Population of world capitals table. Map of the planet: the largest countries in the world by population
There are states on our planet that we only heard about in geography lessons. Entire worlds with their charters, mentality, who live on the other side of the world.
They are not well known, because they do not lead an active foreign policy, the scale of their land and production within do not affect other countries.
Other countries are powerful fighters for rights, active helpers for neighboring states.
They are endowed with a huge scale of territories, they supply their "neighbors" with products and minerals. Their territory is so vast that it is difficult to imagine.
Everyone who went to school knows an approximate list of the largest states in the world. Let's refresh our knowledge by remembering their names and the scale of the area.
List of the largest countries in the world:
The first 7 countries in the list are classified as giants in terms of territory. Any state whose size exceeds 3,000,000 km² is gigantic.
The territory of Russia is the undoubted leader. Nearly twice the size of second-place Canada.
Interesting fact! Under the USSR, our territory was even larger. Its size almost reached the territory of the whole of North America.
The lion's share - three-quarters of the land - belonged to Russia. One sixth of the earth's space belonged to the USSR.
This order was maintained from 1922 to 1991. The area of the USSR is 22,402,200 km². 293,047,571 people lived in these expanses.
The largest countries by population
Population is another indicator. Territory and population vary greatly. The leaders of the previous table change dramatically.
The number does not depend on wealth, on the contrary: poor countries have large numbers. The climate matters national characteristics, mentality.
List of countries with the most large numbers population:
- India.
- Indonesia.
- Pakistan.
- Brazil.
- Nigeria.
- Bangladesh.
- Russia.
- Japan.
Russia occupies only 9th position. China is in the lead, Russians have long been making jokes about the situation with population growth. And in vain, because in Russia the situation is reversed.
With a high population, the birth rate in the country is at a low level. In 2016, the birth rate in Russia amounted to 12.9%, and the mortality statistics showed exactly the same.
Today, our country has an active policy to support mothers with children. New laws are being passed to improve financial situation families with children.
But, as statistics show, the point is not the material well-being of the country.
Leaders in natural population growth:
- Malawi - 33.2%.
- Uganda - 33%.
- Burundi - 32.7%.
- Niger - 32.7%.
- Mali - 31.8%.
These countries cannot be called developed and wealthy. The birth rate is taken from the same ratio.
Another surprising pattern: in these countries, the mortality rate is lower than in Russia, which occupies - attention - 201 lines in the ranking in terms of population growth! We are in 201st place. These are the data for 2016.
In 2017, due to the wave financial crisis the situation did not improve. The mortality rate has decreased, but with it there has been a real collapse in the birth rate.
So we are still far from the indicators of Malawi and Uganda. Mortality in 2017 was 12.6%. Men don't live past 60. The female indicator is 71 years old.
Country rankings by standard of living in 2017
The effect of wealth on fertility is a dubious issue. Developed countries are known for having the smallest birth rate.
Psychologists explain this by the lack of a sense of fear, which activates the instinct of self-preservation in residents with low level life.
The instinct of self-preservation encourages people to leave offspring after themselves. The worse they live - the stronger desire procreate, give birth to more children to increase the likelihood of continuing life.
Developed countries provide stability, and people do not have such an instinct.
In addition to the survival instinct, the culture of the country also influences the birth rate. In the East it is customary to start big families.
They sincerely cannot understand what childfree is, and how such people can even exist.
Interesting information! Childfree - families that reject the idea of having and maintaining children.
Top 5 countries leading in terms of living standards in 2017:
- Norway.
- Australia.
- Sweden.
- Switzerland.
- Netherlands.
The Netherlands ranks 184th in terms of population growth. It is just over 2%.
Sweden - 180th place.
Switzerland - 182nd place.
Norway - 169th place in the ranking, population growth of 4.1%.
Australia - 159th place, 4.9%. The death rate does not exceed the birth rate - this is a positive indicator for states.
Many countries have a negative rate of natural population growth.
The list includes world powers:
- Poland.
- Moldova.
- Czech.
- Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- Italy.
- Japan.
- Portugal.
- Estonia.
- France.
- Greece.
- Belarus.
- Romania.
- Monaco.
- Germany.
- Croatia.
- Slovenia.
- Hungary.
- Ukraine.
- Latvia.
- Lithuania.
- Serbia.
- Bulgaria.
The birth rate in these states ranges from 8 to 10%, and the death rate: from 9 to 13%.
