When dad was little read a summary. Erich Kestner - when I was little. The moth that stamped its foot
Already an adult tells his memories of childhood.
The hero meets Little Muck as a child. “At that time, Little Muk was already an old man, but he was tiny. He looked rather funny: a huge head stuck out on a small, skinny body, much larger than other people. The dwarf lived all alone in a huge house. He went out into the street once a week, but every evening the neighbors saw him walking around on the flat roof of his dwelling.
Children often teased the dwarf, stepped on his huge shoes, pulled on his dressing gown and shouted offensive rhymes after him.
Once the narrator greatly offended Muk, he complained to the boy's father. The son was punished, but he learned the story of Little Muck.
“Father Muk (in fact, his name was not Muk, but Mukra) lived in Nicaea and was a respectable man, but not rich. Like Muk, he always stayed at home and rarely went outside. He did not like Muk very much because he was a dwarf, and did not teach him anything. When Muk was 16, his father died, and his house and all things were taken by those who were indebted to the family. Muk took only his father's clothes, shortening them, and went to seek his happiness.
It was hard for the flour to go, mirages appeared to him, he was tormented by hunger, but two days later he entered the city. There he saw an old woman who invited everyone to come and eat. Only cats and dogs ran towards her, but Little Muck came too. He told the old woman about his story, she offered to stay to work for her. Muk took care of the cats and dogs living with the old woman. Soon the pets got spoiled and began to smash the house as soon as the owner left. Naturally, the old woman believed in her favorites, and not in Muku. Once the dwarf managed to get into the old woman's room, the cat broke a very expensive vase there. Muk decided to run away, taking shoes from the room (his old ones were already completely worn out) and a wand - the old woman still did not pay him the promised salary.
The shoes and the stick turned out to be magical. “He saw in a dream that the little dog that led him to the secret room came up to him and said: “Dear Muk, you still don’t know what wonderful shoes you have. Once you turn three times on your heel, they will carry you wherever you want. A cane will help you look for treasures. Where gold is buried, it will hit the ground three times, and where silver is buried, it will hit twice.”
So Muk got to the nearest big city and hired himself as a runner to the king. At first everyone ridiculed him, but after he won the competition with the first runner in the city, they began to respect him. All those close to the king hated the dwarf. The same one wanted to get their love through money. With the help of a wand, he found a treasure and began to distribute gold coins to everyone. But he was slandered for stealing from the royal treasury and imprisoned. To avoid execution, Little Muck revealed to the king the secret of his shoes and wand. The dwarf was released, but deprived of magical things.
Little Muck was on his way again. He found two trees with mature dates, even though it was not yet in season. From the fruits of one tree, donkey ears and noses grew, and from the fruits of another, they disappeared. Mook changed his clothes and went back to the city to sell fruits from the first tree. The head chef was very pleased with his purchase, everyone praised him until they became ugly. No doctor could restore the former appearance to the courtiers and the king himself. Then Little Muck disguised himself as a scientist and went back to the palace. With the fruit from the second tree, he healed one of the disfigured. The king, hoping for an amendment, opened his treasury to Muk: he could take anything. Little Muck walked around the treasury several times, looking at the riches, but chose his shoes and wand. After that, he tore off his scientist's clothes. "The king almost fell over in surprise when he saw the familiar face of his chief runner." Little Muk did not give the king medicinal dates, and he forever remained a freak.
Little Muk settled in another city, where he still lives. He is poor and lonely: now he despises people. But he became very wise.
The hero told this story to other boys. Now no one dared to insult Little Muck, on the contrary, the boys began to bow to him with respect.
Summary of Gauf's tale “Little Muk”
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Erich Kestner
WHEN I WAS A CHILD
Lessons from Erich Kestner
Erich Kestner was a little older than our century: he was born on February 23, 1899, and he himself told in detail and with humor about the circumstances surrounding this event in his autobiographical book “When I was young”. There is no need to tell readers about his childhood years, studies and family: they have the opportunity to learn first-hand, from Kestner himself, even about his distant ancestors and relatives, about his father, a saddler and saddler, who eventually had to leave his own business and work as a worker on a suitcase factory, a hairdresser mother who "works day in and day out", "curls her hair with tongs" so that her son can get an education. The quoted words, however, are taken from the story "Emil and the detectives" - here, as in many other books of the writer, there is also a lot of autobiographical. Don't we, when reading the description of Emil's ride on a horse-drawn carriage, recall the same (or perhaps the same) horse-drawn carriage that Kestner himself rode as a child? And, maybe, making his Maksik, “the boy from the matchbox”, a member of the Pichelstein Gymnastics Union, the writer remembered himself, six years old, who came to the elders to attend the gymnastics society? Fabian, the hero of the novel of the same name, is already an adult, in Berlin, receives a letter from his mother. “Do you still remember,” writes the mother, “how we took our backpacks and set off?” Of course, he remembers, as Kestner himself remembered (and described half a century later) his own travels with his mother. In general, he was one of those for whom the memory of childhood is not only dear, but vital: it is she who, in his opinion, allows a person to preserve and maintain the best, most precious in himself.
