Mobile (inventory) buildings equip the construction site in the process of preparation for construction in order to create the necessary production, sanitary and living conditions for workers for the period of construction and installation work. For a long time, frame-fill, frame-sheathing, and panel temporary buildings were used in construction, the costs of which amounted (depending on the conditions of the area and the complexity of the objects) from 2 to 11% of the estimated cost of construction, and reusing them, as a rule, failed. At the same time, design solutions and technical and economic indicators of temporary buildings, their performance did not meet modern requirements. The structures of temporary buildings did not make it possible to quickly organize work on construction sites and at the same time create the necessary conditions for workers, which led to the manufacture and mass introduction of mobile and reusable inventory buildings.

By purpose, the entire set of mobile (inventory) buildings is divided into four functional and technological groups (F), each of which is characterized by a certain nomenclature of buildings (H): production - tool, repair and mechanical workshops, boiler rooms for liquid and solid fuels, plastering and painting stations, laboratories, pumping stations, diesel and gas turbine power plants, transformer substations, multifunctional buildings; warehouse - pantries for storing materials, products, instruments, apparatus and equipment, pantries for instrumental and distributing standard sets of mechanisms, tools and inventory; auxiliary - offices of the master and foreman, buildings for rest and heating of workers, buildings for classes and cultural events, canteens for distribution (buffets) and blanks, showers and wardrobes, toilets, first-aid posts, control rooms; residential, communal and public - for living and servicing employees and their families. Often in production conditions, all these buildings are abbreviated as "cabin houses".

Rice. 9.3. Types of mobile (inventory) buildings: a - collapsible dining room; b - container; in - mobile; g - film air-supported

Rice. 9.4. Industrial building of prefabricated type with multi-purpose crane equipment

According to design solutions, mobile (inventory) buildings are divided into three types (T) - collapsible, container, air-supported, each of which combines several design options (K) (Fig. 9.3, 9.4). Prefabricated buildings consist of separate flat elements. They are relatively inexpensive and multivariate, but they require more time and labor for the device than container ones (Fig. 9.3, a, 9.4). They are, as a rule, of considerable size; in particular, they house manufacturing plants equipped with cranes. Bent and rolled profiles are widely used as load-bearing structures.

Container buildings can be with or without removable undercarriage and consist of single or interlocked three-dimensional container elements. Structurally containers consist of panel or frame-panel elements. The frame is usually made of steel or wooden beams, wall panels and coatings are made of wood or metal with insulation and cladding with aluminum or plastic (Fig. 9.3, b, c). Container buildings are assembled from various modifications of single containers - end and row, connecting them with bolts. The dimensions of single containers are determined from the conditions of convenience of their transportation by road. Usually they take the width of blocks up to 3.0 m, length up to 8.0 and height up to 2.5 m. Buildings of this type require minimal labor and time during installation, dismantling and relocation, but are more expensive compared to prefabricated buildings .

DEVELOPED by the Central Research and Design and Experimental Institute for Organization, Mechanization and Technical Assistance to Construction (TsNIIOMTP) of the USSR State Construction Committee

Ministry of Transport Construction

Leningrad Zonal Research and Design Institute for Standard and Experimental Design of Residential and Public Buildings (LenZNIIEP) of Gosgrazhdanstroy

Ministry of Assembly and Special Construction Works of the USSR

Ministry of Energy and Electrification of the USSR

Research Institute of Building Structures (NIISK) of the State Construction Committee of the USSR

PERFORMERS

I.V. Stepanov, cand. tech. sciences; N.I. Lebedev; O.V. Orekhova; P.P. Oleinik, cand. tech. sciences; I.B. Caspe, cand. tech. sciences; A.M. Makeev, cand. tech. sciences; M.S. Sobchenko; E.V. Bondarenko; Yu.Ya. Valley, cand. tech. sciences; L.I. Zimin; A.I. Kostrov; L.S. Neifakh; V.S. Ponomarev; V.A. Puntus; N.N. Karasev, cand. tech. sciences; Yu.K. Mironov, cand. tech. sciences; Yu.N. Morozov, cand. tech. sciences; B.A. Blokhin; N.I. Tverdov; A.F. Zelentsov; I.N. Tkachenko, cand. tech. sciences; AND I. Tsiotov, cand. tech. sciences; Yu.M. Vinogradov, cand. tech. sciences; P.A. Demyanuk; I.V. White, cand. tech. sciences; G.V. Matveev; V.V. Bakonin

INTRODUCED by the Central Research and Design and Experimental Institute of Organization, Mechanization and Technical Assistance to Construction (TsNIIOMTP) of the USSR State Construction Committee

The Decree of the State Committee of the USSR for Construction of October 25, 1983 No. 287 established the deadline for the introduction

from 01.07.84

functional purpose.

