RF special forces equipment. Special forces uniform: camouflage features and possible colors. Buying uniforms for special forces in the online store "Attack"

27.10.2019

“A soldier does not need extra property!” - these words of a famous song can be the motto of those specialists who are developing a set of equipment worn by military personnel in combat conditions or during exercises imitating such.

But with all the minimization of the soldier's needs, the warrior must have everything necessary to complete the task. This is especially true of the issue of equipping the fighters of those units that are commonly called special. Sometimes too much depends on their actions.

It turns out that not so little special forces need. And the farther, the more things are needed in battle.

All these items, each of which can be used at the most critical moment of the battle, are generally called equipment.

Concentrated Experience

It could be assumed that the very first item on the list of things needed in battle is assigned to weapons. This, of course, is true, but machine guns, machine guns, pistols, grenade launchers, flamethrowers and other deadly gizmos are in a completely separate category, and do not belong to equipment.

But uniforms, shoes, hats, backpacks, body armor, flasks and much more can be designated with this word. An ordinary ordinary fighter should be dressed comfortably, according to the time of year and the climatic zone in which the service takes place. But there are also special troops. They will be discussed.

Of course, the special elite units of any army rely on the equipment corresponding to the complexity of the tasks performed. The equipment of special forces is the embodied concentrated military experience of mankind, accumulated over many centuries in conjunction with the latest technological advances.

Suvorov outfit

In ancient times, the troops transported everything they needed in wagon trains following the army columns. Foragers, marketers and other heroes of military supplies carried out the difficult mission of obtaining and delivering all that without which the army cannot wage war. Soldiers on the march, as a rule, carried weapons, a certain amount of ammunition and a satchel or bag in which simple military belongings were placed. During the Suvorov campaigns, the Russian army, which was distinguished by its special mobility, took a slightly different approach. A soldier had to have with him everything necessary for survival and even helping a comrade in trouble. The weight came out considerable, but the principle of increased autonomy as a whole justified itself. The equipment of the Russian special forces is formed taking into account the continuity of this tradition.

Special forces of the war years

The modern equipment of even the most ordinary soldier is much more functional than the equipment of a warrior of World War II, Korean, Vietnam, Afghan and most other wars of the twentieth century. In the USSR, the issue of military supplies was rather simplistic, believing (and not without reason) that our soldier is already good, and will give odds to anyone else simply due to his endurance, unpretentiousness and readiness for inconvenience. Yes, in the Soviet Army they really did without carbide lamps (which were in the backpack of every German soldier), toilet paper, condoms and many other items unnecessary in battle. The duffel bag contained spare footcloths, a change of linen, some crackers and dry rations (if the suppliers went too far), as well as “letters from the mother and a handful of native land” sung by poets. But even in the difficult war years, the equipment of the special forces took into account the special, complicated combat conditions; both special footwear and lightweight clothing were used in it, in which it is warm in the cold and cool in the heat. After all, a front-line reconnaissance or saboteur most often had a long, full of danger path through enemy rear lines. Every gram counted, every kilocalorie of food counted. And still required invisibility and noiselessness.

The main requirement for the equipment of a reconnaissance saboteur during the war years was not its convenience, but the ability to disguise a fighter on the ground. The scientific approach to this issue was then only being formed, but certain developments already existed.

Intelligence services of the post-war era

In the post-war years, attention to the issues of ammunition only increased. Ever since the Stalin era, a number of intelligence services have been created in the USSR, each of which had its own departments, independent of each other. Such an organization of information support for the country's leadership, despite departmental disunity, is fully justified. You can compare information obtained from different sources, and draw conclusions about their reliability. Today it is difficult to judge which of the departments was the most effective, but there is no doubt that, along with the all-powerful Committee of State Security, the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defense made a significant contribution to the defense of the Motherland on invisible fronts. Each of these services, modestly called competent, had special units. The requirements for their employees were not just high, they can be called unique. And, of course, the country supplied them with everything necessary to carry out especially important tasks. The equipment of the special forces of the Soviet intelligence services was created in secret institutions, and experienced saboteurs who had gone through more than one war served as consultants.

Glavrazvedupr

An army intelligence officer may work abroad illegally, with or without diplomatic cover. In this case, he walks around in a good civilian suit, speaks the language of the country in which he lives, and without an accent, and tries to be like an ordinary citizen in everything. they even forbade wearing sunglasses, so as not to match the cinematic image of the "red spy" in any way. Another thing is if such an officer performs a special mission during hostilities. The equipment of the GRU special forces, depending on climatic conditions and the nature of the tasks, was completed in different ways. For example, in the tropics, the so-called "net", woven from a special rope, was an indispensable item of clothing. Mosquitoes, mosquitoes and other blood-sucking insects, even piercing clothes with their stingers, could not reach the skin with them, and the air layer contributed to better heat transfer. The shoes were also special, with a heel at the toe, in order to mislead possible pursuers (of course, not very experienced ones) as to the direction of movement. The equipment of the GRU special forces also included a special saboteur jacket, in the tailoring of which everything was taken into account based on the rich experience of army intelligence.

What else is meant by the word "equipment"?

There is no bad weather, there are inappropriate clothes. This English proverb is quite suitable for the uniform of special forces. Special forces equipment, however, is not only jackets, boots and pants. Conventionally, it is divided into several functional sections, although many of them overlap. So, for example, the "survival knife" can be attributed to weapons, and to means of protection, and to special elements. In addition to clothing, the equipment of the Russian special forces and special units of other countries includes protective equipment, communications, navigation, life support, as well as a first aid kit, satellites and special devices. Some of these equipment groups are worth considering separately.

Vietnamese experience

In Vietnam, the Americans put on Kevlar body armor for the first time. Movies about these tragic sixties, both documentary and fictional, testify to the fact that ordinary GIs wore dirty green cotton uniforms and metal helmets, sometimes covered with cloth or mesh covers so that they did not glare in the sun. American special forces equipment was more complex and perfect. The uniform had a spotted bulletproof vest protected from fire weapons, the "green berets" had individual means of communication (ISS), which helped to better coordinate the actions of the units.

Helmet

The helmet, which everyone has become accustomed to since the First World War, was originally designed to protect the soldier’s head from saber strikes and stone fragments, and not at all from bullets or shrapnel. The very first attempt to give it the ability to withstand the effects of small arms is associated with the world-famous "horns" of the German helmet. German inventors planned to mount additional armor plates on them. The bullet did not really take the helmet, but they could not withstand the blow, and the soldier still died. Modern special forces equipment includes a helmet, usually made of heavy-duty polymer, which is much lighter and more comfortable than metal. Experts consider the American Op Score helmet to be the most perfect product at present, taking into account the possibility of wearing (also an indispensable attribute at present) and walkie-talkie headphones along with a microphone. This helmet has mounts for infrared night vision and other gadgets. Her replicas are known (for example, the Russian "Armakom").

