79 years ago, the Central Executive Committee of the USSR adopted a Resolution on the division of the Azov-Black Sea Territory into Krasnodar region and Rostov region. Since then, neighboring regions have been constantly competing, who is cooler, who is richer, where there are more famous people from and where it is better to go to live.

In the last 10-20 years, the Krasnodar Territory has been an undoubted leader. This can also be seen from the statistics: the population is growing exponentially (according to the results of the last census, Krasnodar residents alone increased by almost 250 thousand people). It is clear that this is facilitated by climatic, economic, and social conditions. If the first is a natural gift, then the second is the merit of people.

Wheat of the Kuban breeder

Thanks to scientific inventions, we eat, drink, heal, communicate, move faster than a horse and much more. And in this area, the Krasnodar Territory has something to be proud of. For example, she was born in the Kuban, lives and works Lyudmila Bespalova, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the creator of more than a hundred varieties of wheat. In any bun, long loaf or other bakery product, there is a piece of work of a well-known breeder, since in our region, which breaks yield records every year, more than 90% of the area is sown with wheat of Bespalova's selection.

The territory of the Kuban was formed from part of the territories occupied before the revolution by the Kuban region and the Black Sea province. At the III Extraordinary Congress of Soviets on May 30, 1918, a decision was made to merge the Kuban and Black Sea republics into a single Kuban-Black Sea Soviet socialist republic. From March 1920 it became a region. In February 1924, the Kuban-Chernomorsk region became part of the vast North Caucasus region with its center in Rostov-on-Don. In January 1934, two regions were created from this region: Azov-Chernomorsky (center - Rostov-on-Don) and North Caucasus (center - Pyatigorsk). On September 13, 1937, the Azov-Chernomorsky Territory was divided into the Rostov Region and the Krasnodar Territory.

“Now there are 7 billion of us on Earth,” the academician said in an interview with AiF-South. - By 2050, 9 billion are expected. About 40 years ago, the potential of our planet was estimated at 10 billion people. Now they say that the Earth can withstand even 30 billion. But everyone needs to be fed. And wheat is the crop that provides humanity with the most calories.”

Over the past forty years, the yield of wheat in the region, largely due to the work of Lyudmila Bespalova, has grown by 50 centners per hectare.

Vladimir Babeshko, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is known worldwide for its research in the field of seismology. And although no one on the planet has yet learned to predict where and, most importantly, when tectonic plates will move, Babeshko's unique methods allow us to count on it soon.

“Soon we will be able to predict the time, place and intensity of an earthquake,” the academician says. - Now we have come to this as close as possible. Do you know why we moved forward with seismic development? Because the country has set a grandiose task - to hold the Sochi Olympics. And the obligation to ensure seismic safety fell on us. I went to Vancouver, met with seismologists, watched how they worked during the Olympics. And as a result, we made our system 3-4 times more powerful - the Canadians themselves admit that there was no such level of seismic safety in any country. Yes, the Olympics are not nuclear project, which greatly advanced Soviet science, but during the preparation for it, we created breakthrough things that no one in the West can do.”

Young people do not lag behind the old guard: last year, the development of Igor Ryadchikov, Head of the Laboratory of Robotics and Mechatronics of KubSU. Together with colleagues, the young scientist created a universal chassis for robots, thanks to which the mechanism can move in any environment, open doors, climb stairs, overcome thresholds and obstacles.

“We looked at similar developments of our colleagues, understood how we could improve and improve them, wrote a new mathematical model and created our own sample,” says Igor Ryadchikov. - The result is a breakthrough technology in the field of movement mobile devices. There has never been one like it before, and no one has yet.”

The development interested many companies, was among the discoveries of the international robotics exhibition Innorobo and should enter the market next year.

Our "Golden"

There have always been enough talented athletes in the region: if you look deeper into history, the first thing to remember is the world famous strongman Ivan Poddubny. And in order not to go far, it is enough to recall the winners of the recent Olympics: judoka Beslan Mudranov, tennis player Elena Vesnina, boxer Evgeny Tishchenko, handball coach Evgeny Trefilov and his wards.

Unfortunately, it was not possible to bring medals to the Kuban trampolines from the current Games, but this sport has been and remains the hallmark of the Krasnodar Territory. Much of this merit Vitaly Dubko - Honored Coach, the world's best trampolining mentor of the 20th century. This year Vitaly Fedorovich turned 80 years old, but he continues to work, giving his best, as at the very beginning of his journey.

In 1965, Dubko, a young school physical education teacher, was called to judge the country's first Trampolining Cup. And the former acrobat liked this sport so much that he returned to Krasnodar and began to train. And in 1976, everyone learned about the Krasnodar trampoline: at the World Championships in American Tulsa, Soviet trampolines won all six gold medals, three of which were brought to Krasnodar by the pupils of Vitaly Dubko Evgeny Yanes and Evgeny Yakovenko. It was then that the famous joke was born, they say, Pashkovka beat America.

