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What are the necessary means to provide jobs. Safe organization of the workplace: labor protection rules. The position of employees in the course of operations

GOST 12.2.061-81

(ST SEV 2695-80)

UDC 658.382.3:006.354 Group T58

SYSTEM OF WORK SAFETY STANDARDS

PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT

General safety requirements for workplaces

Occupational safety standards system. industrial equipment. General safety requirements for working places

Introduction date 1982-07-01

DEVELOPED by the USSR State Committee for Standards

PERFORMERS Sh.L. Zlotnik, Ph.D. tech. sciences (topic leader); V.V. Gorsky

INTRODUCED by the USSR State Committee for Standards

Deputy Head of the Technical Department V.S. Krivtsov

APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree State Committee USSR according to the standards of November 11, 1981 No. 4883

1. This standard establishes general safety requirements for the design, equipment and organization of workplaces in the design and manufacture of production equipment, design and organization of production processes.

This standard fully complies with ST SEV 2695-80.

2. The workplace must comply with the requirements of GOST 12.2.003-74 and this standard.

3. The workplace, its equipment and equipment, used in accordance with the nature of the work, must ensure the safety, health protection and performance of workers.

4. The design of the workplace, its dimensions and the relative position of its elements (controls, information display devices, chairs, auxiliary equipment, etc.) must correspond to the anthropometric, physiological and psychophysiological properties of a person, as well as the nature of the work.

5. The levels (concentrations) of hazardous and (or) harmful production factors affecting a person at the workplace must not exceed the established maximum permissible values.

6. The workplace and the mutual arrangement of its elements must ensure safe and convenient maintenance and cleaning.

7. The design of the workplace should provide a comfortable working posture for a person, which is achieved by adjusting the position of the chair, the height and angle of inclination of the footrest when it is used, and (or) the height and dimensions of the working surface.

When it is impossible to adjust the height and angle of the footrest, the height and dimensions of the working surface, it is allowed to design and manufacture equipment with non-adjustable parameters. In this case, the height of the working surface is set based on the nature of the work, the requirements for sensory control and the required accuracy of actions, the average height of the workers (men - if only men work, women - if only women work, men and women - if both men and women work ).

8. The design of the workplace should ensure the performance of labor operations in the areas of the motor field (optimal, easy reach and reach) depending on the required accuracy and frequency of actions.

9. When designing a workplace, depending on the nature of the work, work in a sitting position should be preferred to work in a standing position or it should be possible to alternate both positions (for example, using an auxiliary chair).

The organization of the workplace should provide the possibility of changing the working posture.

10. The organization of the workplace must ensure the stable position and freedom of movement of the worker, sensory control of activities and the safety of the performance of labor operations.

The organization of the workplace should exclude or allow rare and short-term work in uncomfortable positions (characterized, for example, by the need to strongly lean forward or to the sides, squat, work with outstretched or high arms, etc.) that cause increased fatigue.

11. The organization of the workplace should provide the necessary overview of the observation area from the workplace.

12. Means of displaying information should be placed in the zones of the information field of the workplace, taking into account the frequency and significance of incoming information, the type of means of displaying information, the accuracy and speed of tracking and reading.

Visual means of displaying information should be appropriately lit.

13. The workplace must have sufficient illumination according to the nature and conditions of the work performed and, if necessary, emergency lighting.

14. General requirements for controls - in accordance with GOST 12.2.064-81 and this standard.

15. Controls must be placed at the workplace, taking into account the working posture, the functional purpose of the control, frequency of use, sequence of use, functional connection with the appropriate means of displaying information.

16. The distance between the controls should exclude the possibility of changing the position of the control when manipulating the adjacent control.

17. The workplace, if necessary, must be equipped with auxiliary equipment (lifting vehicles, etc.). Its layout should ensure the optimization of labor and its safety.

18. When performing work related to the impact on employees of hazardous and (or) harmful production factors, the workplace, if necessary, must be equipped with protective equipment, fire extinguishing equipment and rescue equipment.

Requirements for protective equipment included in the design of production equipment - according to GOST 12.2.003-74.

19. The presence or possibility of danger and the ways in which it is possible to prevent or reduce its impact on workers must be indicated by signal colors and safety signs in accordance with GOST 12.4.026-76.

The use of safety signs does not replace the necessary measures for labor safety.

20. The color scheme of the workplace must meet the requirements of technical aesthetics.

21. The mutual arrangement and layout of workplaces should provide safe access to the workplace and the possibility of quick evacuation in an emergency. Escape routes and passages must be marked and have adequate lighting.

22. The organization and condition of workplaces, as well as the distances between workplaces, must ensure the safe movement of workers and vehicles, convenient and safe handling of materials, workpieces, semi-finished products, as well as maintenance and repair of production equipment.

Helpful information:

Every entrepreneur who rented or bought an office and hired employees must know what requirements apply to jobs. If you do not know these requirements or simply ignore them, then you can attract the attention of regulatory authorities and receive fines. Therefore, in our article we in detail Let's discuss what are the current requirements for the organization of the workplace and how to comply with them.

It is customary to call the workplace the space where the employee carries out labor activities and where he should be during the working day. If a person is in such a place for more than half of his working time, then it is called permanent. While working in his production area, the employee should not be exposed to harmful factors from which the employer must protect him. This is spelled out in SanPiN 2.2.2 / 2.4.1340-03. There are also hygiene requirements, which are indicated in the document SanPiN 2.2.4.1294-03.

If the work is related to computers

The number of jobs is determined according to the following existing standards:

  • At least 6 square meters of floor space per seat.
  • At least 20 square meters of space around the place.

As for lighting, it is necessary that the light be both cold and warm. The main requirement for a computer workplace is that there should be windows in the room. It is forbidden to organize computer workstations in a room without windows. And natural light for natural areas, where there is a lot of snow, it should be at least 1.2 KEO, and for other places - at least 1.5 KEO. Natural light should fall on the left side of the person. And artificial light requires general, uniform (flicker-free) and glare-free work surfaces.

To illuminate the room where work on computers takes place, LPO lamps are needed. This is a fluorescent light, general and ceiling. Table lamps with a reflector are used to additionally illuminate the work tables.

The room must be heated and have a ventilation system. The interior needs to be renovated so that the surfaces are covered with reflective material.

The floor is smooth so that it does not slip and dirt is easily removed from it. The room should have a first aid kit for emergency medical care and a fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire.

Noise and its level

The noise level requirements are as follows. The frequency of sound vibrations is not more than 50 decibels. To fulfill this condition, the following methods are used:

  • Proper location of jobs.
  • Noise isolation of space.
  • Additional noise absorption measures.

