What is the name of the mouse. Types of computer mice and how to choose the best one? Organizations and clubs of decorative mice breeders

Scientists were able to identify a lot of different rodents, they live in different parts of the planet. They are not only on the coldest continents, but on the rest they live.

Among them, people's favorites in the person of hamsters stand out, since they are often found at home, although they live freely in nature, as well as rats, which are also often pets or live in people's homes without their permission, voles and ordinary mice.

The latter are especially disliked by humans as they often destroy winter stocks and are considered dangerous disease vectors.

Usually people have difficulty distinguishing between rodents and can not always tell exactly who is in front of them. But with mice, this is not surprising, since there are approximately 400 different species among them.

Outwardly, they are all very similar, and behave almost identically. The animal mouse is famous for its incredible cunning and is difficult to catch. People have been fighting for centuries, first of all, with this representative of rodents.

What are the external features of the mouse?

Nowadays, a lot of photos of mice have been taken, and it is easy to find them on the net. Due to this, it is possible to determine exactly what species the mouse that appeared on the territory of a person belongs to.

Usually her body does not exceed 10 cm, moreover, about half the size is the tail. This little process is always naked, it is difficult to detect the presence of hairs on it. At the same time, the body is completely covered with wool of a uniform color.

Mice are brown, sometimes brown, and gray individuals are often found. Scientists have found mice that have stripes running along their backs.

However, there are two unique species that have needles that replace wool. We are talking about Elliot's mouse and the so-called needle-shaped form. The wool of these strange creatures is replaced by needles that look like thorns, like those of a cactus.

What are the features of a needle mouse?

The types of mice are very diverse, however, this mouse stands out among them, because, in addition to the unique coating, it has almost no neck, and its paws, although they are short in size, have fingers that help to stay on various surfaces.

How are mice different from other rodents?

If we conduct a detailed description of mice, it is important to note that they have excellent hearing, allowing them to pick up sounds of various tonalities. To do this, they use rounded ears.

On a small pointed muzzle, you can see the presence of antennae, called vibrissae. Due to this important organ, mice are able to navigate perfectly, even in the dark. However, they do not have pouches behind their cheeks.

Most species of mice do not like to climb trees, however, they easily move on the basis of grass stalks that grow in meadows. And also for this they use reeds or small branches of shrubs.

Among them, the smallest individual was identified, it was called the baby, since it has a body size of only 5 cm.

Where do different types of mice live?

Due to the characteristics of the body, this animal was able to take root in any place. In most cases, they use the surface of the earth for life, however, some species have good skills in moving along vertical surfaces.

Where do mice live and how can a person meet them? Usually, people most often meet with two types of these rodents, since only the Cairo or house mouse lives near human buildings.

Some mice like to live near various bodies of water, and they swim tolerably well. They do not like to start pairs and usually live alone.

However, a subspecies of the house mouse, called the Kurgan mouse, likes to start a family of up to 20 individuals living in a common hole. They are engaged in the creation of common stocks for wintering and make nests necessary for life.

Most mice like to live in a permanent place. They leave the inhabited area only if necessary due to some changes in the environment. However, they usually do not move far, because they do not have the desire to look for a new place to live for a long time.

What do mice like to eat?

In cold weather, it is difficult to detect at least one mouse, since they are under a layer of snow that creates protection for them from frost. Usually their reserves are not enough for wintering and the mice have to look for food even under the snow.

Trying to answer the question of what mice eat, it is necessary to immediately highlight their favorite food in the face of seeds and various fruits of plants.

Because of this, various species of meadow and steppe mice are considered serious pests for grain stocks of various cereal plants grown by people.

However, mice that prefer to live near various water sources mostly feed on succulent greens, various root crops, and even insects. And forest mice use nuts for food, and seeds found from deciduous tree species.

Although for the most part they can eat everything, and even products from a set of ordinary human food. They often settle in barns, various storerooms and use grains, seen cheeses or other foods as food. Sometimes they bite even sausages and dried fish a little.

