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Well, a very amazing substance that has all the basic properties of metals. That's just the form to betray him is problematic.

We present you interesting facts about mercury.

one). Did you know that mercury is the only metal that is constantly in a liquid state at our usual ambient temperature?

2). Mercury is a good conductor of electricity.

That is why this metal is added to the contact of switches.

3). Mercury is incompatible with only two metals - iron and platinum. With the rest, she quite "gets along well" and creates mixed alloys with her participation.

four). Mercury is obtained from an ore such as cinnabar by heating. Thus, mercury is released from cinnabar.

5). Mercury salts have a lot of useful properties. So, antiseptics are made from salt chloride, and explosive ammunition is made from fulminate.

6). Do you know another name for mercury? "Living silver" - this name has taken root to the metal because of its color and "motor capabilities".

7). Everyone knows about the toxicity and dangers of mercury. However, in practice there are quite different indicators. So, some people who decided to commit suicide with mercury injected it through the veins or simply drank it. The result was not death.

Moreover, the victims lived for more than 10 years and died from completely different diseases. It turns out that the danger of mercury is exaggerated?

eight). Previously, metallic mercury was used to treat intestinal volvulus. However, during the course of such experiments, it was found that the effectiveness of this treatment tends to zero, but the risk of getting a stomach rupture is 10 out of 10. The use of such a mercury medicine had to be abandoned.

9). Mercury is involved in oil refining. So, with the help of this particular metal, it is possible to regulate the optimal temperature for the process, which plays a dominant role for oil.

ten). Mercury is a very heavy metal. So, if you pour mercury into a 1 liter flask, then the mass will be almost 7 kg.

eleven). Previously, mercury was even included in some "laxative" drugs. The only disadvantage of this is that if the body "does not give up its processing" there will be severe mercury poisoning.

Other interesting facts about mercury can be found on the Web pages of the Internet.

Mercury is poison!

The presentation was made by

physical education teacher

MBOU Grekovo-Stepanovskaya secondary school

Bedenko Galina Mikhailovna

Mercury

• Each of us has a medical thermometer at home, in other words, a thermometer. But it is so fragile, made of thin glass, and if there are still children in the apartment who can inadvertently break it ... We all know that the thermometer contains mercury. And a parent's nightmare is to come home from work to see a broken thermometer on the floor and a small amount of characteristic shiny balls-drops of metallic mercury. Is this mercury dangerous for humans, is it dangerous to get into the internal environment of the apartment, is there a danger of a thermometer for children?

If the thermometer breaks...

Is a broken thermometer dangerous to human health if it happened in an apartment?

If mercury was collected immediately, then no, it is not dangerous. If not immediately, but after a certain period of time, then it’s not scary either. 1 gram of metallic mercury is a small amount to cause an increase in vapor concentration to critical levels. Intensive ventilation - and the air is almost clean.

The danger exists in the following cases:

1. mercury got on upholstered furniture, carpets, parquet cracks, children's toys, clothes, rolled under the baseboards.

2. mercury was not collected, but was spread on the soles of slippers or boots throughout the apartment by an inattentive or careless tenant, or a child.

3. mercury got into the digestive tract of a person (more often a child).

The worst case is the third one. In such a situation, the clinical picture of poisoning manifests itself immediately: Vomiting, suffocation, blueness and other signs that cannot be overlooked. An ambulance must be called immediately.

In the first case, the danger lies in the fact that the pile of the carpet, upholstered furniture very well absorbs small drops of mercury, which can be completely invisible in the structure of the fabric, but, nevertheless, actively evaporate into the internal air of the room.

The same is true in the second case: mercury gets into the cracks of the parquet, into the pores of the linoleum throughout the apartment and evaporates evenly, filling the internal air with toxic fumes.