1.2. According to the type of mobility, mobile (inventory) buildings and structures are divided into:

container;

collapsible.

1.3. In accordance with climatic influences and loads, mobile (inventory) buildings and structures are subdivided according to their design depending on the design temperature of the outside air, snow and wind loads.

1.4. According to their functional purpose, mobile (inventory) buildings and structures are divided into types and varieties (nomenclature) indicated in Table. one.

Table 1

	Variety
1. Production	Workshops:
	repair and mechanical;
	instrumental;
	electrical engineering;
	sanitary-technical;
	joinery and carpentry;
	preparation of finishing materials;
	reinforcing;
	diagnostic;
	repair of small-scale mechanization;
	repair of construction machines;
	car repair.
	Station for maintenance and repair of construction machines and vehicles (dispensary).
	Laboratories:
	construction;
	control of welded joints.
	Settings:
	concrete mortar mixing plant with warehouses;
	concrete mixing plant with warehouses;
	molding and heat treatment of reinforced concrete products;
	asphalt concrete;
	acetylene;
	capturing of springs;
	water intake from surface sources;
	surface water treatment;
	water disinfection;
	obtaining water from solid atmospheric precipitation;
	iron removal from underground sources;
	wastewater treatment.
	painting;
	plastering;
	pumping over artesian wells;
	pumping station.
	Power station.
	Complete transformer substation.
	Water tower.
	Water tank.
	Boiler room.
2. Warehouse	Storerooms:
	material;
	instrumental and distributing standard set of mechanisms, tools and inventory for the production of works.
	Warehouse material and technical.
	Warehouse of technological equipment.
	Warehouse of cement.
	Warehouse of aggregates for concrete.
3. Auxiliaries
	Control room.
	Building for classes and cultural events.
	Dressing room (with washroom, rest room and dryer).
	Shower room with wardrobe.
	Building for short-term rest, heating and drying clothes of workers.
	Dryer for workers' clothes and shoes.
	Lavatory with a room for women's hygiene.
	Canteens:
	on semi-finished products (pre-cooking);
	distributing;
	for raw materials (blank).
	First-aid post-isolation.
	Residential buildings:
	single-family;
	multi-apartment.
	Hostel.
5. Public	Radio office.
	Kindergarten.
	Health center.
	Feldsher-obstetric station with a hospital.
	Mixed store (everyday demand).
	Canteen (for raw materials with bread baking).
	Reception point of the consumer services complex.
	Home service facility.
	Bath-laundry.
	Laundry.
	Health center with isolation.

2. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

2.1. There is one standardized term for each concept. The use of synonymous terms for the standardized term is prohibited. Synonyms that are unacceptable for use are given as reference and are designated "Ndp".

For individual standardized terms, the standard provides their short forms, which are allowed to be used in cases that exclude the possibility of their different interpretation.

