Summary of classes for children of the senior group. Air and its properties. "The great invisible is air." Joint cognitive research activity with children of the preparatory group How a person uses the properties of water
Abstract of the lesson in the senior group on the topic: Air and its properties
Zolotoreva Tamara Alexandrovna, teacher of the MBDOU kindergarten No. 17 "Ladushki" in the city of Novoaltaysk.Target:
To create conditions for the development of children's interest in experimental activities.
Program tasks:
-Educational:
- expand children's ideas about the importance of air in human life;
- introduce children to some properties of air and ways to detect it;
- Activate and expand the vocabulary of children.
Developing:
- develop cognitive interest in the process of experimental activities;
- develop the ability to draw conclusions.
Educational:
- develop interest in the environment.
Equipment:
Use of ICT
Handout: cups of water, straws, a fan, for each child; jars with "smell" and odorless, musical wind instruments, polyethylene bags, paper, a basin of water.
Observation progress:
Hello guys! I'm glad to see you! My name is Tamara Alexandrovna. Let's join hands and shake hands, so we said hello and smile, so that we would be in a good mood all day today.
Guys, today we will have a difficult lesson, you will be real researchers. Do you want to be researchers? And what will we explore, you will learn by guessing the riddle.
Passes through us into the chest
And back keeps the way
he is not visible, and yet
We cannot live without it!
What's this?
Children: Air
Educator: Today we have to find out what air is, how to detect it and what properties it has.
Guys, do you know where people conduct various studies and experiments?
Children: People conduct experiments in laboratories.
Educator: We will also have our own small laboratories. I suggest going to the first laboratory. (children approach the table and stand in a circle around it). In order for us to succeed, we need to listen to me carefully and follow the instructions. OK?
But before we begin our first experiment, let's take a deep breath and then exhale.
How do you think you breathed?
Children: Air
Educator: Can we see the air?
Children: No, we don't.
Educator: So what kind of air?
Children: Invisible.
Experience No. 1 (air can be seen)
caregiver: To see the air, you need to catch it. Do you want me to teach you to catch the air. Take a plastic bag, what's in it? (it's empty)
Let's doubt it. Look, it creases easily, why? (because it's empty)
Now we will make a ball out of it, twist it.
What's in the package? (air)
What do you think the package has become like? (children's answers)
Try squeezing the package. Why doesn't it work? (there is air)
Where can this property of air be used? (summer: air mattresses, life buoy)
Conclusion: Air takes the form of the object into which it enters.
Now look at the hand through the bag. Do you see your hand? (we see)
If we see our hand, then what kind of air? (transparent, invisible)
Conclusion: The air is transparent.
Experience No. 2 (Air takes up space)
Pick up a glass with papers inside.
Feel it, is it wet or dry? (children's answers)
Turn the glass upside down and slowly lower it into the water. Most importantly, the glass must be held straight, without tilting until it touches the bottom. See if the strip of paper gets wet (Answers children)
Take the glass out of the water, check the strip of paper.
Is she wet or not? Why is there paper?
Let's try again, but now tilt the glass a little.
What appeared in the water? (visible air bubbles)
Where did they come from? (air leaves the glass and water takes its place)
It was air coming out of the glass.
Check the paper strip again.
What is she now? (wet, the water displaced the air and occupied all the space in the glass)
Conclusion: There is air in the glass and therefore it prevented the strip of paper from getting wet, which means that air takes up space.
EXPERIENCE No. 3. (the air has no smell)
Educator: Do you think the air smells? (children's answers)
Educator: Now we will check it. Close your eyes, and when I tell you, you will slowly inhale and say what it smells (the teacher comes up to each child and gives them a sniff of perfume (orange, lemon, garlic). One child simply inhales air. All that they felt it, only Sasha didn’t feel anything. Why do you think? That’s right, Sasha didn’t feel anything, because I didn’t let him feel anything.
Conclusion: the air is odorless, objects smell.
EXPERIENCE No. 4 (air is lighter than water)
Educator: Pour carbonated water into a glass. Why is she called that? It has a lot of small air bubbles. Air is a gaseous substance, so water is carbonated. Air bubbles rise quickly and are lighter than water. Throw a grape into the water. It is slightly heavier than water and will sink to the bottom. But bubbles, similar to small balloons, will immediately begin to sit on it. Soon there will be so many of them that the grape will pop up. Bubbles will burst on the surface of the water, and the air will fly away. The heavy grape will again sink to the bottom. Here it will again be covered with air bubbles and resurface. This will continue several times until the air from the water is "exhausted". Fish swim in the same way with the help of a swim bladder.