Shoes

The equipment of the Russian special forces during the Afghan war left much to be desired. Comfortable trousers and jackets were a good solution in southern climatic conditions, but shoes (boots or heavy berets) in the mountains turned out to be of little use, and special forces soldiers were more willing to put on ordinary sports shoes, sneakers and sneakers for combat missions. Unfortunately, it was not possible to fully solve the boots even today, although there are already good models, light and durable (for example, the special footwear of the Russian manufacturer, the Faraday company, is very good).

American "A-C-Y"

The equipment of the Russian special forces has become more perfect in recent years, but so far it does not fully satisfy the military personnel either in terms of quality or quantity. In this area, the Americans have gone far ahead, the ACU field uniform developed by CRYE does not hinder movement and has ergonomic pockets. In general, she is just the right one for the fight. The sewn-in knee pads and elbow pads are very successful, hardly flammable textile materials are used.

The stand-up collar fits snugly around the neck, preventing dust from getting under the jacket. Pockets are sewn at an angle to make it easier to get items hidden there.

The soldiers of the Russian special forces like such foresight. Our uniform is sewn taking into account foreign experience.

Russian counterparts

It should be noted that the US defense budget is several times greater than the funds allocated by the Russian Defense Ministry. To date, American special forces equipment seems to be the most convenient and versatile, but it also costs accordingly. Nevertheless, the military personnel of the special forces of the Republic of Armenia make the purchases of the most necessary components themselves, knowing that the success of the operation, and sometimes their very life, often depends on the equipment.

Thus, the best fit for our conditions is the cut "A-Ci-U" (translated as "army combat uniform") in the "surpat" color scheme, developed by Russian designers, taking into account the color scheme corresponding to our climate. "Multicam" camouflage was created in the USA for mountain-desert conditions.

unloading

Modern full equipment of special forces is impossible without the main means of bulletproof protection - body armor. It consists of two main types of elements, armored plates and a cover containing them, a kind of “sleeveless jacket” with large pockets on the back and chest. In addition, the body armor is used to attach pouches, additional equipment and accessories. The fighter knows in which compartment he has what he has, it is convenient for him to get automatic magazines, grenades and other necessary things in battle.

Spetsnaz "fashion"

It is difficult for an uninitiated viewer to even guess how complex the equipment of special forces is. The photo of the soldiers of the special forces units impresses with a lot of hinged pouches, built-in technical means and devices. Basically, all this is fixed on the so-called "unloading", freeing the hands and reducing the weight of the satchel, and at the same time protecting the fighter. According to the latest "fashion", it should be modular, that is, it should consist of several functional elements.

What will be the new special forces equipment? Maybe Russian inventors and designers will be able to surprise the whole world with their achievements in this area as well?

Flag in the car with a sucker "Spetsnaz GRU and Airborne Forces" will be a great gift for both paratroopers and scouts. After all, their functions, goals and methods are so closely intertwined.

Flag in the car with a sucker "Spetsnaz GRU and Airborne Forces"

The formations of the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces in the public mind have long been firmly established as a single entity, the border separating different, in general, departments is often extremely blurred. For special forces, both airborne troops and military intelligence are equally close. The second of August for the special forces is the same “red day of the calendar” as the sixth of November, the paratroopers and scouts are united by the flag of the Airborne Forces, blue berets and vests, a really special spirit in these military branches.

What do the GRU special forces and the Airborne Forces have in common?

If strictly - in accordance with the existing charter, the scheme of functioning of the armed forces, the existing combat order approved by the Ministry of Defense - to consider the organization of the Special Forces troops, then the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces include formations of different formats. Moreover, there is only one special-purpose unit in the airborne troops - this is the legendary 45th Guards Reconnaissance Regiment, here, as you can see, it could not have done without belonging to military intelligence. Cuban paratroopers very often conduct joint operations with the troops of the Special Forces of the GRU, the last major combat operation of the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces was South Ossetia 2008, then 45 ORP worked in the conflict zone together with detachments 22, 10 and 16 of the Special Forces.

Separate special-purpose brigades are subordinate to the leadership of the GRU and the military district to which they are assigned; they have no organizational relationship to the airborne troops, which is why the connection between the GRU special forces and the Airborne Forces does not become weaker. Back in the middle of the last century, when special forces in the country were just beginning to be created, some identification of the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces appeared. Firstly, conscripts with the mark “fit for service in the Airborne Forces” were called up to the formations of the Special Forces troops that were being created. Secondly, new units were formed primarily on the basis of airborne regiments and separate battalions, airborne officers also took an active part. Finally, the dress uniforms of the GRU and Airborne Special Forces are initially almost identical.

Why does the GRU special forces wear the uniform of the Airborne Forces?

For the Special Forces troops, the very existence of which at that time was a military secret, a special form was not developed, there were no insignia either. Veterans say that military personnel of other types of troops during the exercises even mistook mobile groups without identification marks for saboteurs, but the uniform of the Airborne Forces was chosen as the dress code of the GRU special forces - they were most often mistaken for paratroopers.

Further, the kinship intensified more and more - the training and combat missions of paratroopers and special forces are in many ways similar, in general, both of them are essentially saboteurs. Of course, the tasks of the troops of the Special Forces of the GRU directly behind enemy lines are completely different than those of the assault groups of the airborne troops. One way or another, the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces consist of units of constant combat readiness, but the training of fighters is always higher than the standard in the troops. Well, of course, one cannot fail to say about the mandatory VDP - the sky makes the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces more related than the above, the program of jumps in the ObrSpN and airborne formations is approximately the same, they often jump together.

Combat interaction between the GRU special forces and the Airborne Troops

The joint use of the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces in real combat conditions is a practice that has brought more than one victory to the command of the domestic armed forces. It all started with the introduction of formations of Special Forces troops into Afghanistan, when a few special forces units of the GRU and the Airborne Forces managed to carry out operations that seemed impossible. The story continued in Chechnya, the troops of the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces resolved issues in which motorized rifle formations were powerless. It's scary to imagine how many people our generals would have killed in Grozny in 1995 if special forces had not taken part in the assault.

So, if you do not take into account the subtleties of subordination, the special forces of the GRU and the Airborne Forces are in many respects organizations related to each other, primarily in spirit.

