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Help with an allergic reaction. What to do if an allergy is taken by surprise? Urgent help for allergies

Help with allergies begins with the identification of symptoms. It is necessary to distinguish between mild and severe manifestations of allergic reactions. So, with a mild manifestation, it is enough to take an antihistamine and schedule a visit to an immunologist. In severe cases, emergency medical attention is required for allergies, as anaphylactic shock caused by such a reaction can be fatal.

  • First of all, if an allergic reaction occurs, any contact of the patient with the allergen should be eliminated. If, for example, an allergy is caused by a medicine, cancel it; if it is caused by plant pollen, remove the patient from the center of flowering. In the case when the allergen is a food product, rinse the stomach. In other cases, gastric lavage is a useless procedure, since allergies are not poisoning.

  • But it is recommended to drink plenty of water - water, tea, alkaline mineral water.

  • With a skin allergic reaction, hormonal ointments are used, as well as lotions from green tea, infusion of peppermint or lemon balm. Never try to soothe irritated skin with alcohol or diluted vinegar. When an insect bites, discomfort can be removed by an ice pack on the bite area.

  • Before the arrival of the ambulance or a visit to the doctor, you can take Diphenhydramine, Suprastin, Tavegil or another antihistamine in the required dosage, and after half an hour, when the medicine begins to act, a sorbent (for example, activated charcoal) will help remove from the digestive tract substances that could provoke an allergic reaction.

Emergency help for allergies in anaphylactic shock

A serious threat to the life and health of the patient is anaphylaxis - a severe and rapid form of an allergic reaction. Its main symptoms are itching, chills, swelling of the face, body and mucous membranes of the mouth and nose, fever, vomiting, rash, puffiness of the face. The development of symptoms can cause respiratory failure and cessation, convulsions, low blood pressure, which, in turn, can lead to death. In case of any manifestations of a severe allergic reaction, emergency assistance should be called. But what to do if the patient is getting worse, and the doctors have not yet arrived? You will have to help with allergies yourself.

  • As in any other case of an allergic reaction, you first need to find out what caused anaphylaxis and eliminate the allergen.

  • If you cannot find the culprit, you need to isolate the patient as much as possible from all possible allergens, ventilate the room, undress the patient or change clothes, provide fresh air, put him to bed and warm him with hot tea.

  • If the reaction occurred after the introduction or taking of medicine or food, then induce vomiting, rinse the stomach, make an enema to the patient.

  • In parallel with all these procedures, call an ambulance and wait for the doctor to arrive.

  • Be prepared for the fact that anaphylaxis can cause respiratory or cardiac arrest, so the patient may need artificial respiration or chest compressions.

Help with allergies involves eliminating the possible culprits of the reaction and contacting a doctor - regardless of the severity of the allergic reaction. Remember that the reaction can also be expressed in a delayed form, in which the symptoms do not appear immediately, but over time they can develop into a severe reaction.

Allergy is an increased reaction of the immune system that occurs in response to the introduction of antigens of various substances. The main route of their distribution is the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx, eyes, as well as penetration into the body through the skin. It depends on him what to do with allergies, how to treat it. Other routes are possible, such as oral, intravenous or intramuscular. When it enters the bloodstream, successive responses occur:

  • antigen detection by immune cells;
  • the accumulation of lymphocytes in the lesion, their number in the blood of an allergic person increases significantly;
  • release of inflammatory mediators that lead to swelling, irritation, redness or induration (the skin may develop a rash, redness, etc.);
  • when the antigen ceases to act, the negative reaction gradually decreases, the inflammation stops.

The most dangerous sudden allergic reaction. It spreads to extensive tissues and can even become a threat to the life of the patient. This type of reaction includes anaphylactic shock and. A person's well-being is deteriorating sharply, so he needs first aid for allergies by a qualified specialist.

If the antigen is constantly exposed, the negative reaction of the immune system persists for a long time. For example, if a person has a reaction to household, over time he may develop chronic, bronchial asthma.

With a short-term action of the antigen, the reaction occurs only 1 time. But it can be so strong that it can cause a threat to human life. What to do with severe allergies - anyone should know to avoid complications.