Workplaces

This is the most important aspect that an entrepreneur needs to pay attention to. There must be at least one meter between the sides of employee computers, and at least two meters between the display of one computer and the back of another. Under the feet should be placed a relief stand that would not slip. This stand is lowered and raised in such a way that the worker can take a comfortable position for himself.

The desktop should fit everything necessary for the work of the employee and at the same time not be cluttered. Its width is at least 60 centimeters, and its length is 1 m 20 cm. As for the height, the standard is from 600 to 800 mm. The shiny surface of the table is unacceptable - it should only be matte. Under the table, the employee can freely stretch his legs.

The work chair should allow a person to take a comfortable position and change it during working hours. Seat - at least 40 centimeters, with rounded edges. It can be adjusted both in height and inclination of the back. Armrests are required, their width is from 5 to 7 centimeters, and their length is not less than 25 centimeters. All surfaces that come into contact with a person must be non-slip, easy to clean and not generate static electricity.

Eventually

Competent organization of the workspace for employees is a laborious process and requires compliance with many nuances. The main thing here is to take into account all the requirements of the law, which are spelled out in regulatory documents. We hope that our article helped you answer the question of how to organize a workplace in the office and how it should be.

Workplace is an organizationally indivisible element of the production process under specific conditions. It is serviced by one or several people, designed to carry out various operations, equipped with appropriate devices and equipment, depending on the specifics of the activity. AT Russian Federation there are certain regulatory requirements for the organization of workplaces. Let's consider them in more detail.

Legal aspect

The requirements for the organization of the workplace are established in:

  1. TK RF.
  2. Legislative acts of subjects.
  3. International and state standards.
  4. Labor contract.
  5. collective agreement.

These acts contain rules, procedures, establish criteria that ensure the preservation of the health and life of people in the course of their professional activities. Compliance with the requirements of the organization of workplaces is the responsibility of each employer.

Classification

Jobs are differentiated depending on the degree of automation. In accordance with this criterion, jobs are allocated:


Organization of the workplace: labor safety requirements

Areas for the implementation of professional activities are located outside the zone of movement of mechanisms, containers, goods, movement of goods. At the same time, convenient monitoring of ongoing processes and management of operations should be provided. The main requirements for the organization of workplaces include an order to create free space between the areas where employees carry out activities. It is necessary for the free movement of people during the operation of the equipment. Labor protection requirements for the organization of workplaces include the obligation to place them along the way. technological process. At the same time, counter flows should be excluded when moving containers, products, waste. The path of movement of products should be as short as possible, and the transitions of employees are minimized. The general requirements for the organization of the workplace of a locksmith and other specialists employed at the machine, therefore, provide for the establishment of such a state of the sites, as well as the distance between them, so that the free movement of people and vehicles, normal maintenance, repair and cleaning of equipment is ensured.

The position of employees in the course of operations

The requirements for the organization of the workplace provide for the need to provide sufficient space for the rational placement of additional inventory, containers, equipment. The site of professional activity should be convenient for a person. We are also talking about the postures of the employee in which operations are performed. They should not create difficulties for a person. The requirements for the organization of the workplace include a provision on the possibility of performing operations in a sitting position or when alternating standing and sitting positions. This is provided if the activity does not require constant movement. When performing operations in a sitting position, people should be provided with comfortable chairs.

The requirements for the organization of the workplace, where the employee performs activities while standing, include certain parameters of the site. In particular, the width must be at least 600 mm, length - 1600 mm. The space for the feet has the following parameters: 530 mm wide, 150 mm each - in height and depth. The table installed on the workplace should be at a height of 955 mm from the floor. Required Tools, inventory, dishes are placed in drawers, wall cabinets, racks within reach. Key requirement The safety of the organization of workplaces consists in preventing the blocking of aisles and areas for the direct performance of production operations with containers and products. Their mutual location and layout should provide free access and quick evacuation in case of an emergency.

Sellers activity

The following requirements for the organization of the workplace of an employee of a trading enterprise are provided for:

  1. The placement of inventory and goods should provide convenience when performing actions. It is necessary to exclude unnecessary transitions, movements of the torso and arms. Inventory and products must be in permanent places assigned to them.
  2. At the site of implementation trading activities comfortable chairs or folding seats are installed for relaxation during the absence of customers. It is not allowed to use boxes and other items for this purpose. There should be a wooden floor between the wall equipment and the counter. This is necessary to prevent hypothermia of the legs.

For areas of trading activity, there are established sanitary requirements. When selling food products, there must be containers with special markings (jars with lids, buckets, etc.). As they are filled, but not more than 2/3, it must be cleaned. Upon completion of work, all tanks and buckets, regardless of their fullness, must be washed with a 1-2% soda solution or other detergents.

Packing, packaging, packing of products

Special chests and tables should be used at workplaces. Equipment dimensions must take into account anthropometric parameters. The working surface is located at the height established in GOSTs 12.2.032 and 12.2.033. The premises where the packaging of flour and flour products is carried out are equipped with a local exhaust. Packing of products with a large weight is carried out on tables of increased strength. These surfaces should be provided with containers for materials: paper, boxes, bags, and so on. Postures recommended for stackers-packers performing various operations:

The workplaces of employees who perform operations mainly in a sitting position with limited mobility should be equipped with adjustable inclination angle, height, distance from the table, footrests and comfortable seats.

Space for the controller-cashier

A chair with a lift-and-swivel mechanism is installed at the employee's workplace. The seat surface should be slightly curved and adjustable in height within 0.4-0.45 m, have a width of 0.42 m and a depth of 0.41 m. The coatings are made of a material that provides low thermal conductivity and the ability to carry out wet cleaning. For convenience when working in a sitting position, the place is equipped with a footrest. It must have a regulating mechanism for the angle of inclination and the height of the support platform. One of the main requirements for ensuring optimal working conditions for cashiers is a high level of illumination. At the same time, sources of direct and reflected brilliance are excluded from the field of view of workers. Lamps are located directly above the place of work of the employee.

Protection of controllers-cashiers from criminal encroachments

It is provided by the equipment of the premises with emergency lighting and the installation of a "panic button". In the process of transferring funds to a banking organization or during their transportation from it, the employer is obliged to provide the employee with security, and, if necessary, a car. The cashier and persons accompanying him, as well as the driver of the transport, are prohibited from:

  1. Disclose the route of movement and the amount of funds transported.
  2. Allow unauthorized persons to enter the vehicle.
  3. transport cash by public or passing transport, as well as carry them on foot.
  4. Fulfill other orders, be distracted from the delivery of cash to the destination.