Comparative data show that the demographic state of affairs in Russia is relatively good.
The financial crisis of recent years has affected the birth rate, but the numbers give hope for a better outcome. Mortality and birth rates are at least equal. The ongoing policy of our country is aimed at preserving the nation.
Along with the birth rate, the number of marriages in Russia also decreased in 2017.
But the government continues to introduce new laws that will help restore the balance between mortality and fertility in the direction of increasing natural growth.
Useful video
Brazil completes the top five most populous countries with 210,147,125 people.
The urban population of Brazil is 84%, rural - 16%. The famous Rio de Janeiro is home to 11 million people, Sao Paulo -19 million. These are the two largest federal centers countries.
A feature of the Brazilian population is the fact that 50% of Brazilians are foreigners in the first or second generation. In the north of the country it is felt greater influence natives of Portugal and representatives of African tribes. The more livable south and southeast are inhabited by Brazilians with German, Italian and Japanese roots.
The Republic of Indonesia ranks fourth in the ranking of the most densely populated countries world with a population of 266,357,297 people.
She is located in South-East Asia, the territory of the country is spread over 13 thousand islands. Many small islands don't even have a name! The most densely populated of them are Java and Madura. 58% of the population living in the country is concentrated here, and every sixth inhabitant is in Java. There are about 300 ethnic groups in the Republic, the most numerous are Javanese, Sunds, Minangkabau, Toba-Bataki and Acehs (Sumatra), Balinese (Bali).
The structure of the family of Indonesians is curious. Since the country has a huge number of different ethnic groups, then family traditions have fundamental differences. If a an ordinary family the Javanese consists of 2 parents and children, shows everyday independence and does not maintain contact with relatives, while the Balinese, on the contrary, are held in high esteem by close family ties. The Balinese family is complex structure: in addition to parents, it includes the families of several brothers with wives and numerous children.
In 2018, the population of the United States of America was 325,145,963 people. In terms of territory, this is the fourth state in the world, in terms of population - the third. The population of America is a mixture of various ethnic groups and races. Here they speak different languages, profess all world religions, you can talk endlessly about the diversity of nationalities of the inhabitants of the United States.
Initially, the indigenous people, the natives of the country, were Indians, of whom there were more than 3 million. In the XVI- XVII centuries the first colonies of Europeans appeared, mainly English, Scots and Irish. Later, representatives of Sweden, France and other European countries. At the same time, representatives of African Americans (Negroes) appeared as slaves.
Today the USA multinational country, which is home to 80% of the white race, 12% of African Americans, the share of other races (Asians, Indians, Eskimos) accounts for 5%. Every year, the US population is replenished by 0.5 million people who come in search of a better life. The United States is the most urbanized state, the share of city dwellers in total strength is 77%.
One of interesting facts is the number of Russian-speaking residents - 700 thousand people!
The trends of recent years suggest that by 2030 China may lose the lead in terms of population to India. As of July 2013, the population of this country is 1.220.800.359 people. Over the past hundred years, India's population growth has exceeded China's by 50 million!
Given that the territory of India occupies only 2.4% of the world's area, it has concentrated 17.5% of the world's population, that is, this share of such states as: the USA, Pakistan, Indonesia, Brazil, Japan in the aggregate. The population density of India exceeds the world average by almost 8 times!
Interesting:
The current population of India is very young: more than 50% of Indians are under 25 years of age. The birth rate in India is the highest among the countries of the world. For every thousand inhabitants, there are 22 births of children, and the death rate is no more than 6 people.
The most recent data give a figure - 1,430,075,000 people who inhabit the People's Republic of China. This number indicates that every fourth inhabitant of the planet is of Chinese origin.
Why are the Chinese the most numerous nation?
Let's start with the fact that China has more than 5,000 years of existence. The traditions of many nations value large families. But only in China, since the time of Confucius, raising many children in the family (especially boys) was elevated to a cult and was considered the main achievement and happiness for a man.
Since coming to power communist party, this principle was actively fed. The party leadership relied on huge labor resources. In 1980, demographic problems worsened in China, and the birth of a second and subsequent children was severely punished by state level(the fine was over $3,500).
Today, the population of the country has slowed down the rate of population growth, and the bias has begun in the other direction - it has noticeably aged. An only child cannot ensure a decent old age for his aged parents and 4 grandparents (a very limited circle of people receives pensions in China). This sad fact violates age-old traditions China.