  • , birds;
  • household, allocated by domestic bugs;
  • plants by ( , field varieties);
  • fallen leaves;
  • chemical additives in products (toothpaste, decorative cosmetics);
  • things.

Clinical manifestations for adults and children may differ. This is due to the activity of the immune system. The main symptoms include:

  • - inflammation of the nasal passages, accompanied by the release of mucous contents;
  • sinusitis - inflammation of the sinuses;
  • - inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye, accompanied by redness, photophobia, tearing, pain;
  • skin reactions - redness, inflammation, rash, swelling, induration, irritation, etc.;
  • mucosal reaction - swelling, rash, irritation, redness;
  • serious reactions that threaten health, for example, laryngeal edema, shock, vascular collapse;
  • increase or decrease in blood pressure;
  • convulsions, muscle spasms;
  • dyspeptic disorders - constipation, diarrhea, nausea, bloating, vomiting, epigastric pain.

In adults and children, the response to the pathogen differs in the degree of manifestation. That is, the symptoms are similar, but develop at different rates.

In an adult

The immune system of an adult is fully developed. It functions well if there are no immunodeficiencies and other diseases. Therefore, the reaction in response to the introduction of the antigen is complete. Often there is a sudden rash on an adult. It appears from the action of bright, use and liquids, the use of funds.

The immune response can be confused with diseases. They do not self-medicate. The allergist will prescribe laboratory tests, tell you how to recognize an allergy in an adult.

Most often, adults are characterized by development, reactions to the mucous membranes, skin manifestations in the form. First aid for allergies at home in an adult depends on the state of health, signs of pathology.

Can an adult develop an allergy if it was not there? This is quite possible. A negative reaction occurs unexpectedly upon initial contact with. According to statistics, about 50% of cases of allergies in adulthood occur after 40 years. Allergological disease is most susceptible to the fair sex. However, it is worth noting that such a reaction of the body can also be a “forgotten” manifestation from childhood.

Features of the development of an allergic reaction in a child

In children, the presence of the condition is due to heredity. The body is able to produce antibodies in large quantities. Most often, a child develops eczema or erythema. These are serious symptoms, it is quite difficult to eliminate these diseases at home. In second place - and.

If the disease has developed in a child in the first months of life, the cause of the allergy in this case may be the breast milk of the mother, who consumes prohibited under guards. Also, a negative reaction in infants can also occur on artificial nutrition. The following characteristic features appear:

  • frequent regurgitation, vomiting;
  • liquid stool;
  • bloating, colic.

There is a small risk of anaphylactic reaction in an infant in the absence of emergency care for allergic reactions. For example, when transferring children with allergies to artificial nutrition.

The older the child gets, the less the symptom manifests. With age, it can completely disappear. By the age of 5, the immune response to plants is more common. There are clinical forms of hay fever:

  • bronchitis by the type of asthma;
  • typical picture of bronchial asthma.

The clinic manifests itself in a certain season of the year (see ““).

In children, the immune response to action is unpredictable. First aid for allergies in a child should always be accompanied by a visit to a doctor. The specialist will tell you what to do with an allergic reaction.

Allergy manifestations

There are various forms in which an inadequate immune response appears.

  1. Quincke. The patient swells the skin and tissues under it, the mucous membrane. Symptoms appear on the eyelids. Such a condition is very dangerous, and without timely qualified medical care, the patient may experience suffocation.
  2. . The patient has a clear discharge from the nasal mucosa. There are frequent, in the nose, congestion.
  3. . The conjunctiva of the eye becomes inflamed and swollen. There is redness, pain, photophobia.
  4. Dermatoses. There is dermatitis, eczema, erythema. They are characterized by swelling, redness, inflammation, pain.
  5. . This is an acute allergic reaction, accompanied by the skin.

Not every person knows whether an allergy can appear suddenly. Pathology can proceed according to 2 types of reactions:

  • hypersensitivity immediate type - develops in a few seconds or minutes, the peak of the symptom appears after 30 minutes (the most dangerous conditions are anaphylactic shock, );
  • hypersensitivity delayed type - the immune response occurs a few hours after contact with (, dermatitis, transplant rejection).