Spetsnaz - military special forces trained according to a special program and designed to carry out special combat goals and tasks. Obviously, these units, among other things, must be the most mobile, maneuverable and enduring, and the equipment of the fighter plays an important role in this matter.

Special Forces in full combat readiness

Features of the uniform of the special forces of the Russian Army

Ordinary inhabitants who are not related to military service have a strong opinion that military overalls are of the highest quality and the best wear resistance. And this is no accident! After all, the main features of the special forces uniform are to ensure maximum comfort for the wearer.

Regardless of the climatic conditions in which the soldier finds himself, the uniform for special forces is obliged to minimize the possible inconvenience of weather conditions, whether it be heat, cold, gusty winds or heavy rain. In addition, despite the external bulkiness, the suit should not constrain or impede movement, allowing you to quickly respond to any unforeseen situation.

Thus, the main principles that workwear must meet are practicality, convenience and functionality. In these matters, without a doubt, the main role is played by the fabric from which it is made.

A popular material for many workwear manufacturers is rip-stop (RIP-STOP), which is based on cross-woven heavy-duty nylon threads that guarantee the product durability. Suits made of this material are durable, frost-resistant, waterproof, windproof, non-flammable from sparks and do not fade in the sun, and are also relatively light.

Another purpose of overalls is camouflage, allowing the soldier to merge with the surrounding area and remain unnoticed by the enemy. Camouflage clothing is conditionally divided into three categories:

one-color (a vivid example is winter white or plain sand, called "sand");
camouflage (two or more colors on the fabric, representing any pattern);
clothing with additional camouflage materials.

Types of special forces uniform

The uniform of special forces, regardless of the military unit, is universal and is divided into the following options:

summer tactical special forces uniform;
winter special forces uniform.

By appointment, the form is classified into:

field;
everyday;
front door.

The field uniform is the main option used in combat operations, field exercises, as well as in the elimination of emergency and emergency situations. Its style and color depend on the task. Casual is meant for daily use.

The front dress is worn exclusively on holidays and vacation days, as well as on the occasion of celebrations. A distinctive and memorable element of the dress uniform is the beret, the color of which is determined by the military unit.

The elite of the special forces are fighters in maroon berets, who, for the right to wear a beret of this color, undergo rigorous qualification tests.

In addition, the following types of forms are distinguished:

special;
protective;
labor type.

One of the brightest examples of a special kind of uniform is the jump suit, called the Mabuta suit, which is considered the best option for hot climates due to the special composition of the knitwear that allows air to pass through. This uniform proved itself in Afghanistan and is still associated with the GRU special forces.

The protective look is based on OKZK (combined arms complex protective suit), designed to protect the skin and mucous membranes of a fighter from harmful emissions and environmental influences.

Spetsnaz - OKZK uniform (combined arms complex protective suit)

The MPA-24 special forces uniform, made with ventilation inserts that reduce sweating during physical exertion, is popular as an everyday work look. Due to its practicality and functionality, this suit (for example, the SOBR uniform) has become widespread among the mass consumer and is especially fond of fishermen and hunters.

The uniform of the special forces of the GRU of Russia

The main task of the GRU is to ensure the state security of our country, often serving on enemy territory. Most of these formations are considered classified.

In this regard, the field uniform - the camouflage of the GRU special forces has no distinctive or characteristic features. It can be completely identical to the uniform of another military unit.

The field uniform of the GRU special forces has no distinctive or characteristic features.

This is a historical circumstance: back in Soviet times, special forces were assigned to combat units, which, in order to hide their location from the enemy, were carefully disguised as other types of troops.

In addition, in a team of intelligence officers, it is not uncommon for officers, working undercover, to put on the uniform of privates on purpose. The dress uniform of the GRU differs from the field uniform by the presence of a tunic and a white shirt.

Special forces camouflage for field conditions

The field uniform of fighters in most cases has a camouflage color. Special forces camouflage is a camouflage coloring of fabric that makes it difficult to identify an object. To achieve this goal, two functions of camouflage are distinguished:

deforming (for example, the form of special forces Alpha);
imitation.

The deforming function is achieved by violating the integrity of the perception of the object due to the use of contrasting colors in camouflage, which distorts the outlines of the silhouette.

A clear example of the deforming function of camouflage is the uniform set of the special forces of the Russian Federation mountain troops, called the Gorka suit, which is made using large contrasting elements.

Spetsnaz uniform of mountain troops

The camouflage uniform of the Russian Army and special forces is endowed with an imitation function, which is achieved by merging the object with the background through the use of a color palette characteristic of the field operations area.

As for the camouflage color, in order to perform the above functions, it must meet two requirements:

match the color often found on the ground (the object literally merges with the background);
be unpleasant or hardly noticeable to the human eye (so that the gaze does not intuitively stop at the object).

Special forces - uniform (photo)

To date, camouflage colors mainly use shades of brown and marsh, khaki, olive, gray, black, and the following texture and color schemes are also used:

KZS Coloring-57("Border camouflage"): olive or swamp background with angular spots of sand, gray-silver or khaki (FSB special forces uniform);
"Butane"("Ameba"): colors may vary, the principle of the scheme is that dark spots and an amoeba-like pattern are applied to a light background;
VSR-93("Birch", "Watermelon"): oblong dark green and brown spots are applied vertically on a light green background;
VSR-98("Flora"): differs from HRV-93 in that the spots are located horizontally;
EMP("Russian figure", "Russian pixel"): in this color scheme, small ("pixel") spots that perform an imitating function are distributed in such a way that they form groups of large spots that perform a deforming function;
"Undergrowth": sharp angular spots of swamp and black colors are applied on a light background;
"Raster Undergrowth"("Raster"): a twisted brown web overlays the color scheme of the original undergrowth;
"Tiger"("Reed"): dark stripes are applied on a light background, horizontal in the "Tiger" variant or vertical in the "Reed" variant.

Form care

The most important element of a valiant military bearing is an impeccable appearance. It's no secret that military uniforms require careful maintenance. In regular and especially solemn situations, it is strictly forbidden to wear dirty, wrinkled, untidy clothes. Russian special forces uniforms should look perfect.

Washing and ironing of the field and everyday uniforms is recommended to be carried out according to the information indicated on the tags. Caring for the dress uniform is best entrusted to dry cleaning.

Servicemen of special forces units of the Ministry of Defense, internal troops and SOBR of the Special Purpose Center (CSN) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs agreed to tell why the American MULTICAM camouflage is popular in Russian special forces, how effective domestic bulletproof vests and night vision devices are, how combat equipment and weapons are selected.