Operations for wet-heat treatment of products

Workplaces of ironers are located in premises intended for receiving, maintaining and preparing goods for sale. Special surfaces are equipped with a figured removable wooden board. On both sides it is covered with cloth. On the right, at a slight inclination to the surface, a metal iron stand is installed on the table. On three sides, it should be provided with sides, the height of which is 30-40 mm. They are necessary to prevent the iron from falling. In the right corner in the upper part of the surface, a rack with a height of 800 mm is mounted. It is used to hang the cord of the iron. The ironing table must also have a device for attaching a fan, a trough to prevent products from hanging on the floor during processing. In addition, a retractable arm for hanging the iron, a hinged fan, buttons for turning it on / off, a frame for a piece of cloth is installed on the surface, with which the cleanliness of the sole of the iron is checked. The design of the desktop provides for drawers for storing accessories, tools, a cabinet for storing personal items, a shelf for special pads, brushes, etc. There must be a dielectric mat on the floor. The workplace is also equipped with a chair with a lifting and turning mechanism, a semi-soft seat for a short rest.

Storeroom

The area of ​​the workplace must be at least 6 square meters. m. To ensure normal conditions for the professional activities of the storekeeper, insulated cabins are installed. The workplace can be fenced off with a glass partition, the height of which is 1.8 m. The workplace is equipped with a table and a swivel chair. The storekeeper must have at his disposal the tools necessary to open the container (pliers, scissors, pliers, knives, etc.). Lamps are installed above the employee's desk, where he completes the paperwork, and next to the file cabinets.

Space for picker

The workplace is equipped with appropriate inventory, mechanisms and materials depending on the categories of goods. When picking large-sized products (refrigerators, furniture, etc.), the workplace occupies the entire warehouse area. In this case, operations are carried out using autocars or cargo carts equipped with lifting devices. The activities of the picker associated with weighing are carried out using scales with a load capacity of 5-2000 kg. Studio should be installed at the workplace. The height of its seat is 400-450 mm, the depth is 410-500 mm. In addition, the workplace is equipped with local lighting.

Premises for an employee serving a freight elevator

The workplace is located on the site on the main loading floor. If the duties of the elevator operator include escorting the load, then the area of ​​\u200b\u200bhis activity extends to the cabin where objects are transported. At the workplace, a bedside table is installed for storing documentation and a first-aid kit, a telephone or other means of communication, a stool, an internal or external push-button system for controlling sound and light alarms. In the machine room of the elevator, there must be a dielectric mat and gloves, as well as a protective helmet. The key to this room is given to the elevator operator.

Janitor's area

The workplace of this employee is located directly near the area that he serves. When planning the premises, it is necessary to provide passages for cleaning machines and passages for employees. The workplace is equipped with a cabinet with compartments that house detergents, overalls, inventory.

Equipping spaces for VDT and PC users

For employees whose work is related to the use of personal electronic computers and video display terminals, desktops are equipped, the height of which is adjustable within 680-800 mm. If there is no appropriate mechanism, the surface is placed at a distance of 725 mm from the floor. The height of the legroom is not less than 600 mm, the width is not less than 500, and the depth at the level of the knees is 450 mm and the extended legs are 650 mm. This is where the stand should be installed. Its width is not less than 300, and its depth is 400 mm. The stand should be adjustable in tilt angle up to 20 degrees. and height - up to 150 mm. Along the front edge, a side is provided, the height of which is 10 mm. The stand must have a corrugated surface. In the working cross (chair) of the user of the PC and VDT, a lifting and turning mechanism is provided, the back and seat are adjustable in tilt angle and height. Changing parameters should be easy. All mechanisms are performed independently and securely fix the selected position of the elements. The surface of the backrest, seat and other parts with which the employee is in direct contact should have a semi-soft, non-electrifying, non-slip, breathable coating that can be easily cleaned from dirt. The monitor should be located from the eyes of the employee at a distance of 600-700 mm, taking into account the size of alphanumeric characters and signs.

Additionally

To prevent drafts in rooms located near doors, technological openings, gates, screens or partitions are installed. Preparation of the workplace is carried out at the end of the shift. The employee cleans mechanisms, tools, auxiliary inventory, equipment. If necessary, wet cleaning is carried out.

Conclusion

Until 2013, in accordance with the requirements of the legislation, regular certification of workplaces was carried out. It included an assessment, verification of compliance with the requirements, the quality of equipping the areas for the implementation of the professional activities of employees. Special attention was given to enterprises engaged in the field of catering and food trade. Special commissions were created, which first of all checked whether the sanitary requirements for the premises were met. A new procedure has now been introduced. Certification of workplaces has been replaced by an assessment of the conditions for the implementation of professional activities by employees. This procedure has been introduced since 2014. Corresponding amendments were made to the Labor Code.

Any work takes place in the conditions of a certain workplace. The results of labor, the laboriousness of work, and the safety of the worker depend on the rational organization of the workplace [17].

Healthy and productive work is possible only with good maintenance of the workplace, its proper organization. A comfortable working posture, lack of fuss, unnecessary movements, and comfort in the room are important for labor productivity and for combating premature fatigue [16]. Despite the wide variety of organizational specifications production, very specific requirements are imposed on the organization of workplaces, both in terms of providing conditions for the highly efficient work of the worker, and in terms of providing a healthy and safe environment.

The complex of labor protection requirements for the organization of the workplace includes: general requirements, safety requirements, sanitary and hygienic requirements, anti- fire safety, ergonomic and aesthetic requirements [17].

The microclimate of the workplace has a significant impact on human performance.

The main hygienic requirements are the creation of an optimal microclimate in the working room and sufficient stability of the internal temperature. The temperature difference in the horizontal direction from windows to opposite walls should not exceed 2°C, and in the vertical direction - 1°C per meter of room height.

The temperature level can be reduced to 8 - 15 °C there. Where work is associated with constant movement and carrying heavy loads or where there is significant heat radiation. AT summer time the temperature in the working room should not exceed the temperature of the outside air by 3 - 5 ° C, and in hot weather, so that it is lower than outside. The performance decreases both at very low and at very high humidity [16].

Workplaces must be equipped in accordance with approved projects. It is very important to equip the workplace with equipment and tools that correspond to the composition and technological features of the designed work. In particular, during the construction of drilling rigs, the choice of drilling equipment - a machine tool, a derrick, a pump, a pipe turner, a candlestick, pipe racks, drilling tools, etc. - is made based on the content of the project of the well planned for drilling. Non-compliance with even one of these mechanisms can lead to the fact that the installed equipment will be subjected to unacceptable loads, which can lead to an emergency shutdown of the entire drilling rig.