2.2. The standard provides an alphabetical index of the terms it contains.

2.3. Standardized terms are typed in bold, their short form is in light, invalid synonyms are in italics (Table 2).

table 2

	Definition
General concepts
1. Mobile (inventory) building or structure Ndp. Change house. Mobile home Wagon-house. Dormitory car. inventory room	Building or structure of a complete factory supply, the design of which allows its relocation
2. Type of mobility of a mobile (inventory) building or structure Building type. Structure type
3. Mobile (inventory) building or container-type structure container building. container facility Ndp. Movement. Van. Railway carriage	Mobile (inventory) building or structure, consisting of one block container of full factory readiness, relocated on any suitable vehicles, including on its own running gear
4. Mobile (inventory) building or structure of collapsible type Prefabricated building. Prefabricated building	Mobile (inventory) building or structure, consisting of separate block containers, flat and linear elements or their combinations, connected into a structural system at the place of operation
5. Execution of a mobile (inventory) building or structure Building execution. Construction execution
6. Type of mobile (inventory) buildings or structures
7. Nomenclature of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures Nomenclature of buildings. Nomenclature of structures	The list of varieties of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures, systematized by functional purpose, indicating the main indicator
8. Complex of mobile (inventory) buildings and (or) structures Mobile complex	A set of mobile (inventory) buildings and (or) structures designed to perform interrelated operational tasks
9. Rental base for mobile (inventory) buildings and (or) structures Rental base Ndp. Rental base. rental office	A specialized organization whose functions include providing construction with mobile (inventory) buildings and (or) structures, including their transportation, installation, operation and dismantling
10. Park of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures Park of buildings and structures	The set of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures that the rental base has
11. A set of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures	A set of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures of various functional purposes, type and capacity (capacity, etc.) necessary to ensure the normal activities of the organization operating them
12. A set of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures	A set of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures necessary for organizing a construction site
Structures of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures
13. Block container Ndp. Container. Block box. volume block	Volumetric element of full factory readiness. Note. A volumetric element can be closed, open, transformable
14. Own chassis of a mobile (inventory) building or structure Chassis	A transport device designed for the relocation of a mobile (inventory) building or container-type structure. Note. Own undercarriage can be removable or non-removable
15. Basic product	According to GOST 23945.1-80
16. Basic design	According to GOST 23945.1-80
Parameters of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures
17. The main indicator of the functional purpose of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex Main indicator	A parameter of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex that characterizes its technological function, capacity (technological capacity) or power. Note. Examples of the capacity (capacity) of buildings, structures or a complex are the number of people served, the amount of products obtained as a result of the technological process, the volumes of stored products, etc.
18. Turnover of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex Turnover of a building, structure or complex	The number of relocations of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex for a certain calendar period
19. Estimated service life of a mobile (inventory) building or structure	The duration of operation of a mobile (inventory) building or structure, established by the norms, during which it must retain its consumer qualities
20. Design conditions for the operation of mobile (inventory) buildings or structures Design operating conditions	A system of averaged (unified, standardized, etc.) operational requirements for mobile (inventory) buildings or structures in the form of values ​​of load indicators, impacts, coefficients, etc.
21. Service life of a mobile (inventory) building or structure	According to GOST 13377-75
22. Reliability	According to GOST 13377-75
23. Limit state	According to GOST 13377-75
24. Operating time	According to GOST 13377-75
25. Technical resource	According to GOST 13377-75
26. Class of a mobile (inventory) building or structure Building or structure class	According to GOST 23642-79
27. Type of discipline for restoring (maintaining) the operability of a mobile (inventory) building or structure Discipline of restoration (maintenance) of working capacity	According to GOST 23642-79
The use of mobile (inventory) buildings and structures
28. Use of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex Application of a building, structure or complex	A process covering the relocation, storage, repair, installation, operation and dismantling of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex
29. Relocation of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex Relocation of a building, structure or complex	Moving a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex using vehicles from one place of operation to another
30. Installation of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex	Assembly and connection of flat, linear and volumetric elements, as well as engineering networks of a building, structure or complex, installation in a working (for buildings and structures of a container type) or design (for buildings and structures of a collapsible type) position with fixing structures and various kinds equipment, furniture, placement of a building or structure on supports (base) with connection to the building or structure of engineering technological equipment that provides the supply of raw materials, water, steam and energy, grounding and other works that ensure the preparation and operation of a mobile (inventory) building, building or complex
31. Dismantling of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex	The process reverse to the installation of a mobile (inventory) building, structure or complex

INDEX OF TERMS

Rental base 9

Rolling base 9

Rental base of mobile (inventory) buildings 9

Rental base for mobile (inventory) facilities 9

block box 13

block container 13

Volumetric block 13

change house 1

Wagon-house 1

Dormitory car 1

Type of discipline of restoration (maintenance)

operability of a mobile (inventory) building 27

Type of discipline of restoration (maintenance)

