What was sick Alliluyeva. Nadezhda Alliluyeva - biography, photo, personal life of Stalin's wife. “I read in the white press that this is the most interesting material about you.”

The name of Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva became known to the Soviet people only after her death. In those cold November days of 1932, people who knew this young woman intimately said goodbye to her. They did not want to make a circus out of the funeral, but Stalin ordered otherwise. The funeral procession, which passed through the central streets of Moscow, gathered a crowd of many thousands. Everyone wanted to see the wife of the “father of peoples” on her last journey. These funerals could only be compared with the mourning ceremonies that were held earlier on the occasion of the death of the Russian empresses.

The unexpected death of a thirty-year-old woman, and the first lady of the state, could not but cause a lot of questions. Since the foreign journalists who were in Moscow at that time failed to obtain the information of interest from the official authorities, the foreign press was full of reports about the most diverse reasons for the untimely death of Stalin's wife.

Citizens of the USSR, who also wanted to know what caused this sudden death, remained in the dark for a long time. Various rumors spread around Moscow, according to which Nadezhda Alliluyeva died in a car accident, died of an acute attack of appendicitis. A number of other suggestions have also been made.

The version of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin turned out to be completely different. He officially stated that his wife, who had been ill for several weeks, got out of bed too early, this caused serious complications, resulting in death.

Stalin could not say that Nadezhda Sergeyevna was seriously ill, because a few hours before her death she was seen alive and well at a concert in the Kremlin dedicated to the fifteenth anniversary of the Great October Revolution. Alliluyeva cheerfully communicated with high-ranking state and party officials and their wives.

What was the true cause of such an early death of this young woman?

There are three versions: according to the first of them, Nadezhda Alliluyeva committed suicide; supporters of the second version (they were mostly OGPU employees) claimed that Stalin himself killed the first lady of the state; according to the third version, Nadezhda Sergeevna was shot dead on the orders of her husband. To understand this confusing matter, it is necessary to recall the entire history of the relationship between the Secretary General and his wife.

Nadezhda Alliluyeva

They got married in 1919, Stalin was then 40 years old, and his young wife was only 17 with a little. An experienced man who knew the taste of family life (Alliluyeva was his second wife), and a young girl, almost a child ... Could their marriage be happy?

Nadezhda Sergeevna was, so to speak, a hereditary revolutionary. Her father, Sergei Yakovlevich, was one of the first among Russian workers to join the Russian Social Democratic Party, he took an active part in three Russian revolutions and in the Civil War. Nadezhda's mother also participated in the revolutionary uprisings of Russian workers.

The girl was born in 1901 in Baku, her childhood fell on the Caucasian period of the life of the Alliluyev family. Here, in 1903, Sergei Yakovlevich met Iosif Dzhugashvili.

According to family tradition, the future dictator saved two-year-old Nadya when she fell into the water while playing on the Baku embankment.

After 14 years, Joseph Stalin and Nadezhda Alliluyeva met again, this time in St. Petersburg. Nadia was studying at the gymnasium at that time, and thirty-eight-year-old Iosif Vissarionovich had recently returned from Siberia.

The sixteen-year-old girl was very far from politics. She was more interested in the pressing questions of food and shelter than in the global problems of the world revolution.

In her diary of those years, Nadezhda noted: “We are not going to leave St. Petersburg. Provision is good so far. Eggs, milk, bread, meat can be obtained, although expensive. In general, you can live, although our mood (and everyone in general) is terrible ... it’s boring, you won’t go anywhere.

Rumors about the performance of the Bolsheviks in the last days of October 1917, Nadezhda Sergeevna rejected as absolutely groundless. But the revolution has happened.

In January 1918, together with other schoolgirls, Nadia attended the All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies several times. “Quite interesting,” she wrote in her diary of the impressions of those days. “Especially when Trotsky or Lenin speak, the rest speak very languidly and without content.”

Nevertheless, Nadezhda, who considered all other politicians uninteresting, agreed to marry Joseph Stalin. The newlyweds settled in Moscow, Alliluyeva went to work in Lenin's secretariat to Fotiyeva (a few months earlier she became a member of the RCP (b)).

In 1921, the first-born appeared in the family, who was named Vasily. Nadezhda Sergeevna, who gave all her strength to social work, could not pay due attention to the child. Iosif Vissarionovich was also very busy. Alliluyeva's parents took care of the upbringing of little Vasily, and the servants also provided all possible assistance.

In 1926 the second child was born. The girl was named Svetlana. This time, Nadezhda decided to raise the child on her own.

Together with a nanny who helped take care of her daughter, she lived for some time in a dacha near Moscow.

However, the cases required the presence of Alliluyeva in Moscow. Around the same time, she began to collaborate with the Revolution and Culture magazine, and she often had to go on business trips.

Nadezhda Sergeevna tried not to forget about her beloved daughter: the girl had all the best - clothes, toys, food. Son Vasya also did not go unnoticed.

Nadezhda Alliluyeva was a good friend to her daughter. Even without being close to Svetlana, she gave her good advice.

Unfortunately, only one letter from Nadezhda Sergeevna to her daughter has been preserved with a request to be smart and reasonable: “Vasya wrote to me, a girl is playing pranks on something. Terribly boring to receive such letters about a girl.

I thought that I left her big and reasonable, but it turns out that she is very small and does not know how to live like an adult ... Be sure to tell me how you decided to live on, in a serious way or somehow ... "

In the memory of Svetlana, who lost her dearest person early, her mother remained "very beautiful, smooth, smelling of perfume."

Later, Stalin's daughter said that the first years of her life were the happiest.

This cannot be said about the marriage of Alliluyeva and Stalin. Relations between them became more and more cool every year.

Iosif Vissarionovich often went with an overnight stay to the dacha in Zubalovo. Sometimes alone, sometimes with friends, but most often accompanied by actresses, who were very fond of all high-ranking Kremlin figures.

Some contemporaries claimed that even during the life of Alliluyeva, Stalin began to meet with the sister of Lazar Kaganovich Rosa. The woman often visited the Kremlin's chambers of the leader, as well as at the Stalin's dacha.

Nadezhda Sergeevna knew perfectly well about her husband's love affairs and was very jealous of him. Apparently, she really loved this man, who could not find any other words for her, except for "fool" and other rudeness.

Stalin showed his discontent and contempt in the most offensive way, but Nadezhda endured all this. Repeatedly she made attempts to leave her husband with her children, but each time she was forced to return back.

According to some eyewitnesses, a few days before her death, Alliluyeva made an important decision - to finally move to relatives and stop all relations with her husband.

It is worth noting that Joseph Vissarionovich was a despot not only in relation to the people of his country. Members of his family also experienced a lot of pressure, perhaps even more than everyone else.

Stalin liked his decisions not to be discussed and executed unquestioningly, but Nadezhda Sergeevna was an intelligent woman with a strong character, she knew how to defend her opinion. This is evidenced by the following fact.

In 1929, Alliluyeva expressed a desire to start her studies at the institute. Stalin opposed this for a long time, he rejected all arguments as insignificant. Abel Yenukidze and Sergo Ordzhonikidze came to the aid of the woman, together they managed to convince the leader of the need for Nadezhda to receive an education.

Soon she became a student of one of the Moscow universities. Only one director knew that Stalin's wife was studying at the institute.

With his consent, two secret agents of the OGPU were admitted to the faculty under the guise of students, whose duty it was to ensure the safety of Nadezhda Alliluyeva.

The Secretary General's wife came to the institute by car. The driver who took her to classes stopped a few blocks before the institute, Nadezhda covered the remaining distance on foot. Later, when she was given a new gas, she learned to drive a car on her own.

Stalin made a big mistake by allowing his wife to enter the world of ordinary citizens. Communication with fellow students opened Nadezhda's eyes to what is happening in the country. Previously, she knew about state policy only from newspapers and official speeches that reported that everything was fine in the Land of Soviets.

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin

In reality, everything turned out to be completely different: the beautiful pictures of the life of the Soviet people were overshadowed by forced collectivization and unjust deportations of peasants, mass repressions and famine in Ukraine and the Volga region.

Naively believing that her husband did not know what was happening in the state, Alliluyeva told him and Yenukidze about the institute conversations. Stalin tried to get away from this topic, accusing his wife of collecting gossip spread by the Trotskyists everywhere. However, left alone, he cursed Nadezhda with the most bad words and threatened with a ban on attending classes at the institute.

Soon after that, ferocious purges began in all universities and technical schools. Employees of the OGPU and members of the Party Control Commission carefully checked the reliability of the students.

Stalin carried out his threat, and two months of student life fell out of the life of Nadezhda Alliluyeva. Thanks to the support of Yenukidze, who convinced the "father of peoples" that his decision was wrong, she was able to graduate from the institute.

Studying at the university contributed to the expansion of not only the range of interests, but also the circle of communication. Nadezhda made many friends and acquaintances. One of her closest comrades in those years was Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin.

Under the influence of communication with this person and fellow students, Alliluyeva soon developed independent judgments, which she openly expressed to her power-hungry husband.

Stalin's dissatisfaction grew every day, he needed an obedient like-minded person, and Nadezhda Sergeevna began to allow herself critical remarks about party and state leaders who carried out the party's policy under the strict guidance of the Secretary General. The desire to learn as much as possible about the life of the native people at this stage of its history made Nadezhda Sergeevna pay special attention to such problems of national importance as the famine in the Volga region and Ukraine, the repressive policy of the authorities. The case of Ryutin, who dared to speak out against Stalin, did not hide from her either.

The policy pursued by her husband no longer seemed right to Alliluyeva. Differences between her and Stalin gradually intensified, in the end they grew into severe contradictions.

"Betrayal" - this is how Joseph Vissarionovich described the behavior of his wife.

It seemed to him that Nadezhda Sergeevna's communication with Bukharin was to blame, but he could not openly object to their relationship.

Only once, inaudibly approaching Nadia and Nikolai Ivanovich, who were walking along the paths of the park, Stalin dropped the terrible word “I will kill”. Bukharin took these words as a joke, but Nadezhda Sergeevna, who knew the character of her husband perfectly, was frightened. The tragedy occurred shortly after this incident.

