In many countries of Europe, Asia, and the USA, sorting of garbage is widespread, which allows you to give garbage the so-called "second life".

The most common way to dispose of waste is to recycle everything that can be recycled and bury the rest. There are also MSW incineration plants, but this method, according to some environmentalists, is not the most environmentally friendly - there are only about five of them in the whole of Russia. World experience says that the most optimal method of waste disposal is its processing for further use, RIA VladNews reports with reference to the press service of the Vladivostok administration.

For example, building material, clothes are made from garbage, metal is extracted from waste, etc. Plants with sorting complexes today are the most "humane" in relation to the environment. It is this method of working with garbage that helps to maintain ecological balance - to create a balance in the relationship between man and nature.

In many countries of Europe, Asia, and the USA, sorting of garbage is widespread, which allows you to give garbage the so-called "second life". The organization of this process is maximally optimized and simplified, since sorting begins at the stage of waste disposal by people. The legislation of many countries obliges their citizens to sort garbage into different containers, which have their own color and designation. For example, in almost all prefectures of Japan, a citizen is subject to a large fine for violations of garbage sorting or refusal to do so.

In the Land of the Rising Sun, garbage is treated very reverently. What is the sensational scandal about a man who threw garbage in the wrong place. The police gave him warnings, but he ignored them. The case ended in jail time. For residents of many countries, this story may seem incredible, but not for the Japanese, who are doing everything in order to preserve the environment.

How is garbage recycled in Japan? It is burned, and the thermal energy is used for heating. Household appliances, furniture, cars are dismantled for further processing. Near each Japanese house, you can see different containers where various types of waste are stored: food, plastic, aluminum cans and others. Thus, waste sorting starts at home, and every citizen contributes to the preservation of the environment and recycling of waste.

The Japanese have learned to recycle garbage in such a way that they even make building materials from organic waste.

Brazil

Brazil is also developing separate collection and recycling of waste. For example, the city of Curitiba ranked first in the world in collecting valuable household waste. Almost all plastic, paper, metal and glass are recycled here. The decision turned out to be successful - to involve the poor in garbage collection. Collecting waste is rewarded with cash or food packages.

Garbage collection in the United States takes place in plastic bags, which are stored in containers located near each house. Utilities take containers for sorting to send garbage for recycling. Paper, plastic, cans, bottles - all of these materials are used to make goods marked "made from garbage."

At one time there were problems with metal cans in the country, but with the help of a reward system for the delivery of garbage, they were resolved. Today, almost every American institution has a press for cardboard, cans, paper.

Finland

A feature of garbage collection in Finland is street containers, resembling small boxes. The garbage storage itself is underground. Many containers are connected to special vacuum pipes, thanks to which the waste immediately enters the processing plants. The speed of the movement of debris is 25-30 meters per second.

The priority is the deep processing of waste. The glass is crushed and the crumbs are sold to glassware companies. As a result, one bottle is used approximately 30 times in the country.

Plastic garbage in the country is pressed and burned at special stations at a temperature of 1.3 thousand degrees, receiving electricity.

Half of the country's waste is incinerated. There are four waste incineration plants in Vienna alone.

In addition, Austria is ready to switch to alternative sources of electricity generation as widely as possible. Including getting energy generated from burning garbage.

About three thousand people are involved in this field of activity, and the profession of a garbage collector in Austria is considered socially significant.

Sweden is one of the leaders in waste collection. Half of it is used to generate electricity and heat, and half is recycled. All families in the country are required to sort garbage. Many have between five and seven containers in their home. In this country, the method of underground vacuum "garbage chutes" is also being actively introduced. Despite the fact that this requires a large investment, in the end, people then save on the transportation of waste.

United Arab Emirates

Recently, the UAE has been actively developing in many directions. Was no exception and activities related to the collection and processing of waste.

A few years ago, it became clear that the main landfill could be full by 2022. Therefore, the authorities seriously began to deal with the problem of collection and processing.

To accustom residents to the new rules, they introduced a special tariff for those who collect garbage separately. In addition, various competitions are held. For example, donate an iPad for responsible separate waste collection.

The country also has special measures to support businesses associated with waste processing activities.

