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How much does a parachute weigh d 5. Textbook for a sergeant of the airborne troops. Parachute belay device

Paratrooper? What are they made from? You will find answers to these and other questions in the article. A parachute is a device made of fabric, made in the form of a semicircle, to which a load or suspension system is attached with straps. It slows down the movement of an object in the air. Parachutes are used to delay the movement of winged vehicles during landing and jumps from fixed objects (or from aircraft) for the purpose of reliable descent and landing of cargo (people).

Varieties

Many people are interested in knowing how many lines a paratrooper's parachute has. At first, air umbrellas were used for a soft landing of a person on Earth. Today, with the help of them, people are rescued, parachuted from the air. In addition, they serve as sports equipment.

Cargo sky umbrellas were invented for landing cargo and cars. Several such devices can be used simultaneously for landing heavy equipment. Rescue systems on light aircraft are a variation of them. Such devices consist of a parachute and forced extension accelerators (rocket, ballistic or pyrotechnic). When a dangerous situation arises, the pilot activates the rescue equipment and the plane parachutes to the ground. These practices are often criticized.

Small stabilizing parachutes (which are also exhaust parachutes) regulate the position of the body during a relaxed descent. Restraint air umbrellas were developed to shorten the stopping distance on vehicles and ships, to stop cars in drag racing. For example, Tu-104 aircraft and early Tu-134 models were equipped with such devices.

In order to slow down the speed spacecraft when landing on a celestial object or while moving in the atmosphere, parachutes are also used. It is known that ordinary round sky umbrellas have been developed for landing people and cargo. And there are also round parachutes made in the form of a Rogallo wing, with a retracted apex, band parachutes for supersonic speed, parafoils - wings in the form of an ellipse or a rectangle, and many others.

Devices for disembarking people

So, how many lines does a paratrooper's parachute have? For a safe landing of a person, experts have developed the following types of air umbrellas:

  • special purpose;
  • rescue;
  • training;
  • landing;
  • shell gliding parachute systems (sports).

The basic types are landing (round) parachutes and "wing" systems (shell gliders).

Types of army "air umbrellas"

Each soldier should know how many lines a paratrooper's parachute has. Army sky umbrellas come in two types: square and round. The canopy of a landing round parachute is a polygon, which, when filled with air, takes the form of a hemisphere. The top has a cutout (or less dense fabric) in the center. Such systems (for example, D-5, D-10, D-6) are distinguished by the following high-altitude characteristics:

  • working usual height - from 800 to 1200 m;
  • the maximum height of the ejection is 8 km;
  • the lowest ejection level is 200 m with a descent on a filled canopy of at least 10 seconds and a stabilization of 3 seconds.

Round landing parachutes are difficult to control. They have approximately equal horizontal and vertical speed (5 m/s). The weight of these devices is as follows:

  • 13.8 kg (D-5);
  • 11.7 kg (D-10);
  • 11.5 kg (D-6).

Square parachutes (for example, the Russian "Leaf" D-12, T-11 USA) have additional slots in the arch, with the help of which the parachutist controls the horizontal movement. They also improve maneuverability. The horizontal speed of products is up to 5 m/s, and the speed of descent is up to 4 m/s.

D-6

And now let's find out how many lines the D-6 paratrooper's parachute, which was developed by the Research Institute of Parachute Engineering (Aviation Equipment holding), has. It is used for combat and training jumps from transport aircraft. Previously, it was used by the USSR.

Today, the modified D-6 device of the fourth series, along with the new D-10, is used by flying clubs and airborne troops. Its domed corrective system consists of lines, a stabilizer with a link, and a top base. Along the lower edge of the vault, under the reinforcing radial tapes, 16 ropes from the ShKP-200 kapron rope are threaded and stitched. The length of the extreme lines, placed in a free state on each loop, from the lower edge of the top to the stabilizer loops, is 520 mm, and the middle ones are 500 mm.

Nuances D-6

The base of the D-6 dome is made of nylon material art. 560011П, and the overlay is made of the same fabric, but has art. 56006P. Between the lines No. 15A and 15B, 1A and 1B, on the basis of the dome there are slots of 1600 mm in size, designed to turn the arch during descent. At the top there are 30 cables made of ShKP-150 kapron rope. To the free edges of the suspended structure No. 2 and 4, 7 lines are attached, and to No. 1 and 3 - 8 lines each.

The length of the straps in a free position from the half-ring buckles to the lower edge of the dome is 9000 mm. Marks are drawn on them at a distance of 200 mm from the lower edge of the vault and 400 mm from the half-rings-buckles of the free ends. They are great for facilitating the installation of dome cables. Coordination ropes are sewn to slings No. 15A and 15B, 1A and 1B. The dome has an area of ​​83 sq. m.

Control lines are made of kapron red harness ShKPkr. They are passed through rings sewn to inside free ends of the suspended structure.

D-10

And now we’ll tell you how many lines the D-10 paratrooper’s parachute has. It is known that this sky umbrella replaced the D-6 parachute. Its dome, made in the form of a squash, with a beautiful appearance and improved performance has an area of ​​100 square meters. m.

The D-10 device was made for the landing of novice paratroopers. With it, you can perform combat and training jumps from the transport-military Il-76, An-2 aircraft, Mi-6 and Mi-8 helicopters. On the ejection, the flight speed is 140-400 km / h, the smallest jump height is 200 m with stabilization for 3 seconds, the maximum is 4000 m with a flight mass of a person of 140 kg, the decrease occurs at a speed of 5 m / s. The D-10 parachute has different line lengths. It weighs little and has a lot of control options.

Each soldier knows how many lines the main parachute of the D-10 paratrooper has. The device has 22 ropes with a length of 4 meters and 4 cables connected to the loops of the dome slots, 7 m in size from a nylon rope ShKP-150.

The parachute is also equipped with 22 additional external lines from the ShKP-150 harness, 3 m long. In addition, it has 24 internal additional ropes from the ShKP-120 harness, 4 m in size, attached to the base lines. Cables 2 and 14 are connected by a pair of internal additional slings.

D10P

What is good landing parachute? D-10 and D10P are amazing systems. The D10P device is designed so that it can be converted to D-10 and vice versa. It can be practiced without stabilization for forced opening. And you can attach it, put the parachute to work with adjustment - and into the plane, into the sky ...

The D10P dome is made of 24 wedges, the lines have a tensile strength of 150 kg each. Their number is identical to the number of cables of the sky umbrella D-10.

Spares

And how many lines does a paratrooper's reserve parachute have? It is known that the design of the D-10 allows the use of spare air umbrellas type 3-5, 3-4, 3-2. The opening of the two-cone lock is insured by parachute devices PPK-U-165A-D, AD-ZU-D-165.