Safety requirements for workplaces provide for the compliance of the workplace and the equipment used with safety rules and standards. The equipment and tools used must be equipped with the necessary protective equipment - guards, safety devices, warning alarms. A prerequisite the safety of the workplace is to equip it with personal protective equipment - goggles, overalls and safety shoes, respirators, dielectric gloves, etc. It is very important to keep the equipment and tools used in good condition to ensure safety. In accordance with the rules of safety in the workplace, it is necessary to post safety instructions and typical technological maps containing the list, timing and sequence of technological operations. If necessary, workplaces are provided with appropriate documentation - a shift acceptance and delivery log, a safety check log, etc.

Sanitary and hygienic requirements for workplaces provide for the compliance of workplaces with sanitary standards. It is of great importance temperature regime at work. When working in industrial premises, the air temperature in working area should be between 17-22°C for light work and 13-18°C for heavy work. In the case of outdoor work, each site must be provided with rooms for heating workers and shelters from precipitation. The air environment of working premises should not contain toxic gases, vapors, dust above the permissible concentrations. Where necessary, workplaces are equipped with ventilation, air conditioning, and heating [17]. Noise has a negative impact on health and performance. Exposure to prolonged and very intense noise (over 80 dB) adversely affects the nervous system, hearing loss and deafness may develop [16]. In mechanized industries - on drilling rigs, in mechanical workshops, crushing shops, much attention is paid to reducing noise and vibration levels. At workplaces, for this purpose, special devices and devices are used to eliminate or reduce noise and vibration to the level of sanitary standards (sound-absorbing linings, soundproof hoods, shock absorbers, etc.).

All workplaces must be adequately lit for safe work. In all cases, natural light should be preferred[17].

Light is a powerful performance stimulant. Lighting is considered sufficient if it allows for a long time without stress and does not cause eye fatigue. When using fluorescent lamps (fluorescent lamps), visual fatigue occurs later than with conventional incandescent lamps, and labor productivity increases.

The color of the surrounding objects, the color of the walls have a significant impact on human performance. Red colors with a golden hue - warm - have an invigorating, stimulating effect, and blue, green - blue, on the contrary, soothing, conducive to rest, peace, promoting sleep. Things painted in a dark color seem heavier than light ones, so it is recommended to paint machines and machines in pleasant light colors [ 16 ].

Production facilities are equipped with dressing rooms with cabinets for overalls, first-aid kits, washbasins, dining rooms, and, if necessary, showers. Drinking water vessels equipped with fountain-type taps or mugs should be installed near workplaces.

In accordance with fire safety requirements, the workplace must be systematically cleaned of spilled flammable, combustible substances, etc. For storage of used cleaning materials, workplaces must be equipped with metal boxes with lids. It is forbidden to store unnecessary equipment and materials in the workplace; smoking is not allowed [ 17 ].

General ergonomic requirements for the organization of the workplace are defined in the following standards:

* GOST 12.2.032 - 78 "SSBT. Workplace when performing work while sitting. General ergonomic requirements”.

* GOST 12.2.033 - 78 "SSBT. Workplace when performing work while standing. General ergonomic requirements”.

They establish requirements for workplaces in the performance of work in a sitting and standing position in the design of new and modernization of existing equipment and production processes. These include the following requirements: * The design of the workplace and the relative position of all its

elements must comply with anthropometric, physiological and psychological requirements, as well as the nature of the work.

* The design of the workplace should ensure the performance of labor operations within the reach of the motor field.

* The performance of labor operations "often" and "very often" should be provided within the zone of easy reach and the optimal zone of the motor field.

* The design of production equipment and the workplace must ensure the optimal position of the worker, which is achieved by regulation.

In short, the workplace is an open or closed area of ​​the territory or space, equipped with the necessary production facilities, within which the employee is engaged in labor activity. It can also be assigned to a group of employees. Usually, a certain part of the general production cycle is carried out at the workplace.

It is logical that in order to achieve high labor productivity, it is necessary for him to provide such conditions under which his performance will be the highest.

Important! The employer should adapt workplaces, taking into account not only the specific type of activity, qualifications, but also individual physical and psychological features every worker.

General requirements for the organization of the workplace

These requirements are regulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Regulations (SanPiN) and other legal documents.

The main goal of the organization of the workplace is to ensure high-quality and efficient performance of work in compliance with the established deadlines and with the full use of the equipment assigned to the employee.

To achieve it, organizational, technical, ergonomic, sanitary, hygienic and economic requirements are imposed on the workplace.

What requirements must an employee's workplace meet?


Occupational safety is a priority!

The most important requirement in the organization of the workplace is to ensure safe comfortable conditions for work, prevention of occupational diseases and accidents. This whole complex of measures is called labor protection at work.

In other words, labor protection, in fact, is a system of legislative acts in conjunction with socio-economic, organizational, technical, hygienic and therapeutic and preventive measures and means to ensure safe conditions work and maintaining the health of employees of the enterprise.

To do this, it is necessary to create favorable working conditions in accordance with sanitary standards, safety, ergonomics, aesthetics.

Indoor microclimate

The legislation of our country strictly regulates the temperature and humidity of the air in the room. In particular, when the average daily outdoor temperature is below 10°C, the amplitude of its fluctuations in the room should be 22-24°C. At a temperature external environment more than the specified value - 23-25 ​​° С. In case of temporary non-compliance with these conditions in one direction or another, the working day is reduced (SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 dated June 21, 2016 No. 81).

Protection from the harmful effects of computer technology

Since today it is impossible to imagine office work without a PC, there are standards for employees who use computer equipment in their work. For example, when working with a computer with a flat screen monitor, the workplace must have an area of ​​​​at least 4.5 square meters. m, when using a kinescopic monitor - 6 sq.m. After each hour of work, the room must be ventilated (SanPiN 2.2.2 / 2.4.1340-03 of May 30, 2003). The same normative act regulates the height, width and depth for the legs under the desktop, stipulates the mandatory presence of a footrest with a corrugated surface.

The level of electrostatic and electromagnetic fields, radiation and ultraviolet radiation, radio frequency bands and other factors harmful to the health of employees.

Attention! In the basement, the use of copiers, printers and other office equipment is prohibited, and for ordinary offices, appropriate standards have been established for the distance between technical means(SanPin 2.2.2. 1332-03).