building performance 27

Type of mobile (inventory) buildings 6

Type of mobile (inventory) structures 6

Dismantling of the mobile (inventory) building 31

Dismantling of the mobile (inventory) complex 31

Dismantling of the mobile (inventory) structure 31

Discipline of restoration (maintenance) of working capacity 27

mobile home 1

container building 3

Mobile building (inventory) 1

Mobile (inventory) building of container type 3

Mobile (inventory) building of collapsible type 4

Building collapsible 4

Basic product 15

Building version 5

Execution of a mobile (inventory) building 5

Execution of a mobile (inventory) structure 5

Execution of building 5

Building class 26

Mobile (inventory) building class 26

Class of mobile (inventory) structure 26

Building class 26

Complex mobile 8

Complex of mobile (inventory) buildings 8

Complex of mobile (inventory) structures 8

Set of mobile (inventory) buildings 12

A set of mobile (inventory) structures 12

Basic design 16

Container 13

rental office 9

Installation of a mobile (inventory) building 30

Installation of a mobile (inventory) complex 30

Installation of a mobile (inventory) structure 30

A set of mobile (inventory) buildings 11

A set of mobile (inventory) structures 11

Reliability 22

Operating time 24

Nomenclature of buildings 7

Nomenclature of mobile (inventory) buildings 7

Nomenclature of mobile (inventory) structures 7

Nomenclature of buildings 7

Building turnover 18

Complex turnover 18

Building turnover 18

Turnover of a mobile (inventory) building 18

Turnover of the mobile (inventory) complex 18

Turnover of a mobile (inventory) facility 18

Building Park 10

Park of mobile (inventory) buildings 10

Park of mobile (inventory) facilities 10

Facilities Park 10

Relocation of building 29

Relocation of complex 29

Relocation of a mobile (inventory) building 29

Relocation of the mobile (inventory) complex 29

Relocation of a mobile (inventory) facility 29

Relocation of facility 29

Key indicator 17

mobile (inventory) building

The indicator of functional purpose is the main 17

mobile (inventory) facility

Inventory room 1

Building Application 28

Application of complex 28

The use of a mobile (inventory) building 28

The use of a mobile (inventory) complex 28

The use of a mobile (inventory) facility 28

Application of building 28

Technical resource 25

Container building 3

Mobile structure (inventory) 1

Mobile (inventory) container type structure 3

Mobile (inventory) structure of collapsible type 4

Collapsible structure 4

State limit 23

Service life of a mobile (inventory) building 21

Service life of a mobile (inventory) facility 21

Estimated service life of a mobile (inventory) building 19

Estimated service life of a mobile (inventory) facility 19

Building type 2

Type of mobile (inventory) building 2

Type of mobile (inventory) structure 2

Building type 2

Design operating conditions 20

Operating conditions of calculated mobile (inventory) buildings 20

Operating conditions, calculated mobile (inventory) structures 20

Running gear 14

Running part of own mobile (inventory) building 14

Running part of own mobile (inventory) structure 14

The design of the complex of auxiliary buildings of the construction site is carried out in the following sequence:

1) the nomenclature of the complex of inventory buildings is determined; 2) the general need for temporary buildings is established; 3) the rational type and number of mobile buildings is determined; 4) the layout of the camp of builders is being developed; 5) the binding of the town at the construction site is drawn up.

4.4.1. Nomenclature of ancillary buildings for construction camps

The composition of auxiliary buildings (premises) for a construction site depends on the organizational and technological conditions of construction, the duration of construction and installation work at the facility being built, the nature of the resources involved, the degree of development of construction and the state of its material and technical base, the procedure for sanitary and hygienic and consumer services for workers.

In accordance with the requirements of clause 5.14 of SNiP 12-03-2001, workers, managers, specialists and employees employed at construction sites must be provided with sanitary facilities (cloakrooms, dryers for clothes and shoes, showers, rooms for eating, resting and heating, women's hygiene rooms and toilets) in accordance with current standards, the nomenclature of inventory buildings, structures, installations and their complexes for construction and installation organizations.

Preparation for operation of sanitary facilities and devices for those working at the construction site must be completed before the start of the main construction and installation works.

When reconstructing existing enterprises, sanitary and amenity premises should be arranged taking into account sanitary requirements, compliance with which is mandatory in the implementation of production processes of the reconstructed enterprise.

1. Determination of the total need for temporary buildings (premises)

The total need for temporary buildings (temporary premises) is determined for the entire period of construction as a whole, or for its individual stages and periods according to the formula

where F – the total need for buildings of this type in m 2, workplaces, seats, nets, glasses, cranes, F n- normative indicator of the building's needs, unified. measurement / capacity (m 2 / person, workplace / person, seat / person, mesh / person, point / person, crane / person) is determined according to Appendix 2, R- the number of workers (or their individual categories) in the most numerous shift, except for dressing rooms, which are calculated for the entire number of workers.

4.4.3. Determining the rational type and number of mobile buildings

The definition of a rational type and number of mobile buildings is determined for each item of the nomenclature (Appendix 3) separately in the following sequence.

4.4.3.1. Determination of the number of users of the building (room)

The total maximum number of workers on the construction site is set based on the work schedule.

The number of different categories of workers at the construction site is calculated.