Many other developed countries such as Canada, Germany, Norway, the Netherlands, etc. collect and sort waste in the same way. Garbage suitable for recycling is necessarily used, the rest of the waste is either landfilled or incinerated.

According to environmentalists, giving waste a “second life” and recycling it at sorting facilities is currently the most altruistic method of MSW disposal.

Waste disposal is a serious problem even in economically different countries. More and more waste is being generated, and scientists do not get tired of looking for new methods for the safe disposal of garbage, since storing it in specialized places (landfills) is economically inexpedient and environmentally unsafe. Today we want to tell you how this problem is solved in different countries of the world, the experience of which we should learn from.

General principles of waste disposal

Each country has its own methods of waste disposal, which are conditionally divided into three global approaches.

• liquidation. The most popular option, which involves isolation and the gradual destruction of garbage. This includes the removal of solid waste to landfills, specially designed sites, dumping into technical reservoirs, mines.
• Partial liquidation. Garbage is pre-treated, recyclable materials will be removed for recycling. The remaining non-recyclable waste is destroyed in some way.
• Utilization. The use of all garbage is secondary. Combustible parts, combustible components, organic substances are isolated from the waste, and the rest is burned to produce energy or steam.

Civilized, economically developed countries are striving for a complete transition to a recycling method of waste disposal.

How garbage is disposed of around the world

Modern waste disposal technologies may well compete with the latest space developments. The emphasis is on environmental friendliness and mechanization of the extraction of components for reuse.

Italy: a unique way to separate MSW

Separate collection of solid waste is a "trick" of Italy. For example, in Rome, garbage is taken out in plastic bags, recyclable materials are removed from them, then divided into three fractions:

- large ones are allowed for magnetic separation;

- small ones are processed in a composter;

the remains are burned.

Food waste goes to enterprises that produce feed for ruminants. Organics are sterilized, processed and dried, then mixed with cornmeal, vitamins and trace elements, and granulated.

Sweden: automated recycling

In the Swedish city of Strömstad, there is a waste processing plant, where all the generated solid waste goes. Waste is crushed and sorted using a cylindrical screen. Small fractions are mixed with sewage sludge in a special container and then stacked.

Japan: zero-waste "philosophy" in action

The island nation cherishes the territory and cannot allow land to be used for landfills. Separation of garbage is somewhat different from other countries: 4 types of garbage are placed in separate containers: combustible, non-combustible, recyclable and bulky. For each type of waste, separate transparent bags of different volumes and a certain color are produced. The garbage is sorted by people, but the bags are not picked up if the waste is sorted incorrectly. The bulk of the waste is incinerated by a plasma flow with t 1200ºС and higher: during such treatment, resins are not formed, and toxic waste is destroyed. About 6 tons of ash is obtained from 30 tons of garbage, which is used in construction after cleaning.

Holland: maximum use of secondary resources

The country has a unique recycling plant that produces tons of paper, metal, plastics and organic components for composting from waste.

Germany: Foucault sorting

A unique technology for separating waste from non-ferrous metals using the Foucault current is successfully applied in the country. Modern equipment performs waste treatment and preparation for recycling.

England and the USA: Organics from food raw materials

An experimental technology for producing ethyl alcohol pulp grown using food waste has saved millions of dollars, decontaminated waste and reduced the number of landfills.

Finland: Recycling everything that can be recycled

All waste is collected in separate containers, and in large parks you can find special containers for compost - a kind of mini-factory for the neutralization and processing of organic matter. Sorting garbage is on the conscience of people, and they do an excellent job of this job, carefully laying out the waste in different boxes. In addition, all packaged products are sold with a deposit per container: when you return an empty drink can to the store, you will receive a refund of its cost.

Recycling of garbage and waste, including construction, medical, chemical waste, has already become a successful sector of the economy that saves primary resources. This process is well established in Belarus, however, there are still places of unauthorized dumps, and not only the owners of private houses, but also employees and organizations sin with this. Disposal and waste disposal always make up a separate budget line during the implementation, and some, in order to save money, take waste to the nearest forest. In accordance with the Code of the Republic of Belarus on Administrative Offenses, a fine for unauthorized release, storage and disposal of waste is up to 1000 basic units (1 base unit is 24.5 rubles). Is the unjustified risk of such consequences worth it? It's up to you to decide!