The novel "Fabian", also somewhat autobiographical, can give an idea of the years of the later, post-war life of the writer. But about them later. The story "When I was a child" ends with the events of August 1914. "The World War began, and my childhood ended." The historical milestone did not just coincide with the age. For millions of Europeans, it was from this date, in the words of the poet, that "not a calendar - the Real Twentieth Century" began. The already aged, experienced writer with irony and sadness recalls the last peaceful years, the “carefree holidays”, the operetta rulers and military parades, reminiscent of circus performances. With irony, because the seeds of future terrible events were already ripening under the semblance of external well-being: history presented a cruel account to those who did not have enough insight and responsibility to “remove rose-colored glasses from their noses” in time. With sadness, because after the ordeals experienced, many, even the most caustic and sober critics of the era involuntarily felt something like nostalgia, looking back at that irrevocable time.
In 1917, not having time to finish the teacher's seminary, Erich Kestner was called up for military service. He returned home already in 1919, after the revolution that overthrew the monarchy in Germany, he was going to take the teacher's exam, but at the last moment he changed his mind (the writer tells about the reasons in the same book of memoirs) and decided to continue his education at the university. In Berlin, Rostock, Leipzig, he studied German studies, wrote a dissertation "Objections to the article by Frederick the Great" De la litterature allemande "" and became more and more convinced that his true vocation was literature.
Kestner's first poems appeared in print as early as 1920, in a collection of student papers, but were not noticed by anyone then. To earn money, he began to collaborate in newspapers, wrote reports, reviews, political feuilletons, satirical poems. After the scandal caused by the publication of one of these poems, Kestner was forced to stop working in the left-liberal newspaper Neue Leipziger Zeitung and move to Berlin. Even then, some of his working habits had developed: he preferred, for example, to write not at home, but in a cafe, where he became a regular customer for a long time. Many features of his literary style also took shape; they appeared with all their brightness in Kestner's first collection of poems, Heart on the Waist, which was published in 1928 and immediately brought him a resounding success.
It is perhaps even difficult for us now to understand why these verses at one time were so violently received. This cannot be explained by their poetic merit alone. They turned out to be extremely in tune with the trends of the time - Kestner satisfied the expectations of the reading public. “This is a poet representing our generation,” wrote one of the then critics. - The poetry of our time cannot sound otherwise ... Kestner's rhymed lines were on everyone's lips. Aphoristic, clear in form, they became part of everyday life, sounded from the stage, became popular expressions.
We know what kind of time it was for Germany, we read about it in the novels of Fallada, Remarque and many other writers. The time of post-war inflation and unemployment, mass ruin and sudden enrichment, a time when, amid ideological confusion, speculating on growing discontent, aggravation of social contradictions, feeding on revanchist, militaristic, nationalist sentiments, fascism was arrogantly raising its head.
Kestner writes about all this. About the unemployed and the fattening rich, about suicides and dying children, about the dramas that are played out behind the walls of outwardly decent houses, in furnished rooms. He writes with bitterness, sometimes with defiant frankness, not afraid to offend sensitive ears. In criticism, they hastened to attribute him to the direction of the so-called "lyrical cynicism", for some reason bringing him closer either to Brecht or to Tucholsky; but much more obvious, perhaps, is Kestner's successive connection with the traditions of Heine's irony. This irony turns into sarcasm when it falls upon philistine morality, the deceitful pathos of the preachers of militarism and reaction ("You know the land where the cannons bloom").