Lighting Requirements

Also, the relevant articles of SanPin establish standards for lighting. For example, the illumination in the room should be in the range from 300 to 500 lux. When artificial lighting is used, the lighting parameters must ensure good visibility of the information provided by the personal computer screen. For local lighting, luminaires installed on desktops or specially equipped panels for vertical installation are recommended (SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.).

Noise requirements

For the noise level, a maximum threshold of 80 decibels is set (SanPin 2.2.4. 3359-16).

Regulatory documents provide for the installation of special foundations or shock-absorbing pads for the main noise-producing equipment and other equipment, as well as the use of noise-absorbing materials.

Providing conditions for eating

The order of eating at the workplace is regulated by article 108 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, SNiP 2.09.04-87:

  • with the number of employees less than 10 people, a place with an area of ​​​​at least 6 square meters is required. m, equipped with a dining table;
  • with the number of employees up to 29 people, the required area is twice as much;
  • if the company employs up to 200 employees, it is mandatory to have a canteen-handout;
  • if the number of employees exceeds 200, the canteen should be provided with raw materials or semi-finished products.

Unregulated situations

In the event of situations that are not regulated by sanitary and hygienic standards (the roof is leaking, the toilet is out of order, etc.), the employee has the right to refuse to work. At the same time, the employer is obliged to offer him another employment until the problem is completely eliminated. If such a decision is impossible, according to Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to declare downtime with the payment of a penalty in the amount of at least 2/3 of the average wages worker.

Of the ergonomic requirements for the workplace, the following should be additionally noted:

  1. Selection of a rational location of the working surface and zone, taking into account the anthropometric data of a particular employee.
  2. Provision of measures to prevent or reduce premature fatigue of the employee, the occurrence of stressful situation taking into account the physiological, psychophysiological characteristics of a person and his character. By the way, according to psychologists, workers who constantly use electronic computers in their work are much more stressed than their less “advanced” colleagues.
  3. Ensuring speed, safety and ease of maintenance in both normal and emergency operating conditions.

Technical parameters include equipment with innovative technology, fixtures, laboratory equipment, cargo handling mechanisms, etc.

Employer's responsibility

According to the requirement of Article 209 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the relevant federal executive agency establishes the procedure for certification of workplaces in order to determine the factors affecting the safety of working conditions in the workplace. For each violation of the established legislation, the employer is liable.

At the first violation, officials and individual entrepreneurs are warned or subject to a fine of 2,000 to 5,000 rubles. The same for organizations - a warning or a fine in the amount of 50-80 thousand rubles (Article 5.27.1. Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, part 1).

In case of repeated violation of part 5 of this article, more severe penalties are already provided:

  • officials are subject to a fine of 30-40 thousand rubles or disqualification from one to three years;
  • fine for individual entrepreneurs similar, or their activities may be administratively suspended for up to 90 days;
  • organizations may be fined 100-200 thousand rubles or also subject to an administrative suspension of their activities.

Instead of a conclusion


According to the state of workplaces at a particular enterprise or office, one can judge not only the level of labor organization and production culture in them, but also their solidity and the degree of trust in them by potential and existing customers.

2. Organization of workplaces for office employees

Principles of workplace organization

Workplace - an employee's work area equipped with

the necessary means to carry out their duties.

Workplace organization is a system of measures for equipping

workplace means and objects of labor and their functional

schenie taking into account the anthropometric data of the performer.

The organization of workplaces for office employees consists in ensuring a rational arrangement and layout of office premises, equipping workplaces with the necessary furniture and modern office equipment.

Main factors in workplace design:

Technology and nature of the work performed;

Relationships in the labor process;

Fire safety and industrial sanitation rules;

Specific requirements of state supervision bodies for special

social premises and services.

Arrange structural subdivisions as close as possible to each other

with a related nature of work, as well as workplaces of cooperation

kov having the most frequent business contacts with each other;

Departments that, due to the specifics of the work performed, are associated with

reception of third-party visitors: for example, the personnel department, AHS, department

MTO should be located in the lower floors of the building near the entrances;

When placing structural units, consider the possibility

extensions, installations additional equipment, as well as organ-

downgrading of new departments;

When placing the workplace, take into account the standard area on

one worker, proper lighting (natural light

must fall to the left or front), uncluttered space

(unnecessary items for direct work operations),

free and safe access to the places of inclusion in the network of funds

Eliminate the distracting and adverse effects of street

irritants, as well as, if possible, reduce thermal radiation from heating devices and light radiation from monitor screens, televisions and other audiovisual means;

Choose the shape and dimensions of furniture, taking into account anthropometric indicators to ensure a comfortable position of the body while sitting at work and create good visual perception;

Select office equipment, mechanization means with the highest possible degree of their typification;

Organize employee places in accordance with the technological

the process of their work;

Improve working conditions, creating a favorable sanitary

5S workplace rationalization system

This system, which is one of the tools for the formation and

functioning of the so-called "lean office", was developed in

post-war Japan at Toyota.

It is based on the whole philosophy of low-cost, successful, lean production, and it is becoming quite popular in Russian offices, although its full-fledged implementation is complicated by the lack of appropriate practice and psychological resistance not only from ordinary office personnel, but also from management.

The 5S system is five steps towards creating a comprehensive quality environment that enhances productivity, quality and safety

labor. The 5S system takes its name from the first letters of five Japanese words and their English counterparts:

. seiri (Sorting) "sorting » - a clear division of things into the necessary and

unnecessary and getting rid of the latter;

. seiton (Simplifying) "keeping order" (accuracy, self-organization

nization) - organization of storage of necessary things, which allows you to quickly and easily find and use them;

. seiso (Sweeping) "keeping clean" (cleaning) - keeping the workplace clean and tidy;

. seiketsu (Standardizing) "standardization" (keeping order) -

a necessary condition for the fulfillment of the first three rules;

. shitsuke (Sustaining) "perfection" (habit formation) –

fostering the habit of precise implementation of established rules, procedures and technological operations.

Creation of a comfortable psychological climate, stimulation

Increasing the productivity of office workers;

Reducing time and material costs;

Minimization of "idle operations" and labor costs;

Reducing the number of accidents.

Calculation of office space area (according to V.V. Pirozhkov)

In the office, each employee should be able to

free access to your workplace or equipment of common use

calling. Therefore, when placing workplaces and equipment, take into account

the dimensions of the aisles and some other distances in the service premises.

Here's what they can be.

For example, passage width (cm):

for one person - 60;

for two people - 80;

for three people - 100;

between tables - 55–90;

between the wall and the table - 65–85;

between heating appliances and the desktop - 55.