The doctor classifies reactions in order to make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment. Each patient can turn to him, saying: “I have an allergy! What to do?".

Common symptoms for which you need to urgently call an ambulance

In many cases, hypersensitivity is not terrible. A person takes the remedy, the symptoms disappear completely or partially. But with reactions of an immediate type, a possible threat to the life and health of the patient. If the following symptoms appear, immediately contact an ambulance for allergies:

  • severe edema, larynx;
  • loss of consciousness;
  • suffocation, accompanied by a lack of respiratory function;
  • appearance all over;
  • the appearance of seizures, convulsions;
  • signs of bronchial asthma that arose for the first time (in the absence of medication).

Less serious cases are possible. But if a person cannot cope with them on his own, does not know what to do with allergies, it is necessary to call an ambulance.

The basics of first aid for allergies at home

First aid for allergies should begin with the provision of medical manipulations at home before the doctor arrives. If a person is aware of the presence of an inadequate response of the immune system, he should always have medicines for first aid for allergies at home with him.

Elimination of the pathogenic effect of the allergen

To eliminate the gradual deterioration of well-being, first aid for allergies at home should begin with the elimination of the potential effect. For example, they remove from the patient or close the windows so that they don’t get. In the event that the symptom arose due to, it should be completely excluded from your diet.

Desensitization of the body (removal of symptoms)

Thanks to emergency care for acute allergic reactions, it is impossible to completely eliminate the disease, therefore, before contacting a medical institution, the task arises - to try to remove or at least reduce the main symptoms of an allergic manifestation. After eliminating contact with the allergen, treatment is continued with the use of antihistamine drugs (see in more detail ""), as well as sorbents (Polysorb, Enterosgel, Smekta, etc.). First aid for severe forms of allergies is reduced to the use of antihistamine medication.

What to do about skin allergies? It is recommended to cool the affected area to reduce irritation, swelling.

The exception is an attack of suffocation. In this case, one cannot do without the help of doctors, therefore it is necessary to deliver the patient to a medical facility as soon as possible.

What is strictly forbidden to do in case of a sudden occurrence of an allergic reaction

First aid for an allergic reaction should be carried out in accordance with all the rules. If a person does not know what to do with an allergy, it is better not to resort to treatment, but to wait for a specialist. There is a list of the most common mistakes that should not be made, especially during first aid for acute allergic reactions:

  • use of an expired drug;
  • the introduction of drugs intravenously or intramuscularly not according to the rules (non-sterile conditions, secondary use of a syringe);
  • independent laryngectomy with suffocation by an inexperienced person;
  • the use of foreign drugs, such as painkillers, which can enhance the immune response;
  • lack of access to a specialist, especially in cases of acute allergic reactions.

If a person is aware of an increased response of the immune system, he should always carry medicine with him so that he can be given first aid for allergies. First aid for acute allergic reactions should be carried out only under the supervision of a specialist.

First aid for allergies at home will avoid serious consequences. The human body reacts differently to negative agents (allergens). Emergency care is needed for allergies of various types - respiratory, skin. Anaphylactic shock and Quincke's edema may develop. In such cases, after providing first aid, call an ambulance. However, it is important to navigate the symptoms, which will allow you to recognize a dangerous condition.

The penetration of negative agents into the body does not always require emergency assistance. It is imperative to stop the allergy, but in each case, it should be done differently. A mild form of a negative reaction of the body is characterized by such manifestations:

  • rhinitis;
  • allergic conjunctivitis;
  • hives.

In the first case, the patient develops a runny nose. This is a pathological condition of a chronic nature, which is not cured until the allergen is removed. Allergic rhinitis affects exclusively the mucous membranes of the sinuses. It does not spread to other parts of the body. The stronger the exposure to the allergen, the more pronounced the symptoms will be. Lachrymation may be added to rhinitis.

With allergic conjunctivitis, the organs of vision are affected. An inflammatory process develops, puffiness appears, the sclera turn red, pus is released in the corners of the eyes.