Consider a reserve parachute 3-5. It consists of the following parts: a canopy with lines, a suspension intermediate system, a satchel, a manual opening link, a parachute bag and a passport, and auxiliary parts.

The reserve parachute contributes to the creation of a safe rate of descent (landing). It is a load-bearing surface made in the form of a framed surface layer with load-bearing parts that connect the top to the suspension intermediate system.

The parachute has a round arch with an area of ​​50 square meters. m, which consists of four sectors made of five nylon panels. These components are sewn together with a seam in the castle.

24 slings made of ShKP-150 nylon rope are attached to the dome hinges. Their longitude in a free position from the lower edge of the arch to the half-rings of the suspended intermediate system is 6.3 m. To simplify the laying of the arch, the 12th line is made of a red cord (or an identification red sleeve is sewn on it).

On each rope at a distance of 1.7 m from the lower edge of the vault there is a black mark indicating the place where the lines are laid in the cells of the pack.

Interaction of parts

If the main parachute does not work, the paratrooper must sharply pull out the pull ring of the manual opening element by hand. As a result, the pockets of the exhaust device, located around the pole clearance, being in the air stream, pull out the vault and lines of the reserve parachute from the satchel and remove the person from it.

Under the influence of air flow, the dome of this device fully opens, providing a normal landing.

Instructions for skydiving D-5 series 2. (opening delay 3 seconds)

Preparation at the start

At the command “Take off to dress”, recorded on this take-off and named by last name, the paratroopers approach the packing table laid out at the start where the parachute equipment is located and each stand next to their parachute, which the instructor will point them to.
At the same time, you should not try to put on a parachute on your own, as well as raise or turn it over or the parachutes of your neighbors, since, due to your lack of experience in handling parachute equipment, you can simply “dissolve” the parachute right at the start. Therefore, every first-time paratrooper, in without fail Experienced athletes and instructors help to put on a parachute.
In addition to the main parachute, in this case D-5 p.2, the kit includes a reserve parachute Z-5, a hard helmet, and a parachute bag that is placed under the chest bridge and reserve. Both parachutes and the main D-5s.2 and reserve Z-5 are equipped with PPKU safety devices.

Starting inspection

After parachute system and ammunition fitted and dressed paratroopers go to the starting inspection line.
The starting inspection line is a conditional line a few meters from the stacking tables, as a rule, it is marked with red flags along the edges.
Having reached the starting inspection line, the paratroopers line up in one line. From this moment it is strictly forbidden: to leave the inspection line, change places with other paratroopers on the line, as well as to be on the line to unauthorized persons.
On the starting inspection line, all paratroopers, or rather their parachutes and ammunition, will be examined twice by at least two instructors for the correct packing of parachutes and the readiness of parachute equipment for use for the jump.
At the same time, all first-time paratroopers, without fail, are placed by weight in the sequence in which they will leave the aircraft, so that the heavier paratrooper would be the first and the lighter extreme. This is done in order to minimize the possibility of convergence of paratroopers in the air.

Boarding the plane

After the inspection is completed, the paratroopers, at the command of the instructor, go to the aircraft in the same order as they were on the starting inspection line. Approach to the aircraft is allowed only from the tail side. Landing is carried out strictly at the command of the instructor. When boarding an aircraft, it is necessary to follow the same sequence that was on the line of sight, so that lighter paratroopers are closer to the cockpit and heavy paratroopers are closer to the doors of the aircraft (except for some types of helicopters where the doors are next to the cockpit).
On the plane, paratroopers are seated, according to the instructions of the instructor, on the left and right sides, with their backs to the wall, half a turn towards the door ("Christmas tree"). You should avoid unnecessary movements and "fidgeting" so as not to accidentally catch the parachute pack on any protruding objects or parachutes of neighboring paratroopers. In addition, you can’t grab the pull ropes coming from the parachutes, which the instructor will hook with carabiners to a special cable located under the ceiling of the aircraft. The connection of the D-5 p.2 parachute lanyard with the aircraft cable ensures the release of the stabilizing parachute from the chamber at the moment of separation, and is the main condition for the normal operation of the parachute on initial stage.
After placing the paratroopers on board the aircraft, the releasing instructor closes the door and reports to the pilot about the readiness for takeoff.
The issuing instructor is the most trained skydiver instructor whose duties include organizing parachute jumps immediately from the moment the paratroopers board and until they leave aircraft. The commands of the issuing instructor are obligatory for unquestioning fulfillment by all paratroopers on board.

Takeoff and climb

Having received a report from the issuing instructor on the readiness of the paratroopers, the aircraft commander begins to take off.
At an altitude of 100-150 meters, the graduating instructor instructs the first-time skydivers to look out the windows. Skydivers must memorize what the ground looks like at this altitude, as the ability to visually determine an altitude of 100-150 meters will be required in preparation for landing.
Upon reaching a height of more than 700 meters, the issuing instructor (or paratroopers under his control) pulls out the halyard with a flexible pin from the safety devices of the PPKU on the reserve parachutes of first-time paratroopers (this ensures that the device is ready for forced opening of the reserve reserve parachute at an altitude of about 300-400 meters )
When an aircraft enters a combat course, the graduating instructor gives the command "Ready".
At the “Ready” command, the paratroopers take the main parachute draw ring with their right hand, after inserting the right hand into the rubber band attached to the ring (the rubber band is necessary so that the ring is not lost after use).
At the height of the drop, which is 800-900 meters for first-time paratroopers, the releaser opens the door and, after making sure that the aircraft is at the point necessary for landing, gives the command "Stand up"
Since, due to the sound of the aircraft engine and wind noise after opening the door, commands given by voice can be heard with distortion, in order to exclude the possibility of their misunderstanding, the issuing instructor duplicates all commands with his hands.
The “Stand up” command is accompanied by an upward movement of the outstretched arm, while the arm is directed towards the side that the paratroopers will leave first. As a rule (but not always) the paratroopers located on the port side are the first to jump.
On this command, all paratroopers sitting on the indicated side stand up and turn towards the door, and all paratroopers of the opposite side remain in their places.