On November 7, 1932, extensive celebrations of the fifteenth anniversary of the Great October Revolution were planned. After the parade, which took place on Red Square, all high-ranking party and government officials with their wives went to a reception at the Bolshoi Theater.

However, one day was not enough to celebrate such a significant date. The next day, November 8, another reception was held in a huge banquet hall, attended by Stalin and Alliluyeva.

According to eyewitnesses, the general secretary sat opposite his wife and threw balls rolled from bread pulp at her. According to another version, he threw tangerine peels at Alliluyeva.

For Nadezhda Sergeevna, who experienced such humiliation in front of several hundred people, the holiday was hopelessly ruined. Leaving the banquet hall, she headed home. Polina Zhemchuzhina, Molotov's wife, also left with her.

Some argue that the wife of Ordzhonikidze Zinaida, with whom the first lady had friendly relations, acted as a comforter. However, Alliluyeva had practically no real friends, except for Alexandra Yulianovna Kanel, the head physician of the Kremlin hospital.

On the night of the same day, Nadezhda Sergeevna was gone. Karolina Vasilievna Til, who worked as a housekeeper in the house of the Secretary General, found her lifeless body on the floor in a pool of blood.

Svetlana Alliluyeva later recalled: “Shaking with fear, she ran to our nursery and called the nanny with her, she could not say anything. They went together. Mom lay covered in blood near her bed, in her hand was a small Walter pistol. Two years before the terrible tragedy, this lady's weapon was presented to Nadezhda by her brother Pavel, who worked in the 1930s in the Soviet trade mission in Germany.

There is no exact information about whether Stalin was at home on the night of November 8-9, 1932. According to one version, he went to the country, Alliluyeva called him there several times, but he left her calls unanswered.

According to supporters of the second version, Iosif Vissarionovich was at home, his bedroom was located opposite his wife's room, so he could not hear the shots.

Molotov claimed that on that terrible night, Stalin, who had fairly refreshed himself with alcohol at a banquet, was fast asleep in his bedroom. He was allegedly upset by the news of his wife's death, he even cried. In addition, Molotov added that Alliluyeva "was a bit of a psychopath at that time."

Fearing a leak of information, Stalin personally controlled all the reports that came to the press. It was important to demonstrate the non-involvement of the head of the Soviet state in what happened, hence the talk that he was in the country and did not see anything.

However, the opposite follows from the testimony of one of the guards. He was at work that night and dozed off when his sleep was interrupted by the sound of a door closing.

Opening his eyes, the man saw Stalin leaving his wife's room. Thus, the guard could hear both the sound of a slamming door and a pistol shot.

People involved in the study of data on the Alliluyeva case argue that Stalin did not necessarily shoot himself. He could provoke his wife, and she committed suicide in his presence.

It is known that Nadezhda Alliluyeva left a suicide letter, but Stalin destroyed it immediately after reading it. The Secretary General could not allow anyone else to know the content of this message.

The fact that Alliluyeva did not commit suicide, but was killed, is evidenced by other facts. So, on duty at the Kremlin hospital on the night of November 8-9, 1932, Dr. Kazakov, invited to witness the death of the first lady, refused to sign the suicide act drawn up earlier.

According to the doctor, the shot was fired from a distance of 3-4 m, and the deceased could not shoot herself in the left temple on her own, since she was not left-handed.

Alexandra Kanel, invited to the Kremlin apartment of Alliluyeva and Stalin on November 9, also refused to sign a medical report, according to which the Secretary General's wife died suddenly from an acute attack of appendicitis.

Other doctors of the Kremlin hospital, including Dr. Levin and Professor Pletnev, did not put their signatures under this document either. The latter were arrested during the purges of 1937 and shot.

Alexandra Kanel was removed from office a little earlier, in 1935. She soon died, allegedly from meningitis. So Stalin dealt with people who opposed his will.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva (September 22, 1901, Baku - November 9, 1932, Moscow), is known as the second wife of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks I. V. Stalin. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1918.

Born in the family of a revolutionary worker S. Ya. Alliluyev. The goddaughter of the Soviet party leader A. S. Yenukidze.

When in 1917 I. V. Stalin returned to Petrograd from Siberian exile, an affair began between him and sixteen-year-old Nadia. In 1918 they got married. Their children are Vasily (1921-1962) and Svetlana (1926-2011).

She worked in the People's Commissariat for Nationalities Affairs, in the secretariat of V. I. Lenin, collaborated in the editorial office of the Revolution and Culture magazine and in the Pravda newspaper. Since 1929 she studied at the Moscow Industrial Academy at the Faculty of Textile Industry.

On the night of November 8-9, 1932, Nadezhda Sergeevna shot herself in the heart from the "Walter", locking herself in her room.

It is generally accepted that the reason for her suicide was the exacerbation of the disease. She often suffered from severe headaches. She appears to have had a malalignment of the cranial bones, and suicide is not uncommon in such cases.
“What, for example, do they say about the death of Alliluyeva? Some suggest that Budyonny killed her, standing behind the curtain during Stalin's conversation with his wife. Others - that Stalin's assistants, because she was his political opponent. Third -
as if Stalin shot her out of jealousy. And there is a boring truth of life: this woman had a severe brain disease. She went to Düsseldorf for treatment, where her brother's family then lived. The difficult relationship with Stalin certainly played a role. But the worst thing for Alliluyeva was monstrous headaches that could lead to suicide ... Real facts are always less interesting than gossip.

From the author
Stalin and Khrushchev
Foreword
FOUR "PALACE COUPLES"
"GREAT LEAP" Nikita Khrushchev
THIS "EVIL" STALIN
COMMUNISM LIKE KHRUSHCHEV
"TBILISI", "NOVOCHERKASSK", "ORENBURG"...
BALTIC SYNDROME
COMPLEX POG
"CULT OF PERSONALITY"
THE MYSTERY OF KIROV'S DEATH
SUICIDE OF HOPE ALLILUEVA

SUICIDE OF HOPE ALLILUEVA
“After the death of Nadia, of course, my
personal life. But, nothing, courageous
man must always remain
courageous."
I.V. Stalin - mothers (E.G. Dzhugashvili).
March 24, 1934

On November 10, 1932, a short report appeared in the Pravda newspaper: “N.S. ALLILUEVA. On the night of November 9, an active and devoted member of the party, comrade Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva, died. Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.

In the same issue of the newspaper, under the heading “DEAR IN MEMORY OF FRIEND AND COMRADE NADEZHDA SERGEEVNA ALLILUEVA,” an obituary signed by Ekaterina Voroshilova, Polina Zhemchuzhina-Molotova, Zinaida Ordzhonikidze, Dora Khazan, Maria Kaganovich, Tatyana Postysheva, Ashkhen Mikoyan, K. Voroshilov, V Molotov, S. Ordzhonikidze, V. Kuibyshev, M. Kalinin, L. Kaganovich, P. Postyshev, A. Andreev, S. Kirov, A. Mikoyan, A. Yenukidze:

“A dear, close comrade to us, a man of a beautiful soul, has not become. A young Bolshevik woman, full of strength and infinitely devoted to the party and the revolution, left us.

Growing up in the family of a revolutionary worker, she connected her life with revolutionary work from an early age. Both during the years of the civil war at the front, and during the years of the expanded socialist construction, Nadezhda Sergeevna selflessly served the cause of the party, always modest and active in her revolutionary post. Demanding of herself, in recent years she has worked hard on herself, walking in the ranks of the most active comrades in her studies at the Industrial Academy.

The memory of Nadezhda Sergeevna as the most devoted Bolshevik, wife, close friend and faithful assistant to Comrade. Stalin will always be dear to us.

“I offer my heartfelt gratitude to organizations, institutions, comrades and individuals who expressed their condolences on the death of my close friend and comrade Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva-Stalina.”

The head of the Main Directorate of the Kremlin Guard, Lieutenant-General N.S. Vlasik, in his “Notes” recalls: “Stalin’s wife, Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva, a modest woman, rarely made any requests, dressed modestly, unlike the wives of many responsible workers. She studied at the Industrial Academy and paid much attention to children... In 1932, she died tragically. Joseph Vissarionovich deeply experienced the loss of his wife and friend. The children were still small, Comrade Stalin could not pay much attention to them due to his employment. I had to transfer the upbringing and care of children to Karolina Vasilievna (K.V. Til - the housekeeper of the Stalin family - L.B.) She was a cultured woman, sincerely attached to children.

Until 1929 - 1930, according to the memoirs of the daughter of I.V. Stalin Svetlana Alliluyeva, her mother ran the household herself, received rations and cards. There was a normal life in the house, which was led by the mistress of the house.

Nadezhda Sergeevna was born on September 22, 1901 in Baku, in the family of a revolutionary worker Sergei Yakovlevich Alliluyev, with whom I.V. Stalin had a long-standing warm relationship: so, even while in Turukhansk exile, Comrade Stalin kept in touch with the Alliluyevs, from whom he received parcels with warm clothes and money, and in the July days of 1917, V.I. hid in the Alliluyevs’ apartment for several days. Lenin, who was given a small room by the schoolgirl Nadya. In 1918, Nadezhda Alliluyeva married I.V. Stalin, whom she idolized. Then she joined the party, went with her husband to the Tsaritsyn Front, then worked in the secretariat of the Council of People's Commissars and Lenin's personal secretary, was his secretary on duty in Gorki during Ilyich's illness. She was an avid theatergoer.

Confessions of a nanny, or how was it?

Anna Sergeevna, Nadezhda's sister, said that in the very last weeks before her suicide, when Stalin's wife was graduating from the Industrial Academy, Nadezhda Sergeevna had a plan to go to Kharkov to find a job and live there. For Nadia, this became an obsessive thought, because she really wanted to free herself from her high position, which for some reason began to oppress her.

And soon came the tragic denouement. According to Svetlana's memoirs, the occasion itself was insignificant and did not make a special impression on anyone. Just a small incident at a celebratory banquet in honor of the 15th anniversary of October.
Stalin told her: “Hey, you. Drink!” And she suddenly cried out: “I don’t hey!” She got up and left the table in front of everyone. About how it all happened, Svetlana was told by her nanny shortly before her death. Svetlana Alliluyeva writes: “She did not want to take this with her, she wanted to cleanse her soul, to confess.”

