Test the general characteristics of the planets. Test on astronomy "planets of the solar system". terrestrial planets

Related quiz: solar system. (astronomy)
1 option 2 option
1. The laws of planetary motion discovered:
A) Ptolemy.
B) Copernicus.
B) Kepler.
D) Bruno. 1. The reference system associated with the Sun, proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus, is called:
A) geocentric;
B) heliocentric;
B) centric; D) Copernic.
2. All planets have satellites, except ...
A) Mercury B) Venus C) Earth D) Mars
E) Jupiter F) Saturn G) Uranus C) Neptune 2. Most high point celestial sphere called...
A) north point. B) zenith.
B) nadir D) the point of the east.
3. The diameter of the Sun is greater than the diameter of the Earth cA) 109 times B) 218 ​​times C) 312 times 3. The age of the Sun: A) 2 billion years
B) 5 billion years C) 500 million years
4. Annual parallax is used for:
A) determining the distance to the nearest stars;
B) determining the distance to the planets;
C) distances passing by the Earth in a year;
D) proof of the finiteness of the speed of light; 4. The line of intersection of the plane of the celestial horizon and the meridian is called ...
A) noon line.
B) true horizon.
B) right ascension.
5. Watching the starry sky at night for an hour, you notice that the stars move across the sky. This happens because: A) the Earth moves around the Sun B) the Sun moves along the ecliptic
C) the earth rotates on its axis
D) stars move around the Earth 5. Find the location of the giant planets in order of distance from the Sun:
A) Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, Neptune
B) Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus
B) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
D) there is no correct answer
6. The cube of the semi-major axis of the body's orbit, divided by the square of the period of its revolutions and the sum of the masses of the bodies, is a constant value. What is Kepler's law? A) Kepler's first law; B) Kepler's second law;
C) Kepler's third law; D) Kepler's fourth law. 6. What is the value of the astronomical unit?
A) 160 million km. B) 149.6 million km.
C) 135 million km. D) 143.6 million km.
7. The distance from the Earth to the Sun is called:
A) light year B) parsec C) astronomical unit D) annual parallax 7. In what orbits do the planets move?
A) circular B) hyperbolic
C) elliptical D) parabolic
8. What are the main reasons for the change of seasons:
A) a change in the distance to the Sun due to the movement of the Earth in an elliptical orbit;
B) the inclination of the earth's axis to the plane of the earth's orbit;
C) the rotation of the Earth around its axis;
D) temperature differences 8. The phenomenon of ebbs and flows is explained by:
A) slow axial rotation of the moon
B) the attraction of the moon and large sizes Earth
B) large temperature differences on the moon
D) the movement of the moon around the earth
D) lunar eclipse
9. The ratio of the cubes of the semi-major axes of the planets is 64. What is the ratio of their periods of revolution around the Sun?
A) 8 B) 4 C) 16 D) 2 9. The ratio of the cubes of the semi-axes of the orbits of two planets is 16. Therefore, the period of revolution of one planet more period other appeals:
A) 8 times B) 2 times C) 4 times D) 16 times
10. When is the Earth closest to the Sun due to its annual orbit?
A) in summer B) at perihelion C) in winter D) at aphelion 10. Below are the bodies that make up the solar system. Choose an exception.
A) the sun B) major planets and their satellites C) asteroids D) comets E) meteors D) meteorites
11. The terrestrial planets include:
A) Venus B) Jupiter; C) Saturn; D) Neptune. 11. Small bodies of the solar system include:
A) stars B) comets C) asteroids D) planets
12. The third refined law of I. Kepler is used mainly to determine the stars:
A) distance B) period C) mass D) radius 12. How long does it take light from the Sun to reach the Earth?
A) comes instantly B) Approximately 8 min.
C) 1 light year D) about a day
13. The period of time between two new moons is called: A) synodic month
B) sidereal month
C) a full lunar month
D) calendar month 13. Each planet moves in such a way that the radius - vector of the planet for equal periods of time describes equal areas. What is Kepler's law? A) Kepler's first law; B) Kepler's second law;
C) Kepler's third law; D) Kepler's fourth law.
14. It is known that the orbit of any planet is an ellipse, in one of the focuses of which is the Sun. The point in the orbit closest to the Sun is called:
A) apogee B) perigee C) apogee D) perihelion 14. Relative to the Sun, the planets are located as follows:
A) Venus, Earth, Mars, Mercury, Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Uranus, Jupiter. B) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus.
C) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto.
No. I II
1 V A
2 AB B
3 A B
4 A A
5 V V
6 V B
7 V V8 B B
9 A B
10 B D
11 A BV
12 V B
13 A B

MINISTRY OF GENERAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

SVERDLOVSK REGION

STATE AUTONOMOUS PROFESSIONAL

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE SVERDLOVSK REGION

"PERVOURAL POLYTECHNICUM

TEST

BY SECTION

"NATURE OF THE BODIES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM",

"SUN AND STARS" AND "STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF THE UNIVERSE".