branch

After all paratroopers have stood up and turned towards the door, the releasing instructor gestures for the first jumper, the one closest to the doors, to take the jumping position.
At this command, the parachutist approaches the door, puts his left foot on the edge (door threshold), and assumes a position at 90 degrees relative to the tail of the aircraft, the right hand firmly holds the main parachute draw ring, and the left hand fixes right hand in the area of ​​​​the wrist, the hands themselves are pressed to the chest, as it were, “cross over”, the elbows are tightly pressed to the sides, and the legs are half-bent to make a jump, while the toe of the left leg, located on the edge (threshold) of the door, slightly protrudes outward.
It is also necessary to bend down, or bend your head, so that at the moment of the jump you do not touch the upper bar of the door with your head.
In this case, the parachute pull rope should in no case be in front of the parachutist.
Having taken the starting position, the parachutist waits for the “Go” command. Separation without a release team is strictly prohibited.
The graduating instructor asks the skydiver the question “Ready?”, And after making sure that he is ready to jump, he gives the command “Let's go!”
Team "Go!" without fail, it is duplicated by the clap of the hand of the detached paratrooper on the shoulder or back. Considering the tense psychological condition, in which a distorted perception of voice commands is possible, the first-time skydiver is obliged to focus, to a greater extent, not by ear, precisely on a tap on the shoulder.
Hearing the command "Let's go!" and, having felt a tap on the shoulder, the parachutist without delay, but without too much fuss, energetically pushes off the side of the aircraft, and maintaining the grouping position; hands on the chest, elbows pressed to the body and legs immediately after the push are brought together, the count starts 501. 502. 503. The count is made loudly and aloud. It is unacceptable to count: one, two, three, or keep counting “to yourself”.
Thanks to the countdown in this mode, by the time the skydiver says 503, approximately three seconds will have passed from the moment he leaves the aircraft, this is exactly the time that is necessary for the skydiver to move away from the aircraft at a distance that ensures the safe opening of the parachute.
Immediately upon reaching the reading of 503, the parachutist pulls the main parachute draw ring forcefully in the direction away from himself and towards the leg.
In a fraction of a second after pulling out the pulling ring, the parachutist will feel a dynamic shock, which is felt as a sharp jerk with an instant stop of the fall and is a sign of the opening and filling of the parachute canopy.

Dome work

After feeling a dynamic jerk, indicating that the parachute is open, the skydiver must perform the following actions:
1. Inspect the dome to assess its integrity, proper filling, and performance.
2. Look around to avoid possible convergence with other skydivers.
3. Unlock the safety device of the reserve parachute.

In order to inspect the dome, you need to raise your head up so that you can see the entire dome, from its front edge to the back. The dome must be of a regular round shape, without gusts, overlaps and breaks in the lines. The canopy of the D-5 parachute in normal working condition is a hemisphere well filled with air flow, made of material white color, from the edge of which to the free ends suspension system stretched, in strict order without intersecting, 28 lines.
Inspection of the canopy is the first action that a parachutist must perform immediately after opening the parachute.

The next action of the skydiver is to look around to make sure that there is no threat of convergence (collision) with other skydivers. When looking around, it is not enough just to look to the right, to the left and in front of you, you must also look behind you to make sure that there are no other skydivers dangerously close behind you. To do this, the parachutist needs to turn around in the suspension system.
U-turn in the harness this is done as follows: the skydiver throws his head back and with one hand (let's say the right one) takes the rear left free end in the region of the left shoulder, while the hand is held between the skydiver's face and the rear free ends, at the same time the paratrooper is taken with the second hand (respectively, the left) behind the front right free end at the level of the right shoulder, while the hand is held in front of the front free ends. After that, the rear and front free ends are pulled towards each other. As a result, the free ends twist and the harness begins to unfold, allowing the skydiver to inspect the space behind him. After inspection, the parachutist releases the free ends and returns him to his original position. When viewed from the sides, it is also necessary to examine the space below you in order to exclude the possibility of accidentally falling into the canopy of a parachutist located below.
Inspection of the canopy and inspection on the sides are a mandatory action after opening the parachute, only after that, having made sure of his own safety, the parachutist can begin to work directly under the canopy. (But as a rule, at this stage, from a person making his first jump, in addition to the above actions, no special work under the canopy is required, since his entire “route” has been calculated in advance by the head of the jumps and the releasing instructor.)

The third action of the parachutist after opening the D-5s.2 parachute is to unlock the safety device of the reserve parachute in order to prevent it from working at a given height.
To do this, the skydiver takes the red line on the reserve parachute with the fingers of one hand and carefully pulls it out of the soft white loop, holding this loop with the fingers of the other hand.

All these three actions are performed in a strictly specified sequence, namely: inspection of the canopy, inspection on the sides, unlocking the reserve parachute.

After that, for convenience and a more comfortable descent, the parachutist needs to sit in the harness.
To do this, the skydiver needs to take one hand (for example, right) on the rear free end (also right) and thumb put the other hand (left hand) under the circular strap approximately in the region of the back pocket of the trousers, and lifting the leg bent at the knee (in this case, the left one), sharply pulling up, bring the circular strap as deep as possible under you. Then change hands and repeat the same on the other side.
You can also sit in the suspension system simply by slipping the thumbs of both hands on the circular strap (in the area of ​​​​the back pockets) and with a sharp jerk bringing it under you.
If it is not possible to sit down in the harness system, then the skydiver descends as it is.

After opening, inspecting the dome and looking around, the skydiver has 1.5 - 2.5 minutes left before landing.

Altitude control and preparation for landing at an altitude of 100-150 meters. (D-5s.2 parachute)

After opening and inspecting the dome, the skydiver constantly monitors the height and position relative to the ground. Altitude control by a novice skydiver who does not have special instruments is carried out by observing the horizon line and visually assessing the approach of the earth.
Immediately after the opening, the horizon is usually observed by a skydiver below him at an angle of approximately 45-60 degrees, the earth looks like topographic map and downward decline is not felt and is not noticed visually.
Gradually, a feeling of downward movement appears, the contours of large objects, buildings, trees, etc. begin to be drawn, and the horizon line rises.
When descending to a height of 100-150 meters, the skydiver begins to fully feel his vertical speed and clearly see trees, buildings, equipment and other large objects on the ground, and the horizon level is at shoulder or eye level. For a more convenient determination of the height of the horizon level, you can raise any arm at an angle of 90 degrees by stretching it towards the horizon, if the horizon is in line with the outstretched arm, this means that the skydiver is at a height of about 100-150 meters.

At an altitude of 100-150 meters, the parachutist must:

1. Determine your position relative to the landing area.
2. Determine the direction of the wind near the ground.

To determine the direction of the wind, the skydiver finds with his eyes a parachute launch and a cone-wind indicator (sorcerer) mounted on it. The sorcerer is a two-color cloth cone fixed on a support (3-6 meters) in the form of a net, with a length of two meters or more. The sorcerer operates on the principle of a weather vane, that is, it turns in the wind with a narrow end. If the parachutist cannot find the sorcerer, or orient himself according to it, then the direction of the wind can be determined by the following additional signs:
1. Domes of previously landed paratroopers. (All canopies of skydivers who have just landed lie on the ground in one direction - the direction of the wind)
2. Smokes from chimneys and fires. (also directed downwind)
3. Dust from passing vehicles (if there are unpaved roads near the landing area)

Having determined the direction of the wind and his position, the parachutist is waiting to reach a height of 30-50 meters

The height of 30-50 meters is determined by the following features:

1. Small objects on the ground become visible, voices and faces of people are distinguishable
2. The rate of decline is felt and visually determined as having increased significantly.