Allergic conjunctivitis cannot be cured by the traditional method, since it is important to exclude a negative agent.

The disease of the organs of vision develops much less frequently than rhinitis.

Mild urticaria is not dangerous. It is accompanied by a rash that appears on some parts of the body. This is a common type of allergy to medicines, food, household chemicals. If the concentration of the allergen in the body is not reduced, the urticaria will spread throughout the body. With an allergic reaction of this type, a rash and itching appear. The shape of the spots usually resembles nettle marks.

Manifestations of severe allergies

The danger of such conditions lies in the fact that the body's negative reaction to a third-party agent develops very quickly. Severe allergies manifest themselves in different ways:

  • angioedema;
  • anaphylactic shock;
  • generalized urticaria.

In the first case, the work of the respiratory system is disrupted, while there is swelling that makes breathing difficult.

The risk of death in this case is extremely high.

Anaphylactic shock can develop with severe allergies. This condition is accompanied by a deterioration in the functioning of a number of body systems: blood circulation is disturbed and the work of the respiratory organs is difficult, the level of pressure changes, etc. Generalized urticaria affects the entire body. It is manifested by a rash, sometimes the size of the spots is very large. If a severe allergic reaction has developed in the form of urticaria, it is usually accompanied by an acute intoxication syndrome.

Mild Allergy Symptoms, First Aid

In order not to get confused when there are signs of a negative reaction of the body to the penetration of a third-party agent, you need to get an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bhow this or that form of allergy manifests itself. Mild degree (rhinitis, conjunctivitis, urticaria, dermatitis) is usually characterized by a number of symptoms:

  • mild rash;
  • pimples and spots occur in certain areas, without spreading to the whole body;
  • with conjunctivitis and rhinitis, lacrimation often occurs;
  • slight swelling may appear;
  • rhinitis is characterized by sneezing and nasal congestion;
  • if bitten by an insect, a red bump or blister will appear on the skin.
  1. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the negative agent, after which the allergy attack will gradually pass.
  2. If rhinitis or conjunctivitis has developed, the affected area is additionally washed with water, which will remove part of the allergen from the skin and mucous membranes.
  3. After an insect bite, a sting may remain, which must be removed, and the contact site should be treated with alcohol. After that, apply a cold compress, which will help relieve swelling and reduce the intensity of itching.
  4. With a mild form of dermatitis, as a rule, it is enough to eliminate the allergen, and soon the redness will pass. With allergies in a child, you can treat the affected area with an ointment with antipruritic and anti-inflammatory properties. This will avoid scratching, as children cannot yet tolerate itching. Often use Bepanten, Fenistil.
  5. If the allergy appeared immediately after the penetration of a third-party agent into the body, it is important to take an antihistamine. The drug of this group will not allow allergens to spread. In addition, it relieves the symptoms that have appeared. These drugs include Loratadine (the drug does not help immediately, as it is characterized by a cumulative effect). Suprastin is another representative of the group of antihistamine drugs, which is characterized by a number of serious side effects, but acts quickly.

Usually, mild forms of allergy to drugs and other negative agents do not require emergency measures. However, in some cases, for example, if the allergy continues to develop, it is necessary to consult a doctor who will prescribe a treatment regimen.

Signs of severe allergies, first aid

In order not to miss the moment when the condition of the victim worsens significantly, you need to know when to call an ambulance. Dangerous symptoms:

  • labored breathing;
  • dyspnea;
  • intense vomiting, constant feeling of nausea;
  • severe pain in the abdomen;
  • impaired speech, which can be caused by swelling;
  • extensive redness and rash on the body;
  • dizziness, general weakness;
  • severe swelling, which is especially dangerous if it develops in several parts of the body;
  • arrhythmia;
  • loss of consciousness.

Each of the severe forms of allergy to drugs and other negative factors is characterized by specific symptoms.

Very often, with a severe form of allergies, vomiting is observed.

So, if Quincke's edema develops, the following symptoms can be noticed:

  • violation of the respiratory system (hoarseness, cough, shortness of breath, asphyxia may occur);
  • severe swelling;
  • epileptic seizure, which can be caused by respiratory failure.