Many of the themes of these first poems are heard in his most famous novel, Fabian (1931). The hero of the novel is still full of memories of the war. “Across the provinces are scattered many solitary houses, where crippled soldiers still lie. Men without arms and legs. Men with frighteningly disfigured faces, no nose, no mouth. The hospital nurses, who can no longer be frightened by anything, introduce food to these unfortunate people through glass tubes, which they insert into the healed hole where the mouth once was. The mouth that laughed, spoke, screamed.
Fabian, a young man with a university education, is forced to compose poetry for an advertising firm, but suddenly finds himself out of a job. We follow his wanderings around Berlin in the mid-20s, we observe scenes of a bleak life, moral degradation. “The magical gift to see through walls and curtained windows is sheer nonsense compared to the ability to endure what you see,” the author notes. He calls his hero a "moralist", and not without reason: in the midst of the surrounding vulgarity and dirt, Fabian manages to maintain the clarity of moral criteria, dignity and adherence to principles. He is undoubtedly close to Kestner himself. But, like Kestner, acutely feeling the trouble, the spirit of the impending disaster, does not know what to do, how to change life.
DEAR GUYS!
I want to tell you how this book was born. Here is her story. I have a daughter Sasha. Now she is a big girl. She herself now often says: “When I was little ...” So, when Sasha was very young, she was sick a lot. Then she had the flu, then a sore throat. And then my ears hurt. If you have ever had otitis media, then you do not need to explain how it hurts. And if it was not, then there is no need to explain either - you will never understand this.
Once Sasha's ear hurt so much that she cried for a whole day and almost could not sleep. I felt so sorry for her that I almost cried myself. And I read different books to her or told funny stories. So I told her about how I was little and threw my new ball under the car. Sasha really liked this story. She liked that dad was also small, he was also naughty and did not obey, and he was also punished. She remembered it. And now, as soon as she started to shoot in her ear, she immediately shouted: “Dad, dad, my ear hurts! Hurry, tell me how you were little!” And I told her everything that you are about to read. I chose funny stories: after all, it was necessary to cheer up a sick girl. And I also tried to make my daughter understand how bad it is to be greedy, braggart, arrogant. But this does not mean that I myself have been like this all my life. I just tried to remember only such cases. And when I didn’t have enough of them, I took them from other dads I knew. After all, each of them, too, was once small. So all these stories are not invented by me, but were actually.
Now Sasha has grown up. She is less ill and reads large, thick books herself.
But I decided that maybe other guys are also interested in learning about how one dad was little.
That's all guys, what I wanted to tell you. No, I'll tell you one more thing in confidence. This book has a sequel. It will be different for each of you. After all, every dad can tell how he was little. And mom too. I would like to listen to them myself.
Well, now everything. Goodbye, guys! I wish you happiness and health.
respect you
A. Raskin
HOW DAD THROWED THE BALL UNDER THE CAR
When dad was still small and lived in the small town of Pavlovo-Posad, he was presented with a big ball of amazing beauty. This ball was like the sun. No, it was even better than the sun. First, you could look at him without squinting. And it was exactly four times more beautiful than the sun, because it had four colors. And the sun is only one color, and even that is difficult to see. One side of the ball was pink, like marshmallow, the other brown, like the most delicious chocolate. The top was blue like the sky, and the bottom was green like grass. Such a ball has never been seen in the small town of Pavlovo-Posad. They specially went to Moscow for him. But I think that in Moscow there were few such balls. Not only children came to see him, but also adults.
“This is the ball!” Everyone said.
And it was a really great ball. And dad was very proud. He acted as if he himself invented this ball, made it and painted it in four colors. When dad proudly went out into the street to play with his beautiful ball, the boys came running from all sides.
- Oh, what a ball! they said. - Let's play!
But dad grabbed his ball and said:
- I'm not giving it! This is my ball! Nobody has that! It was brought from Moscow! Stand back! Don't touch my ball!
And then the boys said:
- Oh, you greedy!
But dad still didn't give them his wonderful ball. He played with him alone. It's very boring to play alone. And the greedy dad deliberately played around the boys so that they would envy him.
And then the boys said:
- He is greedy. Let's not hang out with him!
And they didn't see him for two days. And on the third day they said:
- The ball is nothing to you. It's right. It's big and nicely painted. But if you throw it under a car, it will burst like the worst black ball. So there is nothing to turn up your nose so much.
My ball will never burst! - proudly said dad, who by that time was so arrogant, as if he himself had been painted in four colors.
- How it will burst! the boys laughed.
- No, it won't burst!
“Here comes the car,” said the boys. - Well, what are you? Drop it! Or scared?
