Read modern fables by Krylov. School Encyclopedia. Dog and Horse
Fox, not seeing Leo's kind,
Having met him, with passions she remained a little alive.
Here, a little later, she again caught a lion,
But it didn't look so scary to her.
And then a third time
The fox started talking with the Lion.
We are also afraid of something else
As long as we don't look at him.
Chizh and Dove
Chizha was slammed by the villainess-trap:
The poor thing in it was torn and rushed about,
And the young Dove mocked him.
“Aren't you ashamed,” he says, “in broad daylight
Gotcha!
Wouldn't have taken me like this:
For this I vouch boldly.”
An, look, he immediately got himself entangled in a snare.
And business!
Do not laugh at someone else's misfortune, Dove.
Wolf and Shepherds
The wolf, closely bypassing the shepherd's yard
And seeing through the fence
That, having chosen the best ram in the herd,
Quietly Shepherds gutting lamb,
And the dogs lie quietly,
He himself said to himself, walking away in annoyance:
"What a fuss you all made here, friends,
When would I do it!”
Waterfall and Stream
Boiling Waterfall, overthrown from the rocks,
He said to the healing key with arrogance
(Which under the mountain was barely noticeable,
But he was famous for his healing power):
“Isn't it strange? You are so small, so poor in water,
Do you always have a lot of guests?
No wonder if someone comes to me to marvel;
Why are they coming to you?" - "treat" -
The brook murmured humbly.
Boy and snake
The boy, thinking to catch an eel,
He grabbed the Serpent and, looking up, from fear
He became as pale as his shirt.
The snake, calmly looking at the Boy:
“Listen,” he says, “if you don’t get smarter,
That insolence is not always easy for you to pass.
This time God will forgive; but watch out ahead
And know who you're joking with!
Sheep and Dogs
In a flock of sheep,
So that the Wolves could no longer disturb them,
It is supposed to multiply the number of Dogs.
Well? Divorced so many of them, finally
That the Sheep from the Wolves, it is true, survived,
But dogs also need to eat.
First, the wool was removed from the Sheep,
And there, by lot, the skins flew from them,
And there were only five or six Sheep left,
And those dogs ate.
Rooster and pearl grain
I will dung up a bunch of tearing,
The Rooster Found the Pearl Seed
And he says: “Where is it?
What an empty thing!
Isn't it stupid that he is so highly valued?
And I would really be much more glad
Grain of Barley: it is not so at least visible,
Yes, satisfying.
***
The ignoramuses judge exactly like this:
What's the point of not understanding, then everything is a trifle for them.
Cloud
Over the side exhausted from the heat
The Big Cloud has passed;
Not a drop of refreshing her alone,
She poured like a big rain over the sea
And she boasted of her generosity before the Mountain,
“What? did good
Are you so generous? -
Mountain told her. -
And it doesn't hurt to look at it!
Whenever you pour your rain on the fields,
You would have saved the whole region from hunger:
And in the sea without you, my friend, there is enough water.
The Peasant and the Fox (Book Eight)
The fox once said to the Peasant:
"Tell me, my dear friend,
How did a horse earn such friendship from you,
What, I see, is she always with you?
In contentment you keep her in the hall;
On the road, you are with her, and often with her in the field;
But of all the animals
She's hardly the dumbest of all." -
“Oh, gossip, the power is not in the mind! -
The peasant answered. - All this is vanity.
My goal is not the same.
I need her to drive me
Yes, to obey the whip.
Fox and grapes
Hungry godmother Fox climbed into the garden;
In it, the grapes were reddened.
The gossip's eyes and teeth flared up;
And brushes juicy, like yachts, burn;
The only problem is that they hang high:
Whence and how she comes to them,
Though the eye sees
Yes, the tooth is numb.
Breaking through the whole hour in vain,
She went and said with annoyance:
"Well!
Looks like he's good
Yes, green - no ripe berries:
You will immediately set the teeth on edge."
Falcon and Worm
At the top of a tree, clinging to a branch,
The worm swung on it.
Above the Worm the Falcon, rushing through the air,
So from a height he joked and scoffed:
“What you, poor thing, did not endure!
What profits that you crawled so high?
What is your will and freedom?
And with a branch you bend where the weather dictates. -
"It's easy for you to joke, -
The worm answers - flying high,
Then, that you are strong and strong with wings;
But fate gave me the wrong dignity:
I'm here on top
The only thing I hold on to is that, fortunately, I am tenacious!
Dog and Horse
Serving one peasant
The Dog and the Horse somehow began to be considered.
“Here,” says Barbos, “the big lady!
For me, if only you were completely driven out of the yard.
Great thing to carry or plow!
Not to hear of your remoteness:
And can you be equal in what with me?
Day or night I do not know peace:
During the day, the herd under my supervision in the meadow,
And at night I guard the house.
“Of course,” the Horse answered, “
Your truthful speech;
However, whenever I plow,
Then there would be nothing for you to guard here.
Mouse and Rat
“Neighbour, have you heard the good word? -
Running in, the Mouse said to the Rat, -
After all, the cat, they say, fell into the claws of a lion?
Now it’s time for us to relax!”
"Do not rejoice, my light, -
The Rat says to her in response, -
And do not hope in empty!
If it reaches their claws,
That's right, the lion will not be alive:
There is no beast stronger than a cat!