This form of an allergic reaction develops in children and adults, the reason is swelling of the mucous membranes, subcutaneous tissue. In this case, it is urgent to call an ambulance, as the person may die. It is possible to alleviate his condition at home. You need to act sequentially:

  1. If an allergy suddenly began, you can relieve an asthma attack by eliminating the negative agent that provoked this condition.
  2. At the same time, an antihistamine is used: orally (Loratadine, Cetirizine), if the edema has not developed too much and the patient is able to swallow the pill; intramuscularly (Suprastin, Diphenhydramine), if you remove the attack in other ways, it is not possible, and the negative reaction is rapidly developing.
  3. It is not recommended to eat food, as eating in the oral cavity with developing edema can provoke suffocation.
  4. If an allergy starts abruptly, you need to know how to remove the strongest intoxication. In a hospital, they put a dropper, but at home, you can speed up the process of removing toxins through sorbents. The patient needs to take Enterosgel, Smecta, Polysorb. The last 2 remedies mentioned above are characterized by the greatest efficiency.

Urticaria symptoms, first aid

The main signs: a rash on the body, resembling traces of nettles, sometimes there are tubercles (bumps), blisters. Along with this, there is severe itching. In some cases, the temperature rises. With a mild form of an allergic reaction, the spots gradually disappear on their own, but if a generalized urticaria develops, the symptoms will not go away on their own, the intensity of these manifestations will increase.

In the case when the number of negative agents in the body is quite large, signs of allergy can persist for several months. Take emergency measures that relieve symptoms partially or completely. First aid for an allergic reaction that manifests itself in the form of urticaria:

  1. Eliminate the allergen. Considering that urticaria often develops as a result of taking inappropriate medications, drug therapy should be discontinued. In case of exposure to a chemical on the body, it is necessary to leave the place where contact with the negative agent occurred.
  2. Severe forms of urticaria must be accompanied by the intake of sorbents.
  3. Additionally, an enema is made, the stomach is washed. It is advisable to perform these actions if the allergen has entered the body through the digestive system: a product, a drug.
  4. Symptoms are relieved with antihistamines.

A quick effect of treatment can be ensured if the patient is given a dropper in the inpatient department of the hospital.

In this case, toxins will immediately begin to leave the body.

Symptoms of anaphylactic shock, first aid

This state develops instantly. The causes are usually food, insect poison, drugs.

You can recognize anaphylactic shock by the following signs:

  • swelling in the area of ​​​​the organs of vision, oral cavity, respiratory tract;
  • external allergy symptoms: rash, itching;
  • in some cases, severe vomiting appears, nausea is felt;
  • the patient feels causeless fear;
  • a taste of metal appears in the mouth;
  • weakness, fainting on the background of hypotension.

If such a form of allergy has developed, what to do about it? Basic rules that allow in especially severe cases to save the life of a child or an adult:

  1. If it is known which allergen has entered the body, it must be eliminated.
  2. In the case when a negative agent has entered the digestive system, you need to rinse the stomach, make an enema.
  3. It is necessary to remove signs of intoxication using sorbents.
  4. In direct contact with the allergen, the skin is treated with hydrocortisone or prednisolone. In this case, drugs in the form of an ointment are used.
  5. If there is intense vomiting, the person must be laid on one side. In this case, it is important to exclude the possibility of swallowing the tongue or getting vomit into the respiratory tract.
  6. In the case when anaphylactic shock was provoked by an insect bite, the sting must be removed if it is still in the body. Then a tourniquet is applied above the bite site. This measure will prevent the spread of the allergen.
  7. A dose of Adrenaline, Norepinephrine or Mezaton is administered.
  8. In anaphylactic shock, prednisolone and glucose are indicated. Substances are administered intravenously.
  9. When blood pressure returns to normal, antihistamines can be given. They are recommended to be administered intramuscularly or intravenously.

