Gorbachev Mikhail Sergeevich: where does he live now, what does he do? What do the granddaughters of the last president of the USSR, M. Gorbachev, look like and where do they live now? Where do Gorbachev's daughters live?

The first and last president of the USSR admitted in all interviews that he loved only one woman all his life - his wife Raisa Maksimovna. They met in their student years, and since then they have never parted. The children of Mikhail Gorbachev are the only daughter Irina. In his book Mikhail Gorbachev. Everything has its time. My life ”, the former president revealed many details about his personal life, including how many children he and Raisa Maksimovna could have and why she did not terminate her first pregnancy. This happened when their young family was just beginning to exist, and the news that Mikhail Gorbachev's wife was expecting a child came as a surprise to them, but despite the fact that they had long dreamed of children, Raisa had to have an abortion. The doctors insisted on this, because a year before that she had been ill with severe polymyalgia rheumatica and childbirth could have ended tragically for Raisa Maksimovna.

In the photo - Mikhail Gorbachev's daughter Irina Virganskaya

The decision to have an abortion was not easy for them, but Mikhail Sergeevich tried to reassure his young wife, saying that they could still give birth to children, and her health and even life could be irretrievably lost. Only moving to Gorbachev's homeland in Stavropol helped Raisa restore her health, and two years after they settled in a new place, she gave birth to a daughter, Irina. All her childhood and youth were spent in the Stavropol Territory, where she graduated from high school with a gold medal, and then entered a medical institute.

When Gorbachev was transferred to Moscow, Irina transferred to the Second Medical Institute. N.I. Pirogova, graduating from which in 1981, became a general practitioner. She was never a practicing doctor - at first she was engaged in scientific work, and later she completely retrained, graduating from the international business school on the basis of the Academy of National Economy under the Government of the Russian Federation and became an employee of the International Public Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Research (Gorbachev Foundation).

In the photo - Gorbachev's granddaughters - Ksenia and Anastasia

The personal life of the daughter of Mikhail Sergeevich did not develop immediately. She divorced her husband, Anatoly Virgansky, and raised her two daughters Xenia and Anastasia alone. The eldest daughter of Irina Virganskaya in 2003 married Kirill Solod, the son of a famous businessman, but this marriage was short-lived, and in 2009 she again started a family - with the former concert director of Abraham Russo Dmitry Pyrchenkov and gave birth to a daughter, Alexandra, the great-granddaughter of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev.

Anastasia, the youngest granddaughter of the former president of the USSR, graduated from MGIMO and works as an editor-in-chief at the Trendspace.ru website. She is married to Dmitry Zangiev, a graduate of the Eastern University under the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Civil Service under the President of the Russian Federation. Irina Mikhailovna herself, who after the divorce gave herself the word never to marry again, married a second time - to Andrei Trukhachev, and has since been happily married to him.

Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev is the President of the Soviet Union. His career has been successful. He was a significant figure in world politics. Thanks to him, good relations were restored in many countries of the world. It was for this that Mikhail was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. After the resignation, the opinion of the politician was listened to. He was involved in solving important political issues.

In his personal life, our hero was happy. He was married to Raisa, who until the last days of her life was his guardian angel. Currently, the man lives with his daughter's family.

Height, weight, age. How old is Mikhail Gorbachev

Mikhail Gorbachev, whose photo in his youth and now is of interest, is approaching his 90th birthday. In 2018, he modestly celebrates his 87th birthday. The birthday dinner will be attended by loved ones. The man does not think about the future. He thinks to live as many years as measured to him by higher powers.

Today it is officially known what a politician's height, weight, age is. How old Mikhail Gorbachev is also no secret. A man with a height of 181 cm weighs 90 kg. He often walks along the paths of the park, leads a healthy lifestyle. The politician's favorite dish is oatmeal, which is prepared by his daughter.

Where does Mikhail Gorbachev live now?

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics collapsed in 1991. The president of a large country has retired. He began to write memoirs, publish newspapers.

In 1996, the man tried to return to the big Russian political life again. He put forward his candidacy for the post of President of the Russian Federation. Only half a percent of the population supported the candidacy of the politician. After the election, Gorbachev congratulated Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin, who won the election.

After the death of his beloved wife, the man went into politics. He created the Russian Social Democratic Party, which never entered the State Duma.

Then our hero began to think about how and where to live. He went to Germany, where he bought himself a castle on Bavarian soil, in which he lives with his daughter and granddaughters.

In Bavaria, where Mikhail Gorbachev now lives, they know about his political past. The politician loves to walk along the shady alleys of the park, go fishing.