In recent years, the protagonists of television reports and photographs have become fighters from various special forces units performing tasks to combat terrorists. On the video and photo chronicles, it is striking that the field uniform, bulletproof vests, means of communication, etc., are different for the special forces, so to speak. In the modern world, the segment of private production of tactical equipment and protective equipment is developing very dynamically. Even such well-funded Western divisions as the American Delta, the British SAS and others, buy their favorite products for their money. After all, the success of any operation depends on uniforms, equipment, and even more so weapons. How are things going with the Russian security forces, what problems do you have, what would you like to change?

Armor is strong

“We use body armor 6B23. There are also brand new 6B43s, but there are very few of them, ”says an officer of the Ministry of Defense based in the Moscow region. According to him, most military personnel buy imported products with their own money, mainly covers, which are then hemmed so that domestic armor panels can be installed. Colleagues from the internal troops are supplied with bulletproof vests developed in the early 90s "Korund", but now they have begun to supply the modern "Bagariy". Just like in the Ministry of Defense, foreign bulletproof vests, in particular American ones, are bought in VV. True, domestic Defenders and Redoubts are also popular.

Special forces equip themselves

Employees of the Central Security Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs are protected by various products of the Fort-Technologies and Armacom companies. All interlocutors of the publication agreed that none of the types of body armor meets their requirements. We need not ordinary body armor, but modular body armor systems, which are an unloading vest (“unloading”) with armored panels and the ability to install the necessary pouches for the tasks performed. Now such systems have become an obligatory attribute not only of special forces, but also of combined arms in many armies of the world.

“We would like to have full-time lightweight body armor according to the plate carrier scheme, like what LBT and PIG-tactical do. But since they don’t exist, many people buy with their own money and install armored panels,” says an officer of the Ministry of Defense. The same is true in the internal troops. “The Americans have a good fastening system with a set of pouches called MOLLE. Everything is of high quality, the pouches are held securely. Something similar was done on the Bagaria, however, the quality is worse and the pouches are enough for only two or three lessons. But we have only 30-40 percent of such bulletproof vests, ”complains the officer of the VV.

But the SOBR officer of the Ministry of Internal Affairs believes that domestic protective materials are better and the protection classes of bulletproof vests are higher than those of foreign products. But he also recognizes the need for modular armor protection systems. All interlocutors of the publication are not satisfied with regular protective helmets. “Like a chamber pot put on my head. It is necessary to make a special cover for landing, otherwise it may catch the edge of the helmet with slings during the opening. Ours do not have mounts for night vision devices, flashlights and similar things, ”says an officer of the TsSN of the Ministry of Defense. Regular ZSh-1s are not liked by the servicemen of the internal troops, and the Altyn, Mask and Lynx-T are not liked by the SOBR officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

By all accounts, the most optimal version of a protective helmet, which is used to supply special forces units around the world, was developed by the American company OpScore.

“Very comfortable, fit well on the head, combined with glasses, headphones, an oxygen mask, have a streamlined shape,” said a spokesman for the Ministry of Defense. He is supported by colleagues from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and internal troops. “ZSh-1 is the last century. We buy for our own money "SHBM" of the company "Omnitek-M", similar to "opskorovsky". You can easily put on headphones under it. It is comfortable to fit, lightweight. Under the ZSh-1, you need to wear a special cap, and if in the summer, then a bandana, but under the SHBM you don’t need to, ”says an officer of the internal troops. At the same time, SOBR of the Ministry of Internal Affairs uses a product similar to the American OpScore helmet by the Russian company Armakom. “Now we are working with the company to fine-tune their product to our requirements. But this is a long process, at least a year,” explains an employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

"Kalashnikov" with a foreign butt

“We mainly use AK74M. There used to be a lot of ACMSL, but now they are almost all worn out and written off. There are several AK103s, but the current 5.45 cartridges (PP, BS, etc.) have reduced the advantage of the 7.62 caliber to zero. And the accuracy of small-caliber machine guns is higher, the ammunition load is greater with equal weight, ”an officer of the Central Security Service of the Ministry of Defense believes. According to his colleague from the internal troops, in addition to the AK74M, the TsSN also had the AK-104: “Now they took them away from us, but we liked them. They are shorter, it is more convenient to manipulate them, throw them on the back, etc. And the firing range suits us.” There are in service with special forces and submachine guns. According to the SOBR officer, his squad chose the SR-2M Veresk. It is lighter, more mobile, and the cartridge is more powerful than that of the proposed Vityaz software. But in the internal troops and the Ministry of Defense, "Heathers" did not take root.

“We immediately handed over our SR-2Ms - explosives did not purchase cartridges for them. We use PP-2000. “Shielders” (military personnel walking with bulletproof shields) work with them. The Vityaz submachine gun was also available, but was not used in combat. There were technical problems with the constant sticking of cartridges. Yes, and there is no such task where the “Vityaz” is better than Kalashnikov, ”says the officer of the VV. In the TsSN of the Ministry of Defense, the SR-2M is used as the second sniper weapon.

But the biggest headache and source of fixed costs are regular Kalashnikov assault rifles being finalized at their own expense. “We put a butt adjustable in length. Usually these are American Magpul or Israeli products. We put purchased DTK (muzzle brake-compensator), which reduce the toss of weapons, and some models also reduce the flash of a shot, which is very important when working with night vision devices. Adapters with Picatinny rails. A fuse box with an additional pedal for easy switching with the middle and / or index finger, ”the special forces officer of the Ministry of Defense lists the purchases. The military personnel of the TsSN VV and SOBR officers do the same.

“A gentleman's set on every machine is a front handle, a red dot sight and an adjustable stock. If the employee is comfortable, then he also adds a pistol grip. We put the Picatinny and Weaver adapters. The “inkwell” (muzzle brake-compensator. - Approx. Aut.) is very necessary, indispensable for night work, ”the officer of the special forces of the internal troops is sure.

According to him, of the numerous collimator sights currently offered on the small arms market, the center chose the products of the American firms Eotech and Aimpoint.

“We put Eotech on machine guns, and Aimpoint on machine guns. Russian and Belarusian sights do not like. The collimator is good with a triple magnifier, but it is too expensive, so not everyone has it, ”says an officer of the internal troops. In his opinion, a collimator sight should be cherished like the apple of an eye: “There are no licensed workshops of these companies in Russia, and it’s almost impossible to fix it yourself, especially if the matrix is broken.”