And little dad threw his ball under the car. For a minute, everyone froze. The ball rolled between the front wheels and landed under the right rear wheel. The car all warped, moved the ball and rushed on. And the ball remained lying completely unharmed.
- Didn't burst! Didn't burst! Dad shouted and ran to his ball. But then there was such a noise, as if fired from a small cannon. It burst the ball. And when dad ran up to him, he saw only a dusty rubber rag, completely ugly and uninteresting. And then dad started crying and ran home. And the boys laughed with all their might.
- Bursted! Bursted! they shouted. "That's what you want, greedy!"
When dad ran home and said that he himself threw his wonderful new ball under the car, he was immediately spanked by his grandmother. In the evening, grandfather came home from work and also spanked him.
At the same time, he said:
- I don’t hit for the ball, but for stupidity.
And for a long time afterwards everyone was surprised: how could it be possible to throw such a good ball under a car?
Only a very stupid boy could do that! everyone said.
And for a long time everyone teased dad and asked:
Where is your new ball?
And only one uncle did not laugh. He asked his father to tell him everything from the very beginning. Then he said:
No, you're not stupid!
And dad was very happy.
“But you are greedy and boastful,” said the uncle. "And it's very sad for you." Anyone who wants to play alone with his ball is always left with nothing. This happens to both children and adults. So it will be for you all your life, if you remain the same.
And then dad was very scared, and wept with all his strength, and said that he did not want to be greedy and boastful. He cried so long and so loudly that his uncle believed him and bought a new ball. True, he was not so handsome. But then all the neighbor boys played with this ball. And it was fun, and no one teased dad with a greedy man.
HOW DAD TAMED THE DOG
When dad was still small, he was taken to the circus. It was very interesting. He especially liked the tamer of wild animals. He dressed very beautifully, called himself very beautifully, and all the lions and tigers were afraid of him. He had a whip and pistols, but he hardly used them.
“And the animals are afraid of my eyes!” he said from the arena. “My mind is my strongest weapon!” The wild beast cannot stand the human gaze!
Indeed, as soon as he looked at the lion, he sat down on the pedestal, jumped on the barrel and even pretended to be dead, unable to bear his gaze.
The orchestra played carcasses, the audience clapped their hands, everyone looked at the tamer, and he pressed his hands to his heart and bowed in all directions. It was great! And dad decided that he, too, would become a tamer. To begin with, he planned to tame with his gaze some not very wild beast. After all, my father was still small. He understood that such large animals as a lion and a tiger were too tough for him. You need to start with a dog and, of course, not a very big one, because a big dog is already almost a small lion. But a smaller dog would be just right.
my daughter
DEAR GUYS!
I want to tell you how this book was born. Here is her story. I have a daughter Sasha. Now she is a big girl. She herself now often says: “When I was little ...” So, when Sasha was very young, she was sick a lot. Then she had the flu, then a sore throat. And then my ears hurt. If you have ever had otitis media, then you do not need to explain how it hurts. And if it was not, then there is no need to explain either - you will never understand this.
Once Sasha's ear hurt so much that she cried for a whole day and almost could not sleep. I felt so sorry for her that I almost cried myself. And I read different books to her or told funny stories. So I told her about how I was little and threw my new ball under the car. Sasha really liked this story. She liked that dad was also small, he was also naughty and did not obey, and he was also punished. She remembered it. And now, as soon as she started to shoot in her ear, she immediately shouted: “Dad, dad, my ear hurts! Hurry, tell me how you were little!” And I told her everything that you are about to read. I chose funny stories: after all, it was necessary to cheer up a sick girl. And I also tried to make my daughter understand how bad it is to be greedy, braggart, arrogant. But this does not mean that I myself have been like this all my life. I just tried to remember only such cases. And when I didn’t have enough of them, I took them from other dads I knew. After all, each of them, too, was once small. So all these stories are not invented by me, but were actually.
Now Sasha has grown up. She is less ill and reads large, thick books herself.
But I decided that maybe other guys are also interested in learning about how one dad was little.
That's all guys, what I wanted to tell you. No, I'll tell you one more thing in confidence. This book has a sequel. It will be different for each of you. After all, every dad can tell how he was little. And mom too. I would like to listen to them myself.
