The high, short, laterally compressed body of the common sunflower is covered with very small scales. First dorsal fin with long strong spines. Along the bases of the second dorsal and anal fins, along the edge of the belly, between four strong spines of the anal fin connected by a membrane and long, shifted to the head, pelvic fins, stripes of large bony scutes stretch. Each such scutellum is equipped with two spines; there are spines at the beginning of the lateral line, above the posterior margin of the eye, and under the eye. The body of the sunflower is colored greenish-brown, the back is dark, the belly is white or grayish. On the sides of the body, a large dark brown, almost black, spot with a light yellow border is usually clearly visible. This fish reaches a length of 66 cm, individuals 20-50 cm long are usually found.

common dory

Common dory lives in the eastern part of the Atlantic Ocean (from the North Sea to the coast of South Africa), in the Mediterranean Sea, sometimes found in our Black Sea. Apparently, the same species lives off the coast of South Australia and Japan.

Sunfish is a sedentary fish that does not form large flocks. Usually sunflowers are kept in the bottom layers of water or in the water column at a depth of up to 100-500 meters. When swimming slowly, the sunflower moves with the help of the pectoral and posterior sections of the dorsal and anal fins, and the increase in speed is achieved due to the wave-like bending of the body. To turn up or down, as well as when approaching underwater objects, the sunflower lies on its side. The usual prey of this predatory fish are schooling fish of the water column. Sunflower slowly creeps up to its prey, moving its fins almost imperceptibly. Its flat, tall body is hardly noticeable in the water if it stands at right angles to its prey, which allows it to get close to close. Further, the capture occurs almost at lightning speed due to the rapid opening of the mouth forming the tube and the simultaneous short swift throw of the predator. Most often, herring, sardines and gerbils become prey, less often invertebrates.

In the Mediterranean Sea sunflower breeds from the second half of March to the first half of May, in the Bay of Biscay - in June-August. Caviar is swept out in portions. The development of floating eggs lasts about 15 days.

The meat of sunflower is highly valued, especially in the Mediterranean countries and in England, but its commercial value is small, since, as a rule, sunflowers are kept separately, without forming large clusters.

In Peter the Great Bay, it is found off the coast of Japan, South Australia and New Zealand, in the waters of California and the Hawaiian Islands. naked sunflower, or zenops(Zenopsis nebulosus), reaching a length of 46 cm. This sunflower is called naked due to the complete absence of scales on the body.

Fish. - M.: Astrel. E.D. Vasiliev. 1999

See what "Common sunflower" is in other dictionaries:

common dory- Sunflower Scientific classification ... Wikipedia

common dory

common dory- paprastasis saulešeris statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: lot. Lepomis gibbosus angl. common sunfish; yellow sunfish; pumpkinseed; pumpkinseed sunfish rus. common sunfish; common dory… … Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

Japanese dory- paprastoji saulažuvė statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: lot. Zeusfaberengl. John dory; St. Peter's fish target dory rus. sea ​​blacksmith; ordinary sunflower; Japanese dory ryšiai: platesnis terminas … Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

SOLAR-SHAPED- (Zeiformes), a detachment of bony fish. Known since the Paleocene. Related to beryx. Length 10 80 cm, weight up to 8 kg. 5 8 rays of gill membrane. Closed bladder. Spiny fins. Dorsal fins 2, pelvic fins with 6 10 rays. Scales ctenoid. 5… … Biological encyclopedic dictionary

Solnechnik- I sunflowers fish sunflowers (Zeiformes), a detachment of fish close to the perciformes (See Perciformes). The body is usually laterally compressed, high; the anal fin has 1 4 spines, the pelvic fins have 6 9 spines. The mouth, moving forward during ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Solnechnik is a fairly popular fish today, a representative of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It, as a rule, reaches a length of 60 centimeters, although it is very rare to find a sunflower with a length of 90 centimeters.

The second name of this fish - "St. Peter's fish" is associated with a legend. Once upon a time, the apostle Peter threw a coin into the stormy waters of the Sea of ​​Galilee, which was caught by a fish. St. Peter took the coin back, and on the silvery, and sometimes golden body of the fish, there were traces of his fingers, enclosed in a yellowish halo.

This fish is flat, but you should not confuse it with flounder-like fish, which also have a similar shape, only their plane runs horizontally, and that of the sunflower - vertically. The skin of this seafood is completely smooth, because it does not have scales, which can be attributed to the rather interesting features of this fish. In addition, the sunflower, as a self-defense, can disguise itself as various objects of the external environment. Such a skill is not only a good defense, but also a good hunting maneuver, because, after all, the dory is a predatory fish that feeds on marine inhabitants.

Although the "St. Peter's fish" has fins, it prefers to swim on its side, that is, not using them, but only going with the flow.

Dory meat has long become popular in the modern culinary world due to its unique, very delicate and delicate taste. Today, many people believe that it is the sunflower that is one of the most delicious fish in its range, and, of course, this opinion is not unfounded, because it really has high quality meat.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS

Nutritional value and chemical composition "Sunflower, fish".