The last time the President of the Soviet Union visited Moscow was in mid-2015. He was examined in one of the capital's clinical hospitals, after which Mikhail Sergeevich left again for Germany.

Biography and personal life of Mikhail Gorbachev

A boy appeared in the difficult pre-war time in the Stavropol Territory. Mother - Maria Gorbacheva did everything possible to give her sons a good education. His father, Sergei Gorbachev, survived death twice. In addition to the politician, the younger brother Alexander was brought up in the family.

From childhood, Misha had to help his parents. He studied well, and in his free time from school he worked on a collective farm. The guy became an assistant combine operator. For his work he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.

At the age of 19 he joined the Komsomol, the recommendation was signed by the director and the school teaching staff.

After an excellent graduation from school, our hero becomes a student at the Moscow Humanitarian University. Due to the presence of a state award, Misha was admitted to the university without exams. At the same time, he was accepted into the party.

In the mid-1950s, Gorbachev graduated from the university with honors. Then in the direction he works in the Stavropol Regional Prosecutor's Office. A few days later he began working in the Stavropol city committee of the Komsomol. After a short time, the guy was seen. He was offered the position, first of the second, and then of the first secretary of the regional committee of the Komsomol.

Our hero, in addition to law, also received an economic education.

In 1961, the young politician was sent to the Congress of the CPSU in Moscow. At this time, the most prominent political figures of the Soviet Union became interested in his fate. At the suggestion of L.I. Brezhnev, the young politician was transferred to work in Moscow.

From that moment on, Gorbachev's career developed rapidly. In 1978 he was the Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Then he worked in the Politburo of the Soviet Union. After the death of Chernenko, Mikhail Sergeevich became the General Secretary of the Soviet Union.

In the late 80s of the last century, he became the first and last President of the Soviet Union. Among the merits of Mikhail Sergeyevich are the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, the establishment of relations with European countries and the United States of America.

In 1991, the politician resigned. He began to lead an active life outside of politics: he lectured for students, wrote books, appeared on television.

In the campaign of the mid-90s, Mikhail Sergeevich tried again to become President, but this time of the Russian Federation. Only a small part of the voting people supported the policy.

In 1995, the former President of the Soviet Union received the Nobel Peace Prize.

At the beginning of the new millennium, the politician created the Social Democratic Party. In 2013, our hero retired. He began to live quietly and modestly in Germany. The man is always sick. He is treated by the most famous doctors in the world.

Gorbachev supported the Crimeans with their choice. This led to him being banned by the new Ukrainian authorities from entering the country.

The biography and personal life of Mikhail Gorbachev are of interest to lovers of Russian history.

The politician had a single wife, who until her death was happy with Mikhail Sergeevich. After the death of the woman, Gorbachev began to live with his daughter Ira and two granddaughters.

Family and children of Mikhail Gorbachev

As already mentioned, the family and children of Mikhail Gorbachev currently live in their own castle in Bavaria. The politician has a beloved daughter, Irina, who takes care of her father. She works at the Gorbachev Foundation.

The President is the grandfather of two granddaughters. They have long grown up and have themselves become mothers of charming children. The eldest granddaughter is called Xenia. She is engaged in modeling business and brings up her daughter Sashenka. The second granddaughter of the President is called Anastasia. She works in her own newspaper publishing house.

Our hero met his future wife in his student years. The wedding was noisy, student. When the young husband went to Stavropol, Raisa, like a real wife, went with him. The couple did not part for a minute. They were a beautiful couple. In the mid-1990s, the woman fell seriously ill. Treatment abroad did not give results. She soon passed away.

The former politician was proud of his ancestors. It is known that his grandfathers were repressed in the mid-30s of the last century. During the Great Patriotic War, Mikhail Gorbachev's father was at the front. The family received a funeral for him, but it turned out that the funeral was sent by mistake. The man survived and returned home. He worked on the farm all his life.

The politician's mother was kind and sympathetic. She did everything for her husband and sons. A woman was buried next to her husband in Stavropol.

Mikhail Sergeevich had a younger brother. He worked all his life in one of the military units. The man passed away at the beginning of the new millennium.

Daughter of Mikhail Gorbachev - Irina Virganskaya-Gorbacheva

In 1957, a popular politician became the father of a charming baby. Her parents named her Irishka. The girl never upset her parents. She studied well at school, was the best student in the class.

After receiving the certificate, the girl enters the medical institute. After graduating from it, she realized that she had made a mistake with her choice of profession, and became an economist.

