Short-term precipitation of high intensity. Types of precipitation and methods of their formation. See what "precipitation" is in other dictionaries

Precipitation - water in liquid or solid state, falling out of clouds or deposited directly from the air on the surface of the Earth. These include:

Rain. The smallest droplets of water, with a diameter of 0.05 to 0.1 mm, which make up the clouds, merging with each other, gradually increase, become heavy and fall to the ground in the form of rain. The stronger the ascending jets of air from the surface heated by the sun, the larger the falling drops should be. So in the summer when ground air warmed by the ground and rising rapidly, it usually rains in the form of large drops, and in spring and autumn - drizzling rain. If the rain falls from stratus clouds, then such rain is overcast, and if it falls from kuni-nimbo clouds, it is shower. Drizzle must be distinguished from rain. This type of precipitation usually falls from stratus clouds. Droplets are much smaller than raindrops. The speed of their fall is so slow that they seem to be suspended in the air.

Snow. It is formed when the cloud is in air with a temperature below 0°. Snow is made up of crystals of various shapes. Most of the snow falls on the slopes of Rainier (state,) - an average of 14.6 m annually. This is enough to fill a 6-story house.

hail. It occurs with strong ascending air currents in the warm season. Droplets of water, falling to a great height with air currents, freeze, and ice crystals begin to grow on them in layers. The drops become heavier and begin to fall down. When falling, they increase in size from merging with drops of supercooled water. Sometimes the hail reaches the size chicken egg, usually with different layers in density. As a rule, hail falls from powerful cumulonimbus clouds during or during a downpour. The frequency of hail is different: it happens 10-15 times a year, on land, where there are much more powerful updrafts - 80-160 times a year. Hail falls less frequently over the oceans. Hail brings great material damage: it destroys crops, vineyards, and if hailstones are different large size, then it can cause the destruction of houses, the death of people. Methods for determining hail clouds have been developed in our country and hail control services have been established. Dangerous clouds are "shot" with special chemicals.

Rain, snow, hail are called hydrometeorites. In addition to them, precipitation includes those that are deposited directly from the air. These include dew, fog, frost, etc.

Dew(lat. ros - moisture, liquid) - atmospheric precipitation in the form of water droplets deposited on the surface of the earth and ground objects when the air cools. In this case, the water vapor, cooling, changes from a state to a liquid and settles. Most often, dew occurs at night, in the evening or early in the morning.

Fog(Turk, darkness) is an accumulation of small water drops or ice crystals in the lower part of the troposphere, usually near the surface of the earth. sometimes reduce visibility to a few meters. There are advective fogs (due to the cooling of warm moist air over a colder surface of land or water) and radiation fogs (formed as a result of cooling earth's surface). In a number of regions of the Earth, fogs often occur on the coasts in places where cold currents pass. For example, Atacama is located on the coast. Cold weather passes along the coast. Its cold deep waters contribute to the formation of fogs, from which drizzle settles on the coast - the only source of moisture in the Atacama Desert.

Precipitation- water in a liquid or solid state, falling out of clouds or deposited from the air on the earth's surface.

Rain

Under certain conditions, cloud drops begin to merge into larger and heavier ones. They can no longer be retained in the atmosphere and fall to the ground in the form rain.

hail

It happens that in summer the air rises quickly, picks up rain clouds and carries them to a height where the temperature is below 0 °. Raindrops freeze and fall out as hail(Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Origin of hail

Snow

AT winter time in temperate and high latitudes, precipitation falls in the form of snow. Clouds at this time do not consist of water droplets, but of the smallest crystals - needles, which, when combined together, form snowflakes.

dew and frost

Precipitation that falls on the earth's surface not only from clouds, but also directly from the air, is dew and frost.

The amount of precipitation is measured by a rain gauge or rain gauge (Fig. 2).

Rice. 2. The structure of the rain gauge: 1 - outer case; 2 - funnel; 3 - a container for collecting oxen; 4 - measuring tank

Classification and types of precipitation

Precipitation is distinguished by the nature of precipitation, by origin, by physical condition, fall seasons, etc. (Fig. 3).

According to the nature of the precipitation, there are torrential, continuous and drizzling. Rainfall - intense, short, capture a small area. Overhead precipitation - medium intensity, uniform, long (can last for days, capturing large areas). Drizzling precipitation - fine-drop precipitation falling over a small area.