Conclusion: Air is lighter than water.
EXPERIMENT #5 (air can be heard)
Educator: Guys, did you know that you can hear the air? Musicians who play wind instruments often hear it. Why do you think? (The musician blows into the hole of the instrument. The air trembles, sounds are made.) Sounds propagate through the air. For example, on the Moon, where there is no air, nothing is heard, it is useless to talk - sounds are not transmitted. Take musical instruments and blow into them. What did we hear? (sound) Why did the sound come about? (when the air trembles, and then we can hear it).
Conclusion: sound occurs when the air trembles, and then we can hear it.
EXPERIENCE No. 6 (air is vital)
Educator: What are we breathing? (by air). Let's test this by first inhaling deeply and then exhaling. What do you think we inhaled and exhaled? (air) Take the straws and put them in cups of water and blow, what's going on?
Children. We exhale air and bubbles appear in the water. So we have air inside us.
Educator: Now try not to breathe. Take a deep breath and hold your breath. How long can a person not breathe?
Children. No, without air, a person will die.
Educator: What conclusion can be drawn?
Conclusion: Man cannot live without air.
That's right, a person needs air to breathe. If a person can live for many days without food, a few days without water, then without air he can live only a few minutes.
Educator: Does a person only need air? (plants, animals)
But human health depends not only on how he breathes, but also on what he breathes.
Let's go to the computer and sit on the chairs. (Pay attention to the seating of the children)
Look closely at the screen. (presentation, images of nature)
What is the air like in the forest? (children's answers)
Why is he clean? (children's answers)
(there is clean air, there are no substances that emit waste. The air contains a large amount of oxygen. Oxygen is a gas that people and plants breathe. The merit of plants is that they produce oxygen. More plants - more oxygen)
How can plants be named? (our helpers, rescuers).
(continuation of the presentation of photos with factories, cars, a smoking person.)
What do you think, near garbage, factories, cars and a smoking person, smoke from fires, what kind of air? (children's answers)
Conclusion: So the air is clean and dirty.
And now I suggest you build your own city in which you would like to live. Here is a layout of the city, look carefully and think about what is missing in it, what would you add? Here are various pictures, choose what you would like to see in your city. Why? (pictures with trees, flowers, birds, cars, factories, bicycles, horse-drawn vehicles)
Let's go to the chair, do not forget about how to sit correctly.
EXPERIMENT No. 7 (air can move)
Educator: Do you think air can move?
Let's check. I will take a fan and wave at you. How do you feel? (wind)
Conclusion: So air can move.
I'll wave my fan again and tell me what kind of wind? (cold)
Now bring your palms to your mouth and lightly blow on them. What did you feel? (warm wind)
Where do you think the warm wind is? (near the stove, fire, if you turn on the hair dryer)
Conclusion: air is cold, warm and hot.
Educator: You said that air can move, who do you think helps it? Air has a good friend, and guess who? Listen to the riddle: If you find out what we are talking about, you don’t need to shout out, listen to the end, and then answer. Okay?
I will swing the birch
I'll push you
I'll fly, I'll whistle
I'll even take off my hat.
And I can't be seen.
Who am I? Can you guess? (Wind)
Educator: Yes, it's the wind. We love to play with him, play pranks. What is wind? (Children's answers.) Wind is the movement of air. He is around us. And what is the wind like? What can the wind do? (Children's answers.) Well done, how can you find out which way the wind blows? (With the help of sultans) The wind is strong and weak.
Slide depicting a hurricane, tornadoes
A strong wind is a hurricane, a tornado, storms, a tornado.
Can the wind harm a person? (Children's answers.)
Invite the children to watch a film of the influence of wind on human life (a house after a hurricane, a broken tree, ships during a storm.)
Educator: And the wind helps us, the wind is beneficial. It helps plants and animals. How?
Children: Spreads seeds, helps animals to hunt.