In 2000, trampolining made it to the Olympics for the first time, and Dubko's students Irina Karavaeva and Alexander Moskalenko Then they became the first Olympians.

“For the sake of justice, now the trampoline is different: the score is no longer in hundredths, but in thousandths of points,” says Irina Karavaeva. - No one knows if there had been such competition 15-20 years ago, we would have won so many medals. In general, both I and Alexander Moskalenko, perhaps, are still a consequence Soviet system preparation. Our coach Vitaly Fedorovich Dubko spent the day and night in the gym. We were the last "products" of the Soviet system, and then a long-term gap formed. Yes, in recent times something appears again, but the failure is felt - time is lost. A whole generation of coaches - my peers, who could lead to victories - went around the world. One trains the US national team, the second - Australia, the third has completely left the trampoline. And we, as before, demand only gold medals from athletes. But we need to lower our ambitions a little, admit that we have lost a lot, and work, work, work.”

Alexander Moskalenko 16 years ago did a real feat. Recall that in 1998 Moskalenko - the holder of the Guinness record for the number of victories at the world championships - left big sport and went into business. But when the trampoline appeared in the Olympic program, he decided to return, because there was no victory at the Olympics in the huge list of Moskalenko's achievements. The athlete lost 25 kg, got back in shape, went to Sydney and won.

Writer Vladimir Runov:

“I thought for a long time whether to return or not, because I had to turn my life upside down,” recalls Moskalenko. - At first I just wanted to try. When it began to turn out to fight with weight, recover, pump, feel the body - only then did the understanding appear that, in principle, it was possible to fight. The father’s words turned out to be decisive: “If you had a chance, and you didn’t even try, you will reproach yourself all your life. If you tried and lost, neither you yourself nor anyone else will be able to make a claim against you.

"The Last of the Mohicans" of village prose

Viktor Likhonosov not in vain is he called a living classic of Russian literature: the author of Our Little Paris is, indeed, the “last of the Mohicans” of Russian rural prose.

“Everything that he wrote was written freshly, musically, very accurately,” said the famous Yuri Kazakov. “And everything is imbued with a sharp, even some kind of enthusiastic-sad love for a person.”

Now Likhonosov is finishing another book, Lonely Evenings in Peresyp, which he defines as “prosaic memories”. And her lines are filled with quiet sadness, regret for the Russia that we have lost. So what did the country lose in the bloody twentieth century?

“We have lost the continuity of historical life,” says Viktor Likhonosov. - There are states in the world in which history, way of life, and traditions are continuously transmitted from forefathers, grandfathers, fathers to children. For us, all this was interrupted in the seventeenth year. Then there was a terrible breakdown, when what we have confessed for centuries, new government ordered to be destroyed.

dream land

“September 13 marks the beginning of the anniversary year. Our region has been developing for 80 years - both the economy and the socio-political spheres. Now it's hard to believe that the Kuban was once a marginal region that relied solely on agriculture, - says Valery Kasyanov, doctor historical sciences, professor, head. Department of History of Russia, KubSU. - The region had many hardships and hardships: repression of the Cossacks, collectivization, famine. The Cossacks after 1937 practically ceased to exist, and the rest could not declare themselves out loud. The time was like this. All this led to the fact that before the Great Patriotic War the composition of the population changed significantly. It was not easy for the Kuban during the war years either: it was here that the fiercest air battles, the battle for Novorossiysk, took place.

After the war, the region began to recover. And it happened pretty quickly. Do you know why? AT Soviet times the basis of the development of the state was industry and the working class. No offense to them, but it should be noted that in the Kuban lived mostly peasants who worked from dawn to dusk. People-workers, truly devoted to their land. It is clear that the agricultural sector has developed. But at the same time, the formation of the resort industry began.

Gradually, the Krasnodar Territory turned into a desirable region, a dream land. People wanted not just to come and relax, but to move and live. Today, almost 6 million inhabitants live in the region, and we are not far behind Moscow and the Moscow region in this indicator.

We have always competed with the Rostov region. Although once both we and they were part of the single Azov-Black Sea Territory. So Rostov-on-Don has always been considered the capital, the gateway to the south. It was a million-plus city with a well-developed industry, with higher wages and jobs. Highly for a long time many Kubans sought to go there to study, work and live. But things have changed drastically in the last 25 years. They leave from there, and come to us to work and study. In 3-4 years, Krasnodar will officially become a million-plus city. And I'm not talking about other neighboring regions, they are not even on a par with our region.