The structure of employees by industry and type of work is quite individual for different regions of the country and construction sites and, therefore, is specified when performing calculations (Table 6).

Table 6

The structure of employees based on gender, in the absence of departmental standards or specially stipulated conditions for the production of construction and installation works, is assumed to be 30% of women and 70% of men from all workers in the most numerous shift.

Designed to create the necessary conditions for workers for the period of construction and installation work.

By purpose, mobile (inventory) buildings are divided into four functional and technological groups, each of which is characterized by a certain range of buildings:

1) production - tool, repair and mechanical workshops, boiler rooms for liquid and solid fuels, plastering and painting stations, laboratories, pumping stations, diesel and gas turbine power plants, transformer substations, multifunctional buildings;

2) warehouse - pantries for storing materials, products, instruments, apparatus and equipment; tool-distributing pantries, standard sets of mechanisms, tools and inventory;

3) auxiliary - offices of the foreman and superintendent, buildings for rest and heating of workers, buildings for classes and cultural events, canteens for distribution (buffets) and blanks, showers and wardrobes, toilets, first-aid posts, control rooms;

4) residential, communal and public - for living and serving employees and members of their families.

According to their design solutions, mobile (inventory) buildings are divided into three types: collapsible, container (including mobile), air-supported, each of which combines several design options.

The areas of mobile (inventory) buildings are calculated as follows: for offices, based on the total number of IGRs, employees or only line personnel; for sanitary facilities, based on the maximum number of workers per shift, for dressing rooms, based on the total number of workers employed in construction.

In the total number of employees, the share of certain categories - workers, engineers, employees, MOS and security - can be approximately taken from the data in Table. four:

The most widely used mobile (inventory) buildings at construction sites are sanitary buildings for workers: dressing rooms, washrooms, showers, rooms for drying clothes and shoes, rooms for women's personal hygiene, rooms for rest, rooms for eating. Near workplaces, areas for workers to rest, smoking areas (equipped with fire fighting equipment), protective shelters from precipitation and solar radiation should be provided. When designing sanitary facilities, it is allowed to combine the following services: washrooms with a wardrobe; washrooms with showers; dressing rooms with shower; dressing rooms with drying clothes and shoes; a rest room with a room for heating workers and eating. At the same time, it is not allowed to combine a washroom, a dressing room, a room for drying clothes and shoes with rooms for rest, heating workers, and eating.

Dressing rooms are designed for changing clothes, storing street-home and work clothes.

The area of ​​​​cloakrooms is determined based on the number of workers in the team and the standard area for 1 person. (Table 5).

Dressing rooms should be equipped with closed lockers for storing clothes. Cabinet dimensions, cm: width - 90, depth - 20, height - 180.

Washrooms are designed in accordance with the data in the following table, based on the number of workers in the team and the standard area per 1 person. (Table 6).

The area of ​​​​shower rooms and the number of shower horns for teams of different sizes is determined according to the following table, based on the number of workers in the team and the standard area per 1 person. (Table 7).

The number of places for drying clothes and shoes is designed for 100% of the payroll of workers employed in construction, at the rate of 0.2 m2 per 1 place.

The area of ​​premises for personal hygiene of women is determined based on the number of women according to Table 8:

The areas of toilets are determined based on the number of employees and the area standard for 1 person. according to table. 9:

Workers' rest rooms are designed based on the area standard for 1 person. and the number of workers in the most numerous shift according to Table. ten:

It is advisable to combine the premises for eating with the premises for the rest of workers. The area of ​​​​premises for eating and resting is taken according to the data in Table. eleven:

All sanitary facilities must be equipped with plumbing, sewerage, heating and ventilation, electricity, cold and hot water must be supplied to them. The latter is supplied to showers, washrooms, cabins for personal hygiene of women and a room for eating, as well as for heating domestic premises. Dressing rooms, washrooms, showers, rooms for eating, resting, drying clothes and shoes, personal hygiene for women should be located at a distance of about 100 m from workplaces. Premises for heating, drinking installations and toilets - at a distance of 50 m from workplaces. The maximum distance t of workplaces to sanitary buildings should not exceed 200 m.

In a number of cases, industrial camps are organized at the construction site, consisting of a set of mobile (inventory) buildings.