An employee of the SOBR of the Ministry of Internal Affairs explained that, in addition to imported parts, his units also buy domestic productions from the Zenit company: “We do not purchase everything at our own expense, the Motherland gives us something. I would have liked ACOG scopes from TriJicon, but they are too expensive, so we opted for Aimpoint products.”

Over the past four years, the ACU (Army Combat Uniform) cut field uniform, adopted in 2008 for supply by the Pentagon, has become popular with Russian special forces, and differs from the traditional field uniform in a short jacket with a standing collar and oblique chest pockets. Also, the American camouflage coloring "multicam", jokingly called "cartoon" in Russia, is widely used.

“ACU is more comfortable, only pockets are needed with buttons. These are quality products made of good materials, although, of course, there are exceptions. Coloring "cartoons" is well suited for regions where you have to work. And one more thing - when working together with “fesniks” (FSB special forces fighters), specialists from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and others, it turns out that everyone is dressed in the same uniform and there are no problems with identifying each other, ”says an officer of the Special Purpose Center of the Ministry of Defense.

According to his colleague from the VV, these troops are now abandoning the coloring of "cartoons" in favor of "surpat" (SURPAT), developed by the Russian company "Survival Corps". "Cartoon" is worse in the forest, so officers take it for everyday wear, sometimes they put it on for classes. It happens that we use the standard camouflage field uniform of the internal troops. But the “surpat” in the ACU cut is very comfortable, especially the sewn-in knee pads. They do not pull the leg, do not disrupt the blood supply, ”explains a special forces officer.

An employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs SOBR said that his unit also prefers the field ACU, which is purchased from British and American manufacturers: “We take the original CRYE uniform. Our employees buy what is more comfortable for them to wear. We receive some of the field uniforms on a regular basis, but we buy most of them at our own expense.” According to him, the use of "multicam" colors allows you to quickly identify friendly units participating in the operation. Although this coloring is not optimal for the North Caucasus.

According to all interlocutors, the big problem is uniform shoes that cannot be worn. And again you have to buy on your own, giving preference to foreign products, and not only for military purposes: sports boots are also in demand. Recently, the special forces of the Internal Troops and the Ministry of Internal Affairs are increasingly liking the boots of the domestic company Faraday. “It is generally impossible to walk in shaped pieces of wood, and it is also life-threatening. Now Faraday shoes have appeared that are no worse than imported ones, but many times cheaper. If only they would take her for supply and give us regular ones, ”the officer of the internal troops modestly dreams.

Communications and night vision devices

Night vision devices are a headache for Russian special forces. When asked if you consider Russian devices adequate for the tasks assigned, an officer from the Special Purpose Center of the Ministry of Defense answered succinctly: “Are you kidding me?”.

According to the officer of the internal troops, his colleagues, if possible, prefer to purchase imported products, sometimes Belarusian "Filins". “For snipers, there are good full-time Russian “night lights” DS-4 and DS-6. But there are few of them in our center. Now we have purchased Russian night vision devices "Shahin". We immediately said that they did not suit us. The same "Cyclone" (manufacturer - NPO "Cyclone") is much better, more reliable and easier. But the intelligence department of the VV thought that such people would do for us, ”the commando of the internal troops is outraged.

Also, all interlocutors admitted that their units also purchase active headphones with built-in communication at their own expense, which amplify weak sounds and dampen strong ones. Peltor headphones are preferred.

“They are not needed everywhere, but only for the task, otherwise the rumor sits down very quickly. For fun, try walking in active headphones along a mountain stream or through a forest in strong winds. But indoors or in fire training, they are good, ”explains an officer of the Ministry of Defense.

His colleague from the internal troops believes that active headphones are necessary for operations in the forest: “There they amplify the sound and you can hear the enemy in advance. Although I personally prefer a regular headset.”

The ongoing counter-terrorist operations in Syria require the constant participation of military personnel and special forces of all law enforcement agencies. If in the early 90s the quality and quantity of equipment was determined by the capabilities of the department, now even for elite special-purpose centers everything depends on the thickness of the wallets of the servicemen themselves. It can be argued that foreign specialists also spend their money, because everyone chooses what is more convenient to fight in. But it's one thing - shoes and field uniforms, and when it comes to body armor, helmets, communications equipment, "body kits" for weapons, it's already worth thinking about.

The international arms and equipment market has been at the peak of activity in the last 10-12 years. Russian companies, with rare exceptions, do not participate there, although the military and law enforcement officers have accumulated sufficient combat experience that can be implemented in new families of bulletproof vests, communications equipment, active headphones, etc. At the same time, the latest AEK-971 and AK-12 assault rifles presented for testing without full-fledged collimator sights of domestic production. Although the same Belarus actively produces these products. One can only regret that foreign special forces are supplied by departments, and Russian ones by their families, donating money from the family budget.

Alexey Mikhailov

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Military uniforms - field, everyday and ceremonial uniforms - are always regulated by the relevant decrees of the Ministry of Defense. However, there are formations of Special Forces in the law enforcement agencies of ministries and departments that are not related to the Russian Armed Forces, which perform specific tasks, for which they use a very wide range of military and universal uniforms.

Classification of special forces units

The existing special forces units in Russia belong to different departments. In the armed forces of the Russian Federation there are such formations of Special Forces:

SV (ground forces) - brigades of the DSHB and the regiment of the DSHP;
GU - 25 regiment and brigades;
MO - the center of Senezh;
GRU - detachments of the PDSS reconnaissance points Sailing (Baltic Fleet), Tuapse (Black Sea Fleet), Zverosovkhoz (Northern Fleet) and about. Russian / Dzhigit Bay (Pacific Fleet);
Airborne - 45th Guards Brigade (Kubinka);
Navy - detachments of the Caspian Flotilla, the Black Sea, Baltic, Pacific and Northern Fleets.

The special services of the Russian Federation also have special forces units:

FSB - departments for supporting operational activities, regional departments and services, departments A (Alpha), B (Vympel) and C;
Border Guard Service of the FSB - regional services and departments, DShM of border detachments, special intelligence groups of the OGSpR;
SVR - detachment Zaslon;
Ministry of Internal Affairs - Thunder detachment;
Troops of the National Guard - instead of internal troops, detachments of Wolverine (Krasnoyarsk-26), Rus (Simferopol), Skif (Grozny), Peresvet (Moscow), Svyatogor (Stavropol), Bulat (Ufa), Ratnik (Arkhangelsk), Kuzbass (Kemerovo) were created , Bars (Kazan), Mercury (Smolensk), Mechel (Chelyabinsk), Typhoon (Khabarovsk), Ermak (Novosibirsk), Edelweiss (Minvody), Vyatich (Armavir), Ural (Nizhny Tagil), Rosich (Novocherkassk), 604 CSN;
Russian Guard - SOBR and OMON combat units;
FSIN - republican departments Saturn (Moscow), Rossy (Sverdlovsk), Typhoon (Leningrad region), Iceberg (Murmansk), guard (Chuvashia), Shark (Krasnodar), Hawk (Mari El), Volcano (Kabardino-Balkaria);
Ministry of Emergency Situations - Center of Special Risk Leader;
Federal State Unitary Enterprise Svyaz-Safety - Mars department.