Mouse photo

Since ancient times, mice and humans have lived side by side. Therefore, it is not surprising that one day the owner of the house had the idea to tame this tiny creature in order to turn it from a pest into an object of care and a source of joy. This is how the domestic mouse appeared - an extremely funny and cute animal that does not bring much trouble, gets along well with a person, and is quite unpretentious in care.

Reason for choosing a mouse

Decorative house mice are ideal for those who decide to have their own animal or teach a child to take care of the weak, but are limited by time, money and square meters.

The mouse can be touched

Unlike phlegmatic fish - other inhabitants that do not take up much space - they are able to respond to affection: you can stroke them, feel the warmth of a small body in a fur coat, they are quite affectionate and sit on your hands with pleasure.

Varieties: mouse mouse strife

Oddly enough, but tamed and domesticated mice are divided into only two types. The first species is an albino mouse, it is also a white laboratory mouse. A home decorative mouse is an animal weighing an average of 30 grams. with a calf of 7-12 cm, a tail of the same length, a hard coat of medium length, more often of the same color: black, brown, gray, sandy. The life expectancy of this miniature animal is on average 2-3 years.

white mouse

The white mouse stands apart - the ancestor of the entire mouse movement. Derived before our era, this creature was a frequent guest in the homes of Chinese emperors, and later, brought to England, quickly won the sympathy of all admirers of pets.

In the XIX century, they were attracted to participate in laboratory experiments, as a result of which a separate species appeared - the laboratory mouse. She was bred to participate in laboratory experiments to study patterns of social behavior, test drugs, and much more, which is of direct benefit to humanity. For pet lovers, this species is not so attractive, although albino mice can still be found in city apartments.

Each animal needs its own special space, which it will consider "its place" - sacred and inviolable. Therefore, before you bring mice home, you should take care of where they will live. Just before, not after. Because jars and cardboard boxes are absolutely not adapted for the life of rodents. And any move is always stressful.

Avoid aquariums as well. They are cramped, stuffy, hot, the mouse will not be able to move normally in them and equip itself with a secluded corner. The most successful solution would be a spacious cage with metal bars.

Rodent cage

Be sure to make it yourself or buy a small house - a mink, where the mouse will spend all day long.

Install the wheel to provide your pet with physical activity and fulfill his need for movement. For the same purpose, take care of the shelves, ladders and ropes. The animal will be happy to show you its dexterity, and you will have fun watching its amusing movements.

sawdust for rodents

The lining is a very important element. The layer should be quite impressive - at least 5 mm. Animals use it not only for its intended purpose, but also for arranging a house, and when there are drafts or a drop in temperature, they burrow into it to keep warm.

The material should be natural and preferably inexpensive: sawdust, dry peat crumbs, shavings, hay. Discard cotton and sand - the first absorbs odors too well and gets tangled between the fingers, and the second can become a breeding ground for lice. And something tells us that you don’t want such neighbors for yourself.

Care: mouse by mouse, and scheduled cleaning

In fact, the house mouse does not need any special care. But taking care of the cleanliness of the cell is the main condition. And not only for the animal, but also for the owner. The life cycle of these rodents is so intense that the cage needs to be cleaned at least twice a week. Otherwise, the mouse smell in the apartment is guaranteed to you.

Cell Cleaner

By "cleaning the cage" is meant to change the bedding and wipe all the items in the cage with a special agent or soapy water. If you fussed and purchased a cage with a pull-out tray, then the cleaning process will be greatly simplified and will not take much time.

Feeding

Domestic mice, like their wild relatives, are omnivores. But under natural conditions, the mouse age is short and marked by various diseases. It is in your power to avoid trouble and make sure that your pet eats well, does not get sick and does not bring trouble all his mouse life.