Of course, a qualitative breakthrough occurred during the preparation for the Olympics. Investments poured into the region, and everyone wanted to become involved in this event. The second wind in the development of the region was given by the construction of the Kerch bridge.

The prospect for the Krasnodar Territory is clear: for several years there will be no region equal to the Kuban in the Southern Federal District. But it is not enough to be satisfied with the achieved results. We need to preserve them and, of course, look for new unique projects that will help the region continue to flourish and develop.”

Municipal budgetary educational institution

secondary school No. 6 named after. C.L. Kunikova

Krasnodar region

Tuapse, Tuapse District

Prepared

teacher primary school

Secondary School No. 6 im. C.L. Kunikova

G. Tuapse. Krasnodar Territory

Boyko Natalya Viktorovna

Topic. Prominent people of the Kuban

Goals:

Instilling in schoolchildren love for the small Motherland and involvement in history, cultural traditions Kuban.

To continue the development of interest among schoolchildren in the culture of Russia through the history and traditions of the peoples of the Kuban

Raising a patriot who knows and respects the traditions of his people; a worker who loves his land; a citizen who is ready to defend his Fatherland.

Formation among students of a respectful attitude to the military and labor exploits of the older generation.

Motivation of search and research activities of students.

Lesson objectives:

Expand knowledge of the history of the Kuban

To cultivate love for the native land, for its history, for the ability to be proud and inherit good traditions.

Development of interest in search and research activities among younger students.

Equipment:

multimedia equipment

Presentation

Event progress:

Kuban dear, I gently sing
The great beauty of your land!
Holy land from end to end!
Seas, forests, fields, my land, yours!
Here the sky above you is brighter and higher
And the stars shine brighter and the moon ...
No one in the world will find more beautiful.
The whole country is proud of you!

Pupil:
Your fields of spiked wheat,
Your gardens, your sweet grapes.
Everything will be raised on a pedestal
Sparkling with bright gold awards!
I sing to you my great love,
And the music sounds in my soul ...
My Kuban, with all my soul I ask
Blossom, dear, stronger every day.

Today, the Unified All-Kuban class hour opens a new academic year - this is a holiday that unites the entire Kuban. Topic: "The Year of Culture - the history of the Kuban in faces."

We will reflect on how to live and what to strive for in order to be worthy successors of previous generations.

In the end class hour we will try to answer the question: “Why do you need to know the history of your native land, to know and respect the traditions of our people, what can we do to preserve and increase the rich cultural heritage Kuban and all of Russia?

slide 1 (map of the Krasnodar Territory)

Our small homeland is the Kuban, a wonderful, fertile land. edge snowy mountains and golden grain fields, free steppes and flowering gardens. A land in which wonderful people live: grain growers and livestock breeders, gardeners and vine growers, factory and factory workers, doctors and teachers, scientists and athletes, artists and poets ... They all strive to make our Kuban even better, richer, more beautiful. One of prominent representatives Cossacks - Ataman Zakhary Alekseevich Chepega (Chepiga)

slide 2

Remember what this ataman became famous for? (student presentations):

At the age of 24 (1750) Chepega arrived in Zaporozhye. In October 1769 he distinguished himself in the defeat of the Turks on the Dniester. During the first Russian-Turkish war, the Cossack flotilla on the Danube ensured the capture of the important fortress of Chilia, the castle of Tulcea and the fortress of Isaccea.

slide 3

And what does A. Pokryshkin have to do with our region?

Student presentation:

In 1936-1938. Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin studied at Krasnodar flying club . During his vacation in the winter of 1938, Pokryshkin, secretly from his superiors, passed the annual civilian pilot program in 17 days, which automatically made him eligible for admission to the Kachin flight school. He graduated with the highest marks in 1939 and was assigned to the 55th Fighter Aviation Regiment with the rank of lieutenant.

slide 4

Our small homeland is the Kuban, a wonderful, fertile land. The land of snowy mountains and golden grain fields, free steppes and flowering gardens. A land in which wonderful people live: grain growers and livestock breeders, gardeners and vine growers, factory and factory workers, doctors and teachers, scientists and athletes, artists and poets ... They all strive to make our Kuban even better, richer, more beautiful. Which of the Kuban writers, poets, composers do you know?

Slide 5-9 (student messages)

Slide 10-13

You can probably say that the Kuban is the birthplace of great people, and many of prominent people Kuban came out of the walls of our school number 6 them. C.L. Kunikova

Slides 14-15

Kuban is also famous for its athletes, you know that in 2014 Russia hosted the Winter Olympics and Paralympics, the Kuban city of Sochi was awarded this honor. Thousands of participants and spectators from all over the world visited Sochi, noted the excellent organization sports festival and especially noted the hospitality of the inhabitants of our region.