In the late 70s, Mikhail Gorbachev's daughter, Irina Virganskaya-Gorbacheva, fell in love for the first time. Her chosen one was a vascular surgeon working in the First City Hospital, named Alexander. The marriage produced two daughters of a woman.

In the early difficult 90s, frequent quarrels began to arise in the family, which led to a break.

In 2016, Irina married businessman Andrei Trukhachev.

The woman works for her father's charitable foundation. She tries to prolong the life of a man for many years.

Mikhail Gorbachev's wife - Raisa Gorbachev

At the end of the last century, Mikhail Gorbachev's wife, Raisa Gorbachev, passed away in Germany, where she had been treated for leukemia for several years. The politician was terribly worried about her departure. He even thought about death. But the man forced himself to live for the sake of his daughter and granddaughters.

The future spouses met at a student evening. After some time they got married. Raisa has become a real guardian angel for the young politician. She went everywhere with him, advised him on work, studied his memoirs.

The beloved wife of the President of the Soviet Union is laid to rest at the Vagankovsky cemetery in the capital. Her grave is located near the burial places of Vladimir Vysotsky and Sergei Yesenin.

Funeral: date of death of Mikhail Gorbachev

In 2013, information appeared that the politician had passed away. Many political figures began to call and ask where the President would be buried. But Mikhail Sergeevich has not yet died. He says that once they talk about it, then death will not come to him.

Our hero is already of advanced age, so from time to time there is a rumor that his funeral took place. The date of Mikhail Gorbachev's death remains a mystery to everyone.

Instagram and Wikipedia Mikhail Gorbachev

Instagram and Wikipedia of Mikhail Gorbachev are searched by history buffs on the World Wide Web.

On Wikipedia, you can learn about the childhood and youth of an outstanding political figure. Here is an account of his political career. The page contains information about the relatives of the man. You can also find out what the President of a large country did after his resignation.

Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev is a Soviet and Russian politician and statesman. The last General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, as well as the last Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. From 1989 to 1990 - First Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. He was the only president of the USSR (from 1990 to 1991).

Mikhail Gorbachev went down in history as a great personality. He was included in the list of the most influential statesmen not only in Russia, but also in a number of other socialist republics. During his reign in the Soviet Union, a number of large-scale changes took place that affected the whole world as a whole. This was the so-called "Perestroika" period.

Mikhail Gorbachev has a large number of awards and honorary titles in his track record. In 1990 he received the Nobel Peace Prize.

In 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev founded the Gorbachev Foundation, which is engaged in the study of perestroika research.

The biography and career growth of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is full of interesting facts. There are a huge number of adherents of his work, but also many blame Mikhail Gorbachev for the collapse of the USSR.

Height, weight, age. How old is Mikhail Gorbachev

Mikhail Gorbachev is a fairly stately man. Confidence and inner strength always emanated from him. His whole appearance and voice, sounding from the podium, riveted the audience. Many were literally interested in everything about the President of the USSR, including his physical parameters, such as height, weight, age. How old is Mikhail Gorbachev, perhaps, everyone who was born during the Soviet Union knows. Now the politician is 87 years old.

Mikhail Gorbachev is a tall man, his height is 181 centimeters, and his weight is 90 kilograms. "Mikhail Gorbachev - a photo in his youth and now" is still a popular request on the Internet.

The combination of the sign of the Zodiac - Pisces and the eastern horoscope - Goat, gives us a strong, strong-willed and self-confident person.

Where does Mikhail Gorbachev live now?

Where does Mikhail Gorbachev live now? - the question is quite interesting. There is no exact answer to it. Different sources name different places from each other.

But still, the majority are confident and cite official data that Mikhail Gorbachev and his family live in Germany, more precisely in Bavaria. They moved there over 10 years ago. Perhaps the reason for the move was the fierce criticism of the management activities of the President of the USSR, and he could no longer stay in his homeland.

Mikhail Gorbachev's house for a million euros, probably, was not discussed only by the lazy. The president really bought real estate in the resort town of Rottach-Egern - "Castle Hubertus". The area is very beautiful - bewitching landscapes, nature and a river where you can fish.

Biography and personal life of Mikhail Gorbachev

The biography and personal life of Mikhail Gorbachev began in the village of Privolnoye, Medvedensky District, Stavropol Territory. The future politician was born on March 2, 1931 in a peasant Russian-Ukrainian family. His father is Sergei Gorbachev, Russian, participant in the Great Patriotic War, where he died. Mother - Maria Gorbacheva, Ukrainian. Mikhail Gorbachev has a younger brother - Alexander Gorbachev, a military man, served in the Special Forces of Missile Forces. Died in 2001.