Well, now everything. Goodbye, guys! I wish you happiness and health.
respect you
A. Raskin
HOW DAD THROWED THE BALL UNDER THE CAR
When dad was still small and lived in the small town of Pavlovo-Posad, he was presented with a big ball of amazing beauty. This ball was like the sun. No, it was even better than the sun. First, you could look at him without squinting. And it was exactly four times more beautiful than the sun, because it had four colors. And the sun is only one color, and even that is difficult to see. One side of the ball was pink, like marshmallow, the other brown, like the most delicious chocolate. The top was blue like the sky, and the bottom was green like grass. Such a ball has never been seen in the small town of Pavlovo-Posad. They specially went to Moscow for him. But I think that in Moscow there were few such balls. Not only children came to see him, but also adults.
“This is the ball!” Everyone said.
And it was a really great ball. And dad was very proud. He acted as if he himself invented this ball, made it and painted it in four colors. When dad proudly went out into the street to play with his beautiful ball, the boys came running from all sides.
- Oh, what a ball! they said. - Let's play!
But dad grabbed his ball and said:
- I'm not giving it! This is my ball! Nobody has that! It was brought from Moscow! Stand back! Don't touch my ball!
And then the boys said:
- Oh, you greedy!
But dad still didn't give them his wonderful ball. He played with him alone. It's very boring to play alone. And the greedy dad deliberately played around the boys so that they would envy him.
And then the boys said:
- He is greedy. Let's not hang out with him!
And they didn't see him for two days. And on the third day they said:
- The ball is nothing to you. It's right. It's big and nicely painted. But if you throw it under a car, it will burst like the worst black ball. So there is nothing to turn up your nose so much.
My ball will never burst! - proudly said dad, who by that time was so arrogant, as if he himself had been painted in four colors.
- How it will burst! the boys laughed.
- No, it won't burst!
“Here comes the car,” said the boys. - Well, what are you? Drop it! Or scared?
And little dad threw his ball under the car. For a minute, everyone froze. The ball rolled between the front wheels and landed under the right rear wheel. The car all warped, moved the ball and rushed on. And the ball remained lying completely unharmed.
- Didn't burst! Didn't burst! Dad shouted and ran to his ball. But then there was such a noise, as if fired from a small cannon. It burst the ball. And when dad ran up to him, he saw only a dusty rubber rag, completely ugly and uninteresting. And then dad started crying and ran home. And the boys laughed with all their might.
- Bursted! Bursted! they shouted. "That's what you want, greedy!"
When dad ran home and said that he himself threw his wonderful new ball under the car, he was immediately spanked by his grandmother. In the evening, grandfather came home from work and also spanked him.
At the same time, he said:
- I don’t hit for the ball, but for stupidity.
And for a long time afterwards everyone was surprised: how could it be possible to throw such a good ball under a car?
Only a very stupid boy could do that! everyone said.
And for a long time everyone teased dad and asked:
Where is your new ball?
And only one uncle did not laugh. He asked his father to tell him everything from the very beginning. Then he said:
No, you're not stupid!
And dad was very happy.
“But you are greedy and boastful,” said the uncle. "And it's very sad for you." Anyone who wants to play alone with his ball is always left with nothing. This happens to both children and adults. So it will be for you all your life, if you remain the same.
And then dad was very scared, and wept with all his strength, and said that he did not want to be greedy and boastful. He cried so long and so loudly that his uncle believed him and bought a new ball. True, he was not so handsome. But then all the neighbor boys played with this ball. And it was fun, and no one teased dad with a greedy man.
HOW DAD TAMED THE DOG
When dad was still small, he was taken to the circus. It was very interesting. He especially liked the tamer of wild animals. He dressed very beautifully, called himself very beautifully, and all the lions and tigers were afraid of him. He had a whip and pistols, but he hardly used them.
“And the animals are afraid of my eyes!” he said from the arena. “My mind is my strongest weapon!” The wild beast cannot stand the human gaze!
Indeed, as soon as he looked at the lion, he sat down on the pedestal, jumped on the barrel and even pretended to be dead, unable to bear his gaze.
The orchestra played carcasses, the audience clapped their hands, everyone looked at the tamer, and he pressed his hands to his heart and bowed in all directions. It was great! And dad decided that he, too, would become a tamer. To begin with, he planned to tame with his gaze some not very wild beast. After all, my father was still small. He understood that such large animals as a lion and a tiger were too tough for him. You need to start with a dog and, of course, not a very big one, because a big dog is already almost a small lion. But a smaller dog would be just right.