Details Created on 03.04.2013 12:35

It would seem that we already know almost everything about life abroad, and yet, when visiting friends and relatives, we are surprised at many things. Among such “amazing little things” is the technology of separate waste disposal. How to properly dispose of garbage in different countries? And who makes sure that the garbage is thrown out according to the rules?

The problem of waste disposal today is recognized as one of the most important for mankind: every year there is more and more waste, and landfills are gradually advancing on the territory of human habitation. By sorting waste, foreigners help the state reduce disposal costs and reduce the area required for waste disposal. How, having arrived for a visit or for permanent residence, not to make a mistake when throwing out garbage?

Germany

Germany is the European leader in waste recycling and one of the first to introduce a separate waste disposal system. The Germans sort the garbage at home, putting it into multi-colored bags and containers. Separate glass, plastic, paper, food waste and other household trash. For each type of garbage near high-rise buildings and in private quarters, different containers are placed and there is a separate pickup day.

Hand over plastic bottles for 10-25 cents apiece at the nearest grocery store, and throw out used batteries in special boxes that are placed in stores and office buildings. First of all, the Germans themselves monitor how you throw out garbage, but there are also special “garbage” police officers. Take your garbage sorting system very seriously: if anyone notices that you are throwing everything in a pile, you face a rather big fine.

USA

America celebrates International Recycling Day, which is used as an opportunity to draw public attention to the importance of this problem. Separate waste disposal is also developed in the country, and there is a system of fines for violating the rules. In recent years, another method of dealing with waste has become popular - its minimization. Manufacturers produce more economical packaging, and you, as a consumer, must accustom yourself to reuse the things you buy.

Switzerland

In Switzerland, you are required by law to sort waste, and if you violate it, you will pay a fine. Containers with inscriptions are placed on the streets, which will not allow you to make a mistake. Take printed products to the waste paper collection point, which are many in every district.

Separately, throw away the batteries - in special "birdhouses" near schools, compress cans using a home press, which is in every Swiss home, take old electrical appliances to collection points. The garbage control system works not only at home: try throwing something out of the car window and you will immediately earn a fine.

Sweden

In Sweden, it will be much easier for you to hand over waste paper: once a week, on the appointed day, they put it outside the door. But you will have to tinker with the bottles: they need to be sorted by the colors of the glass. In order to get rid of hazardous waste (accumulators, batteries, aerosol cans, etc.), take a walk to the nearest gas station, having previously laid out everything in containers with the appropriate colors.

Japan

In Japan, household waste will most likely need to be sorted into two containers labeled "combustible" and "fireproof." A special approach has been found in the country to the disposal of used household appliances: manufacturers have recently been responsible for solving this problem, which means that in the near future companies will either have to change production technologies or work out a scheme for receiving and processing electrical equipment.

Vatican

Even the Vatican preaches separate waste disposal! A tangible part of the Vatican garbage is waste from luxurious gardens: palm branches, cones, needles and grass. The Vatican is trying to limit the amount of paper it consumes, and press office cartridges are refilled multiple times.

About company

We, the team of Ecostiltrans LLC, have long (since 2003) been successfully providing garbage collection of any kind in the city of Moscow and the Moscow Region, we have our own fleet of container trucks, we provide a package of documents: we work with both individuals and legal entities.

The work of our specialists is always:

Timeliness and punctuality.

Politeness.

High quality.

An absolute guarantee that your territory will be clean.

We understand that garbage disposal is an urgent problem, therefore we offer our services not only to legal entities, but also to individuals. A special area of ​​our activity is the removal of construction waste, which includes the removal of waste by container. The management conducts a democratic pricing policy so that everyone can use our services. Our prices are loyal, besides, an individual approach to each client allows us to create optimally favorable conditions for everyone.