Preparation for landing at an altitude of 30-50 meters. (parachute D-5s.2)

Upon reaching a height of 30-50 meters, the parachutist should take hold of the rear free ends with his hands, squeeze his legs tightly, bend them slightly at the knees and put them forward a little so that from behind the reserve parachute you can see the toes of his shoes, the feet should be firmly pressed to each other and be in the same plane with the landing surface, so that the landing occurs simultaneously on the entire area of ​​​​both feet brought together.

ATTENTION! It must be understood that landing on toes or on heels can lead to injury, and when landing on one foot, injury is almost inevitable.

If the skydiver descends in a position against the direction of the wind or sideways to it (that is, in the direction that does not correspond to the direction of the sorcerer), he it is necessary to turn around in the suspension system in the right direction (so that the wind is directed at the back) and maintain this position until it touches the ground. It is forbidden to release the risers directly in front of the ground, as this will lead to unwinding and meeting the ground with the feet at the time of the turn, which in turn can lead to injury to the skydiver's legs.

If, when assessing the direction of the wind, the skydiver sees that the sorcerer is hanging vertically, which means the complete absence of wind (calm) and the skydiver himself moves forward, then the landing is carried out without turning in the harness.

Having taken the starting position, the parachutist waits for contact with the ground, any attempts to turn around and change position at this moment are prohibited. (Except for the situations provided for in the instructions for actions in special cases)

Landing.

Having touched the ground, the parachutist, not trying to stand on his feet, falls in the direction in which the canopy pulls him along. At the same time, the hands continue to remain at the rear free ends, until they come to a complete stop. After landing, the parachutist, standing on his feet, immediately runs around the canopy and, standing on the side of it, removes the harness system, unfastening in sequence: a reserve parachute, chest bridge, leg loops. Having freed himself from the suspension system, he puts the parachute in the parachute bag and follows to the launch site.

ATTENTION!
The sequence of actions after landing is strictly observed in the order indicated: 1. Stand on the side of the dome. 2. Unfasten the reserve parachute. 3. Unfasten the chest strap. 4. Unfasten the leg loops.
Failure to follow this sequence, in the event of a sudden sharp gust of wind, can lead to an unexpected fall of the parachutist to the ground due to the newly filled canopy, followed by repeated dragging and injury (or strangulation) by the carabiner and straps of the unfastened chest jumper, with the leg loops unfastened earlier.

Dragging.

In the presence of wind after landing, it is possible to drag a parachutist along the ground due to an incompletely extinguished dome. not related to special occasions dragging, however, is fraught with injury to the parachutist on any protruding objects, such as stones, and therefore must be eliminated as quickly as possible.
To eliminate dragging parachutist after landing
rolls over on his stomach (if he fell on his side or back upon landing), spreads his legs as wide as possible and, catching with his hands a few lower ones on the ground, the sling takes them to a break (to avoid cuts and burns of the hands) and intercepts pulls him to himself and to the side, as if pulling the canopy of the parachute towards you. It is necessary to pull the lines until the parachute canopy is completely extinguished (or comes to a complete stop). At strong wind it is possible to stretch the entire length of the lines to the very edge of the canopy, an attempt to stand up to a complete stop (canopy extinguishing) can lead to a second fall to the ground.
After extinguishing the canopy and stopping the dragging, the parachutist, standing up, runs around the canopy and, standing on the side of it, on the leeward side, removes the harness system in the previously described sequence.

Conclusion.

If, upon impact with the ground, the skydiver feels the onset of pain indicating a possible injury, he needs to extinguish the canopy, roll over onto his back (except when the pain intensifies) and raise his hand up to attract attention, wait for help. Trying to get up and move independently to the starting point is prohibited.

Conversely, after a regular landing, the parachutist should get to his feet immediately after the canopy is extinguished, so that the observer of the RP group (jump leader) makes sure that the jump and landing are completed normally.

GOOD JUMPS AND SAFE LANDINGS!

The article was prepared by Oleg Russkikh. Karaganda. This article is the property of the site When copying and reprinting, please indicate the working link.

  • “Of the five thousand residents of Rostov celebrating the Day of the Airborne Forces, only one and a half thousand actually served in the landing troops”

Today is Air Force Day!

Airborne Troops Day!

Day of the Paratroopers or "Paratroopers"!

Of course, every year, the Landing Forces are becoming quieter. Grandiose fights and showdowns with the "Watermelon" mafia in the markets are slowly becoming a thing of the past. Still, our country is becoming more and more rigid to all kinds of lawlessness, on the one hand, on the other hand, we are at war in some places of the ball. And it has long been noticed that if the country's Army leads real fighting, less people bathes in fountains and goes to protest rallies.

Therefore, the question is always relevant, how to distinguish a real paratrooper from someone who just puts on a vest and takes it, or maybe having made a “Throwout” tattoo, thumps in the fountain and tells army tales.

By the way, Muscovites differ in this. Anyone who served in the Airborne Forces knows that it is among those called up from Moscow that rotten soldiers are more common ...

Of course, not all, among the guys from Moscow there are many excellent fighters. I myself had a "druzhban" from the Capital in the army.

But honestly, everyone knows that among the inhabitants of Moscow there are “not quite good comrades”, more than from the outskirts of the country ...

We had a “Moskvich” in our company, the only communist among the soldiers. By the way, he was sent to the army after a “ball” (a ball or another slang expression in the army and airborne forces) in civilian life. He was a released secretary of the Komsomol, I do not remember where. There was a delay, but flew in, and was sent to serve in elite troops. I'm sure he bathes in the fountain and thumps in a beret and vest.

But for one real paratrooper there are several fake ones. So let's start learning to identify the deceiver. I will give below a few questions and some detailed answers to these questions.

Knowing the answers to these questions, you can identify a fake "Landing"!

1. Where did you serve?

The answer to the Airborne Forces or the DSB does not work, as does the DMB (this is a demobilization!). Like the place of service, such as Pskov, Ryazan and so on. Maybe he had heard enough of the army tales of his older brother or neighbor. By the way, in addition, there may even be construction battalion workers in the military camp of the landing unit. For example, in Pskov. If anyone remembers, soldiers from the construction battalion went to the photographer and took photos in the “demobilization parade with axels” and blue beret. They were sent home and boldly told that they were serving in the Airborne Forces. Of course they did it in secret. The construction battalion troops were not very fond of. In Pskov, there was a garrison bay (guardhouse), this is the place where soldiers and officers are kept for minor and major violations military discipline. The bay was guarded by the guard of the Pskov division

2. Part number?

Each military unit has a number. The unit number is driven into the soldier's head. As well as the number of the machine and the military ID. I served almost 30 years ago and still remember.

