge again, but it still winds, although its current here is free, fast, unhindered.

To the left, dark coniferous forests are again on the slopes of the mountains, and to the right ... On the right, we come to an interesting section of the river, to weathered ancient rocks, which, like statues, stand above the slopes of the valley. Look at them from the river. You should definitely go there on foot and see it all up close.

We come to the mouth of a small stream that flows in from the right, having washed out for thousands of years a huge log, branched in its top part. Both the brook and the log are called Bolgash, there is another name - "the log of the village of the Marble Quarry." Before the war and after it, not far from here, on the left bank of Bazaikha, within the boundaries of the present reserve, marble tiles and marble chips were mined for construction needs. The quarry was closed only because of the substandard qualities of marble, and not at all because it was in the reserve. The settlement where the workers of the marble quarry lived was located in the Bolgash log. When the quarry finished its work, the village also died out. However, some residents did not leave their homes, and the houses of the village are still standing.

At the mouth of the Bolgash, the first bridge across the Bazaikha, on low-lying sports courts in not very large water, passes under the left bank of the river.

Here, to the mouth of the Bolgash, there are many trails from the Torgashinsky Range, here is the node of the tourist network of weekend hikes along the Torgashinsky site. This is discussed ahead.

From the mouth of the Bolgash again a straight and clean section. Here the river valley expands somewhat, on the left and on the right there are narrow terraces with meadows, birches, shrubs: bird cherry, viburnum, willows; pine is also found in separate specimens. Ahead is one of the Pillars of the reserve - Kovrizhki. The pillar is real, manhole, but rarely visited, although it is located near the road itself.

From Kovrizhek the river turns to the right, leaving behind a large beautiful meadow with groves of birches, individual pines, with meadow flowers. This is a glade of rallies and competitions of Krasnoyarsk tourists. Gatherings of tourists of the RSFSR are also held here. Almost every year Bazaikha hosts the first slalom kayaking competition of the season.

On the left bank of the river opposite the glade of rallies - a wall of rocks, between the rocks and the river - the road to the village of Bolgash, to the cordon on the river Synzhul. There was a heavy concrete bridge at the end of the rally clearing. A few years ago it was demolished by ice drift, and concrete blocks are still in the water. They are a source of danger for small craft. Behind the broken bridge - Shiverka, shallow place, immediately behind it is a new bridge, high and safe, and next to the bridge on the right bank is the forester's house. There is a nameless log near the forester's house in the massif of the Torgashinsky Range, and in it the path, on a low saddle, diverging into three sides: to the left steeply upwards - to the road along the high Bazaikha spur of the Torgashinsky Range, the path goes straight on a gentle ascent to the non-torque road to the pass in the Torgashinsky Range at the top of the Blooming log, and the third path descends from the saddle along a small log into the valley of the Bolgash stream and goes there above the houses of the village. These trails will be useful for hiking along the Torgashinsky Range.

Below the bridge begins the territory occupied by pioneer camps. They are located on the left bank, and on the right - a high slope of the ridge with steep ravines. Below the left tributary of the Bazaikha - the Kaltat River - rocky outcrops - limestones - are visible along the ridge. Kaltat flows from the Stolbov Highlands, its network of streams permeates all the Stolbs: Aesthetic and Wild regions, Kaltats stones.

From the mouth of the Kaltat to the Bazaikha there is a fast swaying current. A terrace begins on the right, on it is the pioneer camp "Grenada" of the Krasmash plant, and in front of the camp there is a bridge. Tourist boats pass easily under the bridge. It happens that the bridge is destroyed by spring waters. In general, where are the bridges at small river, there are surprises. There is again a bridge behind the pioneer camp, but this is already a stable road bridge, and for rafting it does not present any difficulties in any water.

Below the bridge, the river in its course cuts through river floodplains, on which willows, birches, viburnum, turf, shrub layer grow densely. And after a kilometer from the bridge, it again approaches the root bank. On the right, a red rock rises above the river - Cape Goat. At Cape Goat and below it, coastal booms have been preserved, a dam near the coast, the current beats into it. Immediately below this section, there is a right turn and behind it is a bridge. The bridge stands low above the water and is impassable in high water. For kayaks and PSN. The current here is very strong, and the danger of falling under the bridge is very great.

From this bridge to the mouth of the river five or six kilometers. The river here, as it were, becomes smaller, becomes, as it were, less watery, dries up. Here, within the city, within the boundaries of summer cottages, the river is very cluttered.

In narrowness, near the rocks of the right bank, along middle water you can finish your journey through Bazaikhe. On high water, the rafting can be continued to the Krasnoyarsk Divnogorsk auto bridge.

We passed along one of the borders of the Bazaikha travel region. It takes two days for such a trip, and if you don’t rush and stop in some places for an hour and a half, then it’s better to leave on Friday.

Brook Bolgash

Bazaikha, Mana, Mansky and Bazaikha coasts, rocks are extremely interesting. They are located at the junction of physical and geographical countries, at the junction of different geographical formations. Everything is mixed up here: rocks, plant communities, the world of birds and even the weather. Bazaikha, its valley, its logs are good for spring-winter ski trips. In the wind-sheltered valley of Bazaikhi, on some days of the end of winter it is so warm that we used to ski across it without shirts, as in a ski resort.