Drawing on the theme of the Amur tiger. Amur (Ussuri) tiger photo. Amur tigers in Russia

Amur tiger is the largest predator in the cat family. At the moment it is on the verge of extinction, and therefore is listed in the Red Book. The mammal is graceful and very beautiful. The weight of an adult individual can reach up to 300 kg, with a body length of up to 2.9 meters. The Amur tiger lives in Russian Far East. Lives in the Ussuri taiga. The animal has incredible strength. There are cases when a tiger dragged a large horse killed by him along the ground, up to half a kilometer. Among cats, he has no equal. The color of the Ussuri tiger is also impressive. He has a very beautiful and thick coat of orange color. At the same time, the belly of the tiger is always white. The beast is very fast and agile. He has a lightning-fast reaction, excellent jumping and can run at a speed of 80 km/h.

The animal is perfectly adapted to existence in extremely low temperatures. It is protected from hypothermia by a thick layer of subcutaneous fat. The animal has sharp color vision and is able to distinguish objects in complete darkness.

The Ussuri tiger is a peculiar calling card Primorsky region. His image is present even on his coat of arms. The tiger habitat is protected. It includes the territories of the Amur and Ussuri rivers located in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories. AT recent times The Amur tiger can be found in some areas of China, which indicates an increase in its population.

The Amur tiger is the ruler of a vast territory (male up to 800 square kilometers, female - up to 500 square kilometers). As a rule, the animal does not leave its possessions. This only happens when food is scarce. In this case, the tiger can approach human habitation and attack domestic animals. He hunts at night. Males prefer to live in complete solitude. Females live in small groups. Tigers communicate with sounds. Being in a good mood, they rub their bodies against each other, touch their heads.

The tiger spends on hunting a large number of strength and energy. This is due to the fact that out of ten attempts to catch prey, only one is successful. The beast tracks down the victim and tries to get as close as possible to it, while remaining invisible. This is followed by a lightning throw and an attempt to grab the victim by the throat. If unsuccessful, the tiger does not pursue the animal, but prefers to look for a new prey. He drags his prey to the reservoir, where he eats. The rest hides in a secluded place that guards.

The tiger feeds on large artiodactyls, which include spotted deer and red deer. Can hunt small animals, frogs, birds, mice. Sometimes he eats fruit. He eats up to 10 kg of meat per day. Does not attack a person. Lives for about 15 years.

The mating period is not tied to a specific season. This may happen at any time. Pregnancy in a female Amur tiger lasts 3.5 months, after which two to five cubs are born, weighing up to 1 kg. They are blind and helpless. They begin to see only after two weeks. Up to two months they eat only mother's milk, and only then they begin to eat meat little by little. They switch completely to a meat diet at the age of six months. The mother feeds her offspring for two years. After that, the cubs become independent and begin to live separately. The male takes no part at all in the upbringing and feeding of tiger cubs.

The Ussuri tiger has no enemies. Can only compete with him Brown bear. But such fights are very rare.

I bring to your attention a gallery of photos "Amur (Ussuri) tiger photo".

Beautiful photos from the life of tigers and not much information about this beautiful animal.

Let's start with its name. Amur tiger, Ussurian tiger, Far Eastern tiger - these are all the names of one animal. And in order not to confuse readers, I will (in this article) call the tiger both Amur and Ussuri.

The Tungus call the tiger "taskh" or "amba". Amba means great, huge, big. Amba in Primorye is also called an evil spirit.

The Amur or Ussuri tiger lives in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories on the banks of the Amur and Ussuri. The main animal population is in Russia. China is home to no more than 10% of total tigers.

Since the Ussuri (Amur) tiger “lives” in such harsh (for tigers living in the tropics) conditions, its coat is thicker and longer, and the colors are not so bright. And besides, this is the only species of tiger that does not have a layer of fat. And this layer can be up to 5 centimeters thick. Pay attention to the ears. They are not big at all. And this is also because of the winter frosts.

The Amur (Ussuri) tiger is a very large predator. Long body (up to 3.8 m including the tail), high withers (up to 115 centimeters) and solid weight (up to 300 kg). And no wonder that such a predator is the real master of the taiga. The female controls the territory up to 500 square kilometers, and the male - up to 800. The tiger leaves his territory only in one case - there is not enough food in the controlled territory.