Can be used to determine the required working area

places in each specific case total calculation method:

where Ptot - the entire area of ​​the workplace;

Pr - the area necessary for the work and movement of the employee;

P is the area occupied by the equipment;

Ppr is the area of ​​passages.

With this method of calculation, you can also take into account the required area

for visitors and for equipment used collectively. When using

using the total method, the calculation is carried out in accordance with the standards for individual

workplace elements.

The most convenient are the rectangular shape of the rooms with a ratio of 1:1; 1:1.5 and maximum - 1:2;

the minimum height of the rooms is 3.25 m;

the minimum width is 2.5–3 m.

With two-sided natural lighting, the maximum width (depth) of the premises is 12-15 m, and with one-sided - 6-7 m.

The minimum area per one workplace of an employee (without a PC) is 4.25 m2.

Factors of office space arrangement

The office should be both technologically advanced and comfortable, which is achieved not only by the correct calculation of the area of ​​​​employees' workplaces, but, above all, through a well-thought-out system of office space arrangement (in particular, their layout and equipment).

This should take into account:

The need for office staff in privacy and concentration;

Types of labor processes used;

The need for meeting rooms and back-up

Depending on the main specifics of the office, the ratio of these factors

changes: for concentrated, with maximum concentration work, it is better

just a separate office is suitable, and for communication - open in one or another

To take into account these factors, when arranging office space, three types of layout are used: closed, open and combined.

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Workplace organization rules


Labor productivity will be much higher if the management took into account some rules for the location of employees in the premises. Read how jobs are organized in a company or office.

Organization of the workplace in the office

The general rules for organizing the workplace of an office employee are to ensure the rational arrangement of the premises and equipping them with the necessary furniture and office equipment. This takes into account the following features:

  • the relationship of people in the process of implementation job duties;
  • the nature of the work performed;
  • fire safety and sanitation requirements.

Advice: in order for the organization of places to be effective, it is necessary to have related works by type structural units closer to each other.

It is also important to take into account technical features - lighting, standard area per employee, free access to office equipment, etc.

Organization of workplaces in industrial premises


A workplace in production is an area assigned to one or more workers, which is equipped with all the necessary technological, auxiliary and other resources to ensure the work process.

Employee's workplace industrial premises consists of several elements:

  • production area;
  • equipment;
  • places of storage of blanks, materials, products;
  • place for waste disposal;
  • a place to store fixtures and tools necessary for work;
  • devices to ensure the safety of the work process and sanitary requirements.

The existing unsatisfactory organization and maintenance of workplaces is common cause receiving industrial injuries. This issue should be carefully considered in order to avoid trouble.

Organization of the manager's workplace

The place of work of the head is his office. It must be equipped with the necessary tools, filing cabinets, etc. In the office, everything should be conveniently placed to maintain the efficiency of the head.

The area of ​​​​the office and its equipment with furniture depend on the number of people who regularly come to this room - for meetings, meetings. The layout depends on the specifics of the manager’s work, as well as the requirements for his safety.

Requirements for the organization of the workplace. Classification, equipment and safety of workplaces

The workplace is an organizationally indivisible element of the production process under specific conditions. It is serviced by one or several people, designed to carry out various operations, equipped with appropriate devices and equipment, depending on the specifics of the activity. In the Russian Federation, there are certain regulatory requirements for the organization of jobs. Let's consider them in more detail.

Legal aspect


The requirements for the organization of the workplace are established in:

  1. TK RF.
  2. Legislative acts of subjects.
  3. International and state standards.
  4. Labor contract.
  5. collective agreement.

These acts contain rules, procedures, establish criteria that ensure the preservation of the health and life of people in the course of their professional activities. Compliance with the requirements of the organization of workplaces is the responsibility of each employer.

Classification


Jobs are differentiated depending on the degree of automation. In accordance with this criterion, jobs are allocated:

  1. With manual operation.
  2. Using a power tool with an external drive.
  3. Machine-handmade. In this case, there is a machine / mechanism that functions with the direct participation of the employee.
  4. Machine places. On them, the main activity is carried out by the installation, the control of which and auxiliary operations are carried out by a person.
  5. Automated places. On them, key operations are carried out by machines, and auxiliary operations are fully or partially mechanized.
  6. Hardware locations. They are equipped with special equipment, on which production operations are performed by exposing the object to electrical, physico-chemical or thermal energy.

Organization of the workplace: labor safety requirements

Areas for the implementation of professional activities are located outside the zone of movement of mechanisms, containers, goods, movement of goods. At the same time, convenient monitoring of ongoing processes and management of operations should be provided. The main requirements for the organization of workplaces include an order to create free space between the areas where employees carry out activities. It is necessary for the free movement of people during the operation of the equipment. Labor protection requirements for the organization of workplaces include the obligation to place them in the course of the technological process. At the same time, counter flows should be excluded when moving containers, products, waste. The path of movement of products should be as short as possible, and the transitions of employees are minimized. The general requirements for the organization of the workplace of a locksmith and other specialists employed at the machine, therefore, provide for the establishment of such a state of the sites, as well as the distance between them, so that the free movement of people and vehicles, normal maintenance, repair and cleaning of equipment is ensured.

The position of employees in the course of operations


The requirements for the organization of the workplace provide for the need to provide sufficient space for the rational placement of additional inventory, containers, equipment. The site of professional activity should be convenient for a person. We are also talking about the postures of the employee in which operations are performed. They should not create difficulties for a person. The requirements for the organization of the workplace include a provision on the possibility of performing operations in a sitting position or when alternating standing and sitting positions. This is provided if the activity does not require constant movement. When performing operations in a sitting position, people should be provided with comfortable chairs.

The requirements for the organization of the workplace, where the employee performs activities while standing, include certain parameters of the site. In particular, the width must be at least 600 mm, length - 1600 mm. The space for the feet has the following parameters: 530 mm wide, 150 mm each - in height and depth. The table installed on the workplace should be at a height of 955 mm from the floor. The necessary tools, inventory, utensils are placed in drawers, wall cabinets, racks within reach. The key requirement for the safety of the organization of workplaces is to prevent blocking of aisles and areas for the direct performance of production operations with containers and products. Their mutual location and layout should provide free access and quick evacuation in case of an emergency.

Sellers activity


The following requirements for the organization of the workplace of an employee of a trading enterprise are provided for:

  1. The placement of inventory and goods should provide convenience when performing actions. It is necessary to exclude unnecessary transitions, movements of the torso and arms. Inventory and products must be in permanent places assigned to them.
  2. At the trading area, comfortable chairs or folding seats are installed for relaxation during the absence of buyers. It is not allowed to use boxes and other items for this purpose. There should be a wooden floor between the wall equipment and the counter. This is necessary to prevent hypothermia of the legs.