How many times have I seen, take it for yourself:
When a coward is afraid of whom,
That thinks that
The whole world looks through his eyes.
Peasant and Rogue
Peasant, starting a house committee,
I bought a pail and a cow at the fair
And with them through the oak
Quietly wandered home by a country road,
When suddenly the Robber got caught.
Robber Peeled off the Muzhik like sticky.
“Have mercy,” the Peasant will cry, “I am lost,
You totally got me!
For a whole year I was going to buy a cow:
I've been looking forward to this day."
"Good, don't cry at me, -
He said, complaining, Rogue.
And truly, after all, I can’t milk a cow;
So be it
Take your pail back."
frog and ox
The frog, seeing Ox in the meadow,
She herself ventured to catch up with him in stature:
She was envious.
And well, bristle, puff and pout.
“Look, wah, what, will I be with him?”
Girlfriend says. "No, gossip, far away!" -
“Look how now I swell up widely.
Well, what's it like?
Have I replenished? - "Almost nothing."
"Well, how now?" - "All the same." Puffed and puffed
And my entertainer ended on that
That, not being equal to the Ox,
It burst with an effort and - died.
***
There is more than one example of this in the world:
And is it any wonder when a tradesman wants to live,
As a distinguished citizen
And the fry is small, like a nobleman?
Compilation, preface, notes and explanations
V.P. Anikina
Painters
S. Bordyug and N. Trepenok
Russian genius
Twenty-year-old Ivan Andreevich Krylov, still a little-known writer, published his first fables in 1788, without a signature, in the St. Petersburg magazine Morning Hours. And he published the first book of fables years later - only in 1809. Not without success, having worked in various types of creativity, Krylov realized that the fable genre was most successful for him. The fable became an almost exclusive genre of his work. And soon the glory of a first-class author came to the writer.
The artistic gift of Krylov the fabulist was fully revealed when he combined his extensive knowledge in the field of ancient and new European literatures with the realization that the type of creativity he had chosen by nature belongs to the kind of creativity in which folk morality is expressed. This morality, for example, is revealed in Russian fairy tales about animals, in proverbs, in teachings - in general, in peasant fables. In Russia, an intricate story has long been called fable. "Fables-fairy tales" are inseparable from the living conduct of a story-fiction, flavored with a joke, a lesson. This was not understood for a long time by many of Krylov's predecessors, who failed because they did not realize that the fable is inseparable from the spoken language.
Thus, the hard-working philologist known in the 18th century, a member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences V.K. Tredyakovsky (1703-1768), long before Krylov, published a retelling of several "Aesopian fables". Among them was the fable "The Wolf and the Crane". Its plot is the same as that of Krylov, but in the presentation of the fable, almost everything is alien to colloquial speech.
A wolf choked on a sharp bone on a certain day.
So that he was not able to howl, but he became all in a stump.
For that, he hired a crane at a price,
To extract the nose from the throat with longitude.
Tredyakovsky guessed that the fable story should be told in a folk way, and it was not by chance that he introduced into his translation some colloquial words and expressions (although not without distortion): remained heavy, bookish.
Compare with Tredyakovsky's translation of Krylov's fable:
That wolves are greedy, everyone knows:
Wolf, eaten, never
Doesn't understand bones.
For something on one of them trouble came:
He nearly choked on a bone.
The wolf can't neither gasp nor breathe;
It's time to stretch your legs!
The whole system of presentation is light, elegant, understandable to any Russian person! This is our living speech. Krylov followed the intonation of the oral story; in the fable story there is not even a shadow of any kind of artificiality.
The famous philologist of the 20th century, Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov, specially studied the language and style of Krylov's fables and noted dozens of folk proverbs in them. The scientist gave a long list of proverbs and sayings that the fabulist used, called them "semantic bonds", that is, connections that give the presentation of a fable story a semantic unity. Here are some of them: “The family has its black sheep” (“Elephant in the Voivodeship”), “Though the eye sees, but the tooth is dumb” (“The Fox and the Grapes”), “Poverty is not a vice” (“The Farmer and the Shoemaker”), “From the fire to the frying pan” (“The Lady and the Two Servants”), “Do not spit in the well - it will come in handy to drink water” (“The Lion and the Mouse”) and dozens of others. The fabulist relied on the designations familiar in our language and comparisons of animals and birds with people: a crow is a prophetic, but greedy for flattery, a stubborn donkey, a cunning fox, a strong but stupid bear, a cowardly hare, a dangerous snake, etc. And they act like people. Proverbs and sayings, proverbs and allegory words included in the fables received development and semantic clarifications from Krylov.
Krylov's primacy among fabulists is preserved to this day. And in our time, his fables captivate readers. He is put on a par with the greatest artists of all times and peoples. No one is surprised that he is compared with the ancient Greek Aesop, with other world-famous fabulists. But most of all he is appreciated in Russia as an artist who expressed the common sense and mind of our people.
V.P. Anikin
A Crow and a fox
How many times have they told the world
That flattery is vile, harmful; but it's not all right,
And in the heart the flatterer will always find a corner.
___
Somewhere a god sent a piece of cheese to a crow;
Crow perched on the spruce,
To have breakfast, it was quite ready,
Yes, I thought about it, but I kept the cheese in my mouth.
The Fox ran close to that misfortune;
Suddenly, the cheese spirit stopped Lisa:
The fox sees the cheese, the fox has been captivated by the cheese.