Some of the above special forces units belong to the military, that is, by default, they are equipped with military personnel. The other is departmental, that is, it employs employees who are assigned special ranks, and not military ones. The two largest ministries of the Russian Federation include both of them:

Ministry of Internal Affairs - the special forces of the National Guard are staffed by military personnel, OMON and SOBR are not military formations;
FSB - special forces of the border troops and departments A, B and C, respectively.

Formations of special forces perform combat missions in settlements and forests, under water and in the air, so field uniforms, ammunition and weapons are very different. A presidential decree in 2005 prohibited the use of insignia and military uniforms in security units of the FSB, the Federal Drug Control Service, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Federal Penitentiary Service, the PPS and other departments that were not formed from military personnel.

These highly mobile units go on combat missions, carry out guard duty and learn skills in various forms.

military special forces

When passing urgent, extra-long or contract service as part of special forces, a soldier is obliged to comply with the rules for wearing uniforms and insignia. The state provides formations of Special Forces with VKBO sets (all-weather set of basic uniforms) of 19 items of clothing. Self-assembly from VKBO elements is allowed, depending on combat and training tasks and weather conditions.

Any “camouflage”, “body armor” and “unloading” of a third-party manufacturer that does not meet the requirements of the charter is considered a violation of the dress code. However, the Special Forces are considered the elite of the RF Armed Forces, commanders may allow the use of more comfortable clothing, for example, American or European special forces.

Special forces of combat swimmers actually arose during the Second World War, however, the units were so secret that field and everyday clothes were altered by their employees on their own from the most suitable form of various branches of the military.

In 1974, during the formation of the famous Alpha (Group A of the KGB of the USSR to fight terror), working in a less secret mode, the problem of equipment also arose, so the officers wore blue jackets and suits for pilots and technical workers, which turned out to be most convenient for their tasks.

When a limited contingent of troops was sent to Afghanistan in 1979, the special forces field uniform for a hot climate and mountainous terrain was urgently developed on the model of the uniform of the troops of the President of the Congo, Colonel Mabuta, the suit was sewn according to GOST 17 6290 from raincoat fabric with water-repellent impregnation.

Officially, "Mabuta", "jump suit" or "sand" was the uniform of "Alpha", GRU units and the newly formed Vympel department, in fact, paratroopers and infantrymen bought it for cash with the permission of their commanders for everyday wear.

The modern form of Russian special forces is convenient and functional, but there are Western counterparts that surpass it in some properties / qualities. For example, until recently, a protective helmet did not have devices for fixing a tactical flashlight, night vision device and other devices. The colors and patterns of some American and European camouflage fabrics and styles are better suited to specific terrain conditions.

Rules for wearing uniforms by military personnel of the Russian Federation

In 2015, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation signed a decree number 300 on the rules for wearing military uniforms. The last changes were made to it in 2017, but before that, significant adjustments were made three times:

1997 - symbols were added, wearing rules were introduced;
2008 - simplified dress uniform, improved field uniforms;
2011 - partial return to the form of the USSR, development of the VKBO.

Until 2008, the equipment of the special forces of the Armed Forces and departments not related to the armed forces was almost identical. Moreover, the uniform of the guard almost completely copied the uniforms of the elite units participating in the hostilities, therefore, military symbols and army uniforms were prohibited in these formations and organizations.

VKBO kit

In 2011, a new uniform was developed for general purpose units and special forces units. The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation acted as the customer of the project, the domestic holding of light industry BTK Group became the executor. An integrated scientific approach was used, so the design bureau included:

University of Technology and Design St. Petersburg;
Naval Engineering Institute GOU VPO;
Institute of Medicine RAMS.

A ready-made set of VKBO was tested in 8 military units for 3 months in 2012 in different regions of the country - the south of the Russian Federation, the Trans-Urals, the Central Region, the Arctic. The customer put forward the requirements:

anti-slip surface of shoe soles;
petrol and oil resistance of the upper part of the shoe;
ergonomics of each element;
durability, compactness, low weight;
camouflage properties (camouflage);
protection from adverse conditions;
provision and possibility of regulation of heat balance;
moisture removal at any level of physical activity.

The final set of VKBO consists of 3 pairs of shoes and 20 items that provide the effect of layering. In other words, each next layer is worn over the previous underwear to achieve a comfortable thermal balance in all weather conditions and climatic zones in different seasons of the year.

The delivery schedule was carried out in stages from 2013 to 2015. The transition from the existing uniform to the new uniform took place gradually. Part of the personnel was dressed in the VKBO, at the same time the uniforms of the old type were worn out.

The form is considered everyday and field, so the summer kit is designed for indoors all year round and outdoors at an air temperature of +15 degrees. The winter set is effective for temperatures from -40 degrees to +15 degrees. Three pairs of shoes are designed to be worn in the temperature ranges of -40 - -10 degrees, -10 - + 15 degrees and above + 15 degrees. Clothes that are not currently in use are transported and stored in a special bag.

moisture-wicking underwear short (T-shirt and shorts) made of 100% polyester or long (underpants with a codpiece, sweatshirt with a round neck, long sleeve, adjacent silhouette);
fleece underwear from a sweatshirt with long sleeves (zip to the middle of the chest, chin protection, thumb hole) and underpants (selective bouffant, elastic band inside the waistband) made of 7% elastane and 93% polyester;
fleece jacket (100% polyester) ;
windbreaker (2% elastane and 98% polyester), "figure" camouflage, worn with trousers of the next level, drawstring at the bottom with clamps, ventilation valves in the pockets, water-repellent finish;
demi-season suit (1% elastane, 99% polyamide) made of trousers with removable suspenders, the seat area and knees are reinforced with high-strength pads, side seams with zippers, and jackets with a two-way zipper, hood, front pockets, stand-up collar, pads on the elbows;
windproof suit (PTFE membrane inside 100% polyamide) made of jacket and trousers, overlays, double valve, hood, waterproof zippers, side seams of trousers with zippers;
insulated vest (100% polyamide and PTFE membrane), one inner pocket is tightened with a cord, the second is closed with a zipper, front outer patch pockets, windproof placket with hidden buttons;
insulated suit (polyamide 100%), hood adjustable to the face, pockets in the sleeves, reinforced lining, fixers for mittens, the bottom of the trousers with elastic bands, the top to the middle of the thighs with zippers.