Sanitary requirements have been established for trading areas. When selling food products, there must be containers with special markings (jars with lids, buckets, etc.). As they are filled, but not more than 2/3, it must be cleaned. Upon completion of work, all tanks and buckets, regardless of their fullness, must be washed with a 1-2% soda solution or other detergents.

Packing, packaging, packing of products


Special chests and tables should be used at workplaces. Equipment dimensions must take into account anthropometric parameters. The working surface is located at the height established in GOSTs 12.2.032 and 12.2.033. The premises where the packaging of flour and flour products is carried out are equipped with a local exhaust. Packing of products with a large weight is carried out on tables of increased strength. These surfaces should be provided with containers for materials: paper, boxes, bags, and so on. Postures recommended for stackers-packers performing various operations:

  • for cutting gastronomic products - standing;
  • for packing, weighing - sitting-standing.

The workplaces of employees who perform operations mainly in a sitting position with limited mobility should be equipped with adjustable inclination angle, height, distance from the table, footrests and comfortable seats.

Space for the controller-cashier

A chair with a lift-and-swivel mechanism is installed at the employee's workplace. The seat surface should be slightly curved and adjustable in height within 0.4-0.45 m, have a width of 0.42 m and a depth of 0.41 m. The coatings are made of a material that provides low thermal conductivity and the ability to carry out wet cleaning. For convenience when working in a sitting position, the place is equipped with a footrest. It must have a regulating mechanism for the angle of inclination and the height of the support platform. One of the main requirements for ensuring optimal working conditions for cashiers is a high level of illumination. At the same time, sources of direct and reflected brilliance are excluded from the field of view of workers. Lamps are located directly above the place of work of the employee.

Protection of controllers-cashiers from criminal encroachments


It is provided by the equipment of the premises with emergency lighting and the installation of a "panic button". In the process of transferring funds to a banking organization or during their transportation from it, the employer is obliged to provide the employee with security, and, if necessary, a car. The cashier and persons accompanying him, as well as the driver of the transport, are prohibited from:

  1. Disclose the route of movement and the amount of funds transported.
  2. Allow unauthorized persons to enter the vehicle.
  3. Carry money on public or passing transport, as well as carry it on foot.
  4. Fulfill other orders, be distracted from the delivery of cash to the destination.

Operations for wet-heat treatment of products


Workplaces of ironers are located in premises intended for receiving, maintaining and preparing goods for sale. Special surfaces are equipped with a figured removable wooden board. On both sides it is covered with cloth. On the right, at a slight inclination to the surface, a metal iron stand is installed on the table. On three sides, it should be provided with sides, the height of which is 30-40 mm. They are necessary to prevent the iron from falling. In the right corner in the upper part of the surface, a rack with a height of 800 mm is mounted. It is used to hang the cord of the iron. The ironing table must also have a device for attaching a fan, a trough to prevent products from hanging on the floor during processing. In addition, a retractable arm for hanging the iron, a hinged fan, buttons for turning it on / off, a frame for a piece of cloth is installed on the surface, with which the cleanliness of the sole of the iron is checked. The design of the desktop provides for drawers for storing accessories, tools, a cabinet for storing personal items, a shelf for special pads, brushes, etc. There must be a dielectric mat on the floor. The workplace is also equipped with a chair with a lifting and turning mechanism, a semi-soft seat for a short rest.

Storeroom


The area of ​​the workplace must be at least 6 square meters. m. To ensure normal conditions for the implementation of the professional activities of the storekeeper, insulated cabins are installed. The workplace can be fenced off with a glass partition, the height of which is 1.8 m. The workplace is equipped with a table and a swivel chair. The storekeeper must have at his disposal the tools necessary to open the container (pliers, scissors, pliers, knives, etc.). Lamps are installed above the employee's desk, where he completes the paperwork, and next to the file cabinets.

Space for picker


The workplace is equipped with appropriate inventory, mechanisms and materials depending on the categories of goods. When picking large-sized products (refrigerators, furniture, etc.), the workplace occupies the entire warehouse area. In this case, operations are carried out using autocars or cargo carts equipped with lifting devices. The activities of the picker associated with weighing are carried out using scales with a load capacity of 5-2000 kg. Studio should be installed at the workplace. The height of its seat is 400-450 mm, the depth is 410-500 mm. In addition, the workplace is equipped with local lighting.

Premises for an employee serving a freight elevator


The workplace is located on the site on the main loading floor. If the duties of the elevator operator include escorting the load, then the area of ​​\u200b\u200bhis activity extends to the cabin where objects are transported. At the workplace, a bedside table is installed for storing documentation and a first-aid kit, a telephone or other means of communication, a stool, an internal or external push-button system for controlling sound and light alarms. In the machine room of the elevator, there must be a dielectric mat and gloves, as well as a protective helmet. The key to this room is given to the elevator operator.

Janitor's area


The workplace of this employee is located directly near the area that he serves. When planning the premises, it is necessary to provide passages for cleaning machines and passages for employees. The workplace is equipped with a cabinet with compartments that house detergents, overalls, inventory.

Equipping spaces for VDT and PC users

For employees whose work is related to the use of personal electronic computers and video display terminals, desktops are equipped, the height of which is adjustable within 680-800 mm. If there is no appropriate mechanism, the surface is placed at a distance of 725 mm from the floor. The height of the legroom is not less than 600 mm, the width is not less than 500, and the depth at the level of the knees is 450 mm and the extended legs are 650 mm. This is where the stand should be installed. Its width is not less than 300, and its depth is 400 mm. The stand should be adjustable in tilt angle up to 20 degrees. and height - up to 150 mm. Along the front edge, a side is provided, the height of which is 10 mm. The stand must have a corrugated surface. In the working cross (chair) of the user of the PC and VDT, a lifting and turning mechanism is provided, the back and seat are adjustable in tilt angle and height. Changing parameters should be easy. All mechanisms are performed independently and securely fix the selected position of the elements. The surface of the backrest, seat and other parts with which the employee is in direct contact should have a semi-soft, non-electrifying, non-slip, breathable coating that can be easily cleaned from dirt. The monitor should be located from the eyes of the employee at a distance of 600-700 mm, taking into account the size of alphanumeric characters and signs.

Additionally


To prevent drafts in rooms located near doors, technological openings, gates, screens or partitions are installed. Preparation of the workplace is carried out at the end of the shift. The employee cleans mechanisms, tools, auxiliary inventory, equipment. If necessary, wet cleaning is carried out.