Prices

When ordering from 3 bunkers per month there is a system of discounts
Services			price, rub.
Porter, 8 m 3 , 1 ton			from 3500
Gazelle, 8 m 3, 1.5 tons			from 4000
Container on MAZ, ZIL, KAMAZ platform	8 m 3 , 5 tons		from 6400
	15 m 3	12 tons	from 12000
	20 m 3		from 17000
	23 m3		from 19200
	27 m 3		from 21000
	32 m 3		from 23000
Tipper SCANIA, IVECO			from 850 per m 3
Loading	Manual: 2-3 loaders		from 1000
	Working with JCB		from 2000
Discounts when paying by card

Garbage special: construction

New properties can be seen everywhere. But what is construction? This is a continuous work process, during which deposits of garbage are formed on the construction site. These can be pieces of rebar, bricks, plastic, broken glass, packaging materials, frozen and unsuitable mixtures. We offer you the removal of solid waste - quickly, efficiently, efficiently. Our logisticians will calculate the optimal route for moving around Moscow, the drivers will cope with any equipment, the cars will be in good order and will not let you down at the most crucial moment. Our experts will organize for you the removal of waste by container from the territory of your construction site. This is the optimal solution in case the project is long and it is constantly worth removing waste. The containers rented by you will be delivered by agreement, installed for filling, the removal of solid waste in containers will be carried out in strict accordance with the work schedule. Together we will solve any problem of waste disposal from the territory of your site!

Difficult question: KGM

KGM includes things that are no longer needed in everyday life - kitchen and household appliances, furniture, windows and doors, waste from construction sites. This type of waste belongs to the 5th hazard class, as it includes paper, cardboard, polymers, and other substances. Our company offers services for the removal of large volume and tonnage waste from your territory in Moscow, the removal of solid waste, guaranteeing safety, high quality, efficiency of work and quite reasonable rates, providing for this the necessary machines and equipment from our own fleet.

The fight against household waste

Statistics say that on average one person "creates" more than 250 kg of waste per year. But practice shows that this figure is underestimated, because these are only indicators of household waste. But what about construction and other species that remain after human activity? "Fight" - you will say and you will be right. As long as state recycling programs are being developed, fines and administrative protocols are being issued for violations in the discharge and improper processing of municipal solid waste, while private entrepreneurs are building single waste processing complexes and plants, our company is working.

In the trash bag that everyone takes out of the house or apartment - glass, paper, polyethylene, food debris and other components. Our specialists are engaged in the removal of household waste, solid waste in the case of a preliminary agreement. Contact our dispatcher, describe the task and in a short time you will receive a competent qualified solution from our specialists. This may be a planned collection and subsequent garbage collection, or it may be the rental of garbage containers that will be emptied on time. We work only with those landfills that have a license and all permits to engage in this type of activity.

Service areas

Ilya Laptev

Chief Editor

How different countries deal with garbage

In the 20th and 21st centuries, problems arose in the world that could not even be imagined in science fiction novels before the scientific and technological revolution. Epidemics, mass starvation, natural disasters and much more are in the past. But scientific and technological progress has brought with it many other problems. Despite the fact that there are such global problems in the world as nuclear weapons, corruption, many "manias" and "phobias", garbage is considered one of the main problems.

Benefits, banknotes and garbage teleport

Back in the middle of the last century, the problem of garbage was not so acute. The most developed countries simply brought it to Africa and continued to develop further. But very quickly, nature showed that everything in it is cyclical. In medieval cities, people simply threw garbage out the window and got the plague as a result. Europeans and Americans received many other problems in their territories from the garbage that arrived from Africa, which they also sent there. Waste dumped in the desert couldn't just dissolve into a vacuum. Since then, the most developed countries have come a long way in terms of disposal and recycling. They approached the issue as pragmatic as always, and very quickly learned how to make a lot of money on this.

The garbage business began with a division. But not territories or financial flows, but garbage. In European cities, there was a massive propaganda about how good it is to put garbage in different bags, and how bad it is to dump it in one pile. Separate collection made it possible to separate organic matter, household waste, glass, plastic, paper, batteries, and metals even at the stage of the consumer. Secondary sorting took place directly on the conveyor, and then each processor sent the garbage where it saw fit.

For example, in Germany, entire cities are heated in this way. The incentive for distribution was that in any store you can turn in a bottle and get back the security deposit. It is important to note the influence of advertising in the media, child care facilities and so on. There are also well-defined waste laws in the country. And a whole special police department monitors the disposal. It is normal for Germany that your neighbor can complain to the right place if he suddenly sees that you dump several bags of garbage into one container. Moreover, the police will come to establish whether this is really so. And if so, open your pockets wider. Fines for such an offense in Germany are huge.

But if you want not to give away, but to receive a few banknotes - collect and sort not only your own, but also someone else's garbage. This is how some German schoolchildren earn. Waste-to-fuel processing plants are also popular in the Netherlands. And here, for the collection and separation of waste, you can get coupons for a discount on utility bills, and even for the purchase of housing.

The Spaniards, unlike other inhabitants of Europe, are not so prudent. They have trash on the streets. In some cities, they decided to deal with this in a very original way. There are special teleports on the streets of Barcelona. When you throw garbage at them, it immediately ends up in an incinerator.

Surprisingly, the British, prim according to legend, are also not the cleanest. In some areas, garbage may be collected only once or twice a week. The authorities are fighting dirty, punishing them with a pound. Even misplaced trash cans on your front lawn can result in a fine of around £1,000.

In the United States, they approached the problem creatively. In addition to the fact that at the mentality level, the Americans equate the one who litters with a great sinner, they also manage to skillfully advertise a “clean” lifestyle. There is an art project in New York - NYC Garbage. Beautifully arranged rubbish is put into transparent cubes, and it becomes an art object. Big money is made on such “creativity”, and garbage becomes part of conceptual art. What are only the "mertz" of Kurt Schwitters worth.

Plastic is one of the most important pollutants of our time.

Plastic is one of the most polluting materials for the environment. Polymers are cheap, they are universal, they can be used literally everywhere. As a result, almost half of human waste is polymers. Under natural conditions, they decompose for hundreds of years. In the process of decomposition, harmful substances are released, such as styrene, phenol, formaldehyde, etc. At the same time, plastic is difficult and unprofitable to recycle. So in the world, even 10% of plastic waste is not recycled.

One of the global solutions in the fight against plastic is the creation of biopolymers. Already, many of them are actively used in various areas of life. In medicine, during surgical operations, water-soluble polymers are used, which are assimilated by the human body without harm. Much less in other areas. However, with the development of technology, bioplastics are increasingly appearing among conventional packaging and household products. This happens because it was simply not profitable for manufacturers to invest in this industry before. The production of bioplastics was much more expensive. But with the development of technological progress, obstacles are gradually removed. In 2013, the biopolymer market was just under $65 million. It has now tripled in size. According to forecasts, by 2020 the total number of bioplastics will be 5-7% of all polymers. Now it is about 1%.

One of the most common biopolymers at the moment is polylactide. It is extracted from lactic acid. The Swiss company Sulzer has established a plant for the production of such plastics in the Netherlands, which produces about 5,000 tons of biopolymers per year. Interestingly, the company did not have to completely change the technology. For the production of bioplastics, it was enough to slightly modernize the enterprise for the production of conventional polymers. Even more interesting is that one of the main shareholders of this company is a financial group from Russia - Renova.

Plastic recycling is also cultivated in Switzerland itself. To simplify the process, it is customary in the country to separate garbage not only by quality, but also by color. At the same time, the lids from the container are stored in a separate container.

In the US, plastic waste is dealt with in different ways. For example, in Minneapolis and St. Pau, it is in principle forbidden to sell products in plastic packaging, unless it is made from biopolymers. The states have a program for sorting polymer waste, which is encouraged by the state. Citizens receive various preferences for collected bottles - from cash rewards to benefits and bonuses. And in one of the US universities came close to technologies that in the future can help get rid of plastic in principle. Plastic is placed in a barrel with a catalyst and heated for 3 hours at a temperature of 700 degrees. After that, the plastic turns into carbon, which is used to charge batteries. They are said to work much better and longer than others.

In Japan, as early as 20 years ago, they passed laws severely restricting the use of hydrocarbon polymers. Legal entities pay much less taxes if they themselves sort or process such waste. Individuals receive various preferences, for example, in the form of reduced utility bills, etc.

In Germany, they approached the problem differently. In addition to the fact that they have a cult following in sorting and separating waste, German clothing brands also use recycled plastic. The Puma brand has produced a special line of clothing called InCycle. The German “circle” (namely, this is how the name is translated) included traditional sportswear made from natural fabrics interspersed with polyester, which was obtained from recycled plastic bottles. The entire collection was created from biodegradable raw materials. The company has installed special bins in its stores where you can throw worn-out shoes. The part that is not biodegradable will go to the production