Rash symptoms and first aid

A severe form of allergy can also develop with contact dermatitis, eczema. This happens for two reasons: when the body is hypersensitive to the effects of a third-party agent of a certain type; if a person has been in contact with an allergen for a long period. Symptoms of this condition:

  • an inflammatory process develops, covering the skin;
  • extensive lesions appear: spots, rash, crusts;
  • the skin can peel off, severe dryness occurs;
  • spots and pimples gradually transform into blisters;
  • in the presence of severe itching, a violation of the integrity of the rash occurs, which leads to the formation of abscesses if a secondary infection joins;
  • often the blisters burst themselves as they grow, then a large number of weeping wounds appear on the body.

If you are interested in the question of how to stop the development of this pathological process, you need to remember the rules for performing first aid:

  1. Eliminate the allergen.
  2. It is necessary to treat the affected areas with drugs with antipruritic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic properties. Therapy for such an allergy should be aimed at alleviating the patient's condition: it is important to remove the acute manifestations of the inflammatory process that develops on the skin.
  3. Lesions should not be washed with water.
  4. If compresses are made, it is permissible to use natural fabrics, since it is important to provide air access to the affected areas of the skin.
  5. Take antihistamines orally. You can use drugs of local action, which, along with other properties, eliminate signs of allergies.

First aid for other forms of allergies

Symptoms of a negative reaction to exposure to sunlight: a rash (spots, pimples, blisters), extensive reddening of areas of the outer integument that were exposed to ultraviolet light, rough lesions appear. Most often, an allergy in this form manifests itself in the form of eczema. In this case, you need to remove the allergen - take the person out of the sun, go to a shaded place. The patient's clothing should be loose, which will avoid additional skin irritation.

In case of loss of consciousness, a person must be brought to his senses. It is necessary to give more liquid. If the body temperature rises, you can use antipyretics, make cold compresses, applying them to the groin and lower leg, to the forehead. In severe forms of allergies, ointments containing corticosteroids are used. If the allergy proceeds without complications, it is better to use non-steroidal drugs: Fenistil, Desitin, Panthenol and the like. It is important to know that in this case we will talk about photodermatosis (allergy to sunlight). In this condition, antihistamines are also indicated.

Allergy is an insidious disease that can manifest itself at any time. Therefore, allergy sufferers themselves, their loved ones always try to be on the alert, keep a supply of emergency medicines in the first-aid kit at home. But if it were possible to foresee all possible situations! It often happens that next to a person who has developed any dangerous allergic symptom, there are completely unprepared people. But in time and correctly provided first aid for allergies can save a person's life.

Symptoms of an allergy, in which it is necessary to call an ambulance or immediately contact a medical institution:

  • - respiratory failure, shortness of breath;
  • - spasms in the throat, a feeling of closing the airways;
  • - nausea and vomiting;
  • - stomach ache;
  • - hoarseness, speech problems;
  • - swelling, redness, itching of large areas of the body;
  • - increased heart rate and strong heartbeat;
  • - loss of consciousness.

Allergy symptoms can be mild or severe. With manifestations of a mild form of allergy - allergic conjunctivitis, rhinitis or limited urticaria, the patient and his relatives can quite cope on their own.

Symptoms of a mild form of an allergic reaction:

  • - slight itching on the skin in the area of ​​​​contact with the allergen;
  • - lacrimation and slight itching in the eye area;
  • - unexpressed redness of a limited area of ​​​​the skin;
  • - slight swelling or swelling;
  • - runny nose, nasal congestion;
  • - constant sneezing;
  • - weakness, severe dizziness, feeling of anxiety;
  • - sore throat, coughing;
  • - the appearance of blisters in the area of ​​​​an insect bite.

How to deal with mild
form of allergy?

1. Thoroughly rinse with warm water the contact area with the allergen - nose, mouth, skin.

2. Avoid further contact with the allergen.

3. If an allergic reaction has developed to an insect bite and a sting remains in the bite area, then it must be carefully removed.

4. Apply a cool compress, ice on the itchy area of ​​the body.

5. Take an antihistamine.

6. If within 2-3 hours the person's condition worsens, call an ambulance or go to the hospital.

Severe allergic reactions include:

  • angioedema- spasm of the respiratory muscles and an asthma attack, a fairly common form of an allergic reaction, more often occurs in young women;
  • anaphylactic shock- a sharp decrease in blood pressure, impaired microcirculation of blood in the organs, may develop after Quincke's edema;
  • generalized urticaria, eczema- signs of the development of the syndrome of intoxication of the body.