The cheat approaches the tree on tiptoe;
He wags his tail, does not take his eyes off the Crow,
And he says so sweetly, breathing a little:
"Darling, how pretty!
Well, what a neck, what eyes!
To tell, so, right, fairy tales!
What feathers! what a sock!
And it must be an angelic voice!
Sing, little one, don't be ashamed! What if, sister,
With such beauty, and you are a master of singing,
After all, you would be our king bird!
Veshunin's head was spinning with praise,
From joy in the goiter breath stole, -
And to the friendly fox words
The crow croaked at the top of its crow's throat:
The cheese fell out - there was such a cheat with it.
Oak and Cane
With the Reed, the Oak once entered into speech.
“Verily, you have the right to grumble against nature,”
He said: “Sparrow, and that one is hard for you.
A little light breeze will ripple the water,
You will stagger, you will begin to weaken
And so you bend down lonely,
What a pity to look at you.
Meanwhile, on a par with the Caucasus, proudly,
Not only do I block the rays of the sun,
But, laughing at both whirlwinds and thunderstorms,
I stand firm and straight
As if surrounded by an inviolable peace.
Everything is a storm for you - everything seems to me a marshmallow.
Even if you grew up in a circle,
Thick shade of my branches covered,
From bad weather, I could be your protection;
But nature has taken you to your lot
The shores of the turbulent Aeolian domain:
Of course, she doesn’t have any joy about you at all. ” -
"You are very compassionate"
Cane said in response,
“However, do not collapse: I don’t have so much thin.
It is not for myself that I am afraid of whirlwinds;
Though I bend, I do not break:
So storms do little harm to me;
They threaten you no more!
It is true that even hitherto their ferocity
Your fortress did not overcome
And from their blows you did not bow your face;
But - let's wait for the end!
As soon as the Cane said this,
Suddenly rushing from the northern sides
And with hail, and with rain, a noisy aquilon.
The oak is holding on - Reed crouched to the ground.
The wind is raging, he doubled his strength,
Roared and uprooted
The one who touched the heavens with his head
And in the area of shadows he rested on his heel.
Musicians
Neighbor called neighbor to eat;
But the intent was different:
The owner loved music.
And he lured his neighbor to listen to the singers.
Well done sang: some in the forest, some for firewood,
And who has that power.
The visitor's ears crackled,
And the head was spinning.
"Have mercy on me," he said in surprise:
“What is there to enjoy here? your choir
Shouting nonsense! -
"That's true," the owner replied with tenderness:
“They fight a little;
But they don’t take intoxicating things in their mouths,
And all with great behavior."
___
And I'll say: for me it's better to drink,
Yes, understand the matter.
Crow and Chicken
When the Smolensk Prince,
Arming yourself with art against insolence,
Set up a new network for vandals
And left Moscow to their death:
Then all the inhabitants, both small and large,
Without wasting an hour, we gathered
And out of the walls of Moscow rose,
Like a swarm of bees from a hive.
The crow from the roof is here for all this anxiety
Calmly, cleaning his nose, looking.
“And what are you, gossip, on the road?”
From the cart the Chicken shouts to her:
“After all, they say that at the threshold
Our adversary." -
“What is it to me?”
The prophetess replied to her: “I will stay here boldly.
Here are your sisters, as they wish;
But Raven is neither fried nor boiled:
So it’s not surprising for me to get along with the guests,
And maybe you'll still be able to profit
Cheese, or a bone, or something.
Farewell, Corydalis, happy journey!
The crow truly remained;
But, instead of all the treats for her,
How to starve Smolensky became a guest -
She herself got into their soup.
___
So often a person in calculations is blind and stupid.
For happiness, it seems that you are rushing on your heels:
And how do you actually deal with him -
Got caught like a crow in soup!
casket
It often happens to us
And work and wisdom to see there,
Where you can only guess
Just get down to business.
___
Someone brought a casket from the master.
Finishing, cleanliness Casket rushed into the eyes;
Well, everyone admired the beautiful Casket.
Here comes the sage into the mechanics room.
Looking at the casket,
he said: "A chest of secrets,
So; he is without a lock;
And I undertake to open; yes, yes, I'm sure of it;
Don't laugh so hard!
I will find a secret and I will open the Casket for you:
In Mechanics, and I'm worth something.
Here he took up the Casket:
Spins it around
And he breaks his head;
Now a carnation, then another, then a bracket shakes.
Here, looking at him, another
Shakes his head;
They whisper, and they laugh among themselves.
In the ears only reverberates:
“Not here, not like this, not there!” The mechanic is more torn.
Sweat, sweat; but finally tired
Behind the casket
And I didn't know how to open it.
And the casket just opened.
Frog and Ox
The frog, seeing Ox in the meadow,
She herself ventured to catch up with him in stature:
She was envious.
And well, bristle, puff and pout.
“Look, wah, what, will I be with him?”
Girlfriend says. "No, gossip, far away!" -
“Look how now I swell up widely.
Well, what's it like?
Have I replenished? “Almost nothing.” -
"Well, how now?" - "Everything is the same."
Puffed and puffed
And my entertainer ended on that
That, not being equal to the Ox,
With an effort burst and - okolela.
___
There is more than one example of this in the world:
And is it any wonder when a tradesman wants to live,
As a distinguished citizen
And the fry is small, like a noble nobleman.