The tiger hunts mainly at night. And this is not surprising - the tiger, like all cats, sees perfectly at night. It must be said that even being such a formidable hunter, the tiger has to work very hard in order to "dine." adult requires about 7-10 kilograms of meat per day.

It is reliably known that the Amur (Ussuri) tiger never (almost never) attacks again. If the dinner managed to escape, then the tiger goes in search of a new victim, and does not pursue the "old" one.

The tiger very rarely attacks a person. Even in the taiga, he tries to avoid meeting and leaves.
This taiga handsome man lives, on average, about fifteen years.
That, perhaps, is all I wanted to say. And now a photo.

Tigers are representatives of the class of mammals, they are large predators from the cat family. The length of individual males is 3 m, and their weight exceeds 300 kg.

The tiger animal is under the protection of the state, it cannot be hunted.

Description of predators

The body of tigers has well-developed muscles and is flexible. On a round head, a convex forehead stands out, beautiful eyes and small ears capable of picking up any sound.

Animals see well in the dark. Scientists say that predators are good at distinguishing colors.

The largest weight was recorded in the Bengal tiger, it amounted to 388.7 kg. Females are smaller than males in size and body weight.

Tiger whiskers stick out like antennae, they are located on the muzzle in 4 or 5 rows. The fangs of a tiger are 8 cm long, so it is not difficult for him to deal with prey quickly.

On the tongue of the animal there are keratinized protrusions that help in cutting the carcass. In addition, it is also an additional hygiene product. Adult predators have 30 teeth.

The limbs have 5 fingers in front, and only 4 on the hind legs. The fingers have claws that the tiger can retract. The shape of the ears of a mammal is rounded. The pupil of the eye is round, and its iris is colored yellow.

Representatives of the southern species are distinguished by short and thick fur. Brethren from the north have more fluffy hair. In the palette of paints, the main color is rust, shades are added to it: red with brown. The chest with the belly of the beast is lighter, and sometimes they are just white.

Extraordinary beauty big cat gives a peculiar pattern of dark brown or black stripes. Stripes with pointed ends are located throughout the body. They can split in two and then reconnect.

The number of stripes on the body is more than 100, and on a long tail as if wearing rings of stripes, and at the end, as a rule, a black frame.

The stripes are arranged in a unique pattern, they can be compared to fingerprints.

For the beast itself, fur with this coloring is an excellent camouflage.

If you pay attention to the tracks, then the male paw print is larger than that of the females. The size of the trail is 15 or 16 cm long, 13 or 14 cm wide. The roaring beast can be heard from 3 km away.

Large dimensions do not prevent the animal from demonstrating excellent physical data, the tiger is an excellent runner. The speed of the beast can reach up to 60 km/h, while it runs fast on any terrain. Captive big cat can live up to 15 years.

The king of beasts and the tiger - which of them is the strongest?

This question is of interest to many people. In fact, little is known about actual fights between lions and tigers. Therefore, there are no sufficient grounds to assert that one of the predators is stronger than the other.

• A tiger and a lion can be compared by outward signs or lifestyle.
• By weight, the tiger is heavier than the lion by 50-70 kg.
• Both beasts clench their jaws with equal force.
• Lion and tiger kill their prey in the same way. They bite through the neck of the victim with powerful fangs.
• If we compare the way of life, then it is very different for two different predators.

So, the tiger hunts alone, he hunts on his own territory. They practically do not collide with each other, when males go hunting, they do not meet.

Lions live in prides or clans. Males have to fight for the right to hunt. They often fight for the female during the mating season. Such battles can end in serious injury or death of the male.

In terms of endurance, it is difficult to say who is in the lead. Both animals run great, and endurance is affected by age, habitat and health.

It is difficult to decide unequivocally which animal is stronger.

Types of tigers

The classification includes 9 subspecies, but 3 of them are now extinct. AT wild nature live:

Ussuri or Amur tiger. Its population is small. large predator has thick fur, which does not have as many stripes as other members of the species.

The Ussuri predator has an orange color, while it has a white belly. The length of the body can be 3.8 m, the height at the withers is up to 106 cm, and the weight is up to 220 kg.