Russia has won the most a large number of awards. There are 33 medals in the Olympic Games, of which 13 are gold, 11 silver and 9 bronze. There are as many as 80 medals at the Paralympic Games, of which 30 are gold, 28 silver and 22 bronze. And these are the first places in both medal standings.

Kuban Olympians competed in five sports.

In the men's bobsleigh, three Kuban athletes competed for Olympic medals at once. These are two-time Olympic medalist Alexei Voevoda, as well as Alexander Kasyanov and Alexei Pushkarev. Aleksey Voevoda and Alexander Zubkov won the bobsleigh competition, the four of Zubkov, Dmitry Trunenkov, Alexei Voevoda and Alexei Negodailo won the bobsleigh quads competition.

Maria Orlova joined the Russian national skeleton team. At the Olympic Games in Sochi, skeletonist Maria Orlova took sixth place.

Russian figure skaters Trankov and Volosozhar won gold at the 2014 Sochi Olympics.

In the discipline of freestyle "ski acrobatics" five Kuban athletes performed at once: Timofey Slivets and Assol Slivets, Petr Medulich, Veronika Korsunova and Alina Gridneva. They occupied common protocol places from fifth to eighth.

The number of Kuban athletes at the 2014 Winter Olympics was a record in the history of Kuban sports.

slide 1 6

Football clubs "Kuban" and "Krasnodar" are developing and occupying worthy places in tournament tables football championships.

As part of this class hour, we cannot remember the names of all the people who glorified and glorify the Kuban, but we can continue this lesson in the new academic year.

slide 1 7

We named many Kubans and read poetry, but these poems were also written by our fellow countrymen.

Among the inhabitants and natives of Kuban there are many talented, courageous, courageous, hardworking people. You are still at school, but now we can begin to contribute to the development of our region, and the exploits of our predecessors and contemporaries will inspire us

Our class has come to an end.

What is our native Kuban famous for? What interesting things did you learn that you remember? Let's display our memories in drawings and crafts, and this will be the first exhibition of your creative works in the new academic year. Good luck friends!

For such a short combat and life path the sniper heroine distinguished herself by many achievements. She was one of the most well-aimed snipers times of the war, gave odds in this matter to many men. Tatyana destroyed 120 fascists; thanks to her last feat, the 104th height near Kerch was taken. The girl, by her example, raised hundreds of Red Army soldiers into battle, the first to jump out of the trench towards the enemy. In this battle, she personally killed 15 Germans.

Sniper Kostyrina was not only an example in battle, but also a pleasant, friendly person. In the regiment, she enjoyed universal love. The fame of her feat for many months thundered in the division and inspired the fighters. Initially, Tatyana was buried in the place where she died, in Adzhimushkay. But then her grave was transferred to the Kerch military cemetery.

The feat of young Tatyana was described in the essay "Girl from the Kuban" by I. Kryukov. A village in the Leninsky district of Crimea and streets in her native Kropotkin and Kerch were named in her honor. And in the village of Kostyrino, a monument was erected to her, which the locals simply call "The Heroine".

Famous people Krasnodar Territory

People who have achieved success in any activity often glorify not only themselves, but also their homeland. Sometimes the birthplace of a particular prominent personalities renamed in their honor. For example, this was the case with the writer Gorky. Even during the life of the great Alexei Maksimovich, not only his native city was named after him, but also several streets, institutions, and monuments were erected. Yes, a person's activity can glorify his homeland, and this glory can be both positive and negative. What celebrities come from the Krasnodar Territory?

Famous people

Vorzhev, Sergey Dmitrievich - a famous artist, originally from the Kuban, where he was born on February 21, 1950, the village of Varenikovskaya. One of the few artists with a truly higher art education. In 1972 he graduated from the State University in his native Kuban, by 1983 he was admitted to the Union of Artists from Russia, a few years later he was already a board member in the regional organization of the same Union of Artists, later received the title of Honored Artist.

Now he has his own painting school, where Sergey Vorzhev is constantly looking for new talents and teaches children himself. He is famous for his patriotism, in drawing he likes to depict the rural landscape, ethnic surrealism. The artist reflects on the canvases the life of his own land, its way of life, the beauty of the Kuban nature, the subtleties of local customs. pays attention to history. Vorzhev's paintings have their own soul, they cannot be confused with the works of other masters.

Arkhangelsky, Mikhail - also a Kuban artist, is a member of the Union of Artists of his native land. True, he was born in Krasnodar in 1937, and died in 2006. In 1958, after the army, he immediately entered the Krasnodar School for Artists, graduated by 1963. First working years creative person turned out to be the most common - he worked as a painter and a simple worker.