Wolf and Lamb
With the strong, the weak is always to blame:
That is why we hear a lot of examples in History,
But we do not write stories;
But about how they say in Fables.
___
A lamb on a hot day went to the stream to get drunk;
And it's gotta be bad luck
That near those places a hungry wolf roamed.
He sees the lamb, he strives for prey;
But, to give the case a legitimate look and sense,
Shouts: "How dare you, insolent, with an unclean snout
Here is a clean muddy drink
My
With sand and silt?
For such audacity
I'll rip your head off." -
“When the brightest Wolf allows,
I dare to convey: what is down the stream
From the Lordship of his steps I drink a hundred;
And in vain he will deign to be angry:
I can’t stir up a drink for him.” -
"That's why I'm lying!
Waste! Have you ever heard such insolence in the world!
Yes, I remember that you are still in last summer
Here I was somehow rude:
I haven't forgotten that, buddy! -
"Have mercy, I'm not yet a year old,"
The lamb speaks. "So it was your brother." -
"I have no brothers." - “So this is kum il matchmaker
And, in a word, someone from your own family.
You yourself, your dogs and your shepherds,
You all want me bad
And if you can, then always harm me:
But I will reconcile with you for their sins. -
"Oh, what am I to blame?" - "Shut up! I'm tired of listening
Leisure time for me to sort out your guilt, puppy!
It's your fault that I want to eat."
He said and dragged the Lamb into the dark forest.
Monkey
When to adopt wisely, then it's not a miracle
And find the benefit of that;
And mindlessly adopt
And God forbid, how bad!
I will give an example to that from distant countries.
Who saw the Monkeys, they know
How eagerly they adopt everything.
So in Africa, where there are many Monkeys,
Their whole flock was sitting
By branches, by branches on a thick tree
And furtively looked at the catcher,
As on the grass in nets he rode around.
Each friend here quietly understands a friend,
And they all whisper to each other:
“Look at the daredevil;
His ideas are so, right, there is no end:
It will tumble
It will unfold
That's all in a lump
He will be so
With no arms or legs to be seen.
We are not masters of everything,
And we can't see this art!
Beautiful sisters!
It wouldn't hurt for us to adopt this.
He seems to have amused himself quite a bit;
Perhaps he will leave, then we will immediately ... "Look,
He truly departed and left them nets.
“Well,” they say, “are we wasting time?
Let's go and try!"
The beauties are gone. For dear guests
A multitude of nets are spread out below.
Well in them they tumble, ride,
And wrap up, and curl;
Shouting, squealing - fun at least where!
Yes, that's the trouble
When, it came out of the network to tear out!
The owner meanwhile guarded
And, seeing that it's time, he goes to the guests with bags,
They, to run away,
Yes, no one could unravel:
And they took them all by hand.
Tit
The tit has set off on the sea;
She boasted
What the sea wants to burn.
It became famous immediately about that in the world.
Fear embraced the inhabitants of the Neptune capital;
Birds fly in flocks;
And the animals from the forests come running to look,
How will the Ocean be, and is it hot to burn.
And even, they say, to the ear of rumors winged,
Hunters trudge through the feasts
Of the first with spoons came to the shores,
To sip fish soup so rich,
Some kind of a tax-farmer and the most larky
Didn't give to secretaries.
They crowd: everyone marvels at a miracle in advance,
He is silent and, tired of his eyes at the sea, waits;
Only occasionally another whispers:
“Here it boils, it immediately lights up!”
Not here, the sea does not burn.
Does it even boil? - and does not boil.
And how did the majestic undertakings end?
The titmouse swam away in shame;
Tit made glory,
But the sea did not burn.
___
It’s good to say something here,
But without touching anyone's face:
What's the matter, without bringing the end,
No need to brag.
A donkey
When Jupiter inhabited the universe
And he started a tribe of various creatures,
That and the Donkey then came into the world.
But with intent, or, having things to take,
In such a busy time
The cloudmaker blundered:
And the Donkey poured out almost like a small squirrel.
Nobody noticed the donkey,
Although in arrogance the Donkey was not inferior to anyone.
The donkey would like to magnify:
But what? having such a growth
And ashamed to appear in the light.
My arrogant donkey stuck to Jupiter
And growth began to ask for more.
“Have mercy,” he says: “how can you take it down?
Lions, leopards and elephants are everywhere such an honor;
Moreover, from great to least,
Everything about them is only about them;
Why are you so dashing to the Donkeys,
That they have no honor,
And about Donkeys, no one says a word?
And if I were only as tall as a calf,
That would be arrogant from the lions and from the leopards I knocked down,
And the whole world would talk about me.
What a day, then again
My donkey also sang to Zeus;
And before that he was tired
What is finally praying donkey
Zeus obeyed:
And the Donkey became a great beast;
And besides that, he was given such a wild voice,
That my eared Hercules
The whole forest was frightened.
"What kind of animal is that? what kind?
Chai, is he toothy? horns, tea, no number?
Well, only speeches went that about the Donkey.
But how did it all end? Not even a year has passed
How did everyone know who the Donkey is:
My donkey entered the proverb with stupidity.
And on the Donkey they already carry water.
___
In breed and in ranks, highness is good;
But what is gained in it when the soul is low?
Monkey and glasses
The monkey has become weak in his eyes in old age;
And she heard people
That this evil is not yet so big:
You just need to get glasses.