From virginity, Mikhail Gorbachev combined study and work at the MTS and the collective farm. At the age of 19 he became a candidate member of the CPSU. In 1952, Mikhail Gorbachev became a member of the CPSU, and this is how his political career begins.

After graduation, he entered the Moscow State University. Lomonosov without exams for the Faculty of Law. After graduating from the university, he was assigned to the regional prosecutor's office, where he worked for only a few days, because. was invited to the Komsomol work.

The political career of Mikhail Gorbachev grew rapidly. The party service gave him the opportunity to get a second higher education as an economist. It is known that Mikhail Gorbachev was repeatedly considered for a position in the KGB.

Soon Mikhail Gorbachev becomes a deputy of the Supreme Council and heads the commission on youth affairs.

The political and social biography of Mikhail Gorbachev is quite rich. He occupies a number of significant positions in the state. And in 1989 he already became the Chairman of the Supreme Council. Soon he was elected the First President of the USSR. It happened in 1990.

With the coming to power of Mikhail Gorbachev, the stage of "Perestroika" began, which was marked by a number of political and social reforms. His entire policy was aimed at improving the economic indicators in the country due to the increase in the amount of industry, the development of the scientific and technical field, the increase in social indicators, etc. But the approved system failed. Deficit, discontent among the population and the unification of anti-Soviet groups are among the negative results of Mikhail Gorbachev's campaign.

Soon the economic situation in the Soviet Union began to deteriorate, many countries decided to secede. In 1991, the President of the USSR signed documents on the withdrawal of the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union. Later, on the basis of this fact, a criminal case was initiated against Mikhail Gorbachev. On December 25, 1991, the President of the USSR resigned his powers.

After his resignation, Mikhail Gorbachev began a new life. He owned shares in a Russian newspaper and wrote many literary works. Mikhail Gorbachev also lectured at the country's universities. In general, he continued to engage in social and political activities

In 1996, Mikhail Gorbachev announced his candidacy for the post of President of Russia, but scored less than one percent. Later, in 2001, he becomes the leader of the Social Democratic Party.

The personal life of Mikhail Gorbachev is not as diverse as his social and political activities. The politician was married once and forever. Raisa Gorbacheva, a wonderful woman and adviser in business, became his wife. Raisa Gorbacheva died in 1999.

In the family of Mikhail Gorbachev, the only daughter, Irina, was born, who gave her parents two granddaughters. Ksenia is the first granddaughter of Mikhail Gorbachev, married twice, has a daughter, Alexandra. Anastasia is the second granddaughter of Mikhail Gorbachev, married, works as the chief editor of the site.

Family and children of Mikhail Gorbachev

The childhood and youth period of Mikhail Gorbachev is filled with sorrowful colors. The father, who went to the front, died. The village where little Gorbachev lived was occupied by German troops and liberated only six months later. His grandfathers were repressed.

All these events were very memorable for Mikhail Gorbachev. From his youth, he carried the idea of ​​changing the political system of his native country, so that the family and children of Mikhail Gorbachev lived happily, had a future without war.

Mikhail Gorbachev was married once and has one child.

Daughter of Mikhail Gorbachev - Irina

The daughter of Mikhail Gorbachev is Irina Virganskaya-Gorbacheva, the only child of a politician. She was born on January 6, 1957.

Irina received a medical education, but later retrained as an economist. He is now vice president of the Gorbachev Foundation.

In 1978, she first married Anatoly Virgansky, a vascular surgeon at the First City Hospital in Moscow. In 1993, the family broke up.

Since 2006, she has been married to Andrey Trukhachev, a businessman who is engaged in transportation.

Irina has two children - Ksenia and Anastasia. The girls are already quite old, live independent lives and are famous personalities. So, for example, Ksenia is a model, married and has a daughter, Alexandra, who was born in 2008. Anastasia is an MGIMO graduate and works as an editor-in-chief at the Trendspace.ru website.

Mikhail Gorbachev's wife - Raisa Gorbachev

The wife of Mikhail Gorbachev is Raisa Gorbachev, the only and beloved wife of the President of the USSR. The First Lady of the Soviet Union was born on January 5, 1931 in Rubtsovsk. Graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow State University. Mikhail Gorbachev and Raisa Gorbachev met at a dance, and on September 25, 1953, they officially registered their relationship. In 1957, a daughter, Irina, was born in the Gorbachev family.