Educator: And so, we found out that the wind is the air. Let's save the air. After all, it is necessary for all living things on earth. Without it, there is no life. We need to learn to love our home, protect forests and be friends with beauty.
nature slideshow
Now our lesson has come to an end. What have you learned about air? What is air? (Children's answers: air is a gaseous substance, invisible, transparent, has no form, but we can detect and feel it with movement, it is in all objects, we can inhale and exhale it, it has no color, clean air has no smell, but it can convey the smell of objects). And what did you like most about our lesson?
I really liked the way you conducted laboratory research. You were all attentive. They showed curiosity. Were active. Well done. Let's smile at each other and all together we will go to the group.
In our online lesson on the world around us, we will talk about what we, nature, planet Earth would not exist without. Yes! This is air. What is air?...
Air and the properties of air
Air is a mixture of gases: nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and others.
Gases have no shape. They spread in all directions and fill the entire available volume.
Air shell of the Earth atmosphere- protects us from destructive cosmic rays, from overheating by the heat emanating from the Sun, from hypothermia.
Layers of the atmosphere:
Air is necessary for all living things to breathe and to create organic substances.
We watch an informative video from 5.55
What are the properties of air?
More about properties.
Now you see everything that is around you: walls, a computer, a closet, outside the window - houses, trees, clouds. Can we see air? AT Do you believe that air is everywhere around us?Does he exist at all? Maybe they invented it? Shall we prove it?
Study 1 .
Take a straw and dip it into a glass of water. Lightly blow into the straw. What has appeared? will appear air bubbles.
Conclusion: With the help of vision, air can still be detected in some cases.
Look at indoor plants. What color are they? What about your walls? What color do you think the air is?
We open the first property of air: the air is invisible and colorless
.
Study 2 . Now take a deep breath, what do you feel?Does the air smell like anything? But what about the smells in the confectionery, pharmacy? …We smell when particles of a substance enter our nose.
Conclusion: Pure the air has no smell.
Study 3 . Can you taste the air? Lick it.What properties of air will we discover?
Conclusion: the air has no taste
Study 4. Pick up a book. What form is it? Now try to take the air in your hands. Happened?Does air have a shape?
Conclusion: air has no shape.
Research 5.Air is elastic
Take the ball, squeeze it with your hands. Hit the ball on the floor. What are you watching? What property of air was discovered?
Now look at these two balls. Which one is more elastic? Why?
Can I make the first ball as elastic as the second one? What do I need to do?…. That's right, add air. And what happens to the ball when we add air? ...... (Air is compressed).
You must have a bicycle. What property of air is used when inflating the chamber of a bicycle wheel with a pump? ..... also jumping on sports bikes is done just because of the air in the tires.
Where else is this property used?
Research 6. Air is lighter than water, that is, less dense than water.
Take a cup of water. Try drowning a tennis ball in it. What are you watching? What property of air was discovered?
This is why you are not afraid to swim with a lifebuoy on.
Research 7. Air is a poor conductor of heat.
Why do houses have double-paned windows? What is between the frames? What property of air is manifested here?
It is true that between these double panes there is air that does not let in the cold and the houses become much warmer. Since air has a low density, it conducts heat poorly.
If air is a poor conductor of heat, why does the ground remain warm under snow and plant roots do not freeze? H the same warms the earth, is it snow?
Between the snowflakes is air, it does not let the cold through.
Think about how birds sit when it's cold outside? Why?…. And what happens to animal fur by winter?
Animal fur, bird feathers do not warm themselves, but warms the air between them. When it's cold, the animals raise their wool, the birds flutter, and the person puts on a warm sweater, a fur coat.
Research 8. Expands when heated
Why do people in the bath rise to the shelves, closer to the ceiling, to take a steam bath? Why are the batteries in the rooms installed below, under the window? What happens to hot air?
Yes, when the air heats up, the air expands, that is, it becomes lighter and rises.
Now can you explain how a hot air balloon flies?
What about Chinese lanterns?
Is it possible to have the same temperature: day and night? winter and summer? at the poles and at the equator?
What happens to warm air? (rises). What takes up the vacant space? (Cold air).
And this means that on Earth there is a constant movement of air, but simply the wind blows.
Wind is the movement of air.
Winds bring both benefit and harm.
Imagine for a moment that there is no wind on Earth. There is no wind in our industrialized city, where there are plants, factories, mines, cuts, explosions. What will happen?