The housekeeper Karolina Vasilievna Til always woke up Nadezhda in the morning, who was sleeping in her room. I.V. Stalin went to bed in his office or in a small room with a telephone, near the dining room. He slept there that night too, returning late from the same celebratory banquet from which Nadezhda had returned earlier. Early in the morning Karolina Vasilievna, as always, prepared breakfast in the kitchen and went to wake Nadezhda Sergeevna. Seeing that Alliluyeva was lying covered in blood near the bed itself, and that in her hand she had a small, almost silent Walter pistol, which her brother had once brought from Berlin, shaking with fear and unable to utter a word, she ran to the nursery and called the nanny. Decided I.V. Stalin did not wake up and went together to the bedroom. Both women put the body on the bed, put it in order.

Then they ran to call those who were closer to them - the head of security, Yenukidze, Polina Molotova, a close friend of Nadezhda. Soon everyone came running. Molotov and Voroshilov also came. Nobody could believe it. Finally, I.V. Stalin went into the dining room. “Joseph, Nadia is no longer with us,” they told him. This happened on the night of November 8-9, 1932. Stalin was shocked.
He said that he himself did not want to live anymore.

According to Svetlana, this story of the nanny can be trusted more than anyone else: “Firstly, because she was an absolutely unsophisticated person. Secondly, because this story was her confession, and a simple woman, a real Christian, can never lie in this case.

But the professional gossip Khrushchev, who always rehearsed from other people's words, never took the trouble to fully understand the issue before splashing it into history, writes: “Then people said that Stalin came to the bedroom, where he found Nadezhda Sergeevna dead, not one came, but with Voroshilov. Whether this was the case is hard to say. Why is it suddenly necessary to go to the bedroom with Voroshilov? And if a person wants to take a witness, then, then, he knew that she was no longer there? In a word, this side of the matter is still dark ... "Then there were still deaf gossip that Stalin himself killed her. There were such rumors, and I personally heard them. Apparently, Stalin knew about it. Since there were rumors, then, of course, the Chekists wrote down and reported. (Chr. T.1. S.52 - 53).

"Then people said"... "Is it really so, it's hard to say"... "This side of the matter is still obscure"... Yes, Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev turned out to be an ideal perjurer of History.

“You can’t put a scarf on every mouth”

On November 9, 1932, Professor Alexander Solovyov wrote in his diary: “Today is a hard day. When I came to the Industrial Academy to give a lecture, I found myself in great confusion. At night, the wife of Comrade Stalin, N.S., tragically died at home. Alliluyeva. She is much younger than him, in her thirties or so. She became a wife after the revolution, working as a young employee of the Central Committee. Now she studied for the last year at the Industrial Academy at the Faculty of Chemistry. She attended my lectures. At the same time she graduated from the Mendeleev Institute at the Faculty of Artificial Fiber. And this mysterious death.

There are a lot of talks and assumptions among the Promacademians. Some say that Comrade Stalin shot her. Long after midnight, he sat alone in his office writing papers. He heard a rustle behind him at the door, grabbed a revolver and fired. He became very suspicious, everything seems to be an attempt on him. And this is the wife. Immediately on the spot.

Others say they had big political differences. Alliluyeva accused him of cruelty to the opposition and dispossession. During the argument and passion, Comrade Stalin shot at her.

Still others claim that the misfortune was due to a family quarrel. Alliluyeva stood up for her father, an old Leninist, and for her older sister, a party member. She accused her husband of inadmissible heartless persecution of them for some disagreement with him. Tov. Stalin could not stand the reproaches and fired.

I found many other rumors and gossip.

They called from the Central Committee: to stop all conjectures and fabrications. Do what you have to do - study. (Quoted from the book by L. Mlechin "The Death of Stalin". M. 2003. S. 264 - 265).

As V. Alliluyev writes, “as for rumors and conjectures regarding the death of Nadezhda, they swirled even at that time. My mother often talked about this with Stalin, but he only shrugged his shoulders and answered: “You can’t put a scarf on every mouth.”

The conjectures of the exile Trotsky

But here Leon Trotsky gives his interpretation of the reason for the suicide of Nadezhda Alliluyeva: “On November 9, 1932, Alliluyeva died suddenly. She was only 30 years old. As for the reasons for her unexpected death, the Soviet newspapers were silent. In Moscow, they whispered that she shot herself, and talked about the reason. At the evening at Voroshilov's, in the presence of all the nobles, she allowed herself a critical remark about the peasant policy that led to famine in the countryside. Stalin loudly responded to her with the most rude abuse that exists in the Russian language. The Kremlin servant drew attention to the excited state of Alliluyeva when she returned to her apartment. After a while, a shot rang out from her room. Stalin received many expressions of sympathy and moved on to the agenda.

However, Khrushchev will also adopt the “political” version of Alliluyeva’s death. In the complete four-volume edition of Khrushchev’s “memoirs” (V.2. S. 436-437), we find the following lines: “It was 1932, when Stalin launched a giant all-Russian meat grinder - forced collectivization, when millions of peasant families were sent to concentration camps in inhuman conditions for extermination. Students of the Academy, people who came from the localities, saw with their own eyes this terrible rout of the peasantry. Of course, having learned that the new listener was Stalin's wife, they firmly closed their mouths. But
it gradually became clear that Nadia was an excellent person, a kind and sympathetic soul: they saw that she could be trusted. The tongues loosened, and they began to tell her what was really going on in the country (before, she could only read false and pompous reports in Soviet newspapers about brilliant victories on the agricultural front).

Nadia was horrified and rushed to share her information with Stalin. I imagine how he accepted her - he never hesitated to call her a fool and an idiot in disputes. Stalin, of course, claimed that her information was false and that it was counter-revolutionary propaganda.
"But all the witnesses say the same thing." - "All?" Stalin asked. “No,” answered Nadia, “only one says that all this is not true. But he obviously prevaricates and says this out of cowardice, this is the secretary of the academy cell - Nikita Khrushchev.
Stalin remembered this surname. In the ongoing disputes at home, Stalin, arguing that the statements cited by Nadia were unfounded, demanded that she give names: then it would be possible to verify that their testimonies were true. Nadia gave the names of her interlocutors. If she had any more doubts about what Stalin was, then they were the last. All listeners who trusted her were arrested and shot.

Shocked, Nadia finally understood with whom she connected her life, yes, probably, and what communism is; and shot herself.
Of course, I was not a witness to what was told here; but I understand its end according to the data that have come down to us ”(highlighted by me to show what a dreamer the political pygmy Nikita Khrushchev was - L.B.).

Why not assume that Nikita Khrushchev was the true culprit in the death of Nadezhda Alliluyeva? Let us assume that the facts of dissatisfaction with the policy of collectivization and industrialization really took place in the Industrial Academy and that Alliluyeva, out of the simplicity of her soul, shared this information with Stalin. But it was not Nadia who named the names of her interlocutors. Only one person could do this - the secretary of the party cell of the academy - Nikita Khrushchev, whose name has already been engraved in the memory of I.V. Stalin, as the name of a person "cowardly and who can prevaricate." It is clear that the "dissidents" believed that Alliluyeva "surrendered" them, but she shot herself, and the true "informer" made himself a dizzying political career.

Dirty "truth" of fiction...

About Khrushchev, one of his contemporary wrote: “The history of the question did not exist for him, he usually saw one, two sides of the subject - quite random, but somehow attractive, he did not suspect about a whole tangle of connections ... He kept forgetting and omitted something that seemed impossible to miss or forget, all the time exaggerated or underestimated such things, the true dimensions of which were obvious.

The fact that Khrushchev was a man of a narrow-minded mind is also evidenced by the fact that in the same “memoirs”, in addition to the version described above, where Khrushchev explains Alliluyeva’s suicide with political reasons, he gives another, perhaps the most vile version: “We buried Alliluyeva. Stalin looked saddened as he stood at her grave. I do not know what was in his soul, but outwardly he mourned. After Stalin's death, I learned the story of Alliluyeva's death. Of course, this story is not documented in any way.
Vlasik, Stalin's head of security, said that after the parade everyone went to dine with the military commissar Kliment Voroshilov in his large apartment. After parades and other similar events, everyone usually went to Voroshilov for dinner.

The parade commander and some members of the Politburo went there directly from Red Square. Everyone drank, as usual on such occasions. Finally everyone dispersed. Stalin also left. But he didn't go home.

It was too late. Who knows what time it was. Nadezhda Sergeevna began to worry. She began looking for him, calling one of the dachas. And she asked the duty officer if Stalin was there. “Yes,” he replied. “Comrade Stalin is here.” - "Who's with him?" - He replied that a woman was with him, called her name. It was the wife of a military man, Gusev, who was also at that dinner. When Stalin left, he took her with him. I was told that she is very beautiful. And Stalin slept with her at this dacha, and Alliluyeva learned about it from the officer on duty.

In the morning - when, I don’t know for sure - Stalin arrived home, but Nadezhda Sergeevna was no longer alive. She didn't leave any note, and if there was a note, we were never told about it.

Later, Vlasik said: “That officer is an inexperienced fool. She asked him, and he took it and told her everything. Then there were rumors that perhaps Stalin killed her. This version is not very clear, the first one seems more plausible.”
Chr. T.1 S.53-54

And the pure truth of the fact.

The “plausible”, that is, “like the truth” version is not the truth itself. And most often it is in the toga of plausibility that the most malicious lies are dressed up. From beginning to end, the so-called “memoirs” of Khrushchev, who had some kind of pathological hatred of I.V., seem to me like that. Stalin, and even expressed much deeper than that of the greatest antagonist I.V. Stalin-Trotsky, although the latter can rightfully be considered the founder of anti-Stalinism.

Here is Leiba Bronstein, aka Trotsky, lives in 1932 and is engaged in subversive activities abroad against the Soviet state, its leaders and personally I.V. Stalin.

He feeds on "gossip" and "rumors" circulating in Moscow among his like-minded people. They told him about the "political" nature of the public scandal in the family of the General Secretary, and he believed: well, what to take from the exile?