Raisa Gorbacheva often appeared in the frame with her husband. She accompanied him to all social events and trips. She was also an adviser in many social and political issues. Raisa Gorbacheva has always been able to maintain a dialogue at any level.

The first lady of the USSR dressed elegantly, for which she received respect from European women, but she annoyed some Soviet girls.

Funeral: date of death of Mikhail Gorbachev

As often happens, in 2013 there were rumors that Mikhail Gorbachev had died. Then many media picked up the news that the First and only President of the USSR had passed away. By the way, one of the first to announce the death of Mikhail Gorbachev was a representative of the German Foreign Ministry. The information seemed so reliable that many began to look for where the influential politician was buried in order to take him on his last journey. But a day later, it became known that the information had no veracity. Mikhail Gorbachev, fortunately, turned out to be alive and still lives in Germany.

And today you can find information and even videos on the topic "Funeral: the date of the death of Mikhail Gorbachev."

Instagram and Wikipedia Mikhail Gorbachev

Instagram and Wikipedia of Mikhail Gorbachev are frequent requests on the Internet. It is known that the politician, due to his age, does not have accounts in social networks. But Wikipedia reveals to us the personality of Mikhail Gorbachev very well.

Here you can get acquainted with the biography of the politician, his political and social activities. Also here are the works of Mikhail Gorbachev, there is information about his awards and honorary titles. The information is completely true and is in the public domain on the Internet. The article was found on alabanza.ru

The concept of the intelligentsia in the Russian language, in the Russian consciousness is evolving: first it is the “service of the mind”, then the “service of conscience”, then the “service of good breeding”. Mikhail Sergeevich and Raisa Maksimovna Gorbachev went through all these three services - the mind, ...

The concept of the intelligentsia in the Russian language, in the Russian consciousness is evolving: first it is the “service of the mind”, then the “service of conscience”, then the “service of good breeding”. Mikhail Sergeevich and Raisa Maksimovna Gorbachev went through all these three services - intelligence, conscience and good breeding. On the eve of the 80th birthday of the First President of the USSR, I met with Irina Virganskaya-Gorbacheva...

The interview lasted two and a half hours. Somewhere in the middle of the conversation, Ira said: “You know, I am always responsible for my words and deeds. But as for other people, even the closest ones, I cannot be an interpreter. Here Raisa Maksimovna * wrote a book. Only one. I also wanted to write about the years after my resignation. Did not make it. And Mikhail Sergeevich wrote many books. And, you see, I have a cliff here ... Here dad is alive and well and let him tell everyone about his feelings, perceptions, relationships with people. And I have no right... - And - after a pause: - I am struck by the enormity of today's memories, memoirs, interviews. Each for his hero decided everything, outlined everything, thought everything ... "

So: in this interview, Ira Gorbacheva is just a daughter. No more. But no less. A close-up look. Or a summary for yourself.

And let's also remember: what is not said is part of what has been said, and not vice versa.

About childhood

“My parents always behaved very reservedly around me, without such, you know, outward manifestations of love. But there was this: interpenetration. This is when dad comes home from work, and the whole family listens about all the sheep and about where everything burned down and where he went and with whom he spoke ... Mom returned from the department and begins: such a student, such a student ... And I - to myself ... Everything they lived one life, although, of course, something separate, personal happened with dad and mom in their professions.

I remember the constant silence in the house. Everything is in books. And I'm parallel to my parents - too. She started reading at the age of four. No one taught specifically. She asked something, explained some letters ... We had a huge library, and I was chained to it at the age of four, and I read continuously.

From living conditions I remember life in a communal apartment. I don't remember the neighbors' names, but I remember their faces and the number of doors - eight families lived there besides us. I remember the kitchen with gas stoves, I remember swearing, and something good. I was then three or four years old.

My parents, out of conviction, did not send me to a special school for the children of the party nomenklatura. I went to the most ordinary school. But as soon as Mikhail Sergeevich assumed the post of first secretary of the Stavropol City Party Committee, I, a ten-year-old child, became a public figure. And the children's teenage environment, it's not easy anyway. There, and so they develop - inside and with the world - their tough relations, and if this is superimposed on the fact that your dad is a party leader ... Then relations are canalized in different directions. First: dislike. Second: the desire to suck up or get used to, or something. Did I feel it? And felt, and burned. Then I did not have such developed instincts as now. (Laughs.) Well, now they want to suck up less. Thank you Lord, I got rid of this a long time ago.