3. VUS what?

VUS, this military registration specialty is written in the Military ID. If such a Trooper shows you his soldier, then looking at his VUS, you will understand who he really is. “Military registration specialty (VUS) - an indication of the military specialty of an active or in reserve serviceman of the Russian Armed Forces and other troops and formations. Information about the VUS is entered into the military ID. All VUS are divided into groups, the VUS designation itself is a multi-digit number (for example, VUS-250400).

Possible list of military specialties

Apparently, there are no open sources containing the decoding of the codes of all currently operating VUS: the VUS catalog is a document of the Russian Ministry of Defense with a “Secret” degree of secrecy.

The first three digits of the VUS of warrant officers, sergeants, foremen and soldiers indicate specialization (VUS code), for example:

100 - rifle
101 - snipers
102 - grenade launchers
106 - military intelligence
107 - units and divisions of Special Forces
122 - BMD
461 - HF radio stations
998 - not having military training fit for military service
999 - the same, only RESTRICTLY fit for military service, etc.

The next three digits indicate the position (position code):

97 - ZKV
182 - KO
259 - MV
001 - battery man, etc.

The letter at the end indicates "special signs of service":

A - having none
B - missile weapons specialists
D - Airborne Forces
K - crew of surface ships
M - MP
P - V.v.
R - PV (FPS)
S - Ministry of Emergency Situations (?)
T - construction units and subdivisions
F - SpN, etc.
E - Flight personnel for ensigns, sergeants, soldiers

4. How many times did you jump? Usually you will hear mind-blowing numbers of 30-40-50, and maybe 100 jumps. “The annual norm for a conscript soldier is 12 jumps, 6 in each training period. Generally parachute training — required condition service in the Airborne Forces. Everyone is landing - from the general to the private, ”- an interview with Shamanov. Who is not in the know, Vladimir Shamanov Commander of the Airborne Forces and Colonel General. Even in the USSR, jump more than 20 times, for military service was problematic. Because a soldier took up guard duties (this is when a man with a gun guards Guba, warehouses and parks with equipment), went to outfits in the park (where the equipment is), finally to outfit in the dining room (where he peeled potatoes, set the table and washed dishes), stood “on the bedside table” (attire for the company), and so on ... In the army, self-service, the soldier did everything himself and to make the jump, no one released him. Of course, there were sports companies in the army. These are free units, where soldiers mainly train and perform for the unit. For example, where I served, there was a "squadron". Conscripts are skydivers who only jumped and competed. But this is a separate caste, they even went in a peculiar form, officer overcoats and epaulettes of conscripts. The beginnings of a contract army. I am not talking about contract sergeants and ensigns. They were already professional soldiers then. But an ordinary paratrooper did not jump very much. Just like now. Only “for demobilization” they could buy a “nauseous” (badge paratrooper in the form of a dome with a pendant in the form of numbers according to the number of jumps) with large quantity jumps.

5. Did you jump in combat? Many fake paratroopers do not know that the Airborne Forces and all kinds of special forces can jump in several ways.

Here are the simplest ones:

Without weapons and RD (Paratrooper Backpack)

With RD and weapons in the transport position. Automatic, SVD and even RPG, in a special transport case, "screwed" behind the back of a dashing landing.

With RD and GK (Cargo Container)

With weapons "in combat", on the chest under the chest jumper of the suspension system. Allows you to fire while descending on a parachute, directly from the sky.

Then there are night ones, on the forest, on the water, high-rise and so on. Only inside the equipment no one jumps, although this option has been worked out for war. The son of the legendary founder of the Airborne Forces Vasily Margelov, Alexander Margelov, back in 1973 made a parachute jump inside the BMD-1. For this feat, he was awarded the title of Hero of Russia, after 20 years ... Since then, more than 110 people have jumped inside the equipment, but these are testers. An ordinary paratrooper who will tell you about this, just pi ....!

6. Did you jump with the ISS? For reference, the MKS is a multi-dome system for landing equipment, for example MKS-5-760. A person just can't jump with this crap. But I met Landing Forces who claimed that they jumped with her ... In the Airborne Forces, they jump mainly with parachutes: D-1-8 is the oldest parachute, created back in 1959. This parachute has the main advantage, the dome cover clings through an extension halyard to an airplane or helicopter. The paratrooper doesn't even have a ring. Led to the hatch, gave a kick in the ass. Then everything works automatically without any devices. This is the perfect parachute for the first jump. 300% guarantee, the main thing when laying is not to twist the lines. D-1-5U is the oldest controlled parachute. D-6 and all its modifications. You have seen this dome in most films about the Airborne Forces. The paratroopers fly for some time on a stabilizing small canopy. The same canopy extends the main canopy of the parachute, if you pull the ring or when the safety device of the PPK-U type is triggered. PPK-U - Semiautomatic Parachute Combined Unified (device) - designed to open the parachute pack (after a certain period of time at a certain height). Now they plan to put D-10 in the troops. PSN - Parachute Special Purpose. I jumped from PSN-71, it is more manageable. It has rolls for better handling (which we were forbidden to uncheck) and locks on the suspension system. When landing, you can immediately unfasten the dome. For example, in the wind, when jumping into the water or in battle. It was created for the GRU Spetsnaz and reconnaissance units of the Airborne Forces. Software - Planning Shell. These are the same rectangular “wings” or “mattresses” on which all athletes now jump. From PO-9, from the times of the USSR, to modern PO-16, PO-17 and the famous "Crossbows". A conscript has never jumped with such domes!

7. And finally, what is "Razor - smile"? Or were you shaved with a smile? This is a flexible hairpin from the same PPK-U device. In the Airborne Forces and civilian paratroopers, the most fashionable keychain and souvenir. On the neck, on the keys and so on. The hairpin, when unbent, specifically clings to the hairs, no worse than an epilator. In the army, it is used as a punishment for negligent fighters, and just "for fun." Airborne humor, I shaved with a smile. Have you been shaved with a smile? Understandable only to paratroopers.

In principle, there is still a lot of information that only those who served in the Airborne Forces can know. But I think that what I wrote is enough to identify fake paratroopers who dishonor glorious name Troops of Uncle Vasya. Vasily Margelov is the founder of the Airborne Forces and the father of all paratroopers!

Happy Airborne Forces Day to all real paratroopers!
Nobody except us!

I work as a fitness instructor. I have professional education and 25 years of coaching experience. I help people lose or gain weight muscle mass while maintaining health. I conduct training via the Internet or in the Mamba fitness club in the city of Rostov-on-Don.