She got half a dozen glasses for herself;
Twirls his glasses this way and that:
Now he will press them to the crown, then he will string them on the tail,
Now he sniffs them, then he licks them;
The glasses don't work at all.
"Ugh abyss! - she says: - and that fool,
Who listens to all human lies:
Everything about Points was just lied to me;
And there is no use for hair in them.
The monkey is here with annoyance and sadness
O stone so sufficed them,
That only the spray sparkled.
___
Unfortunately, the same thing happens to people:
No matter how useful a thing is, without knowing its price,
The ignoramus about her tends to get worse;
And if the ignorant is more knowledgeable,
So he keeps pushing her.
atheists
There was a people in ancient times, to the shame of earthly tribes.
Which before that hardened in hearts,
That he armed himself against the gods.
Rebellious crowds, behind a thousand banners,
Some with a bow, some with a sling, noisily, rush into the field.
Instigators, from remote heads,
To set fire to more riots among the people,
They shout that the court of heaven is both strict and stupid;
That the gods either sleep or rule recklessly;
That it's time to teach them without ranks;
Which, however, from the nearby mountains with stones is not difficult
Toss into the sky at the gods
And sweep Olympus with arrows.
Confused by the insolence of madmen and blasphemy,
All Olympus approached Zeus with a prayer,
To avert misfortune;
And even the whole council of the gods of those thoughts was,
Which, to the conviction of the rebels, is not bad
Reveal a little miracle
Or a flood, or thunder with a coward,
Or at least hit them with stone rain.
"Let's wait"
Jupiter rok: “and if they don’t reconcile
And in a riot they will squabble, not fearing the immortals,
They are executed by their deeds."
Here with a noise in the air soared
Darkness of stones, a cloud of arrows from the armies of the rebellious,
But with a thousand deaths, both evil and inevitable,
Heads collapsed on their own.
___
The fruits of unbelief are terrible;
And know, peoples, you
That the imaginary sages of blasphemy are bold,
What are you armed against the deity,
Your disastrous hour is drawing near,
And all will turn into thunder arrows for you.
Eagle and chickens
Wishing on a bright day to fully admire,
The eagle flew in the sky
And he walked there
Where lightning will be born.
Descending at last from the cloudy heights,
The king bird sits down on the barn to rest.
Although this is an unenviable roost for the Eagle,
But the Kings have their own quirks:
Perhaps he wanted to honor the barn,
Or was not close, he should sit down in order,
No oak, no granite rock;
I don't know what the thought is, but just now the Eagle
Didn't sit much
And then he flew to another barn.
Seeing that, crested hen
Interprets like this with his godfather:
“Why are the Eagles in such honor?
Really for the flight, dear neighbor?
Well, right, if I want,
From barn to barn and I will fly.
Let's not go forward such fools
To honor Orlov more noble than us.
No more than ours, they have neither legs nor eyes;
Yes, you saw now
That below they fly like chickens.
The eagle answers, bored with nonsense by those:
"You're right, but not entirely.
Eagles happen to descend below chickens;
But chickens will never rise to the clouds!”
___
When you judge talents, -
Consider their weaknesses labors do not waste;
But, feeling that they are both strong and beautiful,
Know how different they are to comprehend the heights.
He became famous for his unusual literary style. His fables, where instead of people the participants are representatives of animals and insects, symbolizing certain human qualities and behaviors, always make sense, a message. "The moral of this fable is this" - has become a popular expression of the fabulist.
List of Krylov's fables
Why do we love Krylov's fables
Krylov's fables are familiar to every person, they are taught at school, read at leisure, read by adults and children. The works of this author are suitable for any category of readers. He himself washed away the fables to show this and teach something through not boring moralizing, but interesting fairy tales. The main characters of Krylov are usually animals, the author, using their example, shows various situations and a way out of them. Fables teach to be kind, honest, friendly. On the example of animal conversations, the essence of human qualities is revealed, vices are shown.
Take for example the most popular fables. "The Crow and the Fox" shows the narcissism of the bird, the way it shows and behaves, and the way the fox flatters her. This makes us remember situations from life, because now there are a lot of people who are capable of everything in order to get what they want, of course, going towards your goal is commendable, but if it does not harm others. So the fox in the fable did everything to get her cherished piece of cheese. This fable teaches you to be attentive to what you are told, and to the one who tells you this, not to trust and not to break away from the unfamiliar.
The Quartet fable shows us the Donkey, the Goat, the Bear and the Monkey who started to create a quartet, they all have neither skills nor hearing. Everyone perceived this fable differently, some thought that it ridiculed the meetings of literary societies, while others saw in this is an example of state councils. But in the end, we can say that this work teaches an elementary understanding that work requires knowledge and skills.
"Pig under the Oak" In it, the author reveals to the reader such qualities as ignorance, laziness, selfishness and ingratitude. These features are revealed thanks to the image of the Pig, for which the main thing in life is to eat and sleep, but she doesn’t even care where the acorns come from.
The main advantage of Krylov's fables is that their perception by a person is very easy, the lines are written in simple language, so they are easy to remember. Many people like fables and are still relevant today, because they are instructive, teach honesty, work and help the weak.
The beauty of Krylov's fables.
Ivan Andreevich Krylov is the most famous fabulist in the whole world. Children get acquainted with his instructive and wise works at an early age. Not a few generations grew up and were brought up on Krylov's fables.