There are other, more rare, allergic reactions, such as Lyell's syndrome - the most severe variant of allergic bullous dermatitis, most often a reaction to drugs.

Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction:

    1.Quincke's edema: respiratory disorders, hoarseness, cough, epileptic seizure, asphyxia (suffocation), swelling of the skin and mucous membranes. If medical assistance is not provided in time, a person may die from suffocation.

    2.Anaphylactic shock: symptoms depend on the severity of the allergic reaction, it may be a red rash, accompanied by severe itching; swelling in the eyes, lips and extremities; narrowing, swelling and spasms of the airways; sensation of a lump in the throat, nausea and vomiting; metallic taste in the mouth; fear, anxiety; a sharp decrease in blood pressure, accompanied by dizziness, weakness and loss of consciousness.

    3.Hives: bright pink blisters, severe burning and itching where the blisters appeared, headache, fever; symptoms may be constant or fluctuate over several days/months.

    4.Eczema/severe rash: inflammation of the upper layers of the skin, constant severe itching. A severe rash can manifest itself in the form of atopic dermatitis with bright reddening of certain areas of the skin and severe swelling of the tissues.

How to deal with severe allergies
before the arrival of the doctors?

Quincke's edema: treatment should not be delayed in any case, as this condition may precede anaphylactic shock.

  • - stop the intake of the allergen into the body;
  • - refusal to eat;
  • - the introduction of antihistamines;
  • - You can give a person sorbents, make a cleansing enema.

  • Anaphylactic shock:
  • - it is necessary to stop the access of the allergen;
  • - lay the person in such a way as to prevent the tongue from falling and swallowing vomit;
  • - if possible - rinse the stomach, make a cleansing enema;
  • - apply a tourniquet above the insect bite;
  • - give activated charcoal.
  • With the development of severe allergic reactions, it is impossible
  • - leave a person alone;
  • - put any objects under the head, as this can lead to increased respiratory failure;
  • - give antipyretic drugs in febrile conditions.

First aid for allergies is a set of mandatory measures aimed at saving a patient suffering from a severe allergic reaction. The ability to provide first aid for this disease can save a person's life. Do not underestimate allergies, because often its symptoms can be very life-threatening.

Doctors distinguish the two most dangerous allergic reactions that can lead to very sad consequences, such as anaphylactic shock and Quincke's edema. These pathological conditions occur after a person interacts with any allergen. Most often, drugs, food and substances that are released by insects after a bite act as an allergen.

First of all, the interaction of a person with an allergen, which caused the development of unpleasant symptoms, should be eliminated. So, for example, if a food product is the cause of an allergy, then its use should be discarded. You can alleviate poor health with the help of gastric lavage. If unpleasant symptoms appear as a reaction to a drug prescribed by a doctor, then it is necessary to stop taking it. In the near future, you should go for a consultation with a doctor and, if necessary, ask him to prescribe another medication. If a bee or wasp has bitten, then first of all you should get rid of the sting.

If the allergy is mild, then unpleasant symptoms can be eliminated with the help of antihistamines. Suprastin, Diphenhydramine and Tavegil are very popular. After 30 minutes, when the medicine begins to act, you can take activated charcoal, which will help remove substances that provoke an allergy attack from the body. A large amount of liquid will help to alleviate the condition. You should drink as much plain water, alkaline mineral water or tea as possible.

If unpleasant symptoms arose after an insect bite, then you can use an ice pack, which should be placed on the affected area. The thing is that the cold slows down the immune response. With a skin allergic reaction, doctors recommend using hormonal ointments that can quickly soothe irritation. An important rule: it is strictly forbidden to try to soothe irritation with diluted vinegar or alcohol, as this will only aggravate the situation.

If the patient feels unwell, then he should be laid on a flat surface. This will ensure normal blood flow to the brain. Be sure to open all the windows so that fresh air enters the room. You also need to make sure that nothing is pressing on the victim's neck area. With difficulty in nasal breathing, any vasoconstrictor drops must be introduced into the nose of an allergic person.