By origin, precipitation is distinguished:

• convective - characteristic of the hot zone, where heating and evaporation are intense, but often occur in the temperate zone;
• frontal - formed when two air masses meet different temperatures and fall out of more warm air. Characteristic for temperate and cold zones;
• orographic - fall on the windward slopes of mountains. They are very plentiful if the air comes from the side warm sea and has high absolute and relative humidity.

Rice. 3. Types of precipitation

Comparing to climate map annual amount precipitation on the Amazonian lowland and in the Sahara desert, one can be convinced of their uneven distribution (Fig. 4). What explains this?

Precipitation brings wet air masses forming over the ocean. This is clearly seen in the example of territories with monsoon climate. The summer monsoon brings a lot of moisture from the ocean. And they go over land continuous rains like on the Pacific coast of Eurasia.

Constant winds also play a large role in the distribution of precipitation. Thus, the trade winds blowing from the continent bring dry air to northern Africa, where the largest desert in the world, the Sahara, is located. westerly winds bring rain to Europe from the Atlantic Ocean.

Rice. 4. Average annual distribution of precipitation on the Earth's land

As you already know, sea ​​currents affect precipitation in the coastal parts of the continents: warm currents contribute to their appearance (the Mozambique Current off the eastern coast of Africa, the Gulf Stream off the coast of Europe), cold ones, on the contrary, prevent precipitation ( Peruvian Current at western coasts South America).

The relief also affects the distribution of precipitation, for example, the Himalayan mountains do not allow moist winds blowing north from indian ocean. Therefore, up to 20,000 mm of precipitation sometimes falls a year on their southern slopes. Humid air masses, rising along the slopes of the mountains (ascending air currents), cool, saturate, and precipitation falls from them. The area to the north Himalayan mountains resembles a desert: only 200 mm of precipitation falls there per year.

There is a relationship between belts and rainfall. At the equator - in the low pressure belt - constantly heated air; as it rises, it cools and becomes saturated. Therefore, in the region of the equator, a lot of clouds form and there are heavy rains. There is also a lot of precipitation in other areas the globe where low pressure prevails. Wherein great importance air temperature has: the lower it is, the less precipitation falls.

In belts high pressure descending air currents predominate. The air, descending, heats up and loses the properties of the state of saturation. Therefore, at latitudes of 25-30 °, precipitation is rare and in small quantities. High-pressure areas near the poles also receive little precipitation.

Absolute maximum precipitation registered on about. Hawaii ( Pacific Ocean) - 11,684 mm/year and in Cherrapunji (India) - 11,600 mm/year. Absolute minimum - in the Atacama Desert and the Libyan Desert - less than 50 mm / year; sometimes precipitation does not fall at all for years.

The moisture content of an area is moisture factor- the ratio of annual precipitation and evaporation for the same period. The moisture coefficient is denoted by the letter K, the annual rainfall is denoted by the letter O, and the evaporation rate is denoted by I; then K = O: I.

The lower the humidity coefficient, the drier the climate. If the annual precipitation is approximately equal to evaporation, then the moisture coefficient is close to unity. In this case, moisture is considered sufficient. If the moisture index is greater than one, then the moisture excess, less than one -insufficient. If the moisture coefficient is less than 0.3, moisture is considered meager. Zones with sufficient moisture include forest-steppes and steppes, while zones with insufficient moisture include deserts.

Precipitation

Long-term, average monthly, seasonal, annual precipitation, their distribution over the earth's surface, annual and daily course, frequency, intensity are the defining characteristics of the climate, which are essential for Agriculture and many other branches of the national economy.

Precipitation classification

Precipitation falling on the earth's surface

Heavy rainfall

They are characterized by monotony of precipitation without significant fluctuations in intensity. Start and stop gradually. The duration of continuous precipitation is usually several hours (and sometimes 1-2 days), but in some cases, light precipitation can last half an hour or an hour. They usually fall out of nimbostratus or altostratus clouds; at the same time, in most cases, the cloudiness is continuous (10 points) and only occasionally significant (7-9 points, usually at the beginning or end of the precipitation period). Sometimes weak short-term (half an hour-hour) precipitation is observed from stratus, stratocumulus, altocumulus clouds, while the number of clouds is 7-10 points. In frosty weather (air temperature below -10 ... -15 °), light snow can fall from a cloudy sky.