A bit from the biography of Krylov.
The Krylov family lived in Tver. Father is not a rich man, an army captain. As a child, the young poet learned to write and read from his father, then he studied French. Krylov studied little, but read a lot and listened to common folk stories. And thanks to his self-development, he was one of the most educated people of his century. After the death of his father, as a teenager, he went with his family to St. Petersburg, where he entered the service.
After the army, he actively began his literary activity. The playwright first made translations, wrote tragedies, but later his soul became addicted to the satirical genre of literature.
In 1844, the writer died of pneumonia, and as a last gift to his friends and family, Krylov left a collection of fables. On the cover of each copy was engraved: "An offering in memory of Ivan Andreevich, at his request."
About Krylov's fables.
As mentioned above, Ivan Andreevich Krylov tried himself in various literary genres before settling on fables. He gave his works "for judgment" to friends, among whom were such as Dmitriev, Lobanov. When Krylov brought Dmitriev a translation from the French fables of Lafontaine, he exclaimed: “this is your true family; finally you found it."
Throughout his life, Ivan Andreevich published 236 fables. The poet also wrote satirical magazines. In all his humorous works, Krylov denounced the shortcomings of the Russian people, ridiculed the vices of man, and most importantly, he taught people moral and moral qualities.
Each Krylov's fable has its own structure, most often two parts are distinguished: morality (at the beginning or at the end of the work) and the fable itself. Ivan Andreevich basically showed and ridiculed the problems of society through the prism on the example of the animal world. The main characters of the fables are all kinds of animals, birds and insects. The fabulist described life situations in which the characters behaved inappropriately, then in morality Krylov taught his readers, showing how to get out of these situations.
This is the beauty of Krylov's fables, he taught people about life, he explained the norms of morality and etiquette using fairy tales as an example.
Ivan Andreevich Krylov (1769-1844) is best known as the author of fables, although his work is much more diverse.
He was a publicist, poet, prose writer, publisher of satirical and educational magazines.
From the biography
Krylov's father served in a dragoon regiment, but he began his service as a simple soldier. He received the nobility already in his mature years, and distinguished himself by the fact that in January 1774 he did not surrender the fortress to Pugachev. This story of A.S. Pushkin mentioned in the "History of Pugachev" and in the story "The Captain's Daughter". Born in Moscow, Krylov spent his childhood traveling with his family. He was taught to read and write by his father, who loved to read. But his father died when the future fabulist was not yet 10 years old. Young Krylov's career began as a scribe, and although he studied little, he read a lot and gradually began to write. His first literary experiments were still not perfect enough (the opera libretto "The Coffee House", the tragedies "Cleopatra" and "Philomela", etc.), but Krylov did not give up writing. In 1789, he founded the monthly satirical magazine Spirits' Mail, in which he depicted the shortcomings of modern Russian society in a fantastic way. A total of 8 issues were published, and then the publication was stopped due to the dissatisfaction of the authorities.
I. Eggink “Portrait of I.A. Krylov"
In 1792, Krylov began publishing the literary magazine Spectator. At this time, he already forms the center of the literary circle. In 1793, this magazine was renamed "Saint-Petersburg Mercury". Krylov is published in it as a lyricist and imitator of Derzhavin's poems. "Mercury" lasted only one year and did not have much success.
In literary and secular Petersburg, Krylov was known not only as the author of comedies and other works, but also as a kind of walking anecdote. He himself created myths and anecdotes about himself: about his amazing appetite, sloppiness, laziness, love of fires, amazing willpower, wit, popularity, etc. Was Krylov really lazy? One cannot agree with this - his manuscripts indicate that he carefully worked on his fables, constantly correcting them, achieving accuracy and aphorism. The publication of magazines also required diligence and labor. And then there was a service in the Imperial Public Library for almost 30 years (1812-1841). Krylov replenished the library funds, served readers, created a system for cataloging Russian books, which is still relevant today.
In 1797, he left for the Zubrilovka estate of Prince S.F. Golitsyn as a teacher of children, a secretary, etc. At this time, Krylov already had a broad and versatile education. In 1801, Prince Golitsyn was appointed Governor-General of Riga, and Krylov decided to be his secretary. In 1803 he retired.
The beginning of fable creativity
In 1805, Krylov translated two of La Fontaine's fables from French. I.I. Dmitriev, to whom Krylov showed his experiments, approved them: “This is your true family; finally you found it." Thus began the career of Krylov the fabulist.
Krylov's fables begin to be studied in elementary school, but their deep meaning sometimes becomes available only in adulthood. This is some mystery of Krylov. It's not as simple as it seems.
Most of Krylov's fables are original works, but he borrowed some themes from Aesop, La Fontaine, Phaedrus.
But Krylov's fables, including translated ones, are unique and deeply national in language, philosophy, and spirit. He first studied, and then used in his fables that common dialect, which was understandable to every Russian person - from a nobleman to a peasant. Krylov managed not only to comprehend the spirit of the Russian people, but also to express it in his fables.
Children of any era need education, in the instructions of adults. And this role of educators is still performed by Krylov's fables, although, as we have already said, the deep meaning of his fables is sometimes available only to adults.