In 1965 he moved to Leningrad, became a volunteer at the Leningrad Institute, also dedicated to painting. Having gained new knowledge and gained experience, he returned to his native Krasnodar as an accomplished artist. In 1968 he participated in a major exhibition, where the painting "Fresh Wind" became a new discovery for masters of painting and critics. The artist achieved success thanks not only to his talent, but also to his exceptional hard work, dedication and faith in own forces. Mikhail Arkhangelsky had many more exhibitions in different cities- and, and Krasnodar, and Moscow, even other countries - Germany, Greece, then Bulgaria. He is a bright participant in many festivals.

Tatiana Skryagina
Outstanding people of the Kuban. Part 1

Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko

(1920 – 1994)

Flight commander of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment (325th Night Bomber Aviation Division, 4th Air Army, 2nd Belorussian Front). Guard Lieutenant, Hero of the Soviet Union.

Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko was born on December 1, 1920 in Krasnodar in a working class family. Graduated high school in the city of Tikhoretsk, Krasnodar Territory, studied at the airship building institute (hereinafter Moscow Aviation Technology Institute).

E. A. Zhigulenko graduated from the pilot school at the Moscow flying club. She was in the Red Army from October 1941. In 1942 she graduated from navigator courses at the Military Aviation Pilot School and advanced training courses for pilots.

On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War It has been located since May 1942, by November 1944 it made 773 night sorties, inflicted heavy damage on the enemy in manpower and equipment.

While still a schoolgirl, Zhenya decided to finish two classes in a year. I spent the whole summer studying textbooks and successfully passed the exams. From the seventh grade - immediately to the ninth! In the tenth grade, she wrote an application with a request to be enrolled as a student at the N. E. Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy. She was told that women were not admitted to the academy.

Another would have calmed down and began to look for another occupation. But Zhenya Zhigulenko was not like that. She writes a hot, excited letter to the Commissar of Defense. And she receives an answer that the question of her admission to the academy will be considered if she receives a secondary aviation technical education.

Zhenya enters the Moscow Airship Institute, and at the same time graduates from the Central Aeroclub named after. V. P. Chkalov.

At the beginning of the war, Evgenia Andreevna made persistent attempts to get to the front, and her efforts were crowned with success. She begins service in the regiment, which later became the Taman Guards Red Banner Order of Suvorov Aviation Regiment of Night Bombers. The brave pilot spent three years at the front. Behind her shoulders were 968 sorties, after which enemy warehouses, convoys, and airfield facilities burned.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 23, 1945, Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. She was awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, two Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st class, and two Orders of the Red Star.

After the war, Yevgenia Zhigulenko spent another ten years serving in Soviet army, graduated from the Military-Political Academy, then worked in cultural institutions Kuban. The versatility of Yevgenia Andreevna's nature was manifested in the fact that she mastered another profession - a film director. Her first feature film "Night witches in the sky" dedicated to female pilots and navigators of the famous regiment.

Elena Choba

Kuban Cossack, under the name of Mikhail Choba, fought on the fronts of the First World War. She was awarded the St. George medals of the 3rd and 4th degrees, the St. George's Cross of the 4th degree.

About two centuries ago, in the Russian troops fighting against Napoleon's army, they started talking about the mysterious cornet Alexander Alexandrov. As it turned out later, the cavalry girl Durova served under this name in the Lithuanian Lancers Regiment. No matter how Nadezhda hid her belonging to the fair sex, the rumor that a woman was fighting in the army spread throughout Russia. The unusual nature of this incident worried everything for a long time. society: the young lady preferred the hardships of military life and mortal risk to reading sentimental novels. A century later Kuban Cossack of the village of Rogovskaya Elena Choba stood in front of the village society to petition for her sending to the front.

On July 19, 1914, Germany declared war on Russia. When the news reached Yekaterinodar, an urgent mobilization of all parts and subdivisions - messengers went to remote villages. The conscripts, saying goodbye to peaceful life, saddled their horses. Gathered to the front and Rogovskoy Cossack Mikhail Choba. To equip a young Cossack in a cavalry regiment was difficult: you need to buy a horse, ammunition - the list of the complete Cossack right included more than 50 necessary things. The Choba spouses did not live well, so they sent the horseless Mikhail on a cart to the Plastunovsky regiment.

Elena Choba was left alone to work and run the household. But it is not in the Cossack character to sit quietly when the enemy came to their native land. Elena decided to go to the front, stand up for Russia and went to the respected residents in the village council. The Cossacks gave their permission.

After the stanitsa elders supported Elena's request to be sent to the front, she was to meet with the chief Kuban region. Elena came to the appointment with Lieutenant General Mikhail Pavlovich Babych with short hair, in a gray cloth Circassian coat and hat. After listening to the petitioner, the ataman gave permission to be sent to the army and, in a fatherly way, admonished the Cossack Mikhail (by this name she wished to be called).