Chimneys from plants and factories throw smoke high into the sky. Strong winds are blowing up there. They pick up clouds of smoke and tear them to shreds, scatter them, mix with clean air, quickly reduce the danger of poisonous gases. Tall chimneys keep trouble away from people living nearby.
There are winds that bring a lot of trouble.
How does a person use the properties of water
Man has long learned to use the power of air as a source of energy.
He invented sail
which allowed him to travel.
Already 2-3 thousand years ago, the Egyptians sailed the Mediterranean Sea on quite perfect sailing ships.
Built in the Middle Ages wind wheels
for housework.
However, in modern times, the wind turbine plays an increasingly important role, since, unlike other sources, it does not pollute the atmosphere.
One of the ways to move through the air is a balloon filled with a gas lighter than air or simply heated air. The beginning of the era of aeronautics should be considered the year 183, when the Montgolfier brothers took to the air in a balloon filled with hot air.
You cannot rely on water reliably - it is liquid. However, the water skier succeeds if he develops sufficient speed. Air is even less dense than water. But if you develop a high speed, then it turns out you can rely on it. This discovery allowed the creation of more advanced aircraft.
The ability of aircraft to move through the air is due to the fact that air has a buoyant force. For example, if you fill a balloon with a lighter gas - hydrogen, then they will fly up. 
The parachute can glide through the air due to the density of the air.
You know that when water is heated, it turns into steam, a gaseous state, and if the steam is cooled, it will turn into a liquid state again.
It turns out that any gas can also be turned into a liquid if cooled. Only this requires a very low temperature.
Carbon dioxide , cooled to a solid state, is used to freeze food and is called dry ice. And it melts at -78 degrees C.
Liquid nitrogen is formed at a temperature of -196 gr.S. It is used in medicine.
Clean oxygen used for breathing patients. They are filled with scuba gear for underwater breathing. oxygen masks are on planes for emergencies.
And liquid oxygen is needed to oxidize the fuel of spacecraft. After all, without oxygen, not only breathing is impossible, but also combustion.
We all understand that our planet simply needs air. It should be protected!
Hello, friends!
Today is a new meeting of BioTOP based on Andrey's question, which was sent by his mother Elena Valerievna Ishimova, author of the Smeshariki blog.
I slightly rephrased the question "Why is the air transparent?", But it has not lost its meaning. So, welcome to the BioTOP clearing.
Elephant (rings the bell): I declare the meeting of BioTOP open!
Kaffir Raven: Biotope! Biotope!
Elephant: What's on our agenda?
kaffir raven: Absolutely transparent theme. Why is air transparent? Is the gas colorless?
Chapter 1 Or...
Owl: Or maybe there is no air? Maybe air, like the new dress of a king from a fairy tale, does not exist. You can't see him!Meerkat: He definitely is! We breathe it!
Cheetah: I want to ask you all about this glass. Look at him.
The cheetah showed a glass in which water was poured, exactly in the middle of it.
monkey(talked): I! I know this test! Is the glass half full or half empty? Let everyone take and answer, or remember what he answered when he first heard the parable about the glass.
Owl: As for me, there was no water added. Have you regretted it?
Mud Jumper: And for me, half a glass of water is better than no water at all! I can’t breathe without moisture, but there is enough here to be able to dip my tail into it and hold out until high tide.
Meerkat: So I think that even a little water is not bad. Do you know how we rejoice when it rains in our desert?
monkey(jumping in place with impatience): Oh, I can not stand, I explain! As an optimist who enjoys life, I will immediately answer that the glass is half full! So the Mud Jumper and the Meerkat are also optimists. And a pessimist who is inclined to notice the bad in life and grumble will say that the glass is half empty.
Owl: I'm not "empty"! As I am, I say so. I put the whole truth in my eyes! I am this...
kaffir raven: Realist?
Owl: Yes he!
Cheetah: A realist will say that the glass is 100% full.
Owl: Dear Cheetah, do you see well? How many wings am I showing you? To a full glass, exactly the same amount of water is not enough!
Cheetah: What do you think, dear Owl, if I pour water from a glass, the glass will be empty?
Owl(dabbling with the wing inside the glass): Of course! Empty one hundred percent!
Chapter 2
Monkey: Can we see a tree because a ray of light does not pass through its molecules?
orangutan: You see, Monkey, but there are no wood molecules.