236 fables by I.A. Krylov. Many expressions from his fables have become winged and are relevant today. For example, the fable "Swan, Cancer and Pike". The phrase “when there is no agreement among the comrades, their business will not go smoothly” is used if they want to emphasize the disunity of those who have taken up some business together. What about the situation in Russia in the 1990s? Isn't this the situation of a swan, cancer and pike? An allusion (hint) to "Swan, Cancer and Pike" is often found in politicians' speeches, headlines of media articles, parodies, cartoons: "and things are still there" - that is, the matter has not moved forward.
In various life situations, Krylov's sharp and wise words often pop up in his head.
The task of any fabulist is to expose the shortcomings of man and society, which the human race has been suffering from for a long time. Therefore, the plots of fables are so similar among fabulists from different countries. And Krylov also borrowed most of his stories from Lafontaine, who, in turn, from Aesop, Phaedrus, etc. But Krylov always filled the borrowed plot with Russian realities, and he got a Russian national fable.
Themes of Krylov's fables
Socio-political topics
Krylov believed that power should be strong, but wise, fair, and if “the strong always have the powerless to blame,” then this speaks of the arbitrariness of power and lawlessness.
I. Krylov
wolf and lamb 
With the strong, the weak is always to blame:
That is why we hear a lot of examples in History,
But we do not write stories;
But about how they talk in fables.
***
On a hot day a lamb went to the stream to drink;
And it's gotta be bad luck
That near those places a hungry wolf roamed.
He sees the lamb, he strives for prey;
But, to give the case a legitimate look and sense,
Shouts: "How dare you, insolent, with an unclean snout
Here is pure muddy drink
My
With sand and silt?
For such audacity
I'll rip your head off!"
When the brightest Wolf allows,
I dare to convey that down the stream
From the lordship of his steps I drink a hundred;
And in vain he will deign to be angry:
I can't make him drink.
- That's why I'm lying!
Waste! Have you ever heard such insolence in the world!
Yes, I remember that you are still in last summer
Here I was somehow rude:
I haven't forgotten that, mate!
- Pardon me, I'm not even a year old, -
The lamb speaks.
So it was your brother.
- I have no brothers.
- So this is kum il matchmaker
And, in a word, someone from your own family.
You yourself, your dogs and your shepherds,
You all want me bad
And if you can, then always harm me,
But I will reconcile their sins with you!
- Oh, what's my fault?
- Shut up! I'm tired of listening
Leisure time for me to sort out your guilt, puppy!
It's your fault that I want to eat.
He said - and dragged the Lamb into the dark forest.
(1808). The plot of the fable is borrowed from Aesop.
On the same topic, the fable "The Cat and the Cook."
Enlightenment Theme
On this subject, the fables “Cabin”, “Curious”, “Pig under the oak”, etc. Only stupid and ignorant people can scold science and learning.
I. Krylov
Pig under the oak 
Pig under the ancient oak
I ate acorns to my fill, to satiety;
Having eaten, she slept under it;
Then, tearing her eyes, she got up
And she began to undermine the roots of Oak with her snout.
“After all, it harms the tree, -
The raven says to her from Oak, -
If you expose the roots, it may dry up.
“Let it dry,” says the Pig, “
It doesn't bother me at all;
I see little use in it;
Even if you don’t be a century, I won’t regret it at all,
If only there were acorns: after all, I get fat from them. -
“Ungrateful! - Oak said to her here, -
Whenever you could raise your snout,
You would have seen
That these acorns are growing on me.
* * *
The ignoramus is also in blindness
Defends science and learning,
And all learned works
Not feeling that he is eating their fruits.
But, on the other hand, a certain measure is also needed in teaching, because Excessive wisdom leads to a dead end. About this fable "Cabin".
Historical themes
Krylov wittily responded to various events in the country. The fable "The Wolf in the Kennel" is connected with the Patriotic War of 1812, when Napoleon (Wolf) tried to conclude a peace favorable to him, but Kutuzov (Lovchiy) unraveled the enemy's plan and was able to adequately answer him.
I. Krylov
Wolf in the kennel 
The wolf at night, thinking to climb into the sheepfold,
Went to the kennel.
Suddenly the whole kennel rose up:
Feeling the gray so close to the bully,
The dogs are flooded in the stables and are eager to fight.
Houndsmen shout: “Oh, guys, thief!” -
And in a moment the gate is locked;
In a minute, the kennel became hell.
They run: another with a club,
Another with a gun.
"Fire! - shout, - fire! They came with fire.
My Wolf is sitting, huddled in a corner with his back,
Clicking teeth and bristling wool,
With his eyes, it seems that he would like to eat everyone;
But, seeing what is not in front of the herd
And what comes at last
He will comb for the sheep, my trickster set off
In negotiations
And he began like this: “Friends! Why all this noise?
I, your old matchmaker and godfather,
I came to put up with you, not at all for the sake of a quarrel;
Let's forget the past, set a common mood!
And I will not only continue not to touch the local herds,
But he himself is happy to squabble for them with others
And with a wolf's oath I affirm
What am I...” - “Listen, neighbor, -
Here the hunter interrupted in response, -
You are gray, and I, buddy, are gray,
And I have long known your wolf nature;
That is why my custom is:
With wolves, otherwise do not make the world,
Like skinning them off.”
And then he released a flock of hounds on the Wolf.
(1812)
In Moscow, Napoleon expected a deputation from the Russians, but in vain. Then he sent General Loriston to Kutuzov with an offer of peace, but he replied: “I will be cursed by posterity if they recognize me as the first culprit of any kind of truce. This is the true spirit of my people.”