In short, over time, my relationship with classmates leveled off. No, they didn't poison them in an organized manner. I think that in order to be persecuted in an organized way, you need to be a victim. The inner feeling of the victim should be. The crowd feels it. Even school. Since childhood, I have not been among the people-victims. ”

About the "Kremlin family"

“After school I went to medical school. The choice was mine. But dictated by circumstances. I really wanted to go to Moscow, to enter the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow State University. But my parents... no, they didn't say we forbid you. But unobtrusively they said many times: how is it that you are alone with us ... and you will leave? .. And in Stavropol I didn’t have much to choose from. But a doctor is a good profession, and I was internally ready for it.

And my 4th course in honey had just begun - Mikhail Sergeevich was taken to work in Moscow. I was happy. But from the first reaction of my mother, I did not understand whether she was glad. Mom left with dad immediately, with one suitcase, and my husband and I a little later. And when I saw her a month and a half later, she was already some kind of updated.

My mother loved Moscow very much. Memories of college days and all that. Although I loved Stavropol. Not so much the city itself… But this opportunity to go outside the city and go, go, go, and around mountains and fields, meadows and steppes… She loved all this beauty very much. They collected grass high in the mountains with dad.

And when we became a “Kremlin family”, absolutely nothing in our internal relations has changed.”

Here Ira falls silent and thoughtfully, slowly, carefully choosing her words: “But we have such a country ... You see, if I say now that we all came home the same way and told everything to each other, then again there will be talk that the decisions of the Politburo were accepted in the family by Raisa Maksimovna or else, God forbid, they will drag me in ... But this is an anecdote! Those decisions that were political were not discussed in the family. Emotions, reactions, sensations, experiences were discussed. Here at the level: tired - not tired, it torments, then it worries ... A person always needs to talk to someone, he needs an interlocutor.

But everything can be taken out of context and immediately vulgarized. So they vulgarized and made it a myth - and he, this myth, is still alive, still walks - about Raisa Maksimovna. She decided! She ruled! She was in command! But my mother didn't have it.

Here I have, yes, the command voice is already appearing. However, when? When dad eats the fifth bun. Well, you know, you can't give up here. Here's what to do if dad drinks coffee and eats the fifth bun ... I say: dad, this is the fifth bun! He: What do you think? And proves that the first ... "

Raisa Maksimovna's grandfather was an honest hardworking peasant. He was arrested as an "enemy of the people". And the grandmother was expelled by the neighbors. In front of the eyes of the entire village, she was dying of hunger and grief, and no one helped her.

Grandfather was shot on August 20, 1937. And exactly fifty-four years later, on the putsch, on August 20, 1991, as Olga Zdravomyslova** recalls, Raisa Maksimovna was struck and frightened by the coincidence of these dates. At night, there, in Foros, she could not fall asleep in any way, and when the doctor offered her sleeping pills, she refused: “I am afraid that I will fall asleep, then I will wake up somewhere else, far from here, and everyone is killed - and the girls too.”

The grandfather of Mikhail Sergeevich was also repressed. From the memoirs of Raisa Maksimovna, it can be seen that the Gorbachevs were formed during the years of the “Khrushchev thaw” and belonged to the generation of “children of the 20th Congress”, to the “sixties”, who fought against the legacy of Stalinism. For them, Stalin was a tyrant. Everything! Dot. Solid point. No commas or "buts". There are things where even grammar protests. And not just grammar. (See above - about the service of conscience.)

Recently in America, the remarkable Russian poet Naum Korzhavin said this to me about perestroika and Gorbachev: “It was of great importance for us to be freed from the yoke of Stalinism. And then there was the liberation from communism. And often those people who reached the next step despised those who got stuck on the previous one. By the time Gorbachev appeared, I had already freed myself from communism. And he began to free himself and free others from the stupor of Stalinism. Therefore, some considered Gorbachev's attitude to life insufficient. And I am grateful to him. Because the country, in order to move on, had to free itself from the stupor of Stalinism. And Gorbachev's activity in this direction was very necessary.

About resignation

“After my father’s resignation, our phones went silent. Well, they fell silent and fell silent ... Some people just cut off. Relatives included. But see what's the matter? There are new people, new friends. And there are those who did not cut off. It's always like this: someone is cut off, cut off, and someone remains... No one and nothing is ever cut off until the end. And what has not been cut off is already your special value and joy ...

Although the resignation, however, was very difficult. Especially in the early nineties. All these trials, all this harassment, Foundation evictions. Mom is sick… After Foros, she had such problems… Not only did her hand go away, she also became blind.” "Can it be written?" I ask. Ira, sighing: “You can. Now everything is possible. Well, in general, there were a lot of problems, including financial ones. Mikhail Sergeevich has a pension, I don’t remember exactly, either one dollar converted into rubles, or two. What is the situation in the country? Everything is bad, and Gorbachev is to blame for everything. But! The degree of freedom that I felt after my father's resignation is incomparable with anything! Freedom from constant pressure… Be there, do this, do that… I didn’t have any positions, but this terrible moral responsibility for the fact that somewhere something exploded, something happened… and it puts pressure on you and presses , and crushes ... And here is freedom ... No matter what they do to you, no matter what they write, no matter how they destroy - you are free!

About my mother's death

“Mom’s death is a black failure. Wild dreams haunt me to this day. Terrible, incredible dreams ... I dream of my mother and the horror of these dreams, that my mother appears in my dreams alive, as if nothing had happened to her, and begins to tell me something about today's affairs ... And I can’t understand: who did we bury ? To whom do we go to the cemetery? And I have been living through this nightmare all eleven years since my mother died. Today, I have these dreams a little less often, and when it just happened, it was generally uninterrupted.

Until the death of Raisa Maksimovna, Ira lived in Moscow, in an apartment. She divorced her husband and raised her daughters on her own. The eldest must be taken to one school, the youngest to another, to work herself, in short, to live outside the city with her parents - to lose a lot of time.

After graduation, Ira defended her dissertation, worked at the Cardiology Research Center, and in 1994 Mikhail Sergeevich told his daughter: let's think about how we will work with the Foundation. Ira thought and thought and realized that she is a pure scientist and does not understand economics, business, or management at all.

She was thirty-seven years old. But she made up her mind: she left her job and sat down at a desk at the business school of the Academy of National Economy. And only after graduation she began to work in the Gorbachev Foundation.

“And in 1999, my mother ended up in Münster ***, in a clinic. And we hoped until the very end that she would get better. Let her need long-term care, rehabilitation, we believed: she will recover. And Mikhail Sergeevich then made a decision of his own free will: he appointed me vice-president of the Fund with all the powers of the president. Well, he will be inseparable from his mother and, probably, for a long time ... And the Foundation is an organization, people work there, you can’t interrupt. That's how I became vice president."

About a family without a mother

When Raisa Maksimovna died, Ira one day packed up her things in her apartment, took her daughters and moved to Mikhail Sergeevich's dacha.

“Yes, it was far to travel, it took a lot of time and effort, but I understood that he should not be left alone. Just shouldn't. And you can’t think of anything else and you won’t do anything else. Either you are a family or you are not a family.

The first two years after my mother's death, my father and I lived without separation from each other. Absolutely non-stop. We worked together, on business trips together, at home together…

But two years later, when Ksyusha was already twenty-one years old, and Nastya was fourteen, it became more difficult: they could not call friends, somehow uncomfortable, they were afraid of their grandfather; at nine in the evening you have to stand at attention, grandfather is worried ...

A family is all family members without exception. And keeping a balance in the family is a whole story ...

And so I sold my apartment in Moscow and bought a small house in Zhukovka. What did it give? Relative freedom of movement for my girls because I am a loyal parent. And to dad from our house to go five minutes.

After the divorce, Ira made a promise to herself: no more men and no more marriages. But then she met with Andrei Trukhachev. And it was also very difficult. Behind each is a trail of personal problems, a trail of one's own life, it was necessary to solve a lot, understand, comprehend, both together and alone. They even parted for a year to understand everything. They understood and got married in 2006. Since then - happy.

About father's working day

“Dad's working day is different. It is relatively calm. And sometimes - lectures at American universities, and in twelve days we fly ten times from place to place in different parts of the country.

Mikhail Sergeevich is forced to give lectures because this is our main income. Audiences - from five hundred to twelve thousand people. Such public lectures are a huge physical and intellectual strain. Here, in Russia, dad also gives lectures at Moscow State University or at the Russian State Humanitarian University, but less often and for free.”

After the death of Raisa Maksimovna, Gorbachev wildly loaded himself with work. Ira believes that he does this on purpose so as not to think about his mother every second.

About charity

It was Raisa Maksimovna Gorbacheva, as the First Lady, who revived charity in the Soviet Union. Before her, this word in the beloved fatherland was abusive. The first project was the department she opened for the treatment of childhood leukemia at the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital No. 20. The first contribution of Raisa Maksimovna is a fee for her book "I hope ...". Gorbachev's entire Nobel Prize (almost one million dollars) was distributed among several hospitals, including the Republican Children's Hospital.

In 2007, with the support of the state and businessman Alexander Lebedev, the Raisa Maksimovna Gorbacheva Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Transplantation was opened in St. Petersburg. This institute is a state institution, but the Gorbachev family helps it very significantly. And the results are amazing: if in the 80s of the last century the five-year survival rate of children with leukemia in the USSR was 7-10%, while in European clinics more than 70% of sick children were cured completely, today the results of treatment of sick children at the Institute of Pediatric Hematology and transplantology named after Raisa Maksimovna Gorbacheva - at the level of the leading hematological centers in Europe.

In total, the Gorbachev Foundation spent eleven million dollars on charity. Ira says that the figure is very conditional and approximate - without taking into account the last two years and not counting the humanitarian aid that in the nineties went to Chechnya and other "hot spots" under the auspices of the Foundation. And this despite the fact that the Gorbachev Foundation is not a charitable organization, but the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Science Research. That is, they could not do charity work at all. And no one could judge.

Just as Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev was not at all obliged to make a charity event out of his birthday. But Ira offered her father exactly this idea - a charity anniversary evening ... With one single goal: once again to help children with leukemia.

About the anniversary celebration

“And as soon as preparations for the anniversary of the pope began, the myth jumped again ... Either on the Internet, then on the radio, then even in the“ perestroika ”publications ... Aha !!! London!!! We have everything there now! And Gorbachev - there too!

Meanwhile, Mikhail Sergeevich's birthday has already begun. Exhibition “Mikhail Gorbachev. PERESTROIKA.

Actually Gorbachev at the exhibition is not enough. And this is understandable: the country is bigger… The main concept of the exhibition was immediately formed in my first conversation with the director of the Moscow House of Photography, Olga Sviblova. This exhibition is not only about Mikhail Sergeevich, but it is he, Mikhail Sergeevich, against the backdrop of the country. And where is this exhibition? In Moscow. On Manezhnaya Square. But no one discusses it. Everyone is talking about London.

On February 24, an exhibition opens in Berlin. Why Berlin? Because Berlin has become a symbol of the end of the Cold War.

And on March 2, on the very birthday, we walk in Moscow. With your closest ones. With the party of friends of Gorbachev. There will be both student friends and friends of his whole life ...

March 15-16 at the Gorbachev Foundation conference, which will be held with the "Memorial", - about the "sixties".

Now - about London. For the past five years, the Lebedev family has been organizing charity balls there every year. Well, we are with them. Money is collected that goes to the Raisa Gorbacheva Foundation. And this time it is a different event, organized by the Gorbachev Foundation and the Gorbi-80 company in honor of the anniversary of Mikhail Sergeyevich.

Why London? Great Britain as a country and London as a city are “sharpened” for such events. There is no need to overcome a thousand obstacles and endlessly prove something to someone. The same Albert Hall goes towards us in all directions - for example, nominal lodges. These lodges are owned by individual families and companies and have been bought out years in advance, so people are giving up their lodges that evening in our favor.”

In the British press, the amount is mentioned: five million pounds are planned to be collected at a charity ball in London in connection with Gorbachev's anniversary. The money, I repeat, will go to the treatment of children with leukemia.

About the "service of upbringing"

I read from Mikhail Gasparov: “the service of the mind” is an appeal to the whole world, to everything that could require the intervention of the mind in it. And the “service of good breeding” is the “service of sociability”, or relations between people who are aware of themselves as equals. In the old days they said: "neighbors." Probably, this is the main thing in intelligence - the ability to treat each other with respect, to feel the closeness of ordinary people from ordinary life.

At the end of the conversation, I ask Ira Gorbacheva what she admires most about her father.

“We were with him in some, I don’t remember which country, we were driving a car, he looked out the window, and there were people walking along the street - both dark-haired, and narrow-eyed, and all sorts of different ones, and he said : “Daughter, look how much God has created ... This means that everything is needed. And everyone, therefore, must be loved ... "

He knows people. He knows their weaknesses, oddities, shortcomings, and even those shortcomings that are very negative. And still loves. And stupid, and evil, and funny people. Any!
This is what I admire most about my father: absolute unparalleled decency and absolute philanthropy.

* Ira calls her parents either her father and mother, or by her first name and patronymic, I left it in the text, did not edit.
** Olga Zdravomyslova - Executive Director of the Gorbachev Foundation.
*** Munster - in the clinic of this German city, Raisa Maksimovna Gorbacheva spent the last eight weeks of her life.