What to do if the thermometer is broken

1. Ventilate the room, put on protective equipment

2. Collect with wet cotton wool, paper, suck with a syringe, syringe, sweep with a brush or using a copper plate, wire in a jar of water

3. Transfer to a special service or civil defense headquarters

Is one broken thermometer enough to "poison" the air in an apartment?

No. If a thermometer is broken in the apartment and mercury is not removed, then the concentration of vapors usually does not exceed the MPC.

What Not to Do

1. Do not touch with bare hands and inhale the vapors for a long time.

2. You can not collect mercury with a vacuum cleaner, broom, magnet.

3. Mercury must not be flushed down the drain, thrown into the garbage chute, into the street.

How dangerous is mercury in indoor air?

According to the Russian Sanitary Standards (SanPiN), the permissible maximum concentration of mercury in the indoor air of a dwelling is 0.0003 mg/m 3 . According to doctors, in a healthy adult, signs of chronic mercury poisoning begin to occur when this concentration is exceeded. in the air of the living room 2-3 times. However, for children, a 1.5-fold excess is enough .

It should be borne in mind that if the apartment in which you live is not new, then there is a possibility that thermometers have already been broken in it and the remnants of “old” mercury vapors can, together with “new”, exceed the MPC level.

How long will mercury stay in the apartment if it is not collected?

Under ideal conditions (good ventilation), mercury in this amount (less than 1 gram) will evaporate in a few months without causing harm to human health.

First steps

1. The very first thing to do if the thermometer crashes is to remove all its inhabitants from the room. Let children and animals spend some time outside or with friends, otherwise they may accidentally touch the silver balls and swallow them.

3. If you do not want to call the Ministry of Emergency Situations when the device crashed, and intend to cope on your own, then you must wear gloves and a cotton-gauze bandage. The bandage is moistened in a solution of soda with water (a large spoonful of soda per glass).

4. Put plastic bags on your shoes so that you do not dispose of indoor slippers later.

5. If you do not have a bandage, then it is very quickly made at home from a bandage folded in several layers. Or you can just go to the nearest pharmacy and buy a bandage and disposable shoe covers.

6. First, fragments of a broken thermometer are collected from the floor, and then proceed to mercury.

Mercury Collection Tools

How to collect mercury from the floor. Do not throw it in the household waste bin. Usually a container of water (jar) is used because water prevents the mercury from evaporating. You need to take a jar that can be screwed on with a lid. Here's how you can collect liquid metal that scattered on the floor in small balls:

• rubber syringe;
• syringe;
• wet cotton;
• wet newspaper;
• copper plate;
• tassel.
• We collect all the collected mercury from a broken thermometer in a jar of water, and after cleaning, you can also put your tool there, with which you collected poisonous metal. The bank is twisted and transferred to the employees of the sanitary and epidemiological service.
• Instead of a jar, mercury balls can be swept with a brush or brush into a paper envelope, and then the remains can be collected with a wet newspaper. All the mercury that you have collected, after the thermometer has broken, is placed, in the end, in an airtight container, a strong plastic bag or a rubber glove.

Wet cleaning

Try to collect all the mercury without using a vacuum cleaner (!!!), treat the floor and objects on which mercury has fallen with a solution of potassium permanganate (concentration is optional), or a chlorine-containing preparation. In the future, it is desirable to regularly wash the floor with a chlorine-containing preparation (several times) and intensive ventilation.

Carpet and furniture

In some cases, mercury from a thermometer can get on the carpet. What should be done and what means to use in this sad case?

The first thing you want to do when the device with mercury crashed is to collect everything with a vacuum cleaner. However, it will spread the already formed fumes throughout the room, plus the mercury inside will heat up and begin to evaporate intensively, and then you will have to clean the vacuum cleaner(or throw away).

The carpet must be taken outside, if you live in your own house, you can leave it for a few days to let it ventilate.

• If you broke the device and mercury got on the furniture, you need to wipe it with a strong solution of potassium permanganate, however, some surfaces may become stained from this. Ventilate the room well every day and do not sit in it for a long time. Over time, the mercury will evaporate and weather.