Fleece underwear weighs 516 g, regular 281 g (extended), insulated suit 2.3 kg. Summer suit (camouflage "figure") has an increased cotton content (65%). The thread is reinforced using rip-stop technology, the fabric is practically not torn. For him, a headdress is provided - a cap. The second cap is worn with a demi-season suit. The scarf is made in the shape of a bib, adjustable in volume.

Universal balaclava hat made of 30% polyamide and 70% wool transformable. The insulated hat with two elongated flaps allows wearing in several positions. Winter socks made of wool with the addition of polyamide. On the mittens there is a removable insulation, fasteners for the sleeves of the jacket. Five-fingered black woolen gloves.

However, the basic kit does not provide 100% equipment for solving combat missions of special forces, so special forces units use additional funds, ammunition, and weapons. For example, bulletproof vests, unloading vests, camouflage suits, wetsuits, jump suits for parachutists.

Casual dress code

Unlike the rapid reaction forces, the special forces plan operations in advance, so the daily activities are traditionally:

classroom training (theory, tactics);
guard duty;
rest and personal time.

Thus, the army special forces use the sets of the new VKBO, which are quite sufficient for these tasks. For training in special disciplines, a field uniform is used - camouflage suits, body armor, wetsuits, jumpsuits.

Field uniform

Due to the special status of special forces, they solve very different tasks:

sabotage and anti-terrorist activities;
intelligence and counterintelligence;
ensuring the security of their own unit and the elimination of enemy structures of the same name;
organization of riots on the territory of the enemy and the fight against them in their own regions;
protection of objects/persons and their physical destruction.

The field black uniform of the riot police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs or the FSB provides visual control - friend / foe, demoralizes the enemy, and the wetsuit of the PDSS GRU naval combat swimmer provides covert penetration under water. The “Izlom” camouflage is good for moving through the forest as part of a group, and the Leshy camouflage suit is used by a sniper in a long-term firing position.

Ceremonial uniforms

It is much easier to understand the dress uniform of military personnel and employees of Special Forces units:

they belong to certain types of troops;
ceremonial uniforms are used on dismissal, at a solemn event or during vacation, that is, at events not related to combat missions.

Special forces soldiers are dressed in accordance with the rules for wearing military uniforms.

Airborne

Usually, the demobilization uniform of the special forces is decorated with an aiguillette and numerous edgings of the elements of full dress. In fact, the aiguillette is an element of the dress uniform for especially ceremonial occasions according to Decree No. 300 of 2015 of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The ceremonial uniform of an officer of the special forces of the Airborne Forces includes:

tunic trousers and a cap made of blue (sea wave) wool;
a vest with blue stripes instead of a white military shirt;
ceremonial golden belt;
black boots with high berets;
blue beret or cap.

In winter, paratroopers dress in the same uniform, and over it is a casual warm blue jacket and black gloves. Instead of a beret / cap, a fur hat with earflaps or a cap can be used.

Soldiers, sergeants and cadets wear a blue beret, berets, a vest and a casual suit in the summer.

Navy

The uniform of the special forces belonging to the Navy is completely identical to the uniform of the special forces of the airborne forces. Since the rules for wearing dress uniforms clearly state that all special forces, regardless of belonging to a particular branch of the military, receive the right to wear a blue vest and berets. The beret has the color of the military branch.

PS FSB (border service)

The tunic of an FSB officer does not differ from the uniform of a serviceman - three buttons, aquamarine, fitted. The epaulets of departments A, B and C have a cornflower blue edging on a silver or gold field, the border service has a green edging. The parade military uniform is completed with boots or boots (for formation), a golden belt. The color of the overcoat is gray-steel, it fastens with 6 buttons.

Special Forces of the National Guard Troops (maroon berets)

A distinctive element of the dress uniform of the special forces of the former Internal Troops, preserved after they were renamed the National Guard, is a headdress. The maroon beret appeared in 1978, until 1989 it remained a non-statutory element of the uniform, to which senior officers turned a blind eye. The qualification test for the right to wear it was legalized only in 1993.

Simultaneously with the maroon beret of the special forces of the VV, vests with stripes of a similar color appeared by analogy with the Airborne Forces and the Marine Corps (blue and black vests in the color of the berets of these military branches, respectively).

PDSS and MRP GRU (combat swimmers)

PDSS units were created to identify and eliminate enemy underwater saboteurs. However, in order to effectively combat them, combat swimmers are included (the same saboteurs, but their own). In addition, there are separate formations in each fleet for highly specialized tasks, for example, protecting the water area and ships inside it under water or organizing sabotage.

These formations of the Russian special forces are considered the most secret so far. In the days of the USSR, they were provided with regular uniforms for privates and sergeants of the home fleet. They went on vacation in it and went on vacation, they never participated in parades.

The situation is currently being maintained. The parade uniform of the MRP and PDSS detachments is completely identical to the uniform of the Navy.

Clothing for especially hot regions

Dress uniform for hot regions in the Russian army is not provided. But for the Russian soldier there is a special everyday uniform from the manufacturer BTK Group of 8 items:

socks;
T-shirt;
baseball cap;
Panama;
shorts;
pants;
jacket.

It is this uniform that units of the MTR of the RF Armed Forces wear in Syria. All clothes are sand-colored without camouflage patterns.

female form

In the formations of the Special Forces, women's casual and field clothing has special sizes. The shirt-tunic is completed with a large number of pockets. The dress uniform is distinguished by the presence of a blouse and skirt made of wool instead of a men's tunic and trousers. Berets, berets and vests are preserved in full for special forces, which the Russian army has.

Special forces of law enforcement agencies and ministries

After 2008, in the form of Special Forces, staffed by non-military personnel, differences from army uniforms are used. This was done on purpose to avoid confusion. However, even before the renaming, the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs received the right to wear a maroon beret and vest.

By default, employees use the full dress police uniform (MVD) or similar uniforms of their own department (FSB, FSIN). In most cases, a domestic VKBO kit is used as a daily uniform. The field uniform corresponds to the tasks of the units, differs significantly from the army uniform.

For example, the formations of the Special Forces of the FSB and the Ministry of Internal Affairs use a black uniform.