But with Khrushchev, the demand is different. How can one believe him that he learned the "story of Alliluyeva's death" only after the "death of Stalin", when it was to her, Nadezhda Sergeevna, and Stalin's respect for her memory, that he owed his dizzying rise to the political Red Olympus? (Unknown to anyone, young Khrushchev, a worker from the Donbass, having become the secretary of the party cell of the Industrial Academy, managed to impress the listener Alliluyeva, and then get the favor of Stalin himself - L.B.).

Khrushchev could not help but know how shocked the leader was by the death of his beloved Tatka, to whom he wrote such tender letters, receiving no less touching answers.

Khrushchev could not help but know that after that fateful day, at the request of Stalin, he and Bukharin exchanged Kremlin apartments, since the leader could not live within the walls, where everything reminded him of the recent tragic event.

Khrushchev could not help but know that until the end of his life, Stalin kept in a conspicuous place photographs of Nadezhda Sergeevna - one in the Kremlin apartment and two - in the country: in the dining room and in the office.

Khrushchev could not have been unaware that Iosif Vissarionovich, who suffered from chronic insomnia, sometimes at night asked the driver to quietly drive him to the Novodevichy cemetery, where the ashes of his wife were buried, and sat for a long time, indulging in inconsolable grief, on a marble bench, which is still stands opposite the magnificent marble monument erected by his order, built by the famous symbolist I. Shadr.

V.M. Molotov recalled her funeral: “I never saw Stalin cry. And here, at the coffin of Alliluyeva, I see how tears rolled down from him. Stalin wrote to his mother in March 1934: “After Nadia's death, of course, my personal life is hard. But nothing, a courageous person must always remain courageous.

According to Khrushchev, this fateful event did not take place on the night of November 8-9, that is, in fact, on November 9 (by the way, Trotsky also mentions this date), but on the morning of November 8, since the banquet at Voroshilov, according to Khrushchev, took place immediately after a festive demonstration in honor of the 15th anniversary of October.

The dirty scene when, in front of her husband, an officer of the Red Army, an authoritative politician, a world-class personality, the great leader of the Soviet people, like a depraved merchant, takes his beautiful wife to bed - this is the fruit of Khrushchev's sexual fantasies. The fictitious conversation of the “inexperienced fool” of the duty officer with Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva is also unconvincing, and the reference to Lieutenant General N.S. Vlasik, whom, according to Stalin's bodyguard A. Rybin, "in 1952, Khrushchev, together with Beria, put him behind bars, and after his release he settled in a communal apartment, where the dishonored old man soon died of grief." Well, not in prison and not in a communal apartment, Vlasik could tell Khrushchev "juicy details" of events more than 20 years ago. Laughter, and more!

In the same book “Next to Stalin” we can read such evidence of the relentless “shadow of Stalin” - Alexei Trofimovich Rybin: “In moral terms, the leader was pure like no other. AFTER THE DEATH OF MY WIFE, I LIVED AS A MONK.

V.I. Lenin’s assistant, who fled abroad, the author of the book “Memoirs of Stalin’s Former Secretary”, wrote that after the death of his wife “one more was added to his many“ phobias ”- sexophobia”

Alliluyeva's marriage cannot be called happy. Stalin was most often busy with work. He spent most of his time in the Kremlin. His wife clearly lacked his attention. She left him several times with her children, and shortly before her death she even announced her intention to move to relatives after graduating from the Industrial Academy.

Of course, she was aware of her husband's affairs. In her presence, on December 23, 1922, the duty secretary of V.I. “It was late,” recalls M. Volodchieva, “when I returned to the secretariat. I sat there depressed for a long time, trying to comprehend everything I heard from Lenin. His letter seemed very disturbing to me. that Lenin dictated to me an extremely important letter to the next congress of the party, and asked what to do, whether to show it to someone, perhaps to Stalin? did.

In Stalin's apartment, I saw him himself, Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva, S. Ordzhonikidze, N.I. Bukharin, Nazaretian...
It was important for me to bring to the attention of Stalin that although Vladimir Ilyich was bedridden, he was cheerful, his speech flowed cheerfully and clearly. I got the impression that Stalin was inclined to explain Lenin's "Letter to the Congress" by Ilyich's ill state. "Burn the letter," he told me.

In this letter, as is known, V.I. Lenin categorically expressed his condemnation of the behavior of I.V. Stalin, who was rude towards N.K. Krupskaya:

"Do you agree to take back what was said and apologize or do you prefer to break off relations between us?"
In Stalin's response to this letter, one can see his attitude towards his own wife. Here is what M. Volodchieva writes:
“I passed the letter (from Lenin to Stalin) from hand to hand. I asked Stalin to write a letter to Vladimir Ilyich, because he is waiting for an answer, he is worried. Stalin read the letter while standing, right there, with me. His face remained calm. uttered slowly, distinctly pronouncing each word, making pauses between them: “This is not Lenin speaking, this is his illness speaking. I am not a doctor. I am a politician. I am Stalin. If my wife, a member of the party, did wrong and she was punished, I would not consider myself entitled to interfere in this matter. And Krupskaya is a member of the party. Since Vladimir Ilyich insists, I am ready to apologize to Krupskaya for being rude."

What his wife, Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva, discovered for herself in Stalin, and what she knew about him that made her life impossible, will probably never be known. Her psyche could not stand it, and on the night of November 8-9, 1932, a fatal shot occurred.

Watch in advance "Logicology - about the fate of man".

Consider the FULL NAME code tables. \If there is a shift in numbers and letters on your screen, adjust the image scale\.

1 13 25 35 47 67 73 76 77 91 92 97 103 111 116 117 135 141 158 162 168 174 177 191 192
A L L I L U E V A N A D E J D A S E R G E E V N A
192 191 179 167 157 145 125 119 116 115 101 100 95 89 81 76 75 57 51 34 30 24 18 15 1

14 15 20 26 34 39 40 58 64 81 85 91 97 100 114 115 116 128 140 150 162 182 188 191 192
N A D E J D A S E R G E E V N A A L L I L U E V A
192 178 177 172 166 158 153 152 134 128 111 107 101 95 92 78 77 76 64 52 42 30 10 4 1

Let's read individual words and sentences:

ALLILUEVA \u003d 77 \u003d YARMO, ACTION, FATAL \ th \, DEprivation \ e \, KILL, HONOR.

NADEZHDA SERGEEVNA \u003d 115 \u003d PISTOL, DEATH, BUILDERING, STRESSOV \ I \, FURIOUS \ awn \, DESTROY.

115 - 77 \u003d 38 \u003d BUSINESS, KHAN, PLI, SUICIDE \ e \, DESPERATE \ e \, UPRUDE \ st \, KILL \ nie \, KRI \ zis \.

HALLELUE HOPE = 117 = LIQUIDATION, SUFFERING, DESTROYING, INEVITABLE, SHOT \ I \, TO DEATH.

SERGEEVNA \u003d 75 \u003d HEART, RUPTURE, NERVOUS, BATTLE, BREAK.

117 - 75 \u003d 42 \u003d EXTRACT, KILL \ property \, FATA \ flax \.

SERGEEVNA ALLILUEVA \u003d 152 \u003d INJURED, Frustrated \ in \, SHOOTED.

HOPE \u003d 40 \u003d TICK, HEAD, NEVR \ asthenia \.

152 - 40 \u003d 112 \u003d HYSTERIA, EVILITY, FATAL, BATTLE.

The resulting three check digits 38, 42 and 112 are inserted into the FULL NAME code and read:

192 \u003d 38-KHAN + 154-\ 42 + 112 \ \u003d 38-KHAN + 154-KILLING, FIREARM \ th \.

192 = 42-IZVOD + 150-\ 38 + 112 \ = 42-IZVOD + 150-SENSITIVITY, PISTOL, DESTROYER, INEVITABILITY.

192 = 112-EVILITY + 80-\ 38 + 42 \ = 112-EVILITY + 80-AFFECT, DESTROYED, BULLET, BEAT \I\.

192 \u003d 117-DESTROYING + 75-HEART \u003d 79-WOMAN + 113-SUICIDE \u003d FIRE.

Code DATE OF DEATH: 11/9/1932. This = 9 + 11 + 19 + 32 = 71 = SUIC \id \ = 3-B + 68-UPOR.

192 = 71-SUICIDE \ id \ + 121-SUICIDE, SHOOT \ id \.

198 = inevitability, detachment, unsustainable = 96-HONOR, STRESS + 102-DEATH = 96-CARRYING + 102-DEATH = 104-BURST + 94-PATIENCE = 75-HEART + 52-KILL + 3-B + 68-STOP.

Code of the full number of YEARS OF LIFE = 123-THIRTY, DISASTER, HEART + 44-ONE, DAMAGE = 167.

167 = DEATH, SELF-DESTRUCTION, PISTOL, humiliation, DISCREDITATION = 105-FAMILY + 62-SCANDAL = 44-DAMAGE + 52-KILL + 3-B + 68-UPOR.

192 \u003d 167-THIRTY ONE + 25-BEZZH \ worn out \.

192 = 131-SHOT + 3-B + 58-SELF = 90-BULLET + 102-DEATH.

So we've established that it was SUICIDE. The reason for it could be the reasons mentioned above. The main thing that we can take into account is the ensuing alienation in the family after fifteen years of marriage. Apparently, NADEZHDA ALLILUEVA began to become weary of life with STALIN in the public eye, left him several times with her children, and after graduating from the Industrial Academy intended to move in with her relatives. Yes, and the character of STALIN, as we know, was not sugar.
Let's try with the help of LOGICOLOGY to find out what was the trigger mechanism that led to tragic consequences.