And a few days later the train rushed Elena-Michael to the front. The magazine told about how the Rogov woman fought « Kuban Cossack Bulletin» : “In the heat of fire, under the incessant roar of cannons, under the incessant rain of machine-gun and rifle bullets, according to the testimony of comrades, our Mikhailo did his job without fear and reproach.

Looking at the young and fearless figure of their brave comrade-in-arms, his comrades indefatigably marched on the enemies ahead of Mikhail, not suspecting at all that Rogovskaya Cossack Elena Choba was hiding under the Circassian Cossack. During our withdrawal, when the enemy tried to forge one of our part and batteries, Elena Chobe managed to break through the enemy’s ring and save two of our batteries from death, which had absolutely no idea of ​​the proximity of the Germans, and withdraw the batteries from the closing German ring without any damage on our part. For this heroic feat, Choba received the St. George Cross of the 4th degree.

For fights, Elena Choba has the 4th and 3rd degree St. George medals and the St. George Cross of the 4th degree. She refused the latter, leaving it with the regimental banner.

Further information about the fate of the famous Rogov woman is contradictory. Some saw Elena in the village in the Red Army Budenovka on her head, others heard that after the battle near the village of Slavyanskaya she was shot by whites, others said that she had emigrated.

Only many years later, some details of the life of the fighting heroine-Cossack became known. In 1999, in the Krasnodar Regional Museum-Reserve named after. E. D. Felitsyna opened an exhibition "Russian Fate". Among the exhibits was a photograph of an American theater troupe « Kuban horsemen» presented to the museum by a 90-year-old Cossack from Canada. The picture was taken in 1926 in the city of San Luis. In the front row in a white Circassian coat and hat is the legendary Cossack Elena Choba from Kuban village of Rogovskaya.

Anton Andreevich Golovaty

(1732 or 1744, Poltava province - 01/28/1797, Persia)

The whole history of the Cossacks Kuban Until the end of the 18th century, it was inextricably linked with the name of the military judge Anton Andreevich Golovaty. This is an outstanding, gifted, original personality.

Anton Golovaty was born in the town of Novye Sanzhary, Poltava province in 1732. (according to other sources, in 1744) in a wealthy Little Russian family. He studied at the Kyiv Theological Academy, but dreaming of military exploits, went to the Zaporozhian Sich. For courage, literacy and a lively mind of a young Cossack, the Cossacks christened him "Heady".

Being a cheerful, witty man, Golovaty served easily, quickly moving up in the service - from a simple Cossack to a smoking ataman. For his military exploits, he was awarded orders and letters of thanks from Catherine II.

But his main merit is that the delegation of the Black Sea Cossacks achieved the signing on June 30, 1792 of the manifesto on the allocation of land to the Black Sea on Taman and Kuban.

Anton Golovaty had an innate diplomatic talent, which was clearly reflected in his administrative and civil activities. After moving to Kuban, acting as ataman, Anton Andreevich supervised the construction of roads, bridges, post stations. With the aim of better management brought in an army "Order common good» - a law that establishes the permanent power of the rich elite in the army. He demarcated the villages of kurens, divided the Black Sea coast into five districts, and fortified the border.

Golovaty was also engaged in diplomatic negotiations with trans-Kuban Circassian princes who expressed a desire to accept Russian citizenship.

On February 26, 1796, Anton Golovaty led a thousandth detachment of Cossacks and joined them in "Persian Campaign", but suddenly fell ill with a fever and died on January 28, 1797.

Kirill Vasilievich Rossinsky

(1774–1825)

For a long time the name of this remarkable man was forgotten. He lived only 49 years, but how much good, eternal, reasonable he did! The priest's son, military archpriest Kirill Vasilievich Rossinsky came to Kuban June 19, 1803. All his short life this talented, educated person dedicated to a noble cause - the enlightenment of the Cossacks. Kirill Vasilievich in his sermons explained to believers about the benefits of education, about the significance of schools for the people. In 27 churches he opened in the region, he organized the collection of money for the construction of schools. For a long time, Kirill Vasilyevich himself taught at the Ekaterinodar School. There were no textbooks, so all the training was conducted according to the compiled Rossinsky "handwritten notebooks". Later, Kirill Vasilyevich wrote and published a textbook "Brief Spelling Rules", withstood two editions - in 1815 and 1818. Now these books are stored in a special fund of the Russian State Library as unique editions. Kirill Vasilievich Rossinsky gave a lot of spiritual strength and knowledge to literature and science, wrote poetry, historical and geographical essays. In Yekaterinodar, he was also known as a physician who hurried to the sick at any time and in any weather. His devotion to the cause, disinterestedness, kindness amazed his contemporaries.