Regular uniform

By analogy with the army, in 2011 the last edition of the Rules for wearing uniforms of the Ministry of Internal Affairs took place, so the “parade” of special forces practically does not differ from the uniform of the teaching staff. The main nuances are:

even at ceremonial events, OMON is allowed gray camouflage, and SOBR is allowed a black summer suit;
instead of an army field uniform, there is an analogue - uniforms for performing service and operational special tasks;
instead of a jacket, the suit set may include a “Gorka” (mountain suit) of anorak style (put on over the head) or a single-breasted jacket with a zipper;
by analogy with the airborne troops, a beret is provided, only green or black.

Unlike the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the uniform of the GRU special forces is subject to the rules of wearing the Ministry of Defense, that is, by default it is army.

Individual uniform and ammunition

If secretive operations are typical for army special forces, police special forces more often confront armed formations “face to face”, therefore the cut of the clothes of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the FSB, its protective characteristics often turn out to be unsatisfactory when using a regular set. Uniforms of American and European production are being purchased, including by the special forces themselves:

bulletproof vests Redut, Defender and Bagariy of modular type;
vests unloading manufacturer Armak;
sets of pouches Molle;
helmets OpScore, Omnitech-T and SHBM;
Veresk SR-2M and PP-2000 submachine guns.

Regular AKs are equipped with length-adjustable butts and Picatinny rails, which allow you to hang additional devices on the machine.

Special Operations Forces MTR

The unit reports to the Minister of Defense, was created in 2009, and the data of the current commander of the MTR are classified. They are considered rapid reaction forces, they conduct operations abroad (Somalia, Aleppo) and within the country (North Caucasus).

From the moment of its inception until the middle of 2014, only the form of foreign special forces was used to equip these units:

Propper BDU (multicam coloring);
special purpose kits for hot climates;
Arcteryx Leaf;
Tactical Combat, Field or Performance;
tactical overalls Fortreks K14;
helmets Warrior Kiver and 6B7-1M;
ballistic helmet Spartan;
diving suit GKN-7 set Amphora diving;
anti-fragmentation suit Reid-L;
body armor 6B43;
unloading vest 6Sh112.

Currently, the BTK Group holding company provides decent quality materials, design and functionality of equipment, domestic uniforms are used, with rare exceptions.

In the media, that unit is usually called "Polite People" because of the appropriate attitude towards journalists during the maintenance of order in the Crimea in 2014. The camouflage during the operation was either the uniform of a security guard or civilian clothes.

Variants of camouflage suits

Domestic camouflage for military uniforms is of several types:

Deciduous forest - created during the Second World War in 1942, suitable for the forest;
Silver leaf - has the additional names "birch" and "sunny bunny";
Amoeba - originated in 1935, the spots are large, there are options for any season of different staining intensity;
HRV-93 - "Butane", more often called "vertical", the pattern completely merges the form with vegetation;
HRV-98 - "Flora" or "Watermelon" due to the corresponding stripes, is considered the base for the European part of the Russian Federation;
Flora digital - called the "Russian figure", is the youngest option.

Initially, special forces weapons and their uniforms were disguised with camouflage under the surrounding area. Such field clothes were worn by all units of the Special Forces. However, for special operations, there are better camouflage options:

Goblin - the cape is hung with bunches of green, brown and yellow, merges with any vegetation and tree trunks;
Kikimora is a high-strength, shapeless marsh-colored fiber.

Known options for third-party manufacturers of camouflage fabric and ready-made sets of tactical uniforms from it:

Twilight - color from black to light gray (twilight);
Cobra - similar to the scales of a large reptile, merges with blueberry and tall grass;
Kink - waterproof fabric for deciduous and coniferous forests;
Frog - large digital squares;
Multicam - an American version for urban development, slums, communications, not suitable for forests;
Suprat - a domestic development of a forest camouflage pattern and suit style, costs three times cheaper than imported analogues;
Amoeba - created from illogical fabric, has the largest operating experience;
Black - for units of departmental security forces (Ministry of Internal Affairs, FSB and UPSIP) in order to quickly identify each other;
Winter - pure white or with black spots;
Desert - the advantage of sandy and brown;
Jungle - yellow with green;
Urban - considered basic, has a gray background, a dark "number".

In addition to Special Forces, camouflage clothing is used by combat units and units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Armed Forces, the GRU, the FSB, and even civilians and organizations. For example, an employee of the teaching staff and a fisherman can be dressed in camouflage. Until recently, the uniform of the guard practically did not differ from army uniforms.

Foreign analogues of camouflage fabric most often outperform domestic developments:

Apu Pat - the name of the style of clothing and coloring of camouflage fabric, does not change color when wet;
Woodland - a budget version of the previous material, darkening when wet, nicknamed "NATO", has four shades - rich green for swamps, moderate for forests, brown for mountains and basic universal;
Marpat - has three options for the desert, city and forest, digital spots with black, brown and green hues that break the symmetry of the human anatomy, which the eye of the observer usually clings to.

Digital drawing is considered the best option, as it is developed in a special camouflage department of the Central Research Institute named after Karbyshev. The shape of the pixel interferes with the concentration of the gaze on it, “falls out” of the field of view. For example, the "kink" option has the following masking properties:

the scheme is divided into color parts - mustard, dark green and brown;
the break imitates the three main coverings of a coniferous forest - moss, foliage and fallen needles;
deforming visual perception of the silhouette behind the camouflage fabric is achieved by increasing the size of the pattern;
digital areas of green should be close to the real size of the needles, brown - to the dimensions of moss spots, and mustard - to dry foliage.

The kink camouflage colors are often used for tailoring everyday uniforms, as the fabric is very strong.

Special outfit

In addition to Kikimora and Leshy camouflage suits, several categories of military specialists have special uniforms:

scuba divers and divers;
paratroopers and snipers;
saboteurs and anti-terror groups;
sappers and miners.

For the same reasons, special forces weapons are diverse:

Pecheneg and AKM machine guns;
pistol Vityaz PP-10-01, Glock-17 and PYa;
assault rifles AK-105, 74M and APS (underwater);
sniper complexes VSK-94 and Vintorez;
complexes PRTK Kornet;
hand grenade launchers GM-94 and grenade launchers GP-34.

The special forces move overland on SUVs, KamAZ-Mustangs, BTR-82 armored personnel carriers, armored vehicles and ATVs.

Delivery by air is carried out by AN-26 transporters and Mt-8MTV-5 helicopters, by water by BRP SEA-DOO jet skis, under water by tugboats and mini-submarines of nuclear submarines.

Thus, the dress uniform of special forces units is a kind of disguise. Everyday uniforms are most often the same, and the field uniform is very diverse and unique.