192 = 79-LOSS + 113-CONFLICT = 73-HUMBLED + 40-"HEY + 47-YOU + 32-DRINK!" = 91-BROKEN + 101-SHUMBLED = 10-FOR + 88-SHUMBLED + 94-SCORE = 58-CHALLENGE + 61-HUSBAND + 10-FOR + 63-SCLAW = 94-DEATH + 10-FOR + 88-SHUMBLING = 78 -AMAZED + 72-NAUGHTER + 42-HUSBAND = 41-HUSBAND + 102-VULTILE + 49-WORDS = 72-SHAME + 120-PUBLIC = 63-DEATH + 34-FROM + 95-BELIEF = 85-REVENGE + 10-FOR + 97-ABILITY = 3-B + 33-ANGER + 10-FOR + 104-FUNNY + 42-HUSBAND = 3-B + 53-HORROR + 10-FOR + 123-INSULT, BLESSING = 3-B + 53-HORROR + 34-FROM + 60-GREAT + 42-HUSBAND = 79-AFFECT + 113-CONFLICT, SUICIDE = 126-INSULT + 66-BREAKING = 60-BREAK + 132-SHOT = 3-B + 57-PICU + 132-SHOT = 60-BREAK + 62-LEAVING + 19-FROM + 51-LIFE = 3-TO + 57-PICU + 62-LEAVING + 19-FROM + 51-LIFE = 115-ANGRY, GUN + 77-HONOR, ACTION, KILL = 57-NEGATIVE + 77-KILL + 58-SELF = 100-DOOM, REACTION + 34-FROM + 58-BULLETS = 77-ACT + 3-AT + 57-PICU + 55-NAME, DIE = 92-DIFFERENCE + 100 -REACTION = 91-BATTLE + 101-SKILL = 130-FURIOUS + 62-SHUTTER = 119-DOWN + 73-DIE = 3-IN + 33-ANGER + 78-BULLET + 3-IN + 75 -HEART = 110-PROTEST + 82-REBELL, SHOT = 162-PROTEST + 30-STEP = 35-FIGHT + 157-SUICIDE = 3-IN + 57-SHOCK + 62-EXIT + 19-FROM + 51-LIFE = 33 -GREAT + 15-ON + 42-HUSBAND + 102-ANGRY, DEATH = 39-NO +111-TERROR + 42-HUSBAND = 112-WITCH, SHOCKED + 80-KILL, BULLET = 144-SUICIDE + 3-B + 45 -FUSE = 86-SOLUTION, SUICIDE + 15-ON + 91-RUDE = 3-IN + 33-ANGER + 114-RESPOND + 42-MOVE = 73-HUMBLEED + 58-CHALLENGE + 61-HUSBAND = 46-SURRENDED + 68 -NERVES + 78-BULLETS = 81-BEHAVIOR + 42-HUSBAND + 69-FIGHT, END = 43-IMPACT + 107-FATHER + 42-HUSBAND = 107-FATHER, ABOMINATION, ABOMINATION + 42-HUSBAND + 11-C + 32 -SELF \u003d 124-RUDENESS + 68-NERVES \u003d 48-TONE + 116-ATTACK + 28-ANGER.

384 \u003d 2 X 192 \u003d 155-TRAMPED + 78-FEMALE + 151-Dignity.
384 \u003d 2 X 192 \u003d 110-PROTEST + 80-AGAINST + 42-HUSBAND + 62-TYRAN + 10-I + 80-DESPOT.

192 \u003d 29-WIFE + 121-REVIEW + 42-HUSBAND.

Let's go back to her notes. So, two women - a nanny and a housekeeper - were the first to see the body of Nadezhda Sergeevna near her bed, in her hand was a "Walter". They laid the body on the bed and cleaned it up. What did they start doing after that? Wake up Stalin? No. They began to call the head of security, Yenukidze, Alliluyeva's friend Polina Zhemchuzhina.

Strange, isn't it? In the same apartment, not far away, to the left of the dining room, a man is sleeping, whose wife has just been found dead with a gun in her hand, but they don’t wake him up, they don’t tell him anything. It is also strange that Pauker, Yenukidze, Zhemchuzhina come into the apartment one after another, Molotov and Voroshilov burst in, and the owner sleeps soundly. After all, they probably rang the doorbell, talked in the hallway, went into the room where the deceased lay, that is, they made noise. Did her husband not hear him? “Finally, my father went out to the dining room,” writes S. Alliluyeva. “Stalin was informed, he arrived quickly,” we read in the version of a close friend of Yenukidze.

There is a contradiction. It would have tormented historians for a long time if, unexpectedly, one of the most authoritative magazines in the West - the American "Time" - did not publish in its issue of October 1, 1990 excerpts from a new book of memoirs by N. S. Khrushchev. This book includes fragments that, for one reason or another, did not get into the previous editions published abroad, which were based on the text recorded by him on tape. The title of the new book is Khrushchev Remembers: Films of Glasnost. The duration of the tape recordings on which it is based is more than a hundred hours. The preface to The Times says that Khrushchev's family and friends feared that the former Kremlin leader sometimes went too far in his complaints about the flaws of the Soviet system, in his condemnation of those political leaders who were still alive, and in stories about what the authorities considered would be state secrets. And in order to avoid serious consequences, relatives and friends held back some of the tapes. And now the magazine got them at its disposal.

“After Stalin's death, I learned the story of Alliluyeva's death,” says N. S. Khrushchev. - Of course, this story is not documented in any way. Vlasik, Stalin's head of security, said that after the parade everyone went to dine with the military commissar Kliment Voroshilov in his large apartment. After parades and other similar events, everyone usually went to Voroshilov for dinner.

The parade commander and some members of the Politburo went there directly from Red Square. Everyone drank, as usual on such occasions. Finally everyone dispersed. Stalin also left. But he didn't go home.

It was too late. Who knows what time it was. Nadezhda Sergeevna began to worry. She began looking for him, calling one of the dachas. And she asked the duty officer if Stalin was there.

Yes, he replied. - Comrade Stalin is here.

Who is with him?

He said that a woman was with him, he called her name. It was the wife of a military man, Gusev, who was also at that dinner. When Stalin left, he took her with him. I was told that she is very beautiful. And Stalin slept with her at this dacha, and Alliluyeva learned about it from the officer on duty.

In the morning - when, I don’t know for sure - Stalin came home, but Nadezhda Sergeevna was no longer alive. She didn't leave any note, and if there was a note, we were never told about it.

Vlasik later said:

That officer is an inexperienced fool. She asked him, and he took it and told her everything.

Then there were rumors that perhaps Stalin killed her. This version is not very clear, the first one seems more plausible. In the end, Vlasik was his bodyguard."

The following fact also speaks in favor of the version of suicide: in a difficult moment for Stalin, the relatives of his wife did not turn away from him, on the contrary, they sympathized with him in every possible way, tried to drown out the pain, help to survive it.

Khrushchev saw Alliluyeva for the last time on November 7, 1932, forty hours before her death. They stood side by side on the podium of the Lenin Mausoleum and talked. It was a cold, windy day. As usual, Stalin was in his military overcoat. The top button is not fastened. Alliluyeva looked at him and said: “My husband is again without a scarf. Get cold and sick."

Two days later, Kaganovich gathered the secretaries of the Central Committee and announced that Nadezhda Sergeevna had died suddenly. And a day or two later, he again gathered the same people and said: Stalin asked me to tell you what really happened. It was not a natural death. Alliluyeva committed suicide. “He didn't give any details and we didn't ask any questions,” Khrushchev recalls. - We buried Alliluyeva. Stalin looked sad. I don’t know what was in his soul, but outwardly he mourned.”

His grief was also special, Stalinist. He thought not of his wife, but of himself. He felt punished and could not understand why he was given such a terrible blow to the back.

The suicide letter left to him by his wife was full of accusations and reproaches. It did not survive, it was immediately destroyed. It is assumed that it was not entirely personal.

(THIS WAS NOT A LETTER, BUT RYUTIN'S PROGRAM.)

Among the nomenklatura workers in the Russian hinterland, and especially among their wives, there was at one time a beautiful legend that Stalin came every week at night to the Novodevichy cemetery and, by the light of a searchlight, spent several hours in solitude above the mound near the wonderful tombstone. This is not true. Stalin was never at the grave of his wife, and the monument was commissioned and erected by the Alliluyev family.

Only at the very end of his life did he begin to speak softer about his wife, large photographs of her appeared in his office and dining room at the dacha and in the Kremlin apartment. Has your conscience spoken? Who knows…

From the letters of N. Alliluyeva to I. Stalin

“Hello, Joseph!

I am very happy for you that you feel better in Sochi. How am I doing with the Promacademy? This morning I had to go to the Industrial Academy by 9 o'clock, I, of course, left at 8.30. And what - the tram went bad. I was waiting for the bus - there is none! Then I decided, in order not to be late, to take a taxi ... Having driven a hundred fathoms, the car stopped. She, too, had something wrong. All this made me laugh terribly. In the end, at the Academy, I waited two hours for the start of the exam ...

(Unbelievable! The General Secretary's wife rode a tram around the city. Without security!)

“Something from you no news lately ... I heard about you from a young interesting woman that you look great. She saw you at Kalinin's at dinner, which was wonderfully cheerful and made everyone laugh, embarrassed by your person. Very happy".

(Bah, yes, it already seems to be jealousy! The husband is on vacation in Sochi, she is in Moscow.)

From the story of Nadezhda Stalina

(Nadezhda Vasilievna Stalina - daughter of Vasily Stalin and Galina Burdonskaya. Died in 1999)

Anna Sergeevna Alliluyeva, grandmother's sister, spoke about this evening. Nadya usually walked strictly - with a bun, but here she made a new hairstyle, fashionable ... Someone from Germany brought her a black dress, and it had applications with roses. It was November, but she ordered a tea rose for this dress, she had it in her hair. And she twirled in this dress in front of Anna Sergeevna and asked: “Well, how?” Someone was taking a lot of care of her that evening. And her grandfather said something rude to her ... She came and closed ... and grandfather went to the dacha. In the morning, when they went to knock on her room and found her dead ... the rose that was in her hair lay on the floor in front of the door. She dropped it as she ran into the room. That is why the sculptor placed a marble rose on the tombstone...

From the story of Molotov to the poet Chuev

“- The cause of Alliluyeva's death is jealousy, of course ... There was a big company in Voroshilov's apartment. Stalin rolled up a ball of bread and, in front of everyone, threw this ball at Yegorov's wife. I saw it, and as if it played a role ... She was a little psychopath at the time. Since that evening, she left with my wife. They walked around the Kremlin, and she complained to my wife: “I don’t like it, I don’t like it ... and why did he flirt like that?” And everything was simple: he drank a little, joked, but it worked on her ...