Bengal tiger. In terms of numbers, this subspecies outnumbers the others. The color of predators varies from white to light orange. The length of the male can be up to 310 cm, and body weight up to 320 kg. The maximum length of the predator's tail is 110 cm. The population has about 3000 individuals.

Indochinese tiger. The animal differs from the rest in dull red fur with narrow and short stripes. The maximum length of tigers is 2.55 cm. The male weighs up to 195 kg.

Malayan tiger. It is the smallest, its length is only 237 cm, and its weight is 120 kg. In nature, there are from 600 to 800 representatives of this species.

Sumatran tiger. It also belongs to small species. The male weighs up to 140 kg, and reaches a length of up to 225 cm.

Chinese tiger. The subspecies, in which there are about 20 representatives, lives in China. The length of the male is 2.6 m, and it weighs about 177 kg.

In the photo of tigers you can see representatives with a yellow color. These representatives of the species are called golden tigers. They have lighter fur and stripes of brown.

Tiger photo

Description of the Amur tiger

Babr (from the Yakut "baabyr") - this is how the Siberian tiger, now known as the Far Eastern, Ussuri or Amur tiger, was called in Russia. Panthera tigris altaica (the Latin name of the subspecies) is recognized as one of the most impressive in the cat family, surpassing even its dimensions. Nowadays, the Amur tiger is depicted on the flag / coat of arms of Primorsky Krai and the coat of arms of Khabarovsk.

Babr adorned the coats of arms of Yakutsk (since 1642) and Irkutsk, until it turned into a “beaver” under Emperor Alexander II through the fault of an excessively zealous proponent of spelling who served in the heraldic department. The mistake was later corrected, but the coats of arms of Irkutsk and the region still show off a strange black beast with a large tail and webbed feet carrying a sable in his teeth.

Appearance

The Amur tiger is the most beautiful wild cat with a characteristic striped coloring of a flexible body, crowned with a rounded head with proportional ears. Babr, like all cats, is armed with 30 sharp teeth and tenacious claws, helping to tear carcasses and climb trees.

The predominant color background (red) is replaced by white on the chest, belly and “whiskers”. Transverse black stripes cross the body and tail, turning into symmetrical black stains on the head and muzzle.

Fleeing from fierce winter, the Amur tiger is forced to grow thick hair and accumulate a solid (5 cm) layer of subcutaneous fat, which protects the predator from frostbite.

A huge tiger can move without unnecessary noise, which is explained by the shock-absorbing ability of wide paws with soft pads. That is why the babr silently walks and runs through the summer Ussuri taiga, without falling into high snowdrifts in winter.

Tiger Dimensions

The Amur tiger, classified as one of the largest representatives of the cat family, has recently been increasingly inferior in size to that living in national parks India. Once these related subspecies were comparable in size, but the Ussuri tiger began to grow smaller due to its proximity to humans, more precisely, because of economic activity the last one.

Fact. The average Amur tiger stretches up to 2.7–3.8 m in length with a weight of 200–250 kg and growth at the withers from 1 to 1.15 m.

Zoologists suggest that individual individuals can gain 300 kg or more, although a less impressive record is officially registered - 212 kg. It belongs to a male with a radio collar attached to his neck.

Lifestyle, behavior

Unlike the lion, the Amur tiger, like most cats, does not join prides, but prefers a solitary existence. An exception is made only for females, who, together with the brood, can live on the territory of the male, which usually reaches 600–800 km². The territory of the female is always smaller, approximately 300–500 km².

The male vigilantly monitors the inviolability of the boundaries, marking them with secretory fluid and leaving deep scuff marks on the trunks. The Amur tiger, despite its size, easily climbs into the crowns of old oaks and even onto the tops of tall spruces.

The animal does not leave its territory if there are many ungulates grazing on it, but if necessary it is able to travel from 10 to 41 km. A tigress covers a shorter distance in a day, from 7 to 22 km. The Amur tiger can drag a horse carcass for more than half a kilometer without visible fatigue, and light and in the snow it can accelerate up to 80 km / h, second only to agility.

Interesting. The predator distinguishes colors well, and in the dark his vision is 5 times sharper than a human, perhaps that is why he likes to hunt at dusk and at night.

The Ussuri tiger is extremely silent: at least this is what naturalists say, who have been observing the animal in nature for years and have never heard its roar. The tiger roar is carried only during the rut - females are especially zealous. A dissatisfied babr growls hoarsely and dully, turning to a characteristic “cough” when angry. A peaceful tiger purrs like a domestic cat.