In 1904, the library opened at the Dmitrievsky School by the Yekaterinodar charitable society was named after Rossinsky. In honor of Kuban educator named one of the universities of Krasnodar - the Institute of International Law, Economics, humanities and management.

Mikhail Pavlovich Babych

Mikhail Pavlovich Babych, the son of one of the valiant conquering officers of the Western Caucasus - Pavel Denisovich Babych, about whose exploits and glory, the people composed songs. All paternal qualities were bestowed on Mikhail, who was born on July 22, 1844 in the family home of Yekaterinodar on Bursakovskaya Street, 1 (corner of Fortress). From the early age the boy was being prepared for military service.

After successfully graduating from the Mikhailovsky Voronezh cadet corps and Caucasian training company young Babych, began to gradually move up the military career ladder and receive military orders. In 1889 he was already a colonel. On February 3, 1908, a decree was issued appointing him, already in the rank of lieutenant general, as a chief ataman. Kuban Cossack army. With a hard hand and harsh measures, he restores order in Yekaterinodar, where at that time the revolutionary terrorists were rampant. Under the constant threat of death, Babych performed his responsible duty and strengthened his Kuban economics and morality. Per short term they did a lot of general cultural, good deeds. Cossacks called ataman "Riddy Batko", since each Cossack personally felt his care, his zeal. The general cultural activity of M. Babych was appreciated not only by the Russian population. He was deeply respected by other peoples who lived on Kuban. It was only thanks to his care and efforts that the construction of the Black Sea Kuban railway, launched an attack on Kuban plavni.

On March 16, 1917, the official newspaper reported for the last time about the former Ataman Mikhail Pavlovich Babych. In August 1918, he was brutally murdered by the Bolsheviks in Pyatigorsk. The body of the long-suffering general was buried in the tomb of the Catherine's Cathedral.

Memory of a great patriot and guardian Kuban land M P. Babych, the last Chieftain, is alive in the hearts of the Russian people. August 4, 1994 at the place where he stood ancestral home Ataman, cultural fund Kuban Cossacks opened a memorial plaque (the work of A. Apollonov, perpetuating his memory.

Alexey Danilovich Bezkrovny

Among the hundreds of Russian names shining in the rays of military glory, the name of the valiant Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army Alexei Danilovich Bezkrovny is attractive with special magnetism. He was born into a wealthy senior officer family. In 1800, fifteen years old

Aleksey Bezkrovny, brought up in the military traditions of his grandfather, signed up for the Cossacks and left his father's house - Shcherbinovsky kuren.

Already in the first skirmishes with the highlanders, the teenager showed amazing skill and fearlessness.

In 1811, during the formation of the Black Sea Guards Hundred, A. Bezkrovny, distinguished combat officer who had extraordinary physical strength, who had a penetrating mind and a noble soul, was enrolled in its original composition and honorably carried the title of guardsman through the entire Patriotic War of 1812-1814. For courage and bravery at the Battle of Borodino, Alexei Bezkrovny received the rank of centurion. During the retreat of Kutuzov's army from Mozhaisk to Moscow, the fearless Cossack fought off all attempts of the enemy to break forward for 4 hours. For this feat and other avant-garde military deeds, Bloodless was awarded a golden saber with the inscription "For Courage". The retreating enemy tried to burn the ships with bread, but the guards did not allow the French to destroy the grain. For his valor, Bezkrovny was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th degree with a bow. At the request of Platov, Bezkrovny with the Black Sea hundred was enrolled in his corps. FROM light hand M. I. Kutuzov himself, the Cossacks called him "commander without error".

On April 20, 1818, Alexei Danilovich received the rank of colonel for military merit. In 1821, he returned to his father's land and continues to serve in the detachment of another hero of the Patriotic War, General M. G. Vlasov. In May 1823, he was sent with the 3rd Cavalry Regiment to the border of the Kingdom of Poland, and then to Prussia. From the next campaign, A. D. Bezkrovny returned to Chernomorie only on March 21, 1827. And six months later (September 27) he, as the best and most talented military officer, by the Highest will is appointed military, and then the Chieftain.

In May - June 1828 A. D. Bezkrovny with his detachment involved in the siege of the Turkish fortress of Anapa under the command of Prince A. S. Menshikov. For the victory over the Turks and the fall of the impregnable fortress, A. Bezkrovny was promoted to the rank of major general and awarded the Order of St. George, 4th degree. Then - for new exploits - the second golden saber, decorated with diamonds.

Two features were especially characteristic of Bloodless: rare courage in battles and deep humanity in civilian life.