Rain- liquid precipitation in the form of droplets with a diameter of 0.5 to 5 mm. Separate raindrops leave a trace in the form of a diverging circle on the surface of the water, and in the form of a wet spot on the surface of dry objects.

supercooled rain- liquid precipitation in the form of drops with a diameter of 0.5 to 5 mm, falling at negative air temperatures (most often 0 ... -10 °, sometimes up to -15 °) - falling on objects, the drops freeze and ice forms.

freezing rain- solid precipitation falling at negative air temperature (most often 0 ... -10 °, sometimes up to -15 °) in the form of solid transparent ice balls with a diameter of 1-3 mm. There is unfrozen water inside the balls - falling on objects, the balls break into shells, water flows out and ice forms.

Snow- solid precipitation falling out (most often at negative air temperature) in the form snow crystals(snowflakes) or flakes. With light snow, horizontal visibility (if there are no other phenomena - haze, fog, etc.) is 4-10 km, with moderate 1-3 km, with heavy snow - less than 1000 m (at the same time, snowfall intensifies gradually, so that visibility values ​​of 1-2 km or less are observed no earlier than an hour after the start of snowfall). In frosty weather (air temperature below -10 ... -15 °), light snow can fall from a cloudy sky. Separately, the phenomenon of wet snow is noted - mixed precipitation that falls at a positive air temperature in the form of flakes of melting snow.

Rain with snow- mixed precipitation falling (most often at positive air temperature) in the form of a mixture of drops and snowflakes. If rain with snow falls at a negative air temperature, particles of precipitation freeze on objects and ice forms.

Drizzling precipitation

They are characterized by low intensity, monotony of precipitation without a change in intensity; start and stop gradually. The duration of continuous precipitation is usually several hours (and sometimes 1-2 days). Fall out of stratus clouds or fog; at the same time, in most cases, the cloudiness is continuous (10 points) and only occasionally significant (7-9 points, usually at the beginning or end of the precipitation period). Often accompanied by a deterioration in visibility (haze, fog).

drizzle- liquid precipitation in the form of very small drops (less than 0.5 mm in diameter), as if floating in the air. A dry surface gets wet slowly and evenly. Settling on the surface of the water does not form diverging circles on it.

supercooled drizzle- liquid precipitation in the form of very small drops (less than 0.5 mm in diameter), as if floating in the air, falling out at negative air temperature (most often 0 ... -10 °, sometimes up to -15 °) - settling on objects, drops freeze and ice forms.

snow grains- solid precipitation in the form of small opaque white particles (sticks, grains, grains) with a diameter of less than 2 mm, falling out at negative air temperatures.

heavy rainfall

Characterized by the suddenness of the beginning and end of the fallout, abrupt change intensity. The duration of continuous fallout is usually from several minutes to 1-2 hours (sometimes several hours, in the tropics - up to 1-2 days). Often accompanied by a thunderstorm and a short-term increase in wind (squall). They fall out of cumulonimbus clouds, while the amount of clouds can be both significant (7-10 points) and small (4-6 points, and in some cases even 2-3 points). The main sign of rain showers is not their high intensity (rain showers can be weak), but the very fact of falling out of convective (most often cumulonimbus) clouds, which determines the fluctuations in precipitation intensity. In hot weather, light showers can fall from powerful cumulus, and sometimes (very light showers) even from medium cumulus.

torrential rain- torrential rain.

shower snow- heavy snow. It is characterized by sharp fluctuations in horizontal visibility from 6-10 km to 2-4 km (and sometimes up to 500-1000 m, in some cases even 100-200 m) over a period of time from several minutes to half an hour (snow "charges").

Heavy rain with snow- Mixed precipitation of a shower character, falling out (most often at positive air temperature) in the form of a mixture of drops and snowflakes. If heavy rain with snow falls at a negative air temperature, particles of precipitation freeze on objects and ice forms.

snow grits- solid precipitation of a shower character, falling out at an air temperature of about zero ° and having the form of opaque white grains with a diameter of 2-5 mm; grains are fragile, easily crushed by fingers. It often falls before or at the same time as heavy snow.