If all of the above measures did not help and the person only gets worse, then you must definitely call an ambulance.

First aid for anaphylactic shock

As mentioned above, anaphylactic shock is a very serious complication that can be fatal. That is why every person should know what measures should be taken if such a situation happened to someone close.

It should be understood that anaphylactic shock is a very serious condition in which it is impossible to provide any assistance to the patient without special medications. Therefore, the first thing to do when faced with such a situation is to call an ambulance. While the ambulance is on the way, the victim should be laid on his back and his head turned to one side. This position of the body will help if the patient has vomiting. If the patient has stopped breathing or has lost consciousness, then resuscitation measures (artificial respiration and indirect heart massage) should be urgently started. If you have a syringe with adrenaline on hand, then you need to use it. This will alleviate the patient's condition.

If a person is conscious, then he should be given any anti-allergic drug: Cetirizine, Clemastin, Loratadin, Suprastin. These funds can be in the form of tablets or administered intravenously or intramuscularly. If the drug is administered intravenously, then a tourniquet should be applied for 20 minutes above the injection site. Every 10 minutes it must be loosened for a few minutes. You can also apply a piece of ice to the affected area for 15 minutes.

First aid for angioedema

With the development of this serious condition, the patient develops a strong swelling of the mucous membranes, skin and subcutaneous tissue. This condition requires the immediate help of qualified professionals. While the ambulance is coming, it is necessary, as in the previous case, to protect the victim from the allergen. An allergy sufferer needs to be planted, because this position of the body will make breathing easier. Next, you should enter any antihistamine. For intramuscular injection, you can use Diphenhydramine or Suprastin, in the form of tablets you can give Cetirizine or Loratadine. You can also give the patient activated charcoal and, if necessary, make a cleansing enema.

After the attack has passed, it is impossible to feed the victim for the next 12 hours. Then a diet is prescribed with the exception of the product that caused the allergic reaction.

At home, you can quickly get rid of the unpleasant symptoms of allergies with the help of traditional medicine.

  1. Cocklebur tincture. 20 g of this plant should be poured with 200 g of boiling water. The remedy must be infused for 7 days. 15 drops of the finished tincture should be diluted with 200 ml of water and consumed 4 times a day for 30 days.
  2. A decoction of yarrow. 30 g of yarrow herb should be poured with 200 ml of boiled water. The liquid should be infused for at least 30 minutes, after which it should be filtered and drunk 4 times a day for 50 g. Unpleasant symptoms will begin to disappear very soon.
  3. With increased sensitivity to flower pollen, doctors recommend gargling with a liquid several times a day, which includes plain water and a pharmacy infusion of motherwort.
  4. To cope with the symptoms of allergies will help odorous celery root.

You can simply squeeze some juice from the celery root and take the resulting liquid 2 tablespoons 3 times a day before meals.

And you can make a very effective tincture from this product. To prepare it, you need to grind the root of odorous celery. After that, 2 tablespoons of the resulting mass are poured with 1 glass of cool water. The healing agent should be infused for at least 1 hour. Ready infusion must be filtered. Most often, such a liquid is taken when allergic urticaria appears.

At home, you can prepare an ointment from a series of anti-allergies: first you need to melt 25 g of lanolin and 25 g of anhydrous petroleum jelly in a water bath. The resulting mixture should be heated for a quarter of an hour. After that, it is necessary to add 75 ml of herb infusion to it. To prepare the tincture, 2 sachets of a pharmacy must be poured with 100 ml of boiling water and left to infuse the product under a closed lid for 30 minutes. After that, the bags should be squeezed out, and the resulting liquid should be diluted with plain water to get 100 ml of medicine.

The finished ointment must be thoroughly mixed and applied to the affected skin. Already after the first such procedure, positive results will come.

Allergy symptoms can also be eliminated with a tincture of 100 g of nettle and 300 ml of boiling water.

Before using any folk remedy for allergies, be sure to consult a doctor. Self-medication is not worth it, as this can cause the development of unpleasant and serious complications.

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