The mouse eats

The main rule is the same as for a person: a balanced diet. For you, this means a combination of dry and succulent food:

• Dry: cereals and seeds, as well as bread, crackers, compound feed. Mice are also happy to eat mixtures for and even dry food for and;
• Juicy: apple pieces, sprouted grains, green beans, not very juicy herbs. It is useful from time to time to offer insects in the diet: flies, butterflies and even cockroaches;
• Top dressing of vitamins and minerals once a month will also not be superfluous.

But what absolutely cannot be done is to feed rodents with leftover food from your own table: food additives, spices and excess salt can harm your pet. If only occasionally indulge in a piece of cheese or other natural product, but not as the main diet.

Be sure to respect the feeding area. Feed only in the feeder. Otherwise, the mice will spoil the cage for you so much that you will get tired of cleaning it.

Communication

Get ready for the fact that mice are nocturnal creatures, which means that most of your wakefulness they will sleep or hide in their house or nest from the litter, and rustle at night. But even with this lifestyle, the mouse, like any living creature, needs to communicate. At the same time, a single mouse needs it much more than a mouse family. If you devote too little time to a rodent, it will soon become sullen, withdrawn, quickly run wild and hide when a person appears.

Don't let the mouse run wild

To keep your pet active and friendly, talk to him, sit him in your palm, play more often. It will not take much time and will not require excessive efforts, but the return will not be long in coming and will be like in that cartoon: you come home, and he rejoices at you.

And remember - we are responsible for those we have tamed!

A manipulator called "Mouse" has already entered our lives so tightly that we do not even notice how often we use this device. The mouse allows you to control your computer with maximum comfort. Remove it, and the speed of working with a PC will decrease several times. But the main thing is to choose the right mouse, based on the types of tasks that will need to be solved with its help. Some situations will require special types of mice.

Types of computer mice

According to the design features, several types of computer mice are distinguished: mechanical, optical, laser, trackball, induction, gyroscopic and sensory. Each type has its own unique characteristics that allow you to successfully use the mouse in a given situation. So what mice are best for pc? Let's try to understand this issue, having examined in detail each type separately.

Mechanical mice

This is the same type with which the history of computer mice began. The design of such a mouse assumes the presence of a rubberized ball that glides over the surface. He, in turn, makes special rollers move, which transmit the result of the movement of the ball to special sensors. The sensors send the processed signal to the computer itself, as a result of which the cursor moves on the screen. This is how a mechanical mouse works. This outdated device had two or three buttons and did not differ in any features. Connection to a computer was carried out using a COM port (in earlier versions) and a PS / 2 connector (in later models).

The weakest point of a mechanical mouse was exactly the same ball that “crawled” along the surface. It became very dirty very quickly, as a result of which the accuracy of the movement fell. I had to clean it often with alcohol. In addition, mechanical ball mice categorically refused to slide normally on a bare table. They always needed a special mat. At the moment, such mice are obsolete and are not used anywhere. The most popular manufacturers of mechanical mice at the time were Genius and Microsoft.

Optical mice

The next stage in the evolution of computer mice was the emergence of optical models. The principle of operation is fundamentally different from mice equipped with balls. The basis of the optical mouse is a sensor that registers the movement of the mouse by photographing at high speed (about 1000 shots per second). Then the sensor sends information to the sensors and after appropriate processing, the information enters the computer, causing the cursor to move. Optical mice can contain any number of buttons. From two in ordinary office models to 14 in serious gaming solutions. Thanks to their technology, optical mice are able to provide high precision cursor movement. In addition, they can glide perfectly on any flat surface (except for a mirror).

Now optical mice are the most popular among most users. They combine high DPI and an adequate price. Unpretentious optical models are the most cheap computer mice. In form, they can be very different. By the number of buttons too. There are also wired and wireless options. If you need high accuracy and reliability, then your choice is a wired optical mouse. The fact is that wireless technologies make the user dependent on batteries and wireless communication, which is not always up to par.

Laser mice

These mice are evolutionary continuation of optical mice. The difference is that a laser is used instead of an LED. At the present stage of development, laser mice are the most accurate and provide the highest DPI value. That is why they are so loved by many gamers. Laser mice don't care what surface they "crawl" on. They work well even on rough surfaces.