TO THE WORK PROGRAM

EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

OUD.09 ASTRONOMY

Explanatory note.

The control work was developed in accordance with work program on academic discipline"Astronomy".

Type of control: thematic.

Form of control: level control.

Purpose of control: checking the compliance of the level of activity of students with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard.

Task form: learning task.

Number of options: 8

Number of tasks in the option: 3

Task characteristics:

*The formation of emotional and psychological competencies of students is monitored by behavior during the performance of control work and does not affect the student's assessment.

Evaluation matrix:

Task text.

Option 1

Describe the astronomical event: new star.

Describe an astronomical object: a dwarf planet.

Determine the distance to the star Altair if its parallax is 0.2”.

Option 2

Describe the astronomical event: solar Activity.

Describe an astronomical object: a galaxy.

Determine the sum of the masses of a binary star if the period of revolution of its components is 50 years, and the semi-major axis of the orbit is 20 AU.

Option 3

Describe an astronomical event: a meteor shower.

Describe an astronomical object: a star.

Determine the radial velocity of a star if the red line of hydrogen in its spectrum is
turned out to be shifted to the violet end of the spectrum by .

Option 4

Give a description of a physical phenomenon: the Doppler effect.

Describe an astronomical object: a planet.

Determine how many times a star with a luminosity of 10Land a surface temperature of 8400 K, more than the Sun.

Option 5

Describe an astronomical event: a supernova.

Describe an astronomical object: an asteroid.

Determine the tangential velocity of the star if its own motion is0,1 ” per year, and the distance to the star is 20 pc.

Option 6

Give a description of the physical phenomenon: relic radiation.

Describe an astronomical object: a meteoroid.

Determine the orbital period of a binary star if the total mass of its components is 10 M, and the semi-major axis of the orbit is 5 AU.

Option 7

Give a description of the astronomical event: fireball.

Give a description of an astronomical object: a star cluster.

Determine the parallax of a star if the distance to it is 25 pc.

Option 8

Give a description of the physical phenomenon: variable stars.

Give a description of an astronomical object: a comet.

Determine the space velocity of a star if its radial velocity is 25 km/s and its tangential velocity is 10 km/s.

Plans for the characteristics of educational elements.

Task number 1

Characterization plan of an astronomical event.

Definition;

conditions of attack;

Observation example.

Physical law characterization plan.

Definition;

flow conditions;

Examples of manifestation (application).

Task number 2

Characterization plan of an astronomical object.

Definition;

Main characteristics;

Origin;

Existence example.

Algorithm for solving a learning problem.

(Task number 3).

A brief record of the condition;

Selection of formulas (laws, equations) necessary for solving;

Performing mathematical transformations and calculations;

Assessment of the reliability of the result.

Evaluation of the control work in sections " Practical Basics astronomy" and "The structure of the solar system".

Independent work on the topic "Small bodies of the solar system"

Option 1

Part 1

Asteroids are

a) the smallest solid particles;

b) fairly large bodies of irregular shape, revolving around the Sun, between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

c) large bodies of regular shape revolving around the Sun;

d) the smallest bodies of irregular shape that revolve around the sun.

2. The largest meteorite found weighed about:

a) 30t; b) 100t; c) 60t; d) 20t.

3. Fallen to Earth space bodies called:

a) minor planets b) comets; c) meteors; d) meteorites.

4. The tail of a comet consists of:

a) from ice and fine dust; b) from gas and fine dust;

c) from large solid particles and ice; d) from large solid particles, ice and gases.

Part 2

Asteroids are large stars.

Most asteroids move between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter.

Comets are made up of a nucleus, a shell of gas, and a tail.

The tail of a comet only appears as it moves away from Earth.

Meteorites are cosmic bodies that have fallen to Earth.

Translated from Greek meteorites are "floating in water".

Comets move in elongated orbits, constantly moving away from the Sun.

By their composition, meteorites can be both stone and iron.

Option 2

Part 1

"Soaring in the air" is called:

a) minor planets b) comets; c) meteors; d) meteorites.

2. Cosmic particles become hot and flare as a result of friction against the atmosphere at a height:

a) 110-130 km; b) 80-100 km; c) 50-70 km; d) 20-40 km.

3. Star-like is called:

a) asteroids; b) comets; c) meteors; d) meteorites.

a) Vesta b) Halley; c) Donati; d) Rent-Roland.

Part 2

Read the statements and decide which ones are true. Write down the numbers of the correct statements.

An asteroid is a minor planet.

A comet is a light phenomenon that occurs when a celestial body enters the Earth's atmosphere.

The nucleus of a comet is gaseous.

A meteor is a light phenomenon that occurs when particles of cosmic dust burn up in the Earth's atmosphere.

The fall of large meteorites on the Earth's surface is a rather frequent phenomenon.

Comets get their name from Greek word"cometes", which means "hairy".

Comets are not visible to the naked eye.

In addition to cosmic dust, larger bodies, fragments of asteroids, also move in interplanetary space.