ice grits- solid precipitation of a shower character, falling out at an air temperature of -5 to +10 ° in the form of transparent (or translucent) ice grains with a diameter of 1-3 mm; in the center of the grains is an opaque core. The grains are quite hard (they are crushed with fingers with some effort), and when they fall on a hard surface, they bounce off. In some cases, the grains can be covered with a water film (or fall out together with water droplets), and if the air temperature is below zero °, then falling on objects, the grains freeze and ice forms.

hail- solid precipitation falling in warm time year (at air temperature above +10°) in the form of pieces of ice various shapes and size: usually the diameter of hailstones is 2-5 mm, but in some cases individual hailstones reach the size of a pigeon and even a chicken egg (then hail causes significant damage to vegetation, car surfaces, breaks window panes, etc.). The duration of the hail is usually small - from 1-2 to 10-20 minutes. In most cases, hail is accompanied by heavy rain and thunderstorms.

Unclassified precipitation

ice needles- solid precipitation in the form of tiny ice crystals floating in the air, formed in frosty weather (air temperature below -10 ... -15 °). During the day they sparkle in the light of the rays of the sun, at night - in the rays of the moon or in the light of lanterns. Quite often, ice needles form beautiful luminous "pillars" at night, going from the lanterns up into the sky. They are observed most often in clear or slightly cloudy skies, sometimes they fall out of cirrostratus or cirrus clouds.

Isolation- precipitation in the form of rare and large (up to 3 cm) water bubbles. A rare occurrence that occurs during light thunderstorms.

Precipitation formed on the surface of the earth and on objects

Dew- water droplets formed on the surface of the earth, plants, objects, roofs of buildings and cars as a result of the condensation of water vapor contained in the air at positive air and soil temperatures, cloudy skies and light winds. Most often observed at night and early morning hours, may be accompanied by haze or fog. Abundant dew can cause measurable precipitation (up to 0.5 mm per night), runoff of water from roofs to the ground.

Frost- a white crystalline precipitate that forms on the surface of the earth, grass, objects, roofs of buildings and cars, snow cover as a result of desublimation of water vapor contained in the air at negative soil temperatures, cloudy skies and light winds. It is observed in the evening, night and morning hours, may be accompanied by haze or fog. In fact, this is an analogue of dew, formed at a negative temperature. On branches of trees, wires, frost is deposited weakly (unlike frost) - on the wire of an icing machine (diameter 5 mm), the thickness of frost deposition does not exceed 3 mm.

Crystal frost- a white crystalline precipitate, consisting of small fine-structured shiny particles of ice, formed as a result of desublimation of water vapor contained in the air on tree branches and wires in the form of fluffy garlands (easily crumbling when shaken). It is observed in slightly cloudy (clear, or clouds of the upper and middle tiers, or broken-stratified) frosty weather (air temperature is below -10 ... -15 °), with haze or fog (and sometimes without them) with light wind or calm. Hoarfrost is deposited, as a rule, within a few hours at night, during the day it gradually crumbles under the influence of sun rays, however, in cloudy weather and in the shade it can persist throughout the day. On the surface of objects, roofs of buildings and cars, frost is deposited very weakly (unlike hoarfrost). However, frost is often accompanied by frost.

grainy frost- white loose snow-like sediment formed as a result of the settling of small droplets of supercooled fog on tree branches and wires in cloudy foggy weather (at any time of the day) at air temperatures from zero to −10 ° and moderate or strong wind. When the fog droplets become larger, it can turn into ice, and when the air temperature drops, combined with a weakening of the wind and a decrease in the amount of cloudiness at night, it can turn into crystalline frost. The growth of granular frost lasts as long as the fog and wind last (usually several hours, and sometimes several days). Preservation of the deposited granular hoarfrost can last several days.

ice- a layer of dense vitreous ice (smooth or slightly bumpy) formed on plants, wires, objects, the earth's surface as a result of freezing of precipitation particles (supercooled drizzle, supercooled rain, freezing rain, ice pellets, sometimes rain with snow) in contact with the surface, having a negative temperature. It is observed at air temperatures most often from zero to −10° (sometimes up to −15°), and during a sharp warming (when the earth and objects still maintain a negative temperature) - at an air temperature of 0 ... + 3°. It greatly complicates the movement of people, animals, vehicles, can lead to wire breaks and breaking of tree branches (and sometimes to a massive fall of trees and power line masts). The growth of ice continues as long as supercooled precipitation lasts (usually several hours, and sometimes with drizzle and fog - several days). Preservation of the deposited ice can last several days.

black ice- a layer of hilly ice or icy snow, formed on the surface of the earth due to freezing of melt water, when, after a thaw, the temperature of air and soil decreases (transition to negative values temperature). Unlike ice, ice is observed only on the earth's surface, most often on roads, sidewalks and paths. The preservation of the formed ice can last for many days in a row until it is covered on top with freshly fallen ice. snow cover or does not melt completely as a result of an intensive increase in air and soil temperatures.