With the highest DPI of any mouse, laser models are widely used by gamers. That is why laser manipulators have a wide range of models aimed at game fans. A distinctive feature of this mouse is the presence of a large number of additional programmable buttons. A prerequisite for a good gaming mouse is only a wired connection via USB. Since wireless technology cannot provide the proper accuracy of work. Gaming laser mice are usually not cheap. Most expensive computer mice based on a laser element are produced by Logitech and A4Tech.

trackball

This device does not look like a standard computer mouse at all. At its core, a trackball is a mechanical mouse in reverse. The cursor is controlled by a ball on the top side of the device. But the sensors of the device are still optical. In its form, the trackball does not resemble a classic mouse at all. And it does not need to be moved anywhere in order to achieve the movement of the cursor. The trackball is connected to the computer via USB.

The advantages and disadvantages of the trackball have been arguing for quite some time. On the one hand, it reduces the load on the hand and ensures the accuracy of cursor movement. On the other hand, it is a bit inconvenient to use the trackball buttons. Such devices are still rare and unfinished.

induction mice

Induction mice are a logical continuation of wireless devices. However, they are devoid of some properties characteristic of "tailless" models. For example, induction mice can only work on a special mat connected to a computer. Carrying the mouse away from the rug will not work. However, there are also pluses. High accuracy and no need to change batteries, since there are no batteries in such mice at all. Induction mice get their energy from the mat.

Such mice are not very common, as they have a high price and are not very mobile. On the other hand, these are the most original computer mice. Their originality lies in the absence of batteries.

Gyro mice

These mice do not need to slide on the surface at all. The gyroscopic sensor, which is the basis of such a mouse, responds to changes in the position of the device in space. Of course it's convenient. But this method of management requires a fair amount of skill. Naturally, such mice are distinguished by the absence of wires, because with their presence it would be inconvenient to control the mouse.

Types of computer mice. There are no computer mice. From such a variety, even the head is spinning. But until recently, there was practically no choice. It would seem, what else can you think of? But it turns out it's possible. Every company that produces these small and necessary "animals" finds more and more new designs and functions for them too.

What kind types of computer mice exist?

There are just not so many types. Here they are:

• Mechanical or ball (already practically not used);
• Optical;
• laser;
• Trackball mice.
• induction;
• Gyroscopic.

Mechanical or ball mice

Mechanical or ball mice can only be found among collectors. Although some seven years ago she was the only species. It was not very comfortable to work with it, but having no other species, we considered it to be a super-mouse.

She was heavy for weight and did not want to work without a rug. And her positioning left much to be desired. This was especially noticeable in graphics programs and games. And I had to clean it very often. What just did not well up under this ball? And if animals still live at home, then this process was repeated at least once a week.

I always had tweezers near the computer, because. my furry friends always strove to sleep near the computer, and their fluff clung to the rug, making it furry. Now I don't have that problem anymore. The ball "rodent" was replaced by a more modern mouse - an optical one.

Optical LED mouse

Optical LED mouse - works in a different way. It uses an LED and a sensor. It already works like a small camera that scans the surface of the table with its LED and photographs it. An optical mouse manages to take about a thousand such photos per second, and some types even more.

The data of these images is processed by a special microprocessor and sends a signal to the computer. The advantages of such a mouse are obvious. It doesn't need a mat, it's very light in weight and can easily scan almost any surface.

Optical laser mouse

Optical laser mouse - very similar to optical, but its principle of operation differs in that a laser is already used instead of a camera with an LED. That's why it's called laser.

This is a more advanced model of an optical mouse. She needs much less energy. The accuracy of reading data from the working surface is much higher than that of an optical mouse. It can even work on glass and mirror surfaces.