Greeting a comrade, the tiger uses special sounds formed by the sharp exhalation of air through the nose and mouth. Friction on the sides and contact with the muzzles tell about the peaceful mood of predators.

The Amur tiger is far from being a cannibal (unlike the Bengal tiger), which is why it tries to avoid a person and bypass his dwelling in every possible way. In case of a chance meeting with a tiger, it is better to stop without trying to run, and slowly give way without turning your back on it. You can talk to him, but only in a calm and confident voice: a scream that turns into a pig squeal will rather warm up the tiger’s interest in your person.

From the middle of the last century to the present time within the borders settlements Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories recorded no more than 10 cases of Amur tiger attacks on humans. Even in its native element, the Ussuri taiga, the tiger very rarely pounces on hunters pursuing it.

How long does the Amur tiger live

The life expectancy of a babr in nature is 10, less often - 15 years. AT ideal conditions zoological parks, Amur tigers often celebrate their 20th anniversary.

Fact. One of the oldest Amur tigers Fierce is considered to have lived for 21 years in the Khabarovsk Utyos Wild Animal Rehabilitation Center.

Lyuty was caught in the taiga, inadvertently injuring both jaws, after which the tiger developed osteomyelitis, which was surgically stopped in 1999. And already in next year Lyuty sported a new gold-plated silver-palladium fang thanks to a unique operation performed by Russian and American doctors.

The injured mouth did not allow Lyuty to return to the taiga, and he became not only the most visited pet rehabilitation center, but also the hero of numerous enthusiastic reports.

sexual dimorphism

The difference between the sexes is manifested, first of all, in weight: if the female individuals of the Amur tiger weigh 100-167 kg, then the male ones are almost twice as much - from 180 to 306 kg. Studies in 2005, conducted by zoologists in Russia, India and the United States, showed that in terms of mass, modern Far Eastern tigers are inferior to their ancestors.

Fact. Historically, the average male Amur tiger weighed about 215.5 kg, and the female about 137.5 kg. Today, the average weight of females is 117.9 kg, and males - 176.4 kg.

Sexual dimorphism is also seen in the life span of the Amur tiger: females live less than males. The latter are excluded from the upbringing and education of offspring, placing all parental functions on the mother, which significantly shortens her earthly life.

Range, habitats

The Amur tiger is found in a relatively limited sector, most of which represents a protected zone - this is China and the south-east of Russia, namely the banks of the Amur / Ussuri in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories.

As of 2003, the highest concentration of predators was noted in the foothills of the Sikhote-Alin (Lazovsky district of Primorsky Krai), where every sixth Amur tiger lived. In general, when choosing habitats, tigers try to be closer to their main food (ungulates), and also proceed from height. snow cover and the presence of shelters, such as creases or dense bushes.

The Amur tiger often settles in such biotopes as:

• mountains with deciduous trees;
• mountain river valleys;
• padi with forests of the Manchurian type, dominated by oak and cedar;
• pure cedars;
• secondary forests.

The Amur tiger has been driven out by man from low-lying landscapes suitable for agriculture. In retaliation, babrs often inspect the surroundings of neighboring settlements in winter, when their usual forage base is depleted.

The diet of the Ussuri tiger

It is very difficult to get such a number of ungulates, given that only one out of 6-7 attacks ends in luck. That is why the predator hunts a lot, eating everything that is inferior to it in size: from the Manchurian (glove-sized) hare to Himalayan bear, often equal in mass to the tiger itself.

The Amur tiger is the largest member of the cat family. This mighty predator lives on the territory of Russia in the Khabarovsk and Primorsky Territories, as well as in the northeastern regions of China. Total population This subspecies in the wild has a little more than 500 individuals. About the same number of cats live in zoos around the world.

Once upon a time living space the beast was more extensive. It inhabited the lands south of the Caspian Sea and even met on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. Lived in Central Asia, and in the east spread to Alaska. That is, this large striped cat reigned supreme in the eastern regions of Eurasia. In the western regions of the vast continent, the Asiatic lion held the palm. Man intervened in the established order of things and mercilessly destroyed both subspecies. Today, the Asian (Indian) lion drags out its existence in the Gir forest in northwestern India, and the Amur tiger lives only in Primorye.