• Next >

Working in the market of mobile buildings for many years, we are constantly faced with a variety of terms and names used and the lack of a single terminology in the market. Representatives of different industries use different terms, sometimes meaning the same thing, and sometimes only visually similar designs. The following are just some of the terms used by suppliers and buyers of mobile buildings:

This is a building designed to be transported from one site to another and quickly commissioned after dismantling, transportation and assembly work at a new location. This rather broad term refers to prefabricated buildings of various structural types, the design of which allows them to be transported to a new place of operation.

MOBILE INVENTORY BUILDING- a temporary building or structure of a complete factory supply, the design of which makes it possible to relocate it. This is the official name used in GOSTs, for example:. GOST does not allow the use of such synonyms as a wagon-house, change house, container, etc.

Mobile inventory buildings can be container (consisting of one container) or collapsible type (from several containers and other elements connected into a structural system at the place of operation).

MOBILE BUILDING OF CONTAINER TYPE- is a metal structure specially made or adapted for use as a mobile building or structure for any purpose: residential, office, warehouse, etc. Such buildings are sometimes made on the basis of shipping containers.

INVENTORY BUILDING- another common name, rarely used among manufacturers and consumers of mobile buildings, but reflecting its difference from capital buildings and structures. This term is also usually understood as a factory-made structure designed for the life and work of people and providing the possibility of its multiple redeployment. Accordingly, a non-inventory building is usually used only once.

A popular term in the mobile building market for a single container building. It is this term that is most often used by manufacturers and procurement specialists of consumer organizations. Car-houses can have three different versions: on a chassis, on a sledge (runners), or on a frame. A feature of the wagon-houses is their suitability for year-round use in any climatic zones. The car at home can have a wide variety of purposes - residential, sanitary, industrial, auxiliary, special. For example: car-house - dryer for work clothes.

CAR- a common name for a mobile building. Among professional market participants, it is usually used to refer to wagon-houses, however, in the construction market it is more often used in relation to change houses and foremen at a construction site, and is also used in everyday life to refer to light prefabricated summer cottages.

TRAILER WAGON HOUSE- sometimes used to refer to car-houses on the chassis. A feature of such buildings is their simplified movement between objects - they usually have a non-removable tractor chassis with a drawbar, and are easily transported to a new location using a tractor. In addition to tractors, automobile chassis can also be used. With regard to car-houses on the chassis, there may be requirements for registration with the traffic police (car chassis) or Gostekhnadzor (tractor chassis) and the compliance of their dimensions with the transport dimensions for public roads indicated in the SDA, as well as the requirement to pay a recycling fee on the chassis. Synonyms: trailer - mobile building, mobile trailer car.

MOBILE BUILDING (mobile trailer)- a less commonly used synonym for the term "wagon-house". Mobile are not only cars on the chassis, but also in other versions: car-houses on a sledge can be moved over the snow cover for short distances using a tractor, and car-houses on a frame can be easily loaded onto any vehicle using a crane.

BLOCK CONTAINER (block module)- a three-dimensional structural element of mobile buildings and structures of a container or collapsible type. The block container frame is usually made of steel profiles of various sections, with metal outer walls and ceilings. The design of block containers can be either a non-separable type on welded joints, or a collapsible, transformable type for compact storage or transportation.

MODULAR BUILDING (block-modular building)- the term refers to a building from prefabricated modules, assembled from one or more block containers (modules). Usually the term is used for buildings consisting of several modules, including 2-3 storey buildings. But sometimes it is also used to refer to single buildings - wagon-houses.

CHANGE HOUSE- is rarely used to designate wagon-houses and in general is a light mobile building that visually resembles a wagon-house (it can even be mounted on a chassis). However, if car-houses are made in various designs for any climatic conditions and have a heating and ventilation system, plumbing and electrical equipment, then change houses are usually buildings for use in the warm season, with only electricity from engineering systems. Change houses can be made from various materials, including metal, but the design itself does not have a high bearing capacity and resistance to loads. Change houses can also be used as summer living quarters, for example, for seasonal workers or at camp sites. However, sometimes our customers, referring to the car at home, say "winter change house" or "insulated change house".

BEAM- the name of temporary housing, common in the northern regions of Russia (from Komi to Chukotka). This can be called any temporary or adapted dwelling, including a barrel-shaped house, a trailer, a van, a change house or a small barrack. The most commonly referred to as a beam is a residential trailer on skids, but the name can also be applied to trailers on a chassis or on a frame. Balok can be intended for accommodation not only for rotational personnel, but also for families of local residents. Until now, in the northern regions of Russia, some part of the beams has been preserved as a housing stock. For heating the beam, a stove is most often used.