Links

• // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: In 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.

First of all, let's define the very concept of "atmospheric precipitation". In the Meteorological Dictionary, this term is interpreted as follows: “Precipitation is water in a liquid or solid state that falls from clouds or is deposited from the air on the surface of the earth and on objects.”

According to the above definition, precipitation can be divided into two groups: precipitation released directly from the air - dew, hoarfrost, frost, ice, and precipitation falling from clouds - rain, drizzle, snow, snow pellets, hail.

Each type of precipitation has its own characteristics.

Dew represents the smallest droplets of water deposited on the surface of the earth and on ground objects (grass, leaves of trees, roofs, etc.). Dew forms at night or in the evening on clear, calm weather.

Frost appears on surfaces cooled below 0 °C. It is a thin layer of crystalline ice, the particles of which are shaped like snowflakes.

frost- this is the deposition of ice on thin and long objects (tree branches, wires), formed at any time of the day, usually in cloudy, foggy weather at low temperatures (below - 15 ° C). Hoarfrost is crystalline and granular. On vertical objects, frost is deposited mainly on the windward side.

Among the precipitation released on the earth's surface, of particular importance is ice. It is a layer of dense transparent or cloudy ice, growing on any objects (including trunks and branches of trees, shrubs) and on the surface of the earth. It is formed at an air temperature of 0 to -3°C due to the freezing of drops of supercooled rain, drizzle or fog. The crust of frozen ice can reach a thickness of several centimeters and cause branches to break off.

Precipitation falling from the clouds is divided into drizzling, overflowing and torrential.

Drizzling precipitation (drizzle) composed of very fine water droplets less than 0.5 mm in diameter. They are of low intensity. These precipitations usually fall from stratus and stratocumulus clouds. The droplets fall so slowly that they seem to be suspended in the air.

Heavy rainfall- it is rain, consisting of small water droplets, or snowfall from snowflakes with a diameter of 1-2 mm. These are long-term precipitation falling from dense altostratus and nimbostratus clouds. They can last for several hours or even days, capturing vast territories.

heavy rainfall has great intensity. These are large-drop and uneven precipitation, falling both in liquid and solid form (snow, groats, hail, sleet). The downpour can last from several minutes to several hours. The area covered by a shower is usually small.

hail, which is always observed during a thunderstorm, usually together with heavy rain, is formed in cumulonimbus (thunderstorm) clouds of vertical development. It usually falls in spring and summer in a narrow band and most often between 12 and 17 hours. The duration of the hail fall is calculated in minutes. Within 5-10 minutes, the ground can be covered with a layer of hailstones several centimeters thick. With intense hail, plants can be damaged to varying degrees or even destroyed.

Precipitation is measured by the thickness of the water layer in millimeters. If 10 mm of precipitation fell, then this means that the layer of water that fell on the surface of the earth is 10 mm. And what does 10 mm of precipitation mean for a plot of 600 m 2? It's easy to calculate. Let's start the calculation for an area equal to 1 m 2. For her, this amount of precipitation will be 10,000 cm 3, i.e. 10 liters of water. And this is a whole bucket. This means that for an area equal to 100 m 2, the amount of precipitation will already be equal to 100 buckets, but for an area of ​​six acres - 600 buckets, or six tons of water. That's what 10 mm of precipitation is for a typical garden plot.

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Rain, snow or hail - we have been familiar with all these concepts since childhood. To each of them we special treatment. So, rain evokes sadness and dull thoughts, snow, on the contrary, amuses and cheers up. But hail, for example, few people love, as it can cause enormous damage to agriculture and serious injuries to those who find themselves on the street at this time.

We have long since learned how to outward signs determine the approach of certain precipitation. So, if in the morning it is very gray and cloudy outside, precipitation in the form of prolonged rain is possible. Usually such rain is not very heavy, but can last all day. If thick and heavy clouds appeared on the horizon, precipitation in the form of snow is possible. Light clouds in the form of feathers portend heavy rain showers.