In January 1829, Alexei Danilovich commanded one of the detachments directed against the Shapsugs. In 1930, the Cossack knight again participates in the fight against abreks, with the famous Kazbich himself, who threatened the Cossack city of Yekaterinodar. In the same year he built Kuban three fortifications: Ivanovsko-Shebskoe, Georgi-Afipskoe and Alekseevskoe (named after Alexei Bezkrovny himself).

The health of the famous ataman was undermined. His heroic odyssey is over. The appointment of A. D. Bezkrovny as Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army caused envy in the circle of the tribal Cossack aristocracy. He, the hero of 1812, could fight and win external enemies Fatherland. But he could not overcome the envious internal ones. Hounded by enemies, with an unhealed wound in his side, Bloodless lived in isolation in his Ekaterinodar estate. He gave 28 years of service to the Fatherland. Participated in 13 large military campaigns, 100 separate battles - and did not know a single defeat.

Alexei Danilovich died on July 9, 1833, on the day of the holy martyr Theodora, and was buried in the almshouse courtyard, at the first Cossack cemetery located here.

Viktor Gavrilovich Zakharchenko

I will happy if my songs will live among the people.

V. G. Zakharchenko

Composer, artistic director of the State Kuban Cossack Choir, Honored Art Worker and National artist of Russia, Honored Art Worker of Adygea, People's Artist of Ukraine, Laureate of the State Prize of Russia, Professor, Hero of Labor Kuban, academician International Academy Information, Academician of the Russian Academy for the Humanities, Dean of the Faculty traditional culture Krasnodar State University of Culture and Art, Chairman charitable foundation revival of folk culture Kuban"Origins", member of the Union of Composers of the Russian Federation, member of the Presidium of the Russian Choral Society and the All-Russian Musical Society.

The future composer lost his father early, he died in the first months of the Great Patriotic War. The memory of her mother, Natalya Alekseevna, remained in the smell of the bread she baked, in the taste of her homemade sweets. The family had six children. Mom always worked, and when she worked, she usually sang. These songs so naturally entered the children's life that over time they became a spiritual need. The boy listened to the wedding round dances, the game of local virtuoso accordion players.

In 1956, Viktor Gavrilovich entered the Krasnodar Music and Pedagogical School. After graduating from it, he became a student of the Novosibirsk State Conservatory. M. I. Glinka at the Faculty of Choral Conducting. Already in the 3rd year, V. G. Zakharchenko was invited to a high position - the chief conductor of the State Siberian Folk Choir. The next 10 years of work in this post is a whole era in the development of the future master.

1974 - a turning point in the fate of V. G. Zakharchenko. A talented musician and organizer becomes the artistic director of the State Kuban Cossack Choir. started happy and an inspired time for the creative upsurge of the team, the search for its original Kuban repertoire, creation of scientific-methodical and concert-organizational base. V. G. Zakharchenko - founder of the Center for Folk Culture Kuban, children's art school at Kuban Cossack choir. But his main brainchild is the State Kuban Cossack Choir. The choir has achieved a stunning result on many venues peace: in Australia, Yugoslavia, France, Greece, Czechoslovakia, America, Japan. Twice, in 1975 and 1984, he won the All-Russian competitions State Russian folk choirs. And in 1994 he received the highest title - academic, was awarded two State premiums: Russia - them. M. I. Glinka and Ukraine - them. T. G. Shevchenko.

Patriotic pathos, a sense of one's own participation in the life of the people, civil responsibility for the fate of the country - this is the main line of the composer's work of Viktor Zakharchenko.

AT last years he expands his musical and thematic range, the ideological and moral orientation of his work. The lines of poems by Pushkin, Tyutchev, Lermontov, Yesenin, Blok, Rubtsov sounded differently. The boundaries of the traditional song have already become narrower. Ballads-confessions, poems-reflections, songs-revelations are created. This is how the poems came about. "I will jump"(to poems by N. Rubtsov, "The Power of the Russian Spirit"(on the verses of G. Golovatov, new editions of the poem "Rus" (to lyrics by I. Nikitin).

The titles of his works speak for themselves. "Nabat"(to verses by V. Latynin, “You can’t understand Russia with the mind”(on verses by F. Tyutchev, "Help the weaker" (to verses by N. Kartashov).

V. G. Zakharchenko revived the traditions Kuban military singing choir, founded in 1811, including in its repertoire, in addition to folk and author's songs, Orthodox spiritual chants. With the blessing of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, the State Kuban Cossack choir accepts participation in church worship. In Russia, this is the only team that has been awarded such a high honor.

Viktor Gavrilovich Zakharchenko - Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Traditional Culture of the Krasnodar State University of Culture and Art. He conducts extensive research activities, he has collected more than 30 thousand folk songs and traditional rites - historical heritage Kuban village; collections of songs published Kuban Cossacks; hundreds of arrangements and folk songs have been recorded on gramophone records, CDs, and videos.