How not to collect mercury

Many people try to collect mercury from the floor with a broom or vacuum cleaner. You can’t do this, because then it will be very difficult to get the metal from the twigs of the broom, as well as from the inside of the vacuum cleaner. If the broom is easy to dispose of, then the situation is different with a vacuum cleaner. Using a vacuum cleaner that is poorly cleaned of mercury later, you will spread harmful metal fumes throughout your home.

Some people have a desire to collect the mercury of a broken thermometer with a magnet, but this will not work, because, despite its metallic luster, mercury is a diamagnet. Moreover, when you try to collect the balls with a magnet, they can roll away. A diamagnet really interacts with a magnetic field, only very weakly and does not attract, but repels from the magnet.

• Let's explain why you can't throw away mercury and a broken thermometer in a trash can or in a toilet bowl. If you do that, the mercury will move from your home into the surrounding atmosphere. It can settle on sewer pipes and get into the ground and air, end up on the wheels of a car, etc. Of course, a small amount of it is unlikely to harm the environment, but if all people do this, then in the end we ourselves will create an environment that is dangerous to health. Let's at least think a little and take care of ourselves.

Why is mercury dangerous?

Mercury is a liquid metal that we most often see in a liquid state at home. The fact that this substance is toxic was known in antiquity, so they treated it with caution. The vapors of this liquid metal can cause severe poisoning.

When exposed to mercury or its compounds on the body, diseases of the nervous system, kidneys, eyes, skin occur, immunity deteriorates, and general well-being worsens. Young children are highly susceptible to its influence.

If it seems to you that you do not feel anything when you are constantly near a broken thermometer, then this feeling is deceptive. The fact is that mercury can accumulate in the body, that is, it is a cumulative poison, and over time, poisoning will make itself felt. You will feel headaches and weakness, and ordinary pills will not help you.

Don't throw away used batteries ki

Why are the substances in the battery dangerous to humans? Lead n accumulates mainly in the kidneys. It also causes brain diseases, nervous disorders. Cadmium n accumulates in the liver, kidneys, bones and thyroid gland. It is a carcinogen, meaning it causes cancer. Mercury in affects the brain, nervous system, kidneys and liver. Causes nervous disorders, deterioration of vision, hearing, disorders of the motor apparatus, diseases of the respiratory system. Children are the most vulnerable. Metallic mercury is poison. According to the degree of impact on the human body, mercury belongs to the 1st hazard class - “extremely hazardous substances”. Regardless of the routes of entry into the body, mercury accumulates in the kidneys.

Damage to used batteries

1. According to scientists, the harm of used batteries is much worse than we can imagine: one battery, for example, can poison more than 400 liters of water and pollute about 20 square meters of soil. Of course, the dangers of batteries also extend to people in whom toxic waste can cause permanent damage and diseases such as cancer, brain, kidney and liver diseases.

2. Another reason why batteries should not be thrown away is the presence of lead dioxin in their composition, and other, no less dangerous dioxins, which, when ignited, can affect the body of a person located at a distance of several tens of kilometers.

Do not throw away batteries

1. Most of us, having learned why batteries should not be thrown away, wonder: if they are so dangerous, then where to throw away batteries so that they do not cause so much harm? The answer to this question is categorical - batteries cannot be thrown away! In addition, batteries must not be incinerated, thrown into bodies of water, or buried in the ground. How to dispose of batteries in this case?

2. Disposal of batteries is extremely expensive, so there are only a few recycling plants in the world that recycle batteries into environmentally friendly waste.

3. Remember, even the safest, according to manufacturers, batteries can cause irreparable harm not only to the nature around you, but also to you personally, to your family and to every inhabitant of our planet. Therefore, it is your duty to hand over the batteries for recycling, the observance of which will allow us to enjoy life in a clean land. In the meantime, store used batteries in a plastic bottle with a tightly screw cap.

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