Designed for training jumps from transport aircraft from a height of up to 8,000 meters at an aircraft speed of up to 400 km/h

PARACHUTE D-5 SERIES 2

D-5 series 2 parachute deployment scheme

1 ─ chamber of the stabilizing dome; 2 ─ stabilizing dome; 3 ─ connecting link; 4 ─ chamber of the main dome; 5 ─ main dome; 6 ─ satchel

General view of the packed parachute D-5 series 2

1 ─ carbine; 2 ─ check tape

Tactical and technical data of the parachute D-5 series 2

1. When total mass parachutist with parachutes no more than 120 kg parachute D-5 series 2 provides:

  • at least 80 applications at flight speeds up to 400 km/h IAS and altitudes up to 8000 m with immediate activation of the stabilizing parachute and subsequent descent on it for 3 s or more;
  • descent stability;
  • the possibility of stopping the descent on the stabilizing dome at any time by opening the two-cone lock with an exhaust ring;
  • the minimum safe height of use from a horizontally flying aircraft at an instrument flight speed of 160 km/h with stabilization of 3 s is ─ 200 m, while the descent time on a fully inflated main canopy is at least 10 s;
  • the average vertical rate of descent, reduced to the standard atmosphere and the total mass of a skydiver with parachutes of 120 kg, in a section of 30-35 m from the ground - no more than 5 m/s;
  • rapid loss of height when sliding without phenomena of folding the canopy;
  • the use of two safety devices (main and backup) with a hose length of 240 mm;
  • fast extinguishing of the canopy after landing when the right free end of the harness is disconnected by means of the OSK-D lock;
  • use of reserve parachutes of type 3-2 or 3-5;
  • the force required to open a two-cone lock with a pull ring or device is not more than 16 kgf.

2. Overall dimensions of the stowed parachute, mm: length without a stabilizing dome in the chamber, mounted on a knapsack, ─ 595+10;

width without parachute device ─ 335 + 10; height ─ 220+10.

3. The mass of the parachute without a portable bag and devices is not more than 13.8 kg.

Tactical and technical data of parts of the parachute D-5 series 2

1.Stabilization Dome Camera cylindrical shape, made of nylon avisent (art. 56039). Chamber length 300 mm, folded width ─ 190 mm. In the upper part of the chamber there is a carabiner, which is attached to the chamber with LTKkrP-26-600 nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf. In the lower part of the chamber, four rings NP-25-8 are sewn diametrically opposite to lock the chamber with the stabilizer rings. In the hem of the upper base of the chamber, a nylon cord-tie ShKP-150 with a strength of 150 kgf is inserted for tightening the upper base of the chamber. A nylon tape LTKrP-26-600 with a strength of 600 kgf was passed into the eye of the carabiner and stitched with a zigzag stitch to secure a rubber honeycomb mounted on a knapsack. Camera weight ─ 0.155 kg.

The chamber is intended for laying the stabilizing dome, lines and the upper part of the stabilizer into it.

2.Stabilizing dome made of nylon fabric (art. 56004P or 56008P) and consists of a base and a sidewall. The dome has the shape of a truncated cone with a large base area of ​​1.5 m². To ensure the filling of the dome, an exhaust device is sewn in its pole part, consisting of eight pockets, the material for which is a dyed calendered fabric (art. 56005krPK or 56005krP). On the outer side of the base of the dome, reinforcing tapes LTKP-15-185 with a strength of 185 kgf and circular tapes LTKP-13-70 with a strength of 70 kgf are stitched in the radial direction. On the dome there are 16 slings made of ShKP-150 nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf. The length of lines No. 1.4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13 and 16 in the free state from the lower edge of the dome to the stabilizer loops is 520 mm, and lines No. 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14 and 15 ─ 500 mm.

For each lateral side the pen is sewn on a tape with a ring for locking with rings sewn on the camera of the stabilizing dome.

The mass of the stabilizing dome is 0.57 kg.

3. connecting link made of nylon tape LTKMkrP-27-1200 with a strength of 1200 kgf in two additions, designed to connect the stabilizing dome with the knapsack at the stage of stabilized descent and with the main dome at all stages of work.

At the top, the connecting link forms a 130 mm loop for attaching the stabilizer thimble. At a distance of 410 mm from the upper loop, a loop of LTKkrP-26-600 nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf was sewn to attach the halyard of the device's flexible pin. Bottom part of the connecting link branches out, forming power tapes, at the ends of which buckles of a two-cone lock are sewn.

Jumpers made of LTK-44-1600 nylon tape with a strength of 1600 kgf are sewn on both sides of the power tapes. A nylon tape with a strength of 1200 kgf is sewn between the jumpers, forming a loop for attaching to the bridles of the camera and the main dome. The triangle formed from the tapes of the connecting link is closed on both sides with kerchiefs made of kapron advisor gray color(art. 56039).

Under one of the scarves of the connecting link, using a nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf, a guide ring for the halyard of the flexible pin of the device is sewn. On the power tapes near the buckles there are arrows to control the correct installation and setting of the power tapes on the two-cone lock. Connecting link length ─ 1030 mm.

Connecting link weight ─ 0.275 kg.

4. Main Dome Camera made of gray nylon fabric (art. 56023krP), designed for laying the main dome and lines, has the shape of a cylinder 635 mm high and 450 mm wide (when folded). The lower base is continued by a special sleeve, in the hem of which an elastic ring is inserted to ensure an orderly exit of the main dome from the chamber.

The surface of the chamber is reinforced with two nylon bands with a strength of 600 kgf, which form a bridle. For the convenience of laying the dome, a scarf made of gray nylon fabric is sewn on the edge of the chamber.

In the hem of the upper base for tightening the chamber

embedded kapron cord with a strength of 150 kgf. Attached to the bottom of the chamber are two pairs of removable rubber honeycombs. On the reverse side, at a distance of 185 mm from the lower base of the chamber, an apron is sewn, which has four windows formed by grommets to pass removable rubber honeycombs.

One middle gazyr is sewn on the chamber, a group of right and a group of left gazyrs for laying slings, three honeycomb distributor tapes with honeycombs from a knapsack cord to hold the slings in the gazyrs.

For the convenience of laying slings, nylon tapes with a strength of 150 kgf are sewn on the gazyrs.

Camera weight ─ 0.44 kg.

5. Parachute canopy D-5 series 2 made of nylon fabric (art. 56009P) has the shape of a twenty-octagon and is designed for safe descent and landing of a parachutist. The area of ​​the dome is 83 m².

To increase strength, the lower edge of the dome is stitched with nylon tapes with a strength of 200 kgf, and its central part─ tapes with a strength of 70 kgf.