It should be noted that all types of precipitation are the result of very complex and very long processes in earth's atmosphere. So, in order to form ordinary rain, the interaction of three components is necessary: ​​the sun, the surface of the Earth and the atmosphere.

Precipitation is...

Precipitation is water in liquid or solid state that falls out of the atmosphere. Precipitation can either fall on the surface of the Earth directly or settle on it or on any other objects.

The amount of precipitation in a particular area can be measured. They are measured by the thickness of the water layer in millimeters. In this case, solid types of precipitation are pre-melted. The average amount of precipitation per year on the planet is 1000 mm. In no more than 200-300 mm falls, and the driest place on the planet is where the recorded annual precipitation is about 3 mm.

Education process

How they are formed different kinds precipitation? The scheme of their formation is one, and it is based on continuous Let us consider this process in more detail.

It all starts with the fact that the Sun begins to warm up. Under the influence of heating, the water masses that are contained in the oceans, seas, rivers, are converted into mixing with air. Vaporization processes occur throughout the day, constantly, to a greater or lesser extent. The volume of vaporization depends on the latitude of the area, as well as on the intensity of solar radiation.

Further, moist air heats up and begins, according to the immutable laws of physics, to rise up. Having risen to a certain height, it cools, and the moisture in it gradually turns into drops of water or ice crystals. This process is called condensation, and it is these water particles that make up the clouds that we admire in the sky.

Drops in the clouds grow and become larger, taking in everything large quantity moisture. As a result, they become so heavy that they can no longer be held in the atmosphere, and fall down. This is how atmospheric precipitation is born, the types of which depend on specific weather conditions in a particular area.

The water that falls on the surface of the Earth eventually flows in streams into rivers and seas. Then the natural cycle repeats over and over again.

Atmospheric precipitation: types of precipitation

As already mentioned here, there are a huge number of varieties of precipitation. Meteorologists distinguish several dozen.

All types of precipitation can be divided into three main groups:

• drizzling;
• overlay;
• storm.

Precipitation can also be liquid (rain, drizzle, fog) or solid (snow, hail, frost).

Rain

This is a type of liquid precipitation in the form of water droplets that fall to the ground under the influence of gravity. The size of the droplets can be different: from 0.5 to 5 millimeters in diameter. Raindrops, falling on the water surface, leave diverging circles of perfectly round shape on the water.

Depending on the intensity, the rain can be drizzling, patchy or torrential. There is also a type of precipitation such as rain with snow.

it special kind atmospheric precipitation, which occur at sub-zero air temperatures. They should not be confused with hail. freezing rain It is a droplet in the form of small frozen balls, inside of which there is water. Falling to the ground, such balls break, and water flows out of them, leading to the formation of dangerous ice.

If the intensity of the rain is too high (about 100 mm per hour), then it is called a downpour. Showers form on cold atmospheric fronts, within unstable air masses. As a rule, they are observed in very small areas.

Snow

These solid precipitation fall out at sub-zero air temperatures and look like snow crystals, colloquially referred to as snowflakes.

During snow, visibility is significantly reduced, with heavy snowfall it can be less than 1 kilometer. During severe frosts light snow can be observed even with a cloudless sky. Separately, such a type of snow as sleet stands out - this is precipitation that falls at low positive temperatures.

hail

This type of solid atmospheric precipitation is formed on high altitudes(at least 5 kilometers), where the air temperature is always lower - 15 o.

How is hail produced? It is formed from drops of water that either fall or rise sharply in eddies of cold air. Thus, large ice balls are formed. Their size depends on how long these processes took place in the atmosphere. There were cases when hailstones weighing up to 1-2 kilograms fell on the ground!

Gradina in its own way internal structure very similar to an onion: it consists of several layers of ice. You can even count them, like you count the rings on a cut tree, and determine how many times the droplets have made rapid vertical journeys through the atmosphere.

It is worth noting that hail is a real disaster for agriculture, because it can easily destroy all the plants on the plantation. In addition, it is almost impossible to determine the approach of hail in advance. It starts instantly and happens, as a rule, in the summer season of the year.

Now you know how precipitation is formed. The types of precipitation can be very different, which makes our nature beautiful and unique. All the processes taking place in it are simple, and at the same time ingenious.