Conclusion

Until 2013, in accordance with the requirements of the legislation, regular certification of workplaces was carried out. It included an assessment, verification of compliance with the requirements, the quality of equipping the areas for the implementation of the professional activities of employees. Particular attention was paid to enterprises engaged in the field of catering and food trade. Special commissions were created, which first of all checked whether the sanitary requirements for the premises were met. A new procedure has now been introduced. Certification of workplaces has been replaced by an assessment of the conditions for the implementation of professional activities by employees. This procedure has been introduced since 2014. Corresponding amendments were made to the Labor Code.

Workplace organization

From the article you will learn:

The organization of the workplace at the enterprise is an integral part of the production process. To increase the efficiency of labor, the employer needs to determine in advance the circle of people who will serve him, the list of operations performed by them, the equipment and devices needed, depending on the specifics of the work performed.

Requirements legislation on the organization of the workplace


In order to identify the compliance of working conditions with current standards and legal requirements, it is necessary to regularly conduct their certification. It involves a set of measures to assess working conditions, identify hazardous production factors. It is carried out by specialized accredited organizations together with the company's management. A scheduled assessment of working conditions is carried out once every 5 years and is mandatory for the employer. Failure to comply with these rules threatens him with a fine or temporary suspension of activities.

There are a number of requirements for the organization of the workplace, provided for by the current normative documents. These include:

  • Labor Code;
  • the federal law N 426-FZ “On a special assessment of working conditions”;
  • Order of the Ministry of Labor N 33n "On approval of the Methodology for conducting a special assessment of working conditions";
  • Government Decree N 787 "On the procedure for approving the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions";
  • R 2.2.2006-05 Guidelines for the hygienic assessment of working environment factors and labor process. Criteria and classification of working conditions;
  • Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development N 302n "On approval of the lists of harmful and (or) dangerous production factors and work, during the performance of which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations are carried out";

In addition, the rules for organizing a workplace are regulated by legislative acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, international and state standards, labor agreements.

Job classification

The workplace is a limited part of the space in which labor activity takes place. It is the primary link organizational structure companies. Proper organization of workplaces in the enterprise allows you to form favorable environment positively affect the well-being of employees and their performance.

There is a classification of jobs depending on a number of factors:

Collective and individual

Manual, automated, mechanized

Number of main technological equipment

Without equipment, single-station, multi-station

Indoor, outdoor, elevated, underground

Normal, harmful, severe, monotonous

Multi-shift and single-shift

By time of use

Permanent, temporary, seasonal

Directions for organizing jobs at the enterprise

The organization of labor includes a set of measures that allow creating optimal conditions for increasing the productivity and content of labor, ensuring its safety.

There are three main areas of these activities:

  1. Equipment- acquisition of the main technological and auxiliary equipment, organizational and technological equipment.

Safe organization of the workplace: labor protection rules


Compliance with labor protection rules is a necessary condition effective work. The factors that affect the quality of work include the equipment of the site, its maintenance and layout. Any shortcoming in the organization can negatively affect the efficiency of the labor process, lead to wasted time, reducing product quality.

To reduce the risk, the following are checked for compliance with sanitary and epidemiological conditions: premises, ventilation and heating systems, lighting, equipment. The purpose of such a check is to minimize all factors that negatively affect human health. These include: high noise levels, polluted air, insufficient lighting.

Another important factor to be reckoned with is safety. For example, from the safe organization and proper maintenance of the workplace to production shop not only the health, but also the life of the worker depends. That is why labor protection is one of the most important tasks of the employer. According to the law, it must provide:

safe working conditions;

compliance with the regime of work and rest;

control and regular assessment of working conditions;

providing information and documents on the compliance of working conditions with the level specified in the legislation to supervisory and regulatory authorities;

timely familiarization of employees with the requirements of labor protection;

development of rules and instructions for labor protection in the manner prescribed by the Labor Code (Article 372);

Requirements for organizing a workplace at a computer


Regular work at the computer involves the constant influence of many harmful factors to health. Not surprisingly, professionals who spend more than 12 hours a day in front of a monitor screen eventually begin to suffer from occupational diseases. That is why the proper organization of the workplace at the computer is very important for all office workers without exception.

Before inviting an employee to take a seat at a computer desk, the employer must bring the following factors into compliance with all standards:

Microclimate

According to the requirements of SanPin 2.2.4.548-96, for work in this category, it is necessary to maintain a certain air temperature: 22-24 ° C in cold period and 20-25оС in warm. Relative Humidity in the room should be in the range of 40-60%, the air velocity should be 0.1 m / s.

Lighting

Special requirements are also imposed on the lighting of computer rooms. They must be provided with natural light with a KEO coefficient of at least 1.5%. When using artificial lighting, it is necessary to organize a uniform light with a brightness of 300-500 lux. on the surface of the table. SanPin contains requirements for the brightness of luminous surfaces, the glare of light sources, and the brilliance of the table surface. Recommended certain type luminaires and how they are placed.

Equipment

When placing computer tables it is necessary to adhere to the following scheme: the distance between the sides of the monitors should not be less than 120 cm, and between the screen and the back of the adjacent monitor - less than 200 cm. The allowable depth of the table should be at least 60 cm, and its width - at least 120 cm .

Organization of work in the workplace: the mode of work and rest

The current regulations provide for a certain mode of work on the computer with breaks, the frequency and duration of which depends on the type of work performed, its category, as well as the duration of the shift.

With an eight-hour week, these breaks are:

  1. 15 minutes 2 hours after the start of work and 2 hours after the lunch break for employees whose activities are related to reading information from the screen;

Organization of the secretary's workplace


Secretary like many office workers most spends time at the PC, i.e. it is directly related to the requirements for organizing a workplace at a computer.

However, the work of a secretary has a number of nuances that distinguish him from other employees. Most often, his work combines the functions of an administrator, personal assistant, manager, and even supply manager. That is why he should spend as little time and energy as possible on involuntary movements and extraneous stimuli. Hence the main thing workplace requirement - impeccable order and cleanliness. This, by the way, is the similarity between the organization of the workplace of the head and the secretary. Any office manager is also a leader in his segment and performs a number of administrative functions.

For maximum convenience in work, we suggest listening to the following tips for organizing an effective space:

  1. Always keep a pen and notebook handy. They will come in handy when planning the day and help get rid of the need to remember large amounts of information.

The rational organization of labor is always based on the organization of the workplace. We spend over a third of our lives at work. That is why it is worth paying attention to the space in which you work in order to feel comfortable, work efficiently and not be distracted by extraneous matters.

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