28 slings of nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf and a length of 9000 mm are attached to the dome.

Dome weight ─ 8.136 kg.

The shape of the canopy of the D-5 series 2 parachute in plan.

The numbers in a circle are the numbers of the lines, the numbers inside the circle are the numbers of the squares:

1─ panels of the dome; 2, 4 ─ reinforcing frame; 3 ─ loops for slings.

6. suspension system made of nylon tape LTK-44-1600 with a strength of 1600 kgf, designed for convenient placement of a paratrooper and is a connecting link between a paratrooper and a canopy.

The suspension system is equipped with an OSK-D lock and consists of the following main parts: main strap with back and shoulder straps, one pair of detachable free ends, leg straps.

Detachable buckles are fixed at the free ends of the suspension system. FROM reverse side the main strap (on the right ─ below the OSK-D lock, on the left ─ below the curved buckle) are sewn with LTKkrP-43-800 nylon tape with a strength of 800 kgf buckles for attaching belts cargo container. In the lower part, the main strap is bifurcated, the ribbons are sewn end-to-end, and a cotton pad is sewn on them for comfortable sitting in the suspension system.

In the middle of the lower part of the main strap, on the outside, a loop of nylon tape with a strength of 800 kgf is sewn to fasten the cargo container link.

On both sides of the loop at a distance of 150 ─ 165 mm, using a nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf, half-ring buckles are sewn to pull the lower corners of the satchel to the main strap.

The shoulder girths, which formed the chest bridge, then pass through the windows of the main strap and, with the help of rectangular buckles sewn into the ends of the shoulder girths, form a waist girth.

The lower ends of the back-shoulder girths, passed between the tapes of the main strap and enveloping them in several places, form the leg girths.

The mass of the suspension system is 2 kg.

7.knapsack from a kapron avisent consists of a bottom, right and left valves. The bottom of the knapsack is double, a rigidity frame is inserted into it.

The knapsack is designed to accommodate a dome with lines laid in the chamber, parts of the free ends of the suspension system and a safety device. The knapsack has a two-cone lock and a flexible hose covered with a cotton tape LXX-40-130 of lacquer color with a strength of 130 kgf.

Hose length ─ 380 mm.

The mass of the backpack is 2 kg.

8.Pull ring with a cable is designed to open a two-cone lock. It is made of a steel bar and consists of a body, a limiter, a cable and a wire loop.

The mass of the ring is 0.1 kg. Rope length ─ 600 mm.

9.Safety device(main) AD-ZU-240, PPK-U-240B or KAP-ZP-240B.

Device hose length 240 mm, cable length 397 mm, loop length 19 mm, flexible hairpin halyard length

The weight of the safety device is 0.95 kg.

When installing on a parachute only one device for opening a two-cone lock, the device can be equipped with a loop 42 mm long. The earring does not apply in this case.

10. Safety device (duplicate) AD-ZU-240, PPK-U-240B or KAP-ZP-240B.

Hose length ─240 mm, cable length ─ 397 mm, loop length ─19 mm, length of the flexible hairpin halyard ─ 360 mm.

The mass of the device is 0.95 kg.

11. Earring designed to connect the main and backup devices, made of steel. The thickness of the earring is 2.5 mm. The earring has two holes: one is for the cone of the lock, the other is for the hinges of the main and backup devices.

12. Carrying bag rectangular shape, made of cargo advice.

Bag dimensions ─ 260X740X600 mm. The mass of the bag is 0.725 kg.

13. Parachute passport designed to record information about the reception, transfer, operation and repair of the parachute.

The parachute is designed for training jumps from transport aircraft.

Tactical and technical data of the parachute

1. With a total weight of a parachutist with parachutes of no more than 120 kg, the D-5 series 2 parachute provides:

  • at least 80 applications at flight speeds up to 400 km/h IAS and altitudes up to 8000 m with immediate activation of the stabilizing parachute and subsequent descent on it for 3 s or more;
  • descent stability;
  • the possibility of stopping the descent on the stabilizing dome at any time by opening the two-cone lock with an exhaust ring;
  • the minimum safe height of use from a horizontally flying aircraft at an instrument flight speed of 160 km/h with stabilization of 3 s is ─ 200 m, while the descent time on a fully inflated main canopy is at least 10 s;
  • the average vertical rate of descent, reduced to the standard atmosphere and the total mass of a skydiver with parachutes of 120 kg, in a section of 30-35 m from the ground - no more than 5 m/s;
  • rapid loss of height when sliding without phenomena of folding the canopy;
  • the use of two safety devices (main and backup) with a hose length of 240 mm;
  • fast extinguishing of the canopy after landing when the right free end of the harness is disconnected by means of the OSK-D lock;
  • use of reserve parachutes of type 3-2 or 3-5;
  • the force required to open a two-cone lock with a pull ring or device is not more than 16 kgf.

2. Overall dimensions of the stowed parachute, mm: length without a stabilizing dome in the chamber, mounted on a knapsack, ─ 595+10; width without parachute device ─ 335 + 10; height ─ 220+10.

3. The mass of the parachute without a portable bag and devices is not more than 13.8 kg.


Rice. 13. General form packed parachute D-5 series 2: 1 ─ carbine; 2 ─ check tape

Tactical and technical data of parachute parts

1. The chamber of the stabilizing dome is cylindrical in shape, made of nylon avisent (art. 56039). Chamber length 300 mm, folded width ─ 190 mm. In the upper part of the chamber there is a carabiner, which is attached to the chamber with LTKkrP-26-600 nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf. In the lower part of the chamber, four rings NP-25-8 are sewn diametrically opposite to lock the chamber with the stabilizer rings. In the hem of the upper base of the chamber, a nylon cord-tie ShKP-150 with a strength of 150 kgf is inserted for tightening the upper base of the chamber. A nylon tape LTKrP-26-600 with a strength of 600 kgf was passed into the eye of the carabiner and stitched with a zigzag stitch to secure a rubber honeycomb mounted on a knapsack. Camera weight ─ 0.155 kg.

The chamber is intended for laying the stabilizing dome, lines and the upper part of the stabilizer into it.

2. The stabilizing dome is made of nylon fabric (art. 56004P or 56008P) and consists of a base and a sidewall. The dome has the shape of a truncated cone with a large base area of ​​1.5 m². To ensure the filling of the dome, an exhaust device is sewn in its pole part, consisting of eight pockets, the material for which is a dyed calendered fabric (art. 56005krPK or 56005krP). On the outer side of the base of the dome, reinforcing tapes LTKP-15-185 with a strength of 185 kgf and circular tapes LTKP-13-70 with a strength of 70 kgf are stitched in the radial direction. On the dome there are 16 slings made of ShKP-150 nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf. The length of lines No. 1.4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13 and 16 in the free state from the lower edge of the dome to the stabilizer loops is 520 mm, and lines No. 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14 and 15 ─ 500 mm.