The table shows the content of nutrients (calories, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals) per 100 grams of the edible part.

The energy value Sunflower, fish is 95 kcal.

Main source: Skurikhin I.M. etc. Chemical composition of foodstuffs. .

** This table shows the average norms of vitamins and minerals for an adult. If you want to know the norms based on your gender, age and other factors, then use the My Healthy Diet application.

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GOAL TIME

USEFUL PROPERTIES SUN, FISH

Sunflower, fish rich in vitamins and minerals such as: potassium - 18%, phosphorus - 27.5%, iron - 13.9%

What is useful Sunflower, fish

• Potassium is the main intracellular ion involved in the regulation of water, acid and electrolyte balance, is involved in the processes of nerve impulses, pressure regulation.
• Phosphorus takes part in many physiological processes, including energy metabolism, regulates acid-base balance, is part of phospholipids, nucleotides and nucleic acids, is necessary for the mineralization of bones and teeth. Deficiency leads to anorexia, anemia, rickets.
• Iron is a part of proteins of various functions, including enzymes. Participates in the transport of electrons, oxygen, ensures the occurrence of redox reactions and activation of peroxidation. Insufficient consumption leads to hypochromic anemia, myoglobin deficiency atony of skeletal muscles, increased fatigue, myocardiopathy, atrophic gastritis.

You can see a complete directory of the most useful products in the application - a set of properties of a food product, in the presence of which the physiological needs of a person for the necessary substances and energy are satisfied.

vitamins, organic substances needed in small amounts in the diet of both humans and most vertebrates. The synthesis of vitamins is usually carried out by plants, not animals. The daily human need for vitamins is only a few milligrams or micrograms. Unlike inorganic substances, vitamins are destroyed by strong heating. Many vitamins are unstable and "lost" during cooking or food processing.

Sunfish fish is one of ten species that is often found in European waters, and there is another representative, it is called the mirror sunfish, it lives off the coast of Japan.

The interesting shape of the fish attracts the attention of a person under water. By the way - it helps him a lot in hunting prey.

The taste of this fish is truly appreciated by the gourmets of some countries, in their opinion; the meat is tender, nutritious and easily digestible.

The mass of the female can be twice as much as the male and can be up to 8 kilograms. The average weight of a male varies from 2 to 4 kg. Fry of everything; 8-10 gr. The average body length of an adult is 26 - 45 cm, the fair sex can reach up to 75 and even 80 cm.

The body color is greenish-brown with wavy patterns and a metallic sheen, but the unique ability of this species is that their body color can change based on the environment, like a chameleon. Based on this, it can be argued that the color of each representative is purely individual.

On the upper part of the body, the scales are colored dark, and on the abdomen in a light color. On both sides there is one medium-sized brown spot with a white-yellow border. Sometimes they may not be very noticeable.

In total, there are 9 fins on his body. On the dorsal fin and on its membranes, as well as on the anal, one can see thick and elongated spikes with sharp long ends.

The oral apparatus is able to sharply move forward and grab the victim with lightning speed. The body of an unusual shape makes the appearance of these marine inhabitants extremely dangerous for small fish. It is flattened on both sides and hardly noticeable when viewed from the front.

In fact, the dorsal fin is divided into two parts. Its front part is covered with long and thick rays. Near the anal fin there is another fin, it has 3 or even 4 spines of medium length, which are separated by a thin membrane.

The distribution area of ​​this fish is quite large. She prefers to live in the black, Mediterranean seas, capturing the western coast of Africa. Also inhabits the British Isles and Southern Norway. Recently, it has often been observed off the coast of Germany.

By nature, these fish are hermits and lead an exclusively solitary lifestyle. True, sometimes they swim in small flocks.

The maximum depth to which sunfish dive is 200 meters. In shallow water it keeps near the muddy bottom, and in deep places on the surface.

Food

In areas where sunflowers live, there is always a lot of food. Their diet includes a dozen small species of fish, with which they remove hunger. Here is a short list of his daily menu:

• anchovies;
• sardines;
• sprats;
• herring;
• gerbils;

Of all the listed species, it is clear that they all live and swim in flocks, which is what our predator needs. Our marine inhabitant, unlike his worst enemy, swims very badly, but this does not prevent him from being a successful hunter due to his flattened body shape.

The breeding season depends on the temperature of the water in which it lives. In the northern regions, as a rule, it starts from May and lasts until August, and in warm areas from March to May.

Spawning takes place at a depth of 100 meters, the female throws out portions of eggs, which are immediately picked up by the undercurrent and carry them hundreds of kilometers.

Each egg contains a little oil, which allows it to stay on the surface of the water all the time. After hatching from the eggs, the fry feed on plankton for the first time. They start their lives away from their birthplace. Some species of these fish spawn traditionally, that is; on plants and rocks.

There is currently no data on how long he lives.

1. If you believe the ancient scripture, then the apostle Peter was the first to catch this fish. It was his youth, and in it he was a fisherman. In the mouth of the sunflower, there was a gold coin, which he gave as a tax. According to the scripture, the spots on his sides are the fingerprints of the future apostle.