Appearance

This subspecies exceeds the height of the Bengal tiger by 5-7 cm and reaches 112-120 cm at the withers. The body length of males ranges from 2.4 to 3.3 meters. Weight is 180-306 kg. Females reach a length of 2.4-2.7 meters, and weigh 120-170 kg. The tail of the Amur tiger grows up to a meter in length. The average weight of a male usually ranges from 200 kg, and the height at the withers is 110 cm. The beast is able to run at a speed of 50 km / h, and big booty he can drag a distance of 500 meters.

The coat of the beast is thick and coarse in summer period. On the back, it reaches a length of 15-17 mm, 25-35 mm on the stomach and 14-16 mm on the tail. In winter, the fur becomes longer, softer and silkier. On the back, its length is 40-50 mm, on the chest 60-100 mm, and on the stomach 65-105 mm. The mustache of a predator reaches a length of 90-115 mm. In the lower part of the body there is a thick layer of subcutaneous fat. All this protects the big tabby cat from severe cold weather. The color of the coat in winter is less bright and red than in summer. The general red background is crossed by black stripes. The belly and chest are white.

Reproduction and lifespan

The Amur tiger lives, as a rule, alone. Only for a while mating season males form pairs with females. The latter are 3.5 times more than the representatives of the stronger sex. Therefore, the male, having fertilized one female, goes in search of another. Pregnancy lasts 3.5 months. From 2 to 4 cubs are born. They are born blind and completely helpless. Eyes open on day 10, teeth erupt on day 15. Upon reaching 2 months, the cubs begin to leave the den.

Milk feeding lasts six months. Then the babies begin to accompany the mother during the hunt. The female teaches them this difficult task for many months. In a year, a young Amur tiger is already able to hunt on its own. At two years old, the beast turns into a seasoned predator, which is able to overcome any prey. However, a striped cat leaves its parent only upon reaching puberty. It comes at the age of 4-5 years. Males go as far as possible and occupy vast territories. Females do not move far from their mother. They also form their own land plots and often visit their parent. Often you can see several females at once, who rest peacefully, lying next to each other. The Amur tiger lives in the wild for about 15-17 years. In general, the life expectancy of this beast is 35-40 years.

Behavior and nutrition

The mighty striped predator hunts deer and wild boars. They make up to 70% of his diet. The menu also includes spotted deer, elk, red deer, musk deer and Amur goral. The cat does not disdain hares, rabbits, pikas, and from fish it loves salmon very much. When ordinary food is scarce, the beast attacks bears. In times of famine, it approaches people's dwellings. Here, livestock and dogs become its prey. The Amur tiger is active at night. His eyes distinguish colors, and he sees in pitch darkness 5 times better than a person.

A striped cat is not a polar bear, which owns the entire Arctic. The mighty striped predator is the landowner. Each animal has its own huge territory. Its area can reach up to 500 square meters. km. Borders are marked with urine and scratches on trees. The domains of females often overlap with those of males. The male does not experience aggression towards the weaker sex. In a completely different way, he behaves in relation to the representatives of the stronger sex. Here, when borders are violated, conflicts cannot be avoided. The owner of the land by all appearance makes it clear that the newcomer is removed from his territory. Bloody skirmishes in such cases, as a rule, do not reach.

Enemies

In the wild, the Amur tiger has no enemies. Rather, the predator itself is a deadly threat to its counterparts. In this case, we mean wolves. Where there are many tigers, the gray wolf is almost never found. The striped cat ruthlessly destroys these canine representatives. Such antagonism is apparently explained by similar appetites. Wolves eat the same things as tigers and create competition for the latter. Therefore, the formidable striped beast expels gray colleagues from its possessions, while acting in the most ruthless ways.

But the Amur tiger cannot cope with a person. People drove the beast out of the vast valleys into the mountainous regions. He currently lives in dense spruce forests, alternating with rocky areas teeming with wild boar, deer and elk. The animal avoids areas with deep snow and heavy snowfalls, trying to live in more suitable places for hunting. There are several programs to increase the size of this population. Specialists want to transfer part of the animals to the north-east of Yakutia. It is also believed that this subspecies perfectly adapts to northern regions American continent. So far, these are only projects, and their implementation is a matter of the future.