Monkey: How does it not happen? I see a tree! Now, if you said about the air, which is not visible, you could still believe it.
Octopus: A tree is made up of cells, and cells are made up of organelles. They seem to be small cellular organs, which is why they are called organelles. But these organelles are composed of different substances, and substances are already composed of molecules. And molecules are made up of atoms.
monkey: Large consists of medium, and medium consists of small, and small consists of tiny!
Octopus: Right! Wood cellulose is a substance with white molecules, and lignin is brown, it is what gives the color to the bark. And the molecules stand so tightly pressed against each other in rows that light cannot pass through them and is reflected. And we see them.
Monkey: But in general terms, I was right!
Orangutan: Right, dear Monkey.
Meerkat: And I understood why we can see something in the water, but not as well as in the air! Because the molecules in water are not as far apart as in a gas, but not as close as in the lignin of a tree! Correctly?
Orangutan: Well done! You are a very capable young Meerkat!
Elephant: Oh, and we have some type sitting in a glass! I just looked at it now!
Chapter 3
Someone in a glass Have noticed! And I thought I was completely invisible.
kaffir raven: Get out of the glass, my dear, and introduce yourself! Otherwise, you violate the entire protocol incognito. What should I write down?
Someone in a glass Please, no complicated words! I show up. Glass catfish, at your service!
From the glass, in which it seemed there was no one, a fish appeared, transparent, like glass. In the air, it became clearly visible, while in the water it was given out only by the head, and a small area of \u200b\u200bthe body around.
GLASS CATFISH SONG
(
I'm reputed to be a glass ghost,
And so terribly proud!
I live in invisible water,
And the predator will not find.
How did you become invisible to the water? -
You ask, friends.
How natural color lost,
I will sing you a song.
Trolling and trawling!
I'm a ghost myself, friends!
All muscles, skin, scales
Lost the pigment
I was covered with tubercles,
Do not reflect so that the light.
To become transparent like water
And don't break the light
I'm all belly space
Began to fill with fat.
Trolling and trawling!
I'm a ghost catfish, I'm a ghost catfish
I'm a ghost myself, friends!
Transparent liquid fat - success!
Yes, the spine became visible ...
Silvering it is not a sin,
To scatter the light.
You want to be irresistible
And lead a carefree life? -
I can give free advice.
"Be quiet, don't shine!"
Trolling and trawling!
I'm a ghost catfish, I'm a ghost catfish
I'm a ghost myself, friends!
Elephant: Nice to meet you, Glass Catfish! And why are you almost invisible in the water, but visible in the air.
Glass catfish: So I live in the water, and therefore I am tuned to its features. The density in water is greater than in air. Now move your hand in the air and water and you will feel the difference! If my body were filled with air and not with fat, then I would differ in density from water very much, and would be more noticeable.
Meerkat and Monkey began to swing their paws in the air, and then in the water.
Monkey: Water resists movement!
Meerkat: Aha!
Owl:Yes, you, my friend Som, are a living guide to the study of the skeleton!
Orangutan: You very correctly noticed, dear Owl! In laboratories, animals with transparent skin and organs are specially bred in order to study the internal processes during the life of the animal, without any harm to these creatures. Study glass frogs, fish. And recently even transparent mice were bred!
Octopus: Do you want me to show you the disappearing treasure trick?
Meerkat: Of course!
Chapter 4
Octopus: I once accidentally felt this item at the bottom. Of course, it turned out to be made of glass, but it could have been a diamond! See what crystal?
Monkey: How big and beautiful!
Octopus: And now - the trick with the disappearance! Let's drop the crystal into a glass of water!
Meerkat: Ouch! He seemed to dissolve. I want to touch it, if it's still there.
The meerkat dipped his paw into the glass and touched the crystal.
(Do a similar experiment with transparent glass objects, making them "disappear" in water)
Meerkat: He is there! Honest meerkat! I groped him!
monkey: Here's how to store diamonds in plain sight, in a goldfish tank.
Octopus: The crystal almost disappeared into the water, as did our friend Glass Catfish.
monkey: It still shines a little. But a diamond is transparent and hard. It cannot have large distances between molecules, like air. Why does he let the light through?
Octopus: Right. The particles in a diamond are arranged in a special close order, composing the crystal lattice. And light passes through it.