Disclaimer: Russia Beyond has a sharply negative attitude towards the actions and deeds of Joseph Stalin. The text below is purely historical in nature.

Katya Svanidze: wife from a poor family

About Stalin's first wife, Ekaterina Svanidze, they said that when her husband's friends appeared in the house, she hid under the table from embarrassment.

Katya met Stalin thanks to her brother Alexander - they studied together at the Tiflis Theological Seminary. 24-year-old Stalin fell in love and wanted to marry Katya, a Georgian from a poor family, who at that time was 16 years old. He received consent, but with one condition - to get married in a church.

Batum Gendarme Administration; public access

In 1906 they got married, and in the same year Katya gave birth to a son, Yakov. But already in 1907 she died. According to one version - from tuberculosis, according to another - from typhoid fever. Stalin, according to eyewitnesses, was so depressed that at the funeral he jumped into the grave after the coffin.

True, love did not save his wife's relatives. In the 1930s, Katya's brother and Stalin's classmate was repressed and died in custody, as did his wife Maria. She died in exile from a broken heart when she learned of her husband's death.

Maria and Lida: a romance in exile

After Katya's death, Revolutionary Stalin was exiled five times in Siberia, and at least twice had an affair with the women from whom he rented a room. One of them was called Maria Kuzakova. In 1911, a young widow with children let Stalin into her house, they began a relationship and she became pregnant. But already in 1912, Stalin's exile ended and he continued his revolutionary activities away from Siberia. He did not wait for the birth of his son Kostya.

Public Access/Getty Images

The other woman's name was Lida Pereprygina. The peasant woman Lida at the time of the affair with the 37-year-old Stalin was only 14 years old. He lodged with her from 1914 to 1916, and during this time the girl gave birth to two. The first one died. The second was born in April 1917 and was recorded as Alexander Dzhugashvili (under Stalin's real name). In the village, Stalin was persecuted for the molestation of a minor, and he had to give his word that he would marry Lida. But as soon as the term of exile expired, Stalin left the village.

Both women subsequently wrote to Stalin and asked for help, but received no response from him. Instead, in the 1930s, they were required to sign a non-disclosure agreement for the "secret origin" of their children.

Nadezhda Alliluyeva: a shot in the heart

Stalin lived with his second wife for 12 years. He remembered Nadezhda as a little girl, as he spent a lot of time with her mother Olga, a married woman, in Baku. According to some testimonies, he saved little Nadya when she fell into the sea from the Baku embankment.

However, they met closely when 37-year-old Joseph Stalin returned from Siberian exile. Nadia was 16 years old, she fell in love without memory. They got married two years later. Contemporaries said that in this marriage there was love and strong feelings. But, in the end, it all ended in suicide. Nadezhda shot herself in the heart with a Walther pistol in 1931. The housekeeper found it on the floor by her bed.

According to one version, she was going through a deep crisis due to her husband's cruelty. “Nadya, in the presence of Joseph, resembled a fakir who performs in the circus barefoot on broken glass with a smile for the public and with terrible tension in his eyes. She never knew what would happen next, what kind of explosion, ”her close friend Irina Gogua.

Another version that was rumored was that Stalin, during another quarrel, had thrown to his wife “Do you know that you are my daughter?” Journalist Olga Kuchkina, whose relatives were friends with Alliluyeva, writes about this. Nadezhda Alliluyeva herself, at the request of Stalin, had an abortion ten times.

Olga Lepeshinskaya and Vera Davydova: love from the stage

"Ballerinas and typists". So about the addictions of the Soviet elite Maria Svanidze in her diary. It was said that among Stalin's ballerinas, Olga Lepeshinskaya was a favorite, although she herself never recognized the connection. Only one thing was obvious: he liked to visit the Bolshoi Theater when her name was on the posters. Stalin gave her flowers, invited her to receptions. Many years later, in 2004, she would say about it this way: “We [ballerinas] were all in love with him. He could be both very nice and very nice, but it probably just seemed. Because by nature he was a bad person - vindictive and evil.

There were fewer doubts about the opera singer Vera Davydova. The book "Confessions of Stalin's mistress" with her memoirs was published in London in 1983 (but is not recognized as Davydova's relatives). Their relationship, according to the book, lasted 19 years.

In 1932, at a reception in the Kremlin, married Davydova found a note in her possession. It said that a driver was waiting for her not far from the Kremlin. Davydov went to a mysterious meeting. She was taken to Stalin's home. After strong coffee, Stalin invited her to a room with a large low couch. He asked if he could put out the light, because it was better for conversation, and without waiting for an answer, turned it off. In subsequent meetings, he could simply say "Comrade Davydova, undress."

“How could I resist, refuse? At any second, just one word, my career could come to an end or I could be physically destroyed, ”she allegedly reasoned. Davydova, during her relationship with Stalin, received a warrant for a three-room apartment in Moscow and became a laureate of the Stalin Prize three times.

Valya Istomina: the last woman

Valya Istomina, Stalin's personal housekeeper, had to endure, perhaps, the most severe shock.

Initially, it was "intended" for General Nikolai Vlasik, Stalin's head of security. But many then were in love with her and wanted to court her, including Lavrenty Beria, the head of the NKVD. When Valya liked Stalin himself, everyone else retreated. The girl was transferred to his Moscow dacha in Kuntsevo: she personally set the table for him and made the bed before going to bed.

Public Access/Global Look Press

The drama happened seventeen years later, when Stalin fell ill, and Valya did not go to him. Then it turned out that Vlasik and Beria had been forced into close relations with her by force. Having learned about the "treason", Stalin will give the order to exile Valya to the most sinister camp in Kolyma, in Magadan. Vlasik will also be arrested and sent to the camp, but Beria has not been touched yet.

Luckily for Valya, when she arrives at the camp, she is informed that the order has been changed and she is being sent back. They say that Stalin was too tormented by her absence.

After Stalin's death, his daughter Svetlana Alliluyeva wrote about Valya in "Twenty Letters to a Friend": "She knelt down near the sofa, fell with her head on the dead man's chest and cried out loud, like in a village. ... Until her last days, she will be convinced that there was no better person in the world than my father.

Wives and mistresses of Stalin. Stalin's own children and adopted son

Not much is known about Stalin's first wife, Ekaterina. And quite a bit the spouses had a chance to live together. Some historians and psychologists believe that Stalin did not like his eldest son Yakov, convinced that it was his birth that undermined the health and strength of poor Kato, untimely bringing her to the grave.

Stalin's first wife - Ekaterina Svanidze

The second time the harsh underground Koba decided to tie the knot after the revolution. His wife was Nadezhda Alliluyeva, the daughter of his old friends, to whom Stalin wrote as cheerful letters as possible even from Turukhansk exile.

For Olga Evgenievna.

I am very, very grateful to you, dear Olga Evgenievna, for your kind and pure feelings towards me. I will never forget your caring attitude towards me! I am waiting for the moment when I will be released from exile and, having arrived in St. Petersburg, I will personally thank you, as well as Sergey, for everything. After all, I only have two years left.

I've received the parcel. Thanks to. I ask only one thing - do not spend more on me: you yourself need the money. I will also be pleased if you send open letters from time to time with views of nature and so on. In this accursed region, nature is scarce to the point of ugliness - in the summer the river, in the winter the snow, that's all that nature gives here - and I foolishly yearned for the views of nature, even on paper.

My regards guys and girls. I wish them all the best.

I live like before. I feel good. He is quite healthy - he must be used to the local nature. And our nature is harsh: three weeks ago, the frost reached 45 degrees.

Until the next letter.

Yours, Joseph November 5, 1915

S. Rybas, talking about the defense of Tsaritsyn and Stalin's ruthlessness at that time, notes: “His loneliness was brightened up by his seventeen-year-old wife Nadezhda, he got married to her in a civil marriage in March, just on the eve of the Council of People's Commissars moving to Moscow. (They will register the marriage only after a year.)

Hope had a strong character, Stalin was not as easy with her as it might seem at first glance. She and her husband were connected not only by childhood and girlish impressions of a romantic hero who often appeared in her parents’ apartment, but also by an almost mystical connection: he saved her life when, as a small child, she fell off the embankment in Baku and almost drowned: Koba threw himself into the sea and pulled him out. Her saved life was partly his now.

In Tsaritsyn, Nadezhda worked in Stalin's secretariat and saw to the smallest detail his daily cruel work. In relation to the case, their views completely coincided.

Finally, the civil war ended and it became possible to equip not a camping, but an ordinary life. There is a lot of evidence that Stalin really liked the role of the head of the family. Nadezhda gave birth to her husband two children - son Vasily in 1921 and daughter Svetlana five years later.

“In the Kremlin, at the Trinity Gate, in house 2 on Kommunisticheskaya Street, the Stalin family occupied a small apartment, where all the rooms were walk-throughs,” Rybas reconstructs the life of the leader. - It is curious that in the hallway there was a tub of pickles, the owner loved them. Vasily and Artem (Stalin's adopted son, Artem Fedorovich Sergeev.) lived in the same room, the eldest son Yakov lived in the dining room. Stalin did not have his own workplace there. The furniture here was simple, the food too.”

Stalin with Nadezhda Alliluyeva

Stalin with his daughter Svetlana

Simple food was served according to an established ritual that the whole family willingly obeyed: “Dinner was unchanged. First, the cook Annushka Albukhina solemnly placed a tureen in the center of the table, in which the same grubs were served day after day - cabbage soup with cabbage and boiled meat. And for the first - cabbage soup, and for the second - boiled meat. For dessert - sweet, juicy fruits. Iosif Vissarionovich and Nadezhda Sergeevna drank Caucasian wine at dinner: Stalin respected this drink. But the real holiday for children were those rare cases when the grandmother, Stalin's mother, sent walnut jam from sunny Georgia. The owner of the house came home, put the parcel on the dining table, took out liter jars of delicacy: “Here, our grandmother sent this.” And he smiled into his mustache.

Nadezhda Sergeevna worked in the editorial office of the Revolution and Culture magazine attached to the Pravda newspaper, and in 1929 she began studying at the textile faculty.

The nephew of Stalin's wife, V.F. Alliluyev, claimed that his aunt had a complex character - she was quick-tempered, jealous of her husband and demanded constant attention from him, which Stalin, busy with party and state affairs, of course, could not give her. In addition, she suffered from frequent migraines, the reason for which many relatives and friends called the wrong structure of the bones of the skull. “Apparently, a difficult childhood was not in vain, Nadezhda developed a serious illness - ossification of the cranial sutures. The disease began to progress, accompanied by depression and headache attacks. All this had a noticeable effect on her mental state. She even went to Germany for a consultation with leading German neurologists… Nadezhda threatened to commit suicide more than once.” Although migraines and depression can be the result of both increased susceptibility and nervous overstrain ...

And with all this, the nephew of the leader's wife testifies that in the relationship between Stalin and his wife there was both sincerity and warmth. “... Once, after a party at the Industrial Academy, where Nadezhda studied, she came home completely ill from the fact that she drank some wine, she became ill. Stalin put her to bed, began to console her, and Nadezhda said: “But you still love me a little.” This phrase of hers, apparently, is the key to understanding the relationship between these two close people. Our family knew that Nadezhda and Stalin loved each other.”

Indeed, the correspondence between them reveals a warm relationship. These are the letters they exchanged in the autumn of 1930, when Stalin was vacationing in the south.

Got a letter. Books too. English self-instruction manual of Moscow (according to the Rosenthal method) I did not find here. Look well and come. I have already started my dental treatment. They removed the unusable tooth, grind the side teeth, and, in general, the work is in full swing. The doctor is thinking of finishing all my dental work by the end of September. I haven't gone anywhere and don't plan to go anywhere. I feel better. I'm definitely getting better. I send you lemons. You will need them. How are things with Vaska, Satanka?

Kisses hard, a lot, a lot. Your Joseph.

Hello Joseph!

Received a letter. Thank you for the lemons, of course, come in handy. We live well, but quite already in winter - tonight it was minus 7 Celsius. In the morning all the roofs were completely white with frost. It is very good that you bask in the sun and treat your teeth. In general, Moscow is all noisy, knocking, torn, etc., but all the same, everything is gradually getting better. The mood of the public (in trams and other public places) is tolerable - buzzing, but not evil. All of us in Moscow were amused by the arrival of the Zeppelin (the Rigid Airship Graf Zeppelin flew to Moscow on September 10, 1930): the spectacle was indeed worthy of attention. All Moscow stared at this wonderful car. Regarding the poet Demyan, everyone whined that he donated little, we deducted one-day earnings. I saw the new opera "Almas", where Maksakova absolutely exclusively danced the lezginka (Armenian), I have not seen a dance so artistically performed for a long time. I think you will like the dance very much, and the opera too. Yes, nevertheless, no matter how I searched for your copy of the textbook, I did not find it, I am sending another copy. Don't worry, I couldn't find it anywhere. In Zubalovo, the steam heating is already working, and in general everything is in order, obviously, they will finish soon. On the day the Zeppelin arrived, Vasya rode a bicycle from the Kremlin to the airfield across the city. He coped well, but, of course, he was tired. You are very smart not to travel around, it is risky in every way.

Kiss you. Nadya.

Hello Joseph!

How is your health? Comrades who arrived (Ukhanov and someone else) say that you look very bad and feel yourself. I know that you are getting better (this is from letters). On this occasion, the Molotovs attacked me with reproaches, how could I leave you alone and the like, in fact, completely fair things. I explained my departure by occupations, but in essence, this, of course, is not so. This summer, I did not feel that you would be pleased with the extension of my departure, but vice versa. Last summer it was very felt, but this is not. Of course, there was no point in remaining in such a mood, since this already changes the whole meaning and benefit of my stay. And I think that I did not deserve reproaches, but in their understanding, of course, yes. The other day I was at the Molotovs, at his suggestion, to get information. It is very good. Because otherwise I only know what is in print. In general, there is little pleasant. As for your arrival, Abel says t. t., I didn’t see him, that you will return at the end of October; are you going to sit there for that long? Answer, if you are not very dissatisfied with my letter, but by the way, as you wish.

Good luck. Kiss. Nadya.

Received a package from you. I am sending you peaches from our tree. I am healthy and feel the best. It is possible that Ukhanov saw me on the very day when Shapiro sharpened eight (8!) of my teeth at once, and my mood was then, perhaps, unimportant. But this episode has nothing to do with my health, which I consider to have recovered radically. Only people who do not know the business can reproach you for taking care of me. In this case, the Molotovs turned out to be such people. Tell the Molotovs for me that they made a mistake about you and committed injustice. As for your assumption about the undesirability of your stay in Sochi, then your reproaches are just as unfair as the reproaches of the Molotovs about you are unfair. Yes, Tatka. I will arrive, of course, not at the end of October, but much earlier, in mid-October, as I told you in Sochi. In the form of conspiracy, I started a rumor through Poskrebyshev that I could only come at the end of October. Abel, apparently, fell victim to such a rumor. I don't want you to call about it. Tatka, Molotov and, it seems, Sergo know about the date of my arrival. Well, all the best.

Kisses hard and a lot. Your Joseph.

P.S. How are the guys?

Hello Joseph!

Once again I start with the same - I received a letter. I'm glad you're doing well in the southern sun. It’s not bad in Moscow now either, the weather has improved, but there is a certain autumn in the forest. The day goes by quickly. As long as everyone is healthy. Well done for eight teeth. I compete with my throat, Professor Sverzhevsky performed an operation on me, cut out 4 pieces of meat, I had to lie down for four days, and now I can say that I have come out of a complete repair. I feel good, I even got better while lying with my throat. The peaches were amazing. Is it from that tree? They are remarkably beautiful. Now, with all your reluctance, you will soon have to return to Moscow, we are waiting for you, but we are not in a hurry, have a better rest.

Hello. Kiss you. Nadya.

P.S. Yes, Kaganovich was very pleased with the apartment and took it. In general, I was touched by your attention. Just returned from the conference of drummers, where Kaganovich spoke. Very good, as well as Yaroslavsky. After there was "Carmen" - under the direction of Golovanov, wonderful. ON THE.

…Something from you no news lately. I asked Dvinsky about the mail, he said that he had not been there for a long time. Probably, the trip to the quail carried away or just too lazy to write. And in Moscow there is already a snow blizzard. Now it's spinning all over. In general, the weather is very strange, cold. Poor Muscovites will feel cold, because until 15.X. Moskvotop gave the order not to drown. Patients are invisible. We are engaged in a coat, because otherwise you have to tremble all the time. In general, things are going well for me. I feel very good too. In a word, now I have already passed the fatigue from my "round the world" trip, and in general, the affairs that caused all this fuss also gave a sharp improvement. I heard about you from an interesting young woman that you look great, she saw you at Kalinin's at dinner, which was wonderfully cheerful and disturbed everyone, embarrassed by your person. Very happy. Well, don't be angry for the stupid letter, but I don't know if you should write in Sochi about boring things, which, unfortunately, are enough in Moscow life. Get well soon. Good luck. Kiss. Nadya.

P.S. Zubalovo is absolutely ready, it turned out very, very well.

Got your letter. You've been praising me lately. What does it mean? Good or bad? I have no news, unfortunately. I live well, I expect the best. We've got bad weather here, damn it. I'll have to flee to Moscow. You're hinting at some of my trips. I inform you that I have not gone anywhere (absolutely anywhere!) and I am not going to go.

Kisses a lot, hard, a lot. Your Joseph.

Quite a few such letters have been preserved, sometimes with touching postscripts from children to “daddy”. Stalin's adopted son, Artem Sergeev, recalled that Iosif Vissarionovich did not cause any fear in the children and was very calm about the inevitable pranks. Once Artyom managed to pour tobacco into a tureen. When Stalin tried the resulting muck, he began to find out who had done it. And he said to Artyom: “Have you tried it yourself? Try. If you like it, go to Karolina Georgievna, so that she always adds tobacco to cabbage soup. And if you don't like it, don't do it again!"

And Zubalovo, about which Nadezhda writes, is the favorite country house of the leader. “In 1919, Stalin occupied an empty red-brick house with Gothic turrets, surrounded by a two-meter brick fence,” Rybas writes. - The dacha was two-story, Stalin's office and bedroom were on the second floor. On the first floor there were two more bedrooms, a dining room and a large veranda. About thirty meters from the house there was an office building, where the kitchen, garage, security room were located. From there, a covered gallery led to the main building.

Numerous relatives lived in Stalin's house - the elder Alliluyevs, their children and other relatives with their children and household members. Party comrades came to visit. Svetlana later said that this family home circle allowed her father to have a constant source of "incorruptible impartial information." But above all, he rested in this circle with his soul and simply enjoyed life.

I. Stalin, Svetlana and L. Beria in the leader's country house

“Our estate was transformed endlessly,” Svetlana recalled. - Father immediately cleared the forest around the house, cut down half of it - clearings formed; became lighter, warmer and drier. The forest was cleared, followed, raked a dry leaf in the spring. In front of the house was a wonderful, transparent, all white young birch grove, where we children always picked mushrooms. An apiary was set up nearby, and next to it, two clearings were sown every summer with buckwheat for honey. The areas left around the pine forest - slender, dry - were also carefully cleaned; strawberries and blueberries grew there, and the air was somehow especially fresh and fragrant. It was only later, when I became an adult, that I understood this peculiar interest of my father in nature, a practical interest, fundamentally deeply peasant. He could not simply contemplate nature, he had to manage in it, to forever transform something. Large areas were planted with fruit trees, strawberries, raspberries, and currants were planted in abundance. At a distance from the house, they fenced off a small clearing with bushes with nets and bred pheasants, guinea fowls, turkeys there; ducks swam in a small pool. All this did not arise immediately, but gradually blossomed and grew, and we, the children, grew up, in essence, in the conditions of a small landowner's estate, with its village life - mowing hay, picking mushrooms and berries, with fresh annual "our" honey, " their" pickles and marinades, "their" bird.

True, all this household was more occupied by the father than by the mother. Mom only made sure that huge lilac bushes bloomed near the house in spring, and planted a whole avenue of jasmine near the balcony. And I had my own little garden, where my nanny taught me to dig in the ground, plant seeds of nasturtiums and marigolds.

But back in 1928, the first thunderstorm broke out over Stalin's cozy family world. The eldest son Yakov, raised by the sister of the deceased mother, was at that time a student at the Institute of Transport Engineers. And suddenly he passionately fell in love, decided to marry a girl named Zoya Gunina. Not only Stalin was against it, but all the relatives: first you need to finish your studies. “... The father of this marriage did not approve, but Yakov acted in his own way, which caused a quarrel between them,” Svetlana recalled.

Jacob tried to shoot himself...

An angry Stalin wrote to Nadezhda: “Tell Yasha from me that he acted like a hooligan and blackmailer, with whom I have and cannot have anything in common. Let him live where he wants and with whom he wants.

On November 7, 1932, Nadezhda Sergeevna appeared in public for the last time. N. Khrushchev, her classmate, recalled this as follows: “Nadya Alliluyeva was next to me, we talked. It was cold. Stalin at the Mausoleum, as always, in an overcoat. The hooks of the overcoat were unbuttoned, the floors swung open. A strong wind blew. Nadezhda Sergeevna glanced at her and said: “Here’s mine, he didn’t take a scarf, he’ll catch a cold, and we’ll get sick again.” It turned out very homely and did not fit in with the idea of ​​​​Stalin, the leader, who had already grown into our consciousness ... "

On the night of November 9, Nadezhda Alliluyeva shot herself. Khrushchev would later say: “She died under mysterious circumstances. But no matter how she died, some actions of Stalin were the cause of her death ... There was even a rumor that Stalin shot Nadya ... "

Moreover, in the era of the exposure of the cult, there were even witnesses of the last minutes of Nadezhda's life, to whom she allegedly managed to tell who pulled the trigger, and conjured to keep it a secret ...

According to Svetlana's memoirs, there was a quarrel between her parents at a festive banquet in honor of the 15th anniversary of October. Stalin threw Nadezhda: “Hey, you! Drink!” And she exclaimed: “I don’t hey!” and ran out from the table. She was not seen again.

The body of Nadezhda Sergeevna was discovered in the morning by the housekeeper Karolina Vasilievna Til - Stalin's wife was covered in blood on the floor near the bed, and a small “Walter”, once presented to her by her brother, was clutched in her hand. The frightened housekeeper called the nanny, together they called the head of security, followed by Molotov and his wife, Voroshilov, Yenukidze ... Stalin came out to the noise and heard: “Joseph, Nadia is no longer with us ...”

The head of security, General N. S. Vlasik, recalled: “Stalin's wife, Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva, a modest woman, rarely made any requests, dressed modestly, unlike the wives of many responsible workers. She studied at the Industrial Academy and paid much attention to children ... In 1932, she died tragically. Joseph Vissarionovich deeply experienced the loss of his wife and friend. The children were still small, Comrade Stalin could not pay much attention to them due to his employment. I had to transfer the upbringing and care of the children to Karolina Vasilievna. She was a cultured woman, sincerely attached to children.”

Trotsky explained the death of Nadezhda as follows: “On November 9, 1932, Alliluyeva died suddenly. She was only 30 years old. As for the reasons for her unexpected death, the Soviet newspapers were silent. In Moscow, they whispered that she shot herself, and talked about the reason. At the evening at Voroshilov's, in the presence of all the nobles, she allowed herself a critical remark about the peasant policy that led to famine in the countryside. Stalin loudly responded to her with the most rude abuse that exists in the Russian language. The Kremlin servants drew attention to the excited state of Alliluyeva when she returned to her apartment. After a while, a shot rang out from her room. Stalin received many expressions of sympathy and moved on to the agenda.

Khrushchev in his memoirs calls jealousy the main reason: “We buried Alliluyeva. Stalin looked sad as he stood at her grave. I do not know what was in his soul, but outwardly he mourned. After Stalin's death, I learned the story of Alliluyeva's death. Of course, this story is not documented in any way. Vlasik, Stalin's head of security, said that after the parade everyone went to dine with the military commissar Kliment Voroshilov in his large apartment. After parades and other similar events, everyone usually went to Voroshilov for dinner.

The parade commander and some members of the Politburo went there directly from Red Square. Everyone drank, as usual on such occasions. Finally, everyone dispersed. Stalin also left. But he didn't go home. It was too late. Who knows what time it was. Nadezhda Sergeevna began to worry. She began looking for him, calling one of the dachas. And she asked the duty officer if Stalin was there. “Yes,” he replied. “Comrade Stalin is here.” - "Who is with him?" - He replied that a woman was with him, called her name. It was the wife of a military man, Gusev, who was also at that dinner. When Stalin left, he took her with him. I was told that she is very beautiful. And Stalin slept with her at this dacha, and Alliluyeva learned about it from the officer on duty.

In the morning - when, I don’t know for sure - Stalin arrived home, but Nadezhda Sergeevna was no longer alive. She didn't leave any note, and if there was a note, we were never told about it."

“Stalin's wife shot herself,” testified Artem Sergeev. I was 11 years old when she passed away. She had wild headaches. On November 7, she brought Vasily and me to the parade. Twenty minutes later she left - she could not stand it. She appears to have had a malalignment of the cranial bones, and suicide is not uncommon in such cases. The tragedy occurred the next day, November 8th. After the parade, Vasya and I wanted to go out of town. Stalin and his wife were visiting Voroshilov. She left the guests early and headed home. She was accompanied by Molotov's wife. They made two circles around the Kremlin, and Nadezhda Sergeevna went to her room.

She had a tiny bedroom. She came and went to bed. Stalin came later. Lie down on the sofa. In the morning Nadezhda Sergeevna did not get up for a long time. Went to wake her up and saw her dead.”

On November 11, 1932, the funeral of Nadezhda Alliluyeva took place in Moscow. Farewell took place in one of the halls of GUM. According to the memoirs of the adopted son of the leader Artem Sergeyev, Stalin then, without hiding, sobbed. Subsequently, he said: “She crippled me for life ...” Stalin's wife was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

On November 18, 1932, a letter from Stalin was published in the Pravda newspaper: “I offer my heartfelt thanks to organizations, institutions, comrades and individuals who expressed their condolences on the death of my close friend and comrade Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva-Stalina.” Condolences to the Soviet leader were expressed by the wives of other leaders of the country - E. Voroshilova, P. Zhemchuzhina, Z. Ordzhonikidze, D. Khazan, M. Kaganovich, T. Postysheva, A. Mikoyan, as well as the leaders themselves - B. Molotov, S. Ordzhonikidze, V. Kuibyshev, M. Kalinin, L. Kaganovich, P. Postyshev, A. Andreev, S. Kirov, A. Mikoyan and A. Yenukidze. A special obituary was sent by students of the Industrial Academy, where Nadezhda studied, N. Khrushchev was among the signatories.

On March 24, 1933, Stalin wrote a letter to his mother: “Hello, my mother! I received your letter. I also received jam, churchkheli, figs. The children were very happy and send you thanks and greetings. It's nice that you feel good, cheerful. I'm healthy, don't worry about me. I'll take my share. I don't know if you need money or not. Just in case, I am sending you five hundred rubles. I also send photographs of myself and my children. Be healthy, my mother. Don't lose your spirits. Kiss. Your son Soso. Children bow to you. After the death of Nadia, of course, my personal life is harder, but nothing, a courageous person must always remain courageous.

Muscovites considered the sculpture on the roof of house No. 17 on Tverskaya Street to be the image of the ballerina Lepeshinskaya, installed by order of Beria

Regarding the personal life of Stalin after the death of Alliluyeva, there are different opinions. Bodyguard A. Rybin stated: “In moral terms, the leader was pure like no other. After the death of his wife, he lived as a monk. Similarly spoke about the life of Stalin and Molotov.

Although, according to L. Gendlin's sensational book "Confessions of Stalin's mistress", the iron Koba by no means denied himself carnal pleasures. The text of "Confessions ..." is presented as a fictionalized memoir of the opera singer V. Davydova (The actress's relatives characterize the book as a fake.), Soloist of the Bolshoi Theater. According to these peculiar memoirs, she became the mistress of the leader immediately after the death of Nadezhda Sergeevna and this relationship continued until the death of Stalin. At the same time, other women constantly appeared at the leader, either famous actresses, or even simple waitresses. Relations between the rivals were openly hostile, but they were ready to unite for the sake of hatred for the one that the leader favored the most:

“After the performance “Quiet Don”, I went to the buffet to drink a glass of tea. Stalin's retired mistresses had dinner there: Barsova, Shpiller, Zlatogorova, Lepeshinskaya. Passing by my table, Bronislava Zlatogorova deliberately touched the tablecloth, the dishes with hot food collapsed on the floor. I didn't get burned by accident. The women laughed.

“We, Verochka, will still get you out of the Bolshoi Theater,” Barsova, short-legged fat woman, said bitterly.

- Leave me alone!

Women were united by hatred.

- You can complain to the mustachioed dad! Lelechka Lepeshinskaya shouted hysterically.

- Mare, how much does I.V. pay you for each visit? Shpiller screeched.

The life of the Soviet elite appears in "Confession ..." as a continuous series of orgies. Stalin's mistress all the time has to escape from the harassment of other people's commissars, or even give in to them so that they are not slandered, arrested ... And she is also regularly taken to attend the cruel interrogations of "enemies of the people", including those who have recently achieved, successfully or not, the favors of a beautiful opera prima.

“In Moscow, at the Leningradsky railway station, I was met by the gloomy Poskrebyshev, gray with anger ... Savoring every word, he joyfully said:

- By the verdict of the Military Collegium, the traitor Tukhachevsky was shot.

I staggered. Strangers, Poskrebyshev with the guards, put me on a bench. Nobody wanted to spare Stalin's mistress. They all needed me only for the bed ...

“In the morning you should be at I.V.’s dacha.”

There is also an opinion that the leader's bed was warmed by the housekeeper Valentina, who worked at the dacha in Kuntsevo.

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