The population of the countries of the world does not belong to constant indicators: somewhere it grows, and in some countries it falls catastrophically. There are many reasons for this - economic, political, social, pressure from other powers. As practice shows, people are in constant search of a place to live with clean air, developed infrastructure, social guarantees. Natural growth and decline also affect - the ratio of mortality and fertility, life expectancy, and other significant factors. Previously, experts predicted that the number of people on the globe will certainly exceed critical indicators, become uncontrollable. Today's realities show that this is not entirely true.
The population in the world is generally estimated, by continents and superpowers, there are exceptions - the European Union, which unites states with different levels economy and demography. We should not forget the migration processes activated as a result of military conflicts, as the events in Yugoslavia and Syria have shown. Moreover, the development of the economy does not always accompany an increase in the number of people living in the country, and vice versa, which is proved by the example of India or individual African countries. But first things first. Consider the most large population in the world by country, according to official statistics.
The largest countries by population
Leader in population China- there, according to sociologists, almost 1.4 billion people are concentrated.
In second place India: Indians, compared with the Chinese, are less than 40 million (1.36 billion). These are the countries with the largest population in the world, followed by other numbers - hundreds of millions or less.
The third place is rightfully occupied by USA. There are 328.8 million Americans in the world. After a developed and wealthy America, states that are not similar to each other are breaking forward. These are Indonesia (266.4 million), Brazil (212.9), Pakistan (200.7), Nigeria (196.8), Bangladesh (166.7), Russian Federation(143.3). Closes the top ten Mexico - "only" 131.8 million.
The second ten is opened by island Japan, it is inhabited by 125.7 million citizens. The next participant in the world population ranking is distant Ethiopia (106.9 million). Egypt and Vietnam are not similar in any way, except for the number of citizens living there - respectively 97 and 96.4 million people (14th and 15th place). The Congo has 84.8 million inhabitants, Iran (17th position) and Turkey (18th) have almost the same number of citizens - 81.8 and 81.1 million.
After a prosperous Germany with its 80.6 million law-abiding burghers, another decline is observed in exactly 20: 68.4 million Thais have accumulated in Thailand. Then begins the combined hodgepodge, interspersed with developed European states.
Among other players, the Netherlands (17.1 million), Belgium (81 positions, 11.5 million people) are in 68th place. In total, there are 201 states in the list in the ranking by population of the countries of the world, when viewed in descending order, including Virgin Islands who are under the protectorate of the United States (106.7 thousand people).
How many people live on earth
In 2017, the world population was 7.58 billion. At the same time, 148.78 were born, and 58.62 million people died. 54% of the total population lived in cities, and 46%, respectively, in towns and villages. The world population for 2018 was 7.66 billion with a natural increase of 79.36 million. The data is not final, because the year is not over yet.
Traditionally, the "inflow" is provided by states with a low standard of living, which are leaders in the ranking. largest countries world population - China and India. If we take statistics for long periods, it is easy to see that a smooth increase in 1960-1970 (up to 2% annually) gave way to a decline until 1980. Then there was a sharp jump (more than 2%) in the late eighties, after which the rate of increase in numbers began to decline. In 2016, the growth rate was about 1.2%, and now the number of people living on Earth is slowly but surely increasing.
TOP 10 countries with the largest population
Statistics refers to the exact sciences and allows, with minimal errors, to determine fluctuations in the number of citizens permanently residing in a given territory, to make a forecast for the future. Online counters and surveys are designed to take into account any changes as impartially as possible, but they are not without sin.
For example, the UN Secretariat estimated the population of the countries of the world in the past year at 7.528 billion people (06/01/2017), the US Census Bureau operates with an indicator of 7.444 billion (01/01/2018), the independent fund DSW (Germany) believes that as of 01.01. In 2018, there were 7.635 billion inhabitants on the planet. Which number of the 3 given to choose, everyone decides for himself.
Population of the countries of the world in descending order (table)
The population of the countries of the world in 2019 is distributed by individual states unevenly, in accordance with other factors - mortality, fertility, total life expectancy. It is easy to track how the population of the countries of the world changed in 2019 using the following indicators from the table (according to Wikipedia):
Japan and Mexico "fight" for the 10th place, statistical counters place them in the ranking in different ways. In total, there are about 200 hundred participants in the list. Toward the end are island states and protectorates with conditional independence. There is also the Vatican. But their participation in the growth of the population of the countries of the world for 2019 is small - a fraction of a percent.
Rating forecast
According to analysts' calculations, in the future the number of inhabitants of the largest, as well as dwarf countries of the world, will not change on a global scale: the growth rate for 2019 is determined at about 252 million 487 thousand people. global changes, according to the tabular characteristics of the population of the countries of the world in 2019, do not threaten any of the states.
The last serious fluctuations, according to the UN, were noted in 1970 and 1986, when the growth reached 2-2.2% per year. After the onset of 2000, demographics show a smooth decline with a small surge in 2016.
The population of European countries
Europe and the union formed in it are not going through better times: crisis, influx of refugees from other states, currency fluctuations. These factors are inevitably reflected in the population for 2019 in the EU countries, being an indicator of political and economic processes.
Germany demonstrates enviable stability: 80.560 million citizens live in it, in 2017 there were 80.636 of them, in 2019 there will be 80.475 million. The French Republic and the British Empire have similar figures - 65.206 and 65.913 million. Last year they were at the same level (65), next year in the UK they expect an increase to 66.3 million people.
The number of Italians living in their territories remains unchanged - 59 million. Neighbors have different conditions: some are worse, some are better. It is problematic to track the population of Europe and the world according to the table, because, due to open borders, many citizens move freely around the continent, living in one country and working in another.
Population of Russia
The Russian Federation, if you look at the data on the population among the countries of the world in descending order in 2019, is confidently in the top ten. According to one of think tanks, in 2019 there will be 160 thousand fewer Russians. Now there are 143.261 million. It is necessary to take into account the combination of regions with different densities, and there are enough of them in Russia (Siberia, the Urals, Far East and Far North).
Earth population density
The indicator of population density of the countries of the world does not depend on the area of the occupied territory, but indirectly affects the assessment of the situation. In close positions, there are both developed powers (Canada, the USA, Scandinavian), in which certain areas are not inhabited, and representatives of the third world with a critical standard of living. Or the microstate of Monaco, which demonstrates high density (due to the minimum area occupied by the territory).
Why is density important?
Density determines the ratio of area and population of the countries of the civilized world, as well as other states. It is not identical to the number or standard of living, but characterizes the development of infrastructure.
There are no clearly defined territories with "normalized" density. More often, a situation with an abrupt change from a metropolis to a suburb or across climatic regions is observed. In fact, this is the ratio of the number of people to the area on which they permanently live. Even in the largest countries in the world in terms of population (China and India), there are sparsely populated (mountainous) areas adjacent to densely populated ones.
Countries with the highest and lowest population densities
As in every ranking, there are leaders and outsiders. Density is not tied to quantity settlements, the number of citizens living there or the rating of the country. An example of this is the densely populated Bangladesh, an agrarian power with an economy dependent on developed countries, where there are no more than 5 megacities with a population of a million people.
Therefore, the list includes polar players in terms of economic indicators. Among the states of Europe and the world, the Principality of Monaco occupies the first place: 37.7 thousand people in an area of 2 square kilometers. In Singapore, with a population of 5 million, the density is 7,389 people per square kilometer. The Vatican, with its specific administrative division, can hardly be called a state, but it is also on the list. Steppe Mongolia is the least populated, completing the list: 2 inhabitants per unit area.
Table: population, area, density
The tabular form of estimating the population by countries of the world is accepted as illustrative and accessible for perception. Positions are distributed as follows:
There are 195 countries on the list in total. Belgium - 24 positions, after Haiti (341 inhabitants per square kilometer), Great Britain - 34 (255).
Russia population density
The Russian Federation ranks 181, behind neighboring Ukraine (100) and Belarus (126). Russia has a density of 8.56, while other Slavic states have 74 (Ukraine) and 46 (Belarus). At the same time, in terms of the territory occupied by the Russian Federation, it is far ahead of both powers.
Our planet is rich in a variety of ethnic groups, languages, cultures. There are much fewer countries in the world, but their number is quite large. This article will provide a list of countries in the world by population and territorial area. There is no need to list all the countries of the world, so only the top 10 states according to these indicators will be given here.
by population
The top ten countries in terms of the number of people living in them include:
- China (PRC). In 2017, about 1 billion 385 million people live in this country. For a long time, this country has occupied the top position in terms of population.
- India. The country has already reached 1 billion 345 million inhabitants, which is only slightly less than in China. Considering that population growth in India is much higher than in China, in a few years India will take the leading place in the world.