The crystal lattice of diamond.
orangutan: In glass, although there is no crystal lattice, the particles are also arranged in an orderly manner.
Octopus: Five hundred million years ago, trilobites, relatives of crayfish, lived in the seas of the Paleozoic. Their eyes were covered with transparent hard glasses made of calcite. They passed light through the middle of the crystal rhombic lattice.
Dragonfly: This is so romantic! A knight in chitinous armor with crystal eyes! Too bad they all died...
Octopus: The armor was complete, including the eyes.
Monkey: But we also have transparent parts in the body! The eyes are covered with a transparent film - the cornea. Only it is flexible, not like trilobites.
Octopus: What a subtle remark, dear Monkey! And the inside of the eye is filled with a vitreous fluid so that light can enter the inside of the eye.
Orangutan: And in plants, the skin that covers the leaf is also transparent in order to let light through to the green cells with chlorophyll to produce food.
Octopus: And our cells are filled with a transparent gel - cytoplasm.
Cheetah: And yet it is easier to become like water than to become like air. Therefore, transparent animals are more common in water - jellyfish, ctenophores, crustaceans.
Dragonfly (flapping wings): Do not tell colleague! Insects often have transparent wings to be invisible in flight!
monkey: So that's why mosquitoes have transparent wings! To get close to me as discreetly as possible and fly away discreetly when they bite! What deceit!
Octopus: Yes, dear Martyshka. Transparency is also used by predators, hiding from their victims.
glass catfish: For example, glass perches do this.
Owl: Wait! I just got it right now! So what happens? If the air molecules were colored, would the air also be colored?
Chapter 5
orangutan: Most likely, it would be so, dear Owl! But then we would have seen very badly.
Meerkat: But here in the morning in the desert the air becomes cloudy, and in the distance it is white as milk.
Owl: So it's fog!
orangutan A: Yes, it's fog. Visibility in fog is reduced due to the fact that in addition to colorless gas, very small droplets of water fly in the air. They reflect the light and do not allow it to pass freely. Therefore, we do not see what is happening in the distance.
Monkey: And in industrial cities, particles of soot fly in the air, and all sorts of chemicals. from car exhaust. And the air is polluted.
Octopus: And dust is flying in the apartment! Look at the sunbeam coming through the window. Dust particles fly in it.
Orangutan: Yes, it is difficult to meet absolutely clean air, it always has its own large and small aeronauts. Spores of fungi and bacteria, dust particles and particles of soot, plant seeds.
Octopus: I propose to go fishing, that is, I wanted to say on the hunt for aeronauts outside your window. Let's build a trap for balloonists! Let's find out if the air outside the window is so transparent.
Materials and equipment: paper plates, vaseline, stick, scotch tape.
1. Attach a paper plate upside down to a stick using tape.
2. Spread a thick layer of petroleum jelly on the plate. Tape the other plate with sticky side out.
3. Put your plates out the window on a windy day.
4. After a day, bring the traps home and examine them. The catch of the trap will depend on the time of year, and on the height of the floor on which you live. Compare which trap was more effective and caught more balloonists.
5. Conduct several surveys of such air traps: in spring, summer, autumn and winter. Compare indicators and draw conclusions.
PS: this trap allows you to catch the seeds carried by the wind in the meadows. So they study the distribution of this group of plants through the air.
Meerkat (raising your hand): I'm embarrassed to ask ... You were talking about transparent animals, and the question has been haunting me all this time. And who are the comb junkies?
Chapter 6
Octopus: Ctenophores are a bit like jellyfish. Once upon a time they were even classified as one type of coelenterates. But now, when we got to know their structure more closely, it became clear that this is an independent type of animal. They do not have poisonous stinging (nettle) cells, but sticky cells - collocytes on the tentacles. They capture and stick prey with them.
Mud Jumper: They are called comb jellies because of the cilia they use to swim. And they are also very beautiful. Although transparent, these creatures glow in the depths of the seas and oceans, twinkling with cilia like garlands.
Monkey: And let's, while our traps are catching, draw these ctenophores and other transparent animals. I know one way, even two ways, there are not even three ways to draw them!