On each side of the pen is sewn on a tape with a ring for locking with rings sewn on the camera of the stabilizing dome.

The mass of the stabilizing dome is 0.57 kg.

3. Connecting link made of nylon tape LTKMkrP-27-1200 with a strength of 1200 kgf in two additions, designed to connect the stabilizing dome with the knapsack at the stage of stabilized descent and with the main dome at all stages of work.

At the top, the connecting link forms a 130 mm loop for attaching the stabilizer thimble. At a distance of 410 mm from the upper loop, a loop of LTKkrP-26-600 nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf was sewn to attach the halyard of the device's flexible pin. The lower part of the connecting link branches out, forming power tapes, the ends of which are sewn with buckles of a two-cone lock.

Jumpers made of LTK-44-1600 nylon tape with a strength of 1600 kgf are sewn on both sides of the power tapes. A nylon tape with a strength of 1200 kgf is sewn between the jumpers, forming a loop for attaching to the bridles of the camera and the main dome. The triangle formed from the ribbons of the connecting link is closed on both sides with kerchiefs made of gray nylon adviser (art. 56039).

Under one of the scarves of the connecting link, using a nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf, a guide ring for the halyard of the flexible pin of the device is sewn. On the power tapes near the buckles there are arrows to control the correct installation and setting of the power tapes on the two-cone lock. Connecting link length ─ 1030 mm.

Connecting link weight ─ 0.275 kg.

4. The chamber of the main dome made of gray nylon fabric (art. 56023krP), designed for laying the main dome and lines, has the shape of a cylinder 635 mm high and 450 mm wide (when folded). The lower base is continued by a special sleeve, in the hem of which an elastic ring is inserted to ensure an orderly exit of the main dome from the chamber.

The surface of the chamber is reinforced with two nylon bands with a strength of 600 kgf, which form a bridle. For the convenience of laying the dome, a scarf made of gray nylon fabric is sewn on the edge of the chamber.

In the hem of the upper base for tightening the chamber

embedded kapron cord with a strength of 150 kgf. Attached to the bottom of the chamber are two pairs of removable rubber honeycombs. On the reverse side, at a distance of 185 mm from the lower base of the chamber, an apron is sewn, which has four windows formed by grommets to pass removable rubber honeycombs.

One middle gazyr is sewn on the chamber, a group of right and a group of left gazyrs for laying slings, three honeycomb distributor tapes with honeycombs from a knapsack cord to hold the slings in the gazyrs.

For the convenience of laying slings, nylon tapes with a strength of 150 kgf are sewn on the gazyrs.

Camera weight ─ 0.44 kg.

5. The dome (Fig. 14) made of nylon fabric (art. 56009П) has the shape of a twenty-octagon and is designed for the safe descent and landing of a parachutist. The area of ​​the dome is 83 m².

To increase the strength, the lower edge of the dome is stitched with nylon tapes with a strength of 200 kgf, and its central part is stitched with tapes with a strength of 70 kgf.

28 slings of nylon cord with a strength of 150 kgf and a length of 9000 mm are attached to the dome.

Dome weight ─ 8.136 kg.


Rice. 13. The shape of the dome of the parachute D-5 series 2 in plan. The numbers in a circle are the numbers of the lines, the numbers inside the circle are the numbers of the squares: 1 ─ the panels of the dome; 2, 4 ─ reinforcing frame; 3 ─ loops for slings.

6. Suspension system made of LTK-44-1600 nylon tape with a strength of 1600 kgf is designed for convenient placement of a paratrooper and is a connecting link between a paratrooper and a canopy.

The suspension system is equipped with an OSK-D lock and consists of the following main parts: main strap with back and shoulder straps, one pair of detachable free ends, leg straps.

Detachable buckles are fixed at the free ends of the suspension system. On the reverse side of the main strap (on the right - below the OSK-D lock, on the left - below the curved buckle) are sewn with nylon tape LTKrP-43-800 with a strength of 800 kgf buckles for fastening the belts of the cargo container. In the lower part, the main strap is bifurcated, the ribbons are sewn end-to-end, and a cotton pad is sewn on them for comfortable sitting in the suspension system.

In the middle of the lower part of the main strap, on the outside, a loop of nylon tape with a strength of 800 kgf is sewn to fasten the cargo container link.

On both sides of the loop at a distance of 150 ─ 165 mm, using a nylon tape with a strength of 600 kgf, half-ring buckles are sewn to pull the lower corners of the satchel to the main strap.

The shoulder girths, which formed the chest bridge, then pass through the windows of the main strap and, with the help of rectangular buckles sewn into the ends of the shoulder girths, form a waist girth.

The lower ends of the back-shoulder girths, passed between the tapes of the main strap and enveloping them in several places, form the leg girths.

The mass of the suspension system is 2 kg.

7. The knapsack made of nylon adviser consists of a bottom, right and left valves. The bottom of the knapsack is double, a rigidity frame is inserted into it.

The knapsack is designed to accommodate a dome with lines laid in the chamber, parts of the free ends of the suspension system and a safety device. The knapsack has a two-cone lock and a flexible hose covered with a cotton tape LXX-40-130 of lacquer color with a strength of 130 kgf.

Hose length ─ 380 mm.

The mass of the backpack is 2 kg.

8. The pull ring with a cable is designed to open a two-cone lock. It is made of a steel bar and consists of a body, a limiter, a cable and a wire loop.

The mass of the ring is 0.1 kg. Rope length ─ 600 mm.

9. Safety device (main) AD-ZU-240, PPK-U-240B or KAP-ZP-240B.

Device hose length 240 mm, cable length 397 mm, loop length 19 mm, flexible hairpin halyard length

The weight of the safety device is 0.95 kg.

When installing on a parachute only one device for opening a two-cone lock, the device can be equipped with a loop 42 mm long. The earring does not apply in this case.

10. Safety device (backup) AD-ZU-240, PPK-U-240B or KAP-ZP-240B.

Hose length ─240 mm, cable length ─ 397 mm, loop length ─19 mm, length of the flexible hairpin halyard ─ 360 mm.

The mass of the device is 0.95 kg.

11. An earring designed to connect the main and backup devices is made of steel. The thickness of the earring is 2.5 mm. The earring has two holes: one is for the cone of the lock, the other is for the hinges of the main and backup devices.

12. Carrying bag of rectangular shape, made of cargo advice.

Bag dimensions ─ 260X740X600 mm. The mass of the bag is 0.725 kg.

13. The passport is designed to record information about the acceptance, transfer, operation and repair of a parachute.

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