Trackball mouse

Trackball mouse - a device that uses a convex ball (trackball). The trackball is an inverted ball mouse. The ball is on top or side. It can be rotated with the palm of your hand or fingers, and the device itself stands still. The ball drives a pair of rollers. The new trackballs use optical motion sensors.

induction mice

induction mice - use a special pad that works on the principle of a graphics tablet.

Gyro mice

Gyro mice - with the help of a gyroscope, it recognizes movement not only on the surface, but also in space. It can be taken from the table and control the movement of the brush in the air.

These types of computer mice still exist in our markets.

Now a very large variety of such devices. Some designs deserve special attention. And I will describe them. Follow the site for updates.

Mice are the most common mammalian rodents. They harm both farmers, gardeners and apartment dwellers.

But there is also a species of very rare mice listed in the Red Book.

What do these animals look like? What do they eat? What are the dangers to humans and should we get rid of them? What types of mice are more common?

Description, appearance and reproduction

Mice are mammals animals. They belong to the order of rodents, the mouse family. Their body length rarely exceeds 10 cm, weight varies from 15 to 45-50 grams. Wool can be of different colors (depending on the breed).

The tail is covered with short hairs, its length is usually equal to the length of the body. The muzzle of mice has the shape of a triangle, the ears are large and round, sticking out to the sides. The eyes usually have black color(in albinos they are red).

REFERENCE: Mice reproduce very quickly. They reach sexual maturity already by 2 months, and in one year they bring up to 10 litters, in each of which up to 8 mice are born. Pregnancy in these animals lasts 3 weeks.

Mice are born naked and blind, their first hair grows only a week after birth. After 2-3 weeks they are completely independent.

Mice breed more actively in summer, since this process is affected by the amount of available feed.

What species are most common?


All over the world there are about 300 species of forest and field mice. Most of them are found in warm countries (Africa and Asia), a smaller number of species live in Australia and Eurasia. Here are the births that occur in a person's life:

• house mouse;

Distribution in Russia

In Russia most common house mice. They live in all corners of the country, with the exception of the northeastern part of Siberia, the interfluve of the Lena and Yenisei rivers and mountain forests. In the European part of Russia, some species of voles live.

Baby mice prefer warm climate. Their habitat includes the coast of the Black and Baltic Seas, the Caucasus, Transbaikalia, the Volga coast. Field mice live in the southern part of Western Siberia and the Caucasus.

Food

The basis of the diet of mice is a grain (legumes, cereals). Many species feed on plants and their seeds, and some catch insects, eat larvae and even carrion. One mouse per day drinks 3-5 ml of liquid Without water, they can live up to 2.5 weeks.

Animals that live near humans can eat whatever foods are available to them: candles, soap, chocolate, milk, dairy products, meat, grain. If there is an abundance of food, mice stock up.

Mice in the country or in the wild, gnaw the bark of trees, eat buds, berries, young shoots. Some mice gnaw on cones and extract nuts from them. In the taiga, animals willingly eat cranberries and lingonberries.

yellow-throated mouse

These mice became a separate species back in 1894, and in 2008 they were listed in the Red Book of the Moscow Region. Their main difference is bright red skin color. They have a yellow stripe around their neck. The ears of yellow-throated mice are large, round, the body length reaches 10 cm.

These animals live in the southern part of Russia, but are also found in the north. They are dangerous because spread various diseases(the most dangerous is tick-borne encephalitis). These mice live in forests, occupy hollows and nests., sometimes dig minks in the roots of trees. From food prefers seeds (acorns, beech, hazelnuts, etc.).

What harm is being done to farmers?

Mice, like many other rodents, cause a lot of harm to farms. Here's what harm mice are dangerous for:

• mice carry dangerous diseases (typhus, plague, salmonellosis, etc.);
• leave their excrement wherever they run and climb (various infections are also transmitted to people through feces);
• gnaw on wires, furniture, walls and other household items;
• mice are dangerous for summer cottages: they spoil the crop (they gnaw the bark of fruit trees and their roots, eat the harvested crop);
• eat the feed of farm animals and leave their excrement in them, which leads to spoilage of products.

A photo