Owl: Decide, Monkey, with ways!
monkey(curling fingers): The first is to draw on black paper with white chalk, and circle it in some places with colored crayons. I just don't have crayons...
orangutan: So, we cross out the method. But whoever has chalk available can easily draw a picture.
monkey: Well, well - we cross it out ... The second way is scratching. Scratching on a black background. But the paper must be prepared in advance. First, rub with a thick layer of colored wax crayons, and then top with a thick mixture of black ink and gouache. And then, when everything is dry, scratch the images with an awl or toothpick. I have a small sheet with a background already prepared. I don't have a sewing...
Cheetah: No problem! I have the right sharp claws!
orangutan: Probably a good picture will turn out. And the third - what way?
monkey: And the third way is to circle the image with a white candle and wax crayons, and then cover it with watercolor paint on top. And I have both wax crayons, and a candle, and watercolor paint.
Meerkat: Then, let's draw! I'm just bad at drawing. I'd like a hint.
Octopus: At the request of our Meerkat, we will make a template. On it, the first two drawings are ctenophores, and the bottom two are jellyfish. Let's put our template under the watercolor sheet, fix the windows on the glass and circle with wax crayons and in some places with a candle. And then we take a piece of foam rubber, insert it into a clothespin and cover the entire sheet with black watercolor paint.
monkey: And Cheetah and I will draw using the scratching technique.
orangutan (looking thoughtfully at the pictures): Hmm... And different techniques gave a different effect! But with watercolor, there was more movement.
Meerkat: Oh how I love to draw! I even wanted to make such a mobile with voluminous ctenophores!
Octopus: A good idea! We'll do it next time. And now it's time for us to see what the traps have caught.
Everyone went to look at the traps.
Orangutan: For vaseline, the task proved difficult. The low temperature of the spring made it hard to fish. But the tape worked well. Caught midges and sand particles.
Elephant(looking at the plate): But these are drawings of the wind! But I think it's time to close our transparent meeting today!
kaffir raven: BioTOP! Biotope!
Cheetah: Wait! The air carries my candidate in its currents! See the dot above the lake?
Elephant: We are happy to meet a new colleague. But we will present it in the next series!
So the next meeting in the BioTOP clearing ended. I would like to express my gratitude to Elena Valerievna for supporting the rubric. And I give Andrey a certificate of honorary why from the blog "Magic of Biology".
The rubric is open for new questions from why. Write questions in the comments, by mail! Do not be shy!I spend a lot of time preparing an answer, but any good performance in the theater requires it.I will definitely answer along with my assistants from the finger theater.
For parents:
Look at the poster carefully with your child.
It encodes the basic properties of air.
- air has no shape
- air has no color
- the air has no taste
- air is invisible
- the air is odorless.
To prove this, you have to go with your child
conduct a series of experiments.
Experience No. 1 "Air has no shape"
You will need:
- three balls of different shapes.
Target:
prove that air has no shape.
Experiment progress:
The child inflates three balloons of various shapes.
What's happening:
The air takes on the shape of the balloon you just blew up.
Conclusion: air has no form.
Experience number 2 "Air has no color"
You will need:
paper .
Target: show that air is transparent.
Experiment progress: Compare air with opaque objects.
Let's take a sheet of paper. It is opaque - through it we do not see the surrounding objects. And you can see everything through the air.
Conclusion:the air is transparent, because the surrounding objects are visible through it.Experience No. 3 "The air has no taste"
Experiment progress:
Ask your child the following questions: Does the air have a taste? (NO) Can we try it? (YES) Open your mouth and inhale. Do you feel anything? (no) What conclusion can we draw? Does the air have a taste?
Conclusion: so the air has no taste.
Experience No. 4 "Invisible Air"
You will need:
- two bowls of water and a glass.
Pick up an empty glass and ask your baby:
Do you think this glass is empty? Look closely, is there anything in it? And now we will check it.
Hold the glass straight and lower slowly. What happens? Why doesn't water get into the glass? What's stopping you from lowering the glass?
Conclusion: There is air in the glass, it does not let water into it.
And now you again offer to lower the glass into the water, but now hold the glass not straight, but slightly tilted.
What appears in the water? (bubbles). Where did they come from? (Air comes out of the glass and water takes its place) And why did we first think that the glass was empty? (Because air is not visible, it is transparent)
Conclusion: Air is invisible, but surrounds us everywhere.Experience number 5 "The air has no smell"
You will need: