Purulent discharge from the cervix.

The appearance of leucorrhoea in women is considered physiologically normal. Their nature may vary depending on the reproductive cycle. Pathology is the appearance of discharge with pus. They indicate the development of the disease. Therefore, it is very important for doctors to determine the causes of purulent discharge in women. Only in this case it will be possible to prescribe the correct treatment.

Characteristics of purulent whites

In most cases, whites with impurities of pus are abundant. They have the following characteristic features:

• Bad smell.
• Yellow or greenish color.
• They are more liquid than regular whites.

In some cases, the appearance of purulent discharge is accompanied by pains of a pulling nature in the lower abdomen. Pain in this case can be given to the lower back.

When urinating, the patient may feel a significant pain. It may also develop. Large and small labia may be hyperemic. In some patients, the body temperature rises.

Discharge from the genital organs with an admixture of pus consists of mucus, which is produced by glands located in the mucous membranes of the reproductive system, white blood cells, leukocytes and inflammatory exudate. The latter is present in any zone of inflammation.

Causes of pathology

The reasons for the appearance of whites with purulent impurities can be very different, but they always indicate the development of pathological processes in the internal and external genital organs. These can be inflammatory diseases, specific infections, anomalies in the structure of organs, oncological diseases.

Inflammatory diseases

It is not only about inflammation of the epithelium of the vagina, but also more serious pathologies of the genital organs.

All inflammatory processes develop for the following reasons:

• Infection with bacteria.
• Violation of the hormonal background.
• Endocrine diseases.
• Mechanical damage to the walls of the vagina.
• The use of certain drugs.
• Weakening of immune processes.

Normally, the microflora of the vagina is balanced. She herself protects the genitals from various infections. When the bacterial balance is disturbed, opportunistic bacteria are activated and cause inflammation. For this reason, such diseases most often appear that provoke the appearance of discharge with the smell of pus in women, such as colpitis, vaginitis, and vulvovaginitis.

And also the following diseases can become the cause of purulent leucorrhoea:

It is worth noting that a woman can pick up nonspecific inflammatory agents when using common bath accessories, someone else's bed linen. A bacterial imbalance can occur with therapeutic douching if the woman does not follow the doctor's recommendations.

Specific infections

Such infectious agents enter the body of a woman in the vast majority of cases through sexual contact. They can be hidden and therefore very dangerous.

The most common sexually transmitted infections include:

To protect against these diseases, you need to use condoms during sex. It is also not recommended to wear synthetic underwear. It causes diaper rash, which becomes a breeding ground for pathogens.

Anomalies in the development of organs

In some women, the internal genital organs have an abnormal structure. Sometimes there is such a pathology as incomplete doubling of the vagina. With it, next to the main organ there is a parallel, underdeveloped appendage. They often communicate with each other. In fact, the appendage is a pocket in which secretory fluid can accumulate. Due to the lack of normal conditions for the outflow of fluid, congestion first occurs, and then inflammation develops.

If the pathology is not treated in time, a fistula may form, through which tissue decay products will be excreted into the vagina.

Medicines cannot cure this pathology. A woman can only be helped by surgery. The surgeon simply remove the appendage, while the reproductive functions will not be impaired.

Cancer of the vagina and uterus

Oncological diseases are one of the causes of discharge from the uterus. Pathological secretory activity appears, as a rule, with secondary infection of the neoplasm.

A feature of discharge in oncological diseases is the abundance of blood clots. The exudate has a heavy smell of rot.

Cancer of the uterus and vagina is most often detected in women over the age of 60 years. When examining the affected organs, the doctor sees areas of necrosis, in the center of which oozing ulcers are located.

The treatment of this pathology is mainly surgical. After the removal of neoplasms and adjacent tissues, the patient undergoes courses of radiation and chemical therapy.

If you start treatment in the early stages of oncology, then the likelihood of a complete recovery is very high. When contacting doctors at a late stage of the disease, the prognosis will be disappointing.

Establishing diagnosis

Before prescribing treatment, doctors must find out the cause of the appearance of pathological whites. For this, the following studies are being carried out:

• Ultrasound examination of the uterus using a vaginal probe.
• X-ray of the abdominal organs. If necessary, a contrast agent is used.
• General analysis of blood and urine.
• Blood chemistry. If oncology is suspected, tumor markers are detected.
• If the doctor suspects specific infections, then the infectious agent is determined by PCR and ELISA.
• Visual examination of the cervix.
• Colposcopy.

Be sure to take smears to determine hidden infections. Without the results of this study, it is impossible to develop an effective regimen for the treatment of purulent discharge in women.

Therapeutic measures

Therapeutic measures consist of several stages. If the patient applied in the early stages of the development of the pathology, then the treatment can be done at home under the supervision of the attending physician. In all other cases, women are hospitalized.

Step-by-step therapy allows you to guarantee a complete cure for inflammatory processes, as well as to avoid relapses in the future.

The first stage begins with antibiotic therapy. Taking into account the results of the tests and the type of pathogen, the patients are prescribed the following antibiotics: Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Amoxicillin.

For severe infections, cephalosporin drugs are prescribed: Cefazolin, Cefepime, Cefixam and Cefaclor.

During the fight against anaerobic infections, doctors resort to the use of Metronidazole and Ornidazole.

The second stage is characterized by the use of drugs that increase immunity. The latter is necessary to restore the body after infectious exposure and the negative effects of antibacterial drugs.

In immunomodulatory therapy, not only synthetic drugs are used, but also various herbal preparations with Rhodiola rosea, lemongrass, echinacea and ginseng tincture.

At the final stage of treatment, doctors seek to restore the normal microflora of the genital tract. For this purpose, patients are prescribed probiotics: Bifiform, Hilak, Bifidumbacterin. It is also allowed to use local medicines in the form of ointments, suppositories and douching.

Purulent discharge is one of the main problems of gynecology. They should not be ignored, because they indicate a serious illness that requires immediate treatment.

Vaginal discharge is the result of the work of glands located in the mucous membrane of the vagina. By the nature of the discharge, it is possible to assess the state of the organs of the female genital area.

Normal vaginal discharge is not considered a disease, as it is necessary for the normal functioning of the reproductive system. In the vestibule of the vagina and near the cervix, there are secretory glands that produce mucus, which is necessary to moisturize the mucous membrane and form a healthy microflora. Healthy secretions are formed in a small volume, they are transparent, odorless and are not accompanied by pain and itching. When the type of discharge changes, this indicates the presence of a pathological process in the organs of the female genital area.

Types of secretions

Depending on the amount of mucus produced, the discharge is divided into scanty, abundant and normal.

Meager is called discharge, which is not enough for the normal functioning of the vagina and external genitalia. The mucous membranes begin to dry out and crack. During sexual intercourse, friction and pain are felt. Scanty discharge is the result of hormonal changes due to age, endocrine disease, or taking hormonal drugs.

Abundant discharge is called, which leads to a constant feeling of moisture in the vagina. They are visible on underwear. Abundant discharge can be diagnosed in young women during ovulation in the middle of the menstrual cycle, they are transparent and do not have an unpleasant odor. During pregnancy, especially before childbirth, the discharge also becomes more abundant. These are healthy secretions, they should not be feared. If the consistency, volume, color or smell of secretions changes, this indicates the beginning of the pathological process.

Discharge is considered natural if it sufficiently moisturizes the vagina and does not cause anxiety. In the presence of normal discharge, additional moistening of the vagina before intercourse is not required.

The consistency of the discharge varies into watery, mucous, cheesy and foamy.

• Liquid discharge - watery and mucous - odorless and colors appear normal. Watery discharge is noted in the middle of the cycle during the period of ovulation, mucous membranes appear during intercourse and serve as a lubricant.
• Thick curdled discharge indicates the presence of a fungal infection. Doctors usually diagnose candidiasis. The secretions resemble liquid cottage cheese, they are not uniform in consistency.
• Foamy discharge indicates the presence of a bacterial infection. This is especially dangerous if they have an unpleasant odor or a pronounced color. Foamy discharge is the hallmark of trichomoniasis.

The color of the discharge distinguish between transparent (normal), white, bloody, yellow, green and brown.

• Clear discharge is normal. Usually they are invisible on underwear and on the body.
• Thick white discharge indicates the presence of candidiasis (thrush). In a healthy state, white discharge may appear before childbirth.
• Bloody and brown discharge are the most dangerous, as they signal the presence of blood in the vagina. Normally, they occur only during menstruation. When taking hormonal contraception, especially in the first months, the appearance of intermenstrual bleeding is acceptable, this is considered normal and indicates the body's adaptation to artificial hormones. In other cases, bleeding indicates the presence of a serious pathology or the onset of bleeding.
• Yellow and green discharge indicates the presence of an infectious-inflammatory process.

By smell, discharges are differentiated without smell, with a sweet smell, with a sour smell, with an unpleasant smell.

• The phrase "odorless discharge" is arbitrary, since all human discharge is characterized by some smell. In a healthy state, this smell is pleasant and barely perceptible. It is individual for each person. Since a person feels it constantly, he eventually ceases to feel it. If a woman does not smell the discharge, it can be said that the discharge is odorless.
• Discharge with a sweetish or sour smell most often speaks of thrush. Candida fungi use sugar for food, love it and settle in a sugar-rich environment.
• Discharge with an unpleasant odor is caused by a bacterial infection. They often smell like stale fish. Anaerobic bacteria give the characteristic smell of fish. The stronger the smell, the stronger the infection.

Reasons for the appearance

Intimate secretions serve as a kind of indicator of the health of the female sphere.

With natural secretions that do not cause discomfort, we can conclude that the organs of the female reproductive system are healthy. However, regular examinations by a gynecologist at the beginning of the cycle are still necessary. Many pathological processes pass without symptoms; only a gynecological examination and laboratory tests can show their presence.

The type of discharge in a healthy woman can be affected by several factors. These are stress, climate change, taking hormonal drugs, taking potent drugs, and allergic reactions. Also, the nature of the discharge can be affected by personal hygiene.

A woman should be concerned when the discharge changes in consistency, acquires a strange color or smell, and their intensity changes. Often, such discharge is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, itching, pain in the perineum, irritation of the external genital organs, and discomfort during urination.

There are some symptoms by which you can preliminarily determine the disease. Of course, an accurate diagnosis is possible only with a doctor after an examination and laboratory diagnosis, but the appearance of some can give a more or less accurate picture of the disease.

White curdled discharge with a sweetish or sour smell indicates candidiasis. Other symptoms of candidiasis are:

• burning, itching in the vagina and external genitalia;
• swelling of the vagina after intercourse;
• pain during urination and during intercourse.

Profuse yellow or foul-smelling bloody discharge may indicate bacterial vaginitis. This is an inflammation of the vagina caused by a violation of the microflora. This means that local immunity cannot restrain the growth of pathogenic bacteria, they attack the cells of the vagina, and the inflammatory process begins. Typical symptoms of bacterial vaginitis:

• redness, itching and swelling of the genital organs;
• pulling pains in the lower abdomen;
• painful intercourse;
• a slight increase in body temperature;
• weakness and fatigue;
• frequent urination.

Abundant frothy leucorrhoea with an unpleasant odor may indicate trichomoniasis. The causative agent of the disease are Trichomonas. The following symptoms are also observed:

• irritation of the genitals and inner thighs;
• erosion of the mucous membranes of the intimate zone;
• pain when urinating;
• pain in the lower abdomen;
• pain during intercourse.

Homogeneous yellow-green discharge with an unpleasant odor can be a sign of gonorrhea. This is an acute infectious disease caused by gonococcus and sexually transmitted. The symptoms of gonorrhea are:

• itching and pain in the urethra and vagina;
• increase in body temperature;
• separation of pus from the vagina;
• frequent painful urination;
• enlargement and soreness of the lymph nodes;
• weakness;
• nausea;
• loss of appetite.

Serous-purulent discharge with blood often indicates the presence of a cyst in the uterus or its appendages. Symptoms of a cyst, in addition to spotting, are:

• discomfort in the vagina;
• pain in the lower abdomen;
• pain during intercourse;
• increase in menstrual flow;
• violation of the menstrual cycle;
• painful menstruation.

Bright yellow and green discharge in copious amounts with a very unpleasant odor signal endometritis. This is an inflammation of the uterus caused by bacteria or trauma. Symptoms of endometritis:

• acute pain in the abdomen, in its lower part;
• fever with chills;
• increased heart rate;
• painful urination;
• weakness;
• an increase in the uterus caused by inflammation of the tissues;
• heavy and painful periods;
• infertility.

Brown discharge during a delay in menstruation can inform about the pathological course of pregnancy, for example, an ectopic pregnancy. You can judge the likelihood of this pathology by the following symptoms:

• lack of menstruation;
• sharp or cramping pain in the lower abdomen, usually on the side;
• toxicosis and other signs of pregnancy.

This is a very dangerous condition that requires immediate medical attention. Even if the pregnancy is uterine, but spotting is present, you should immediately consult a doctor, as this is a sign of a threatened abortion.

Which doctor should I contact for unhealthy vaginal discharge

If the discharge is unnatural in color, smell or consistency, you should visit a gynecologist. The doctor will ask about symptoms, perform a visual examination, take a vaginal swab, and make a diagnosis based on the test results. Analysis of vaginal discharge will show if there is a bacterial, viral or fungal infection, what is the degree of infection. After that, an ultrasound examination of the organs of the reproductive system is prescribed. Ultrasound will show the size of the organs of the female system, their position, the presence of neoplasms, such as cysts or tumors, and will help specify the diagnosis. In addition, the doctor prescribes a complete blood count, cytological examination and / or colposcopy.

With a cyst or tumor, an additional consultation with an oncologist will be required. If you experience heavy discharge against the background of stress, it is useful to consult a psychologist. If sexually transmitted diseases are detected, an immunologist's consultation will be required. With a long course of diseases, it is useful to contact an immunologist and assess the immune status. With abundant discharge against the background of allergies, it is recommended to consult an allergist. In children, unhealthy discharge is assessed by a pediatric gynecologist and pediatrician.

How to treat abnormal vaginal discharge

Treatment of problematic discharge should always be carried out with the participation of a doctor after a thorough diagnosis.

With a bacterial infection and inflammation against its background, antimicrobial drugs are prescribed. Antibiotics are prescribed orally and topically in the form of suppositories, creams, ointments.

For fungal infections, antifungal drugs are prescribed. It is worth remembering that thrush is a local manifestation of extensive damage to the body by a fungus, and its treatment is not limited to suppositories and creams. The bulk of the fungus is in the intestines, so the whole body as a whole, and not just the vagina, should be treated.

With a viral infection, antiviral drugs are prescribed. Viruses are dangerous organisms, and doctors have not yet learned how to effectively treat them. This is where immunity plays an important role.

When neoplasms appear, their conservative treatment or removal is possible. Here the decisive role is played by the nature of the neoplasm - benign or malignant - and the speed of its development.

In uterine pregnancy with the threat of miscarriage, the patient is sent to the hospital, the condition of the uterus, placenta, and fetus is examined. With an ectopic pregnancy, the immediate removal of the fetal egg from the woman's body is required.

In any case, when an unhealthy discharge appears, very careful hygiene is required, since many pathological discharges corrode the skin of the genitals. Sometimes the doctor prescribes baths with medicinal solutions and douching.

There are many folk methods for treating discharge. They sometimes help, but sometimes they can blur the clinical picture and make it difficult to diagnose and treat the disease. Of the folk methods, washing with decoctions of herbs is considered safe and useful. Chamomile, calendula, St. John's wort relieve inflammation, increase local immunity and soothe irritated skin. In no case should foreign objects be introduced into the vagina, as some folk recipes advise. This can harm the microflora and injure the already irritated vaginal mucosa.

How to prevent abnormal vaginal discharge

The first rule of preventing painful discharge is regular hygiene. It is necessary to wash yourself every time after visiting the toilet and in the evening before going to bed. Washing is carried out with clean warm water with special means for intimate hygiene. Ordinary soap can destroy the natural microflora and promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Hot water kills beneficial lactobacilli, while cold water can exacerbate a viral infection.

Underwear should be changed daily. Linen should let air through and absorb moisture, therefore, linen made from natural fabrics - cotton, linen is recommended. Synthetic underwear should not be worn all the time. Tight underwear and thongs irritate the skin of the genitals and reduce local immunity. Gynecologists do not advise using panty liners, as they interfere with air exchange. It's better to change your underwear more often.

The nature of the discharge is also affected by nutrition. Eating large amounts of sugary foods raises blood sugar and promotes the rapid growth of Candida.

• Date: 30-04-2019
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If there is purulent discharge in women, the reasons can be very different. This is a symptom of diseases of the genital organs. Almost every woman at least once in her life faced a similar problem. Normally, the nature of the discharge depends on the phase of the menstrual cycle. In phase 1, they are scarce, transparent or slightly whitish in color. During the release of the eggs, the whites are transparent and stretchy, and in the second half of the cycle they are thicker and often resemble jelly.

Why does pus appear?

The appearance of purulent discharge in women is always a pathology. Most often, the cause is bacterial diseases, since pus is a mixture of bacteria, white blood cells and other components. There are the following etiological factors:

• vaginitis;
• inflammation of the cervix;
• salpingoophoritis (damage to the uterine appendages);
• inflammation of the uterine mucosa;
• trichomoniasis;
• gonorrhea;
• cancer of the body of the uterus;

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Purulent discharge in women is very rarely the only symptom of the disease. Very often there are pains in the lower abdomen, general malaise, menstrual irregularities, bleeding. Dysuric phenomena are possible.

In inflammatory diseases, not only the volume of secretions changes, but also their color, as well as consistency. They are greenish or yellow in color with an unpleasant odor. Often, the discharge contains lumps or an admixture of blood. If the condition does not normalize, then it is urgent to contact a gynecologist.

Pathological manifestations in endometritis

Causes of pus in the whites include endometritis. This is an inflammation of the inner layer of the uterus (endometrium). This organ is located deep in the pelvis. Often, the muscle layer also becomes inflamed. In this case, metroendometritis develops. The development of the inflammatory process is based on damage to the mucous membrane of the organ or the penetration of infection through the vagina from the outside during sexual intercourse.

There are the following reasons for the development of this pathology:

• medical abortion;
• diagnostic curettage of the uterus;
• sounding;
• examination of the organ and fallopian tubes;
• spiral installation;
• non-compliance with douching rules.

Most often, the appearance of secretions is due to streptococcal infection, E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and other microbes. Purulent discharge indicates acute inflammation of the uterus. Leucorrhea is purulent-bloody or mucopurulent. They smell unpleasant, are combined with fever, pain in the lower abdomen, general malaise.

Postpartum endometritis is very common. It is caused by infection during or after childbirth. Inflammation occurs in almost every second woman who had a caesarean section. Other symptoms of the disease include increased heart rate and impaired urination. In the case of chronic endometritis, menstrual irregularities and pathological discharge come to the fore.

Signs of cervicitis

When purulent discharge appears in a woman, the causes may include isolated inflammation of the cervix. This disease is called cervicitis. The cervix is ​​the barrier between the vagina and the uterine lining. Inflammation in it can cause both nonspecific (cocci, E. coli, fungi) and specific microflora (gonococci, treponema, Trichomonas).

The following risk factors for this pathology are distinguished:

• artificial termination of pregnancy;
• diseases of the rectum;
• installation and removal of intrauterine devices;
• birth trauma;
• scraping.

The disease is often combined with vaginitis and inflammation of the vulva. The vast majority of patients are women aged 20 to 50 years. Cervicitis is manifested by the following symptoms:

• purulent or mucous discharge from the genital tract;
• dull pain in the lower abdomen;
• discomfort.

Cervicitis is dangerous because it can cause miscarriages and early births.

Symptoms of vaginitis

The most common cause of pus in the discharge is colpitis (vaginitis, inflammation of the vagina).

This is an infectious and inflammatory disease. The causative agent is most often opportunistic microflora. Under certain circumstances (against the background of dysbacteriosis or a decrease in immunity), uncontrolled growth of bacteria occurs, which leads to inflammation.

There are primary and secondary colpitis. Primary inflammation develops immediately in the vaginal area. In the secondary inflammatory process spreads from the vulva. There are the following risk factors for the development of vaginitis:

• non-compliance with the rules of intimate hygiene;
• endocrine disorders (diabetes, obesity);
• the presence of sexually transmitted diseases;
• abortion;
• alternating anal and vaginal sex;
• long-term antibiotic treatment;
• vaginal dysbacteriosis;
• chronic diseases of the genital organs;
• allergy to intimate hygiene products.

In girls, colpitis can develop on the background of a sore throat or scarlet fever. A risk factor for the development of vaginitis is mechanical damage to the mucosa during masturbation or sexual intercourse. Vaginitis is manifested by profuse discharge, itching, burning, swelling of the mucosa, pain during urination, and abdominal pain. Allocations are purulent in nature, but can also be mucous. Often they are determined by the admixture of blood. The discharge has a fetid odor.

Cause of genital infections

Purulent discharge in women is a symptom of gonorrhea and trichomoniasis. These are sexually transmitted diseases. The causative agent is gonococcus. Infection of women is possible with any type of sexual intercourse (traditional, anal) and even petting. Infection is possible when wearing someone else's underwear or when using towels.

The following women are at risk:

• sexually promiscuous without the use of a condom;
• commercial sex workers;
• under 25 years old;
• pregnant women;
• those who use drugs and alcohol;
• having other STIs.

Gonorrhea can affect the cervix, vagina, and rectum. Often, the appendages (fallopian tubes and ovaries) become inflamed. The acute form of gonorrhea is manifested by purulent or serous-purulent discharge, frequent and painful separation of urine, bleeding, and abdominal pain. Ulcers often form on the mucous membrane of the genital organs.

Every second woman has mild symptoms. With the spread of infection above, the temperature rises significantly and symptoms of intoxication appear. In chronic gonorrhea, purulent discharge may be the only complaint. No less common cause of pathological discharge mixed with pus is trichomoniasis.

More than 100 million new cases of the disease are diagnosed each year. Most of the patients are women. Trichomonas are active when the pH of the vagina increases. Normally, the reaction varies from 3.8 to 4.4. The optimal reaction of the medium for these microbes is 5.5-6.6. There are the following risk factors for the development of trichomoniasis:

acidity changes during and after menstruation;

• sexual contact with a sick man;
• abortions and childbirth;
• decrease in immunity.

Allocations in this disease have the following features:

• yellow or green;
• often foam;
• have a bad smell;
• plentiful.

Additional symptoms include discomfort during intercourse, burning or pain when urinating, and vaginal itching.

Therapeutic tactics for diseases

Before treating sick women, a number of studies are carried out:

microscopic examination of smears;

• Ultrasound of the uterus and appendages;
• x-ray examination;
• general blood and urine tests;
• blood chemistry;
• determination of the causative agent of the disease by PCR or ELISA;
• examination of the cervix;
• colposcopy.

If necessary, laparoscopy is performed. Treatment of sick women is determined by the underlying pathology. With bacterial colpitis, drug therapy is performed. Antibiotics, immunomodulators, suppositories are used to restore microflora. With the development of atrophic colpitis, estrogens are indicated.

Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents are used in the form of oral tablets, injection solutions, vaginal suppositories, gels and vaginal tablets. If trichomonas caused vaginitis, then Metronidazole is used. Treatment lasts 1-1.5 weeks. When acute endometritis is detected, antibiotics (cephalosporins and Metragil) are prescribed intravenously.

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Be sure to use vitamins and immunostimulants. If necessary, diagnostic curettage is performed. During the recovery period, physiotherapy is indicated. In the treatment of cervicitis, combined agents (Terzhinan) are often used. They are effective against bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Chlamydial cervicitis is an indication for the appointment of tetracyclines (Doxycycline).

In the remission phase, it is recommended to treat the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix with antiseptics. Treatment of acute inflammation of the uterine appendages is carried out in a hospital. It involves the use of antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides), heavy drinking, the introduction of infusion solutions. Thus, the appearance of purulent discharge in a woman is a reason for visiting a medical institution and examination. Self-medication can lead to complications.

The existence of whiter in women is a normal physiological phenomenon. Depending on the cyclical changes associated with the functioning of the reproductive system, their abundance and nature change. Pathology is discharge mixed with pus, having an unpleasant odor. They confirm the presence of inflammation. In addition to discomfort and pain, this condition can lead to complications during pregnancy or infertility. Self-treatment can only complicate the situation.

• greenish yellow color;
• a more liquid consistency than regular whites.

In this case, there may be pulling pains in the lower abdomen and in the back, cramps during urination, itching and redness of the vagina. Possible increase in body temperature.

Such secretions consist of mucusproduced by glands located in the epithelium of the genital organs, as well as leukocytes, white blood cells, the content of which increases sharply in any focus of inflammation.

Causes of purulent discharge

Due to the structural features of the organs of the female reproductive system, the infection easily penetrates into the uterine cavity and appendages (fallopian tubes and ovaries). Purulent discharge in women is a sign of inflammatory processes: vaginitis, cervicitis, oophoritis and others. All of them in a neglected form pose a health hazard. Scarring of tissues occurs, which can cause obstruction of the fallopian tubes, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, complications during childbirth.

Video: Why does inflammation of the vagina occur

Inflammatory diseases

The main cause of such secretions are inflammatory diseases of the internal genital organs of a woman.

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the vagina (vaginitis, colpitis)

These diseases develop for the following reasons:

• bacterial infection (streptococci, staphylococci, trichomonads, chlamydia, gonococci);
• hormonal disorders associated with endocrine diseases;
• non-compliance with hygiene rules;
• damage to the mucous membrane of the vagina;
• the use of certain drugs (antibiotics, hormonal drugs);
• weakening of the immune system.

Addition: The normal microflora of the vagina serves as a natural defense against infection. The cause of its violation may be frequent douching.

Often, inflammation of the vulva, the outer region of the genital organs (vulvovaginitis) occurs simultaneously with colpitis.

Video: Colpitis during pregnancy

Inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis)

The causative agents of nonspecific infection penetrate the cervix through the blood, lymph or from the intestines. Specific is sexually transmitted.

Inflammation can also occur due to damage to the cervical mucosa during childbirth, abortion, curettage of the uterus, and the installation of an intrauterine device. With this disease, women experience aching pains in the lower abdomen, pain is felt during urination and during intercourse, and cloudy purulent discharge appears.

Inflammation of the endometrium (endometritis)

Infection from the vagina and cervix penetrates the uterine cavity and causes inflammation of the inner lining. In addition, the cause of the disease can be birth trauma, abortion or surgery on the uterus.

In this case, there are symptoms such as purulent discharge with blood clots, high fever, pain in the sacrum, in the lower abdomen. Inflammation affects only the superficial epithelial layer, so sometimes after its complete rejection during menstruation, the symptoms disappear without treatment.

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes (salpingitis) and ovaries (oophoritis)

Most often, they occur in combination as a result of an ascending infection, and as a result of the introduction of pathogens during artificial termination of pregnancy, childbirth, and cleaning the uterus.

In addition to purulent discharge, caused by these diseases in women, there are also chills, high fever, pain on one or both sides of the lower abdomen (depending on whether the inflammatory process is unilateral or bilateral). The abundant purulent mucus has a pungent odor.

Specific infections leading to inflammatory processes

If staphylococci and other types of non-specific infections can be contracted by using bath accessories or bed linen of a sick person, then the specific one is transmitted only sexually. Such infectious diseases can proceed in a latent form for a long time, require the treatment of both sexual partners.

Gonorrhea. It is also accompanied by a copious discharge of yellow-brown pus with a pungent odor. Inflammation captures the urinary organs, uterus, cervix, appendages. Antibiotics are required to eliminate gonococci.

Video: Symptoms and treatment of gonorrhea in the Living Healthy program

Trichomoniasis. The causative agent is the vaginal bacterium Trichomonas. Purulent yellow-green intense discharge has a foamy consistency, an unpleasant odor. As a result of damage to the mucous membranes, itching and burning occur. Urination becomes painful. The disease can become chronic. The intensity of the discharge depends on the degree of spread of the infection, organ damage.

It is not easy to recover from trichomoniasis, since only special drugs act on Trichomonas. These microorganisms are protected by a shell that does not contain proteins, so antibiotics are ineffective. Metronidazole, ternidazole and other drugs of this group are capable of destroying the shell, killing bacteria.

A warning: Self-medication and uncontrolled intake of such drugs can lead to a deterioration in the condition, as they provoke the reproduction of bacteria, the transition of the disease to a latent atypical form.

Mycoplasmosis. The causative agent is mycoplasma. This infection is mainly contracted from sexual partners, but you can also get sick if you use a non-sterile gynecological instrument. There are known cases of infection in the household way (through bed linen or when using common personal hygiene items). During pregnancy, infection causes a violation of the development of the fetus, can lead to premature birth, death of the child. During childbirth, an infection in the birth canal is transmitted to the child.

Often a woman may not know that she is infected with mycoplasmosis for several years. The infection is discovered in her by chance if she goes to the doctor about infertility or miscarriages. It also infects the sexual partner.

Abundant purulent discharge occurs in a woman in the chronic stage of the disease. In addition, there are constant pulling pains in the area of ​​​​the appendages, burning and itching during the emptying of the bladder. Condoms must be used to protect against sexual transmission.

A warning: Wearing tight synthetic underwear creates favorable conditions for the reproduction of bacteria that cause inflammatory diseases.

Video: Inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs. ultrasound diagnostics

Examination methods for purulent discharge

To establish the cause of pathological leucorrhoea, first of all, a smear study is carried out to determine the nature of the vaginal microflora, the detection of bacteria, viruses and fungi that caused the inflammatory process.

Bacteriological culture allows you to establish the type of bacteria, their sensitivity to various antibiotics.

Analysis of blood, smear (by ELISA, PCR) for latent infections makes it possible to develop the most effective treatment regimen.

Colposcopy, X-ray, ultrasound of the pelvic organs are performed to detect the site of inflammation.

Treatment of inflammatory processes and genital infections

In the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genitourinary system, the following are used:

1. Antibiotics. The course of treatment is usually 10-14 days.
2. Painkillers.
3. Antifungal drugs.
4. Means for eliminating vaginal dysbacteriosis that occurs while taking antibiotics.
5. Preparations for restoring the microflora of the vagina (lactobacilli).
6. Immunomodulators to enhance the body's ability to fight infection.
7. Antimicrobial agents are used both in the form of tablets and in the form of ointments and suppositories.

Treatment of specific infectious diseases in the presence of purulent discharge in women is usually carried out strictly according to the scheme, taking into account the mechanism of action of drugs on bacteria.

Of the folk anti-inflammatory drugs, aloe juice with honey (for tampons), a decoction of oak bark (2 tablespoons per 0.5 liters of boiling water) for douching, viburnum or barberry juice (for drinking) are used.

For the normal operation of the female reproductive organs, the glands located in the epithelial tissue of the vagina produce a special lubricant. It serves as a barrier that protects the pelvic organs from infections. Normally, it should be odorless and colorless. If purulent discharge appears, then you should start to worry. Only timely treatment, which is almost always based on antibiotics, can prevent serious consequences.

Collapse

Distinctive features of purulent discharge

If pus comes out of the genitals, then this can be understood by:

• unpleasant odor;
• yellow or greenish tint;
• a lot of allocations.

It should also be noted that the natural lubricant is viscous and viscous, while pathological secretions differ in consistency, they are more liquid.

Together with all of the above, the patient may feel discomfort in the abdomen, sometimes there is pain of a pulling nature, pain during emptying of the urethra, the vagina may itch and become inflamed. In advanced cases or in an acute period, body temperature rises.

In the photo you can see pathological discharge from the female genital tract.

Causes and treatment

The main causes of pathology are diseases from the field of venereology, and hormonal failure also has a significant effect. If specific discharges are detected in time, then it will not be difficult to get rid of them. In severe cases, a woman's treatment can take more than a month.

If you go deeper, then purulent discharge in women appears due to the presence of:

• vulvitis;
• endometritis;
• cervicitis;
• vaginitis;
• inflammation of the ovaries and fallopian tubes;
• inflammation after surgery;
• anomalies in the structure of the genital organs;
• vaginal cancer;
• inflammation of the urethra;
• hormonal imbalance (with menopause, after delivery);
• sexually transmitted diseases.

Let's consider each case separately.

Vulvitis

Vulvitis is a pathology that develops on the mucous membranes of the external genital organs (on the labia and clitoris). The reasons for the appearance include:

• weakened immunity;
• excessive drinking;
• insufficient hygiene of the genitals;
• rare change of pads during menstruation;
• a tendency to obesity (due to folds, diaper rash appears, which contribute to the appearance of pathogenic microflora);
• injuries of the genital organs;
• squeezing and synthetic underwear;
• the presence of psoriasis or eczema in the genital area;
• allergic to soap or intimate hygiene gel.

Vulvitis can also occur with hormonal disruptions (during pregnancy, after childbirth, during menopause), in diabetics, after long-term use of any antibiotic.

To get rid of the disease and purulent discharge, you need an integrated approach. Self-treatment is prohibited. Usually gynecologists prescribe the simultaneous use of ointments, antibiotics, suppositories and antiseptics. It is imperative to strengthen the immune system. For this, vitamin complexes are drunk, nutrition is being established. Immunal, echinacea or Viferon are often prescribed - these drugs strengthen the immune system.

Candles are written out in the form:

1. Terzhinan;
2. Polijax;
3. Betadine;
4. Hexicon;
5. Ginalgin.

The course is prescribed by a doctor on an individual basis. It usually lasts 7 to 10 days. 1 suppository or vaginal tablet is inserted into the vagina at night.

Of the popular creams that are applied to the affected areas, Liniment, Triderm, Lactagel are prescribed. They eliminate itching, restore mucous membranes, stop inflammation in a woman. It should be used twice a day for 10 days. Apply in a thin layer.

Good help Miramistin. It is advisable to make compresses, baths, rubbing from it. In addition, you can use manganese diluted in water and decoctions of medicinal herbs (chamomile, sage, oak bark, etc.).

If the disease is acute, then antibiotics are needed. Augmentin is often prescribed three times a day for 1-2 weeks.

Endometritis and purulent discharge

This inflames the inner mucous layer of the uterus. It may appear after abortions, miscarriages, childbirth, artificial childbirth and due to the penetration of various fungi and viruses into the genitals.

Acute pathology is treated with antibiotic therapy, in the form of taking Ampicillin, Lincomycin, Gentamicin, Amoxicillin, etc. Sometimes several antibiotics are combined. Addition to this is the use of Metronidazole. In addition, you need to use multivitamins, immunomodulators, probiotics and antifungal drugs.

Chronic endometritis is eliminated by antimicrobial and immunomodulating agents and physiotherapy. Antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action (Doxycycline) are appropriate. Sometimes hormonal and metabolic therapy is needed.

From physiotherapy, electrophoresis, UHF, ultrasound and magnetotherapy give a good result. Treatment lasts 1-2 weeks. After the full course, all symptoms will go away, including pus.

cervicitis

It is an inflammatory process that occurs in the cervix. The pathogen penetrates through contact or sexual contact.

Antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat the disease. Depending on the pathogen, the medicine will also be determined. This may be Doxycycline, Oflokacin, Fluconazole or Erythromycin. When the acute period has passed. Then the area of ​​​​the vagina and neck is treated with a chlorophyllipt or dimethyl sulfoxide solution.

If cervicitis is viral, then antiviral agents are needed (for example, Acyclovir). With herpes - immunostimulants and vitamin complexes. Chronic cervicitis is treated with radical methods. To do this, they resort to cryotherapy, diathermocoagulation, laser therapy.

Vaginitis

With vaginitis, the lining of the vagina becomes inflamed. This can occur due to hormonal disruptions, antibiotics, poor-quality linen, poor hygiene, etc.

Therapy is needed local and general. Get rid of purulent discharge:

1. Baths of chamomile decoction for 15 minutes. This will eliminate itching and remove inflammation.
2. Soda, manganese douches, 1 time per day. In advanced cases, with purulent discharge, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate are used. A decoction of oak bark, chamomile will also help.
3. Antibiotics in the form of a solution or emulsion (selected by a doctor after determining the pathogen).

Of the most used drugs, it is worth highlighting Thiamphenicone (drinking for 2 days), Kanamycin (in the form of an injection 1 time), Sulfomethoxazole (10 tablets per day, for -3 days), Quintol (1 time as an injection), etc. .

Pregnant women can use Metronidazole, but only at the end of the second and third trimester.

Inflammatory processes in the fallopian tubes, ovaries

The main treatment is antibiotics. Suitable antibiotics in the form of Cefalexin, Erythromycin, Metronidazole, Ampicillin. The doctor selects the dose and duration of treatment, depending on the severity of the inflammatory process.

After antibiotic therapy, thrush may appear. For prophylactic purposes, Fluconazole is prescribed.

It is important to take vitamins, proper nutrition and healthy sleep. Purulent discharge after treatment will no longer bother a woman.

Defects and purulent discharge

If the appearance of pus is associated with an abnormal structure of the organs, then surgical intervention will be required. After an ultrasound and passing certain tests, the doctor will determine the essence of the deviation.

Vaginal cancer and pus

Purulent discharge with such a pathology is present in large quantities.

If the cancer is non-invasive, electroexcision, vaginectomy, and hysterectomy are performed. No less effective is cryodestruction and acid laser therapy. Locally put applications with fluorouracil. If this does not work, then radiation exposure is done.

Invasive cancer is treated with radiotherapy, endovaginal and interstitial irradiation. Sometimes it is indicated to remove part of the vagina with the uterus and appendages.

Inflammation of the urethra (purulent urethritis)

With inflammation of the walls of the urethra, antibiotic therapy is also in the first place. Pus is usually released in the most advanced cases. If there are secretions from the genital tract that look like yellow-green mucus with a smell, then baths and compresses are needed. Washing the urethra with a furacillin solution should be carried out by a doctor in a hospital.

Of the antibiotics, Metronidazole, Lincomycin, Azithromycin, Doxycycline are suitable. Treatment lasts 1-2 weeks. During this period, salty and spicy foods should be avoided.

Hormonal imbalance

During menopause, women suffer from the fact that the epithelium no longer produces the right amount of lubrication, and this contributes to the penetration of infection into the reproductive organs. As a result, an inflammatory process may develop in the uterus or ovaries, which is the cause of pus.

After delivery, a woman also has a hormonal imbalance. During the week there are discharges with blood - this is the norm. But, if after 7 days mucus with pus is noticeable on the linen, it means that the condition has worsened, or rather, an infectious complication has joined. At the same time, the body temperature begins to rise, the lower abdomen hurts. Action must be taken immediately.

To get rid of discomfort and infections, you must first find out the cause of the pathology. Treatment is prescribed by the doctor after receiving the results of the tests. Usually the basis of treatment is antibacterial drugs, baths, douching and the use of anti-inflammatory ointments.

Sexually transmitted diseases

STD therapy - antibiotics and local procedures.

1. With gonorrhea, Cefixime or Ciprofloxacin tablets are prescribed. One time admission.
2. If chlamydia is diagnosed - Doxycycline for a week, 1 tablet.
3. With soft chancre - Azithromycin or Erythromycin is used once for 7 days.
4. Ureaplasmosis is eliminated by Azithromycin (single dose) or Doxycycline within a week.
5. With herpes infection - Valtrex or Acyclovir. Best administered intravenously.
6. With genital warts, a laser, electrocoagulation or cryodestruction is used.

Consequences and complications of purulent discharge

If the pathological condition that led to the occurrence of purulent discharge from the genital organs is not treated, then the woman risks getting numerous complications. This can be both a degeneration into malignant tumors, and the development of infertility. In addition, the condition will worsen every day. If initially there is only a slight discharge of non-linen, then in the future it will appear:

• soreness of the abdomen;
• weakness;
• increased body temperature;
• pain and discomfort in the external genitalia, etc.

To get rid of the disease and not provoke irreversible consequences, you should seek help from a specialist at the first deviations.

Conclusion

Purulent discharge on underwear in a female is a sign that there are pathological changes in the pelvic organs. The reason may be various factors. Only a doctor can determine it after a complete examination.

Only a qualified specialist should deal with the treatment of the disease. Self-medication is fraught with serious complications.