There is a legend that Krylov personally rewrote the fable and handed it over to Kutuzov. After the battle near Krasnoye Kutuzov, he read the fable to the assembled officers and, at the words: “And I, buddy, sit down ...”, he took off his white cap and shook his bowed head.
A response to other events in the life of Russia at that time are the fables "Quartet", "Swan, Pike and Cancer", etc.
Literary-journal struggle
The fables "The Donkey and the Nightingale", "Demyan's Ear", "The Cuckoo and the Rooster" and others are devoted to this topic.
household fables
Household fables are the most numerous. They talk about various life situations in which people show their true qualities - good or evil. Human vices are exposed: idleness (“Dragonfly and Ant”), flattery (“Crow and Fox”), ignorance (“Monkey and Glasses”), ingratitude (“Wolf and Crane”), vanity (“Geese”) and other low manifestations human being.
I. Krylov
Wolf and Mouse 
From the herd of the gray wolf
He dragged a sheep into the forest, into a secluded corner,
Of course, not to visit:
The poor glutton skinned the lamb,
And so he took it away
That the teeth crunched bones.
But no matter how greedy he was, he could not eat everything;
Left a supply for dinner and lay down beside
Soak up, take a breath from a greasy lunch.
Here is his close neighbor,
Little mouse, the smell of the revel attracted.
Between the mosses and bumps, he quietly crept,
Grabbed a piece of meat - and quickly got away with it
To your home, in the hollow.
Seeing the kidnapping
My wolf
He raised a howl through the forest;
He shouts: “Sentry! robbery!
Stop the thief! Ruin:
They plundered my property!”
I saw the same adventure in the city:
The thief stole the cups from Judge Klimych,
And he shouts at the thief: guard!
Monument to Krylov in St. Petersburg. Sculptor Klodt
We love to read Krylov's fables since childhood. Krylov's images are stored in memory, which often pop up in our heads in various life situations, we turn to them and each time we never cease to be surprised at Krylov's insight.
It happens that you remember the Pug who barks at the Elephant to give the impression of being brave and fearless, or suddenly the Monkey pops up in front of your eyes, which mocked itself, not recognizing the reflection in the Mirror. Laughter, and more! And how often there are meetings that are involuntarily compared with the Monkey, who, out of her own ignorance, not knowing the value of Points, broke them against a stone. Krylov's little fables are short in size, but not in meaning, because Krylov's word is sharp, and the morals of the fables have long turned into popular expressions. Krylov's fables accompany us through life, become related to us and at any time they will find understanding in us and help us re-realize values.
Krylov is a famous writer. Of all the children's poems and fables, Krylov's works are always the very best, they cut into memory and emerge during life when they meet with human vices. It is often said that, they say, Krylov did not write for children, but is the meaning of his fables not clear to children? Morality is usually clearly written, so even the smallest child can read Krylov's fables with benefit.
On our site, we place the best works of the author in the original presentation, and also highlight morality separately for convenience and better memorization of sometimes philosophical thoughts. Both a child and an adult will find a lot of meaning in these little life stories in which animals symbolize people, their vices and ridiculous behavior. Krylov's fables online are remarkable in that they contain not only text, but also a remarkable picture, easy navigation, informative facts and reasoning. After reading, the author will surely become your favorite, and his life essays in the form of humorous fables will be remembered for many years.
The fabulist led an absolutely open life, talked a lot, printed books one after another and did not at all shy away from his obesity and laziness. The oddities that happened to Krylov were expressed by him in instructive scenes, the simplicity of which is deceptive. He was not a fabulist, he was a thinker-philosopher, capable of comically describing the shortcomings of people in a stunning form accessible only to him with childish unobtrusiveness and ease. No need to look for satire in Krylov's fables, their value does not end there. The content and meaning is philosophical rather than humorous. In addition to human vices, the truths of being, the foundations of behavior and relationships between people are presented in an easy form. Each fable is a combination of wisdom, morality and humor.
Start reading Krylov's fables to your child from an early age. They will show him what to watch out for in life, what behavior others condemn and what they can encourage. The laws of life according to Krylov are natural and wise, he despises artificiality and self-interest. Morality, cleansed of any impurities and trends, is understandable and concise, contains a division between right and wrong. The remarkable manner of writing has led to the fact that each morality has become a folk proverb or a cheerful aphorism. The works are written in such a language that, although they look like literary forms, they actually carry the intonations and mockery inherent only in the great folk mind. Krylov's little fables changed the general view of this genre. Innovation manifested itself in realism, a philosophical note and worldly wisdom. Fables have become small novels, sometimes dramas, in which the accumulated wisdom and cunning of the mind manifested itself over the centuries. It is remarkable that with all this, the author did not turn the fable into a satirical poem, but managed to preserve a deep meaningful part, consisting of a short story and morality.
Krylov's fable penetrated the essence of things, the characters' characters and became a genre almost unattainable by other authors. Despite the satire, the fabulist loved life in all its manifestations, only he would very much like simple and natural truths to finally replace low passions. The fable genre under his pen has become so high and refined that, after re-reading the fables of other authors, you will understand that there is no other like it, and it is unlikely to be.
In the section of Krylov's fables online, we invite you to get acquainted with folk wisdom. Short philosophical works will not leave indifferent neither children nor adults.