- USA. Today, about 326 million people live in this country. its much higher than in Europe, but not as high as in third world countries. The increase is due not only to a high birth rate, but also to a large influx of immigrants.
- Indonesia (264 million people). This Asian country today occupies the 4th position in terms of population. In addition, the population growth here is quite high, as in all of Southeast Asia.
- Pakistan, with about 208 million people, is a very poor state, but the population growth here is very high due to the high birth rate.
- Brazil, with a population of 207 million, recently ranked 5th, but not so long ago, Pakistan overtook it. Moreover, in Brazil itself, the population growth rate is also quite high.
- Nigeria (192 million inhabitants). Another country with an incredibly high population growth rate, so in the next few years, this country is also likely to push Brazil on this list.
- Bangladesh (160 million) is the poorest state in the list of countries in the world, but this does not prevent the country's population from growing at an unprecedented pace.
- Russia today has about 146 million inhabitants. For a long time in the Russian Federation there was a negative population growth, but not so long ago this figure began to increase slightly.
- Mexico (130 million people). This country has only recently entered the list of countries with the largest population, overtaking Japan. This is due to high population growth in Mexico and low in Japan.
List of countries in the world by area
Unlike the list above, this one hasn't changed in a long time.
There is no need to list the countries of the world in alphabetical order and give it in this article, so the top 10 countries by territory will be presented here:
- Russia (17.1 million sq. km). From the very moment of its formation, the Russian Federation began to take first place in the world in terms of area.
- Canada (9.98 million sq. km). Although the area of \u200b\u200bthis state is the second in the list of countries in the world, but in comparison with Russia, it is almost half that.
- China with an area of 9.6 million square meters. km stands today on the 3rd position in this list.
- The USA has an area of about 9.52 million sq. km, which is almost the same as that of China.
- Brazil, in fifth place, has an area of approximately 8.5 million square kilometers. km.
- Australia (7.7) occupies an entire continent and is one of the largest states in the world.
- India (3.3). Compared to all of the above countries, India seems quite small.
- Argentina with an area of 2.78 million sq. km is the second in Latin America.
- Kazakhstan (2.72) has the longest land border with Russia.
- Algeria (2.4) is largest state on the African continent.
Many are interested in how many countries in the world. The list of all sovereign states for 2017 is about 230 states. In addition to them, there are self-proclaimed, semi-sovereign countries, etc.
The alphabetical list of countries of the world is not of particular interest, since it does not carry any specific information about the country itself. If you compare the above countries of the world in the lists (photo below), you can understand a lot about them. For example, their dense population, territorial wealth and natural potential.
Conclusion
Diversity of countries, peoples, natural conditions, languages and cultures make our planet very interesting.
It is thanks to this diversity that people are interested in traveling and learning new things.
Therefore, despite repeated attempts to create a single language for everyone, it has not yet been implemented.
I think that everyone will say: "Big territory - big population". Based on this statement, about three billion people should live in our country, if we take China's population growth trend as an example. But no, it is not, and I want to understand why.
Earth population
Before I turn to the consideration of the population of our country, I want to deal with the world indicator. The population of the planet is the totality of all people who live on Earth. This collection is renewed every second. According to the latest data, the entire planet is inhabited by about 7 billion 550 million people. Going deeper into history, we can say about the different rates of population growth:
- until the 1970s, population growth was characterized by a hyperbolic law;
- after the 90s of the same century, the increase in terms of population amounted to almost 88 million;
- since the beginning of the 2000s, the population began to steadily increase every year by about 80-90 million people.
Leading countries by population in the world
Based on the data on the population in various states on our planet, it is safe to say that the area of the country is not the most important factor. Per last years, I think it has already become known to everyone that the Chinese People's Republic is in first place in terms of the number of people, namely, almost 1.4 billion, which is slightly more than 18 percent of the entire earth's population. But India is already catching up, its population is 47 million behind, which, with such numbers, is a mere trifle. This is where the billionaire countries end.
What is Russia's place in the world in terms of population?
In addition to India and China, ahead of Russia in the list of the most populated countries There are also six states:
- USA (330 million);
- Indonesia (265 million);
- Pakistan (210 million);
- Brazil (209 million);
- Nigeria (193 million);
- Bangladesh (161 million).
And only the ninth is Russia (147 million). It seems strange that with such an area - so many people. But this is all explained climatic conditions, and geographic location. On the other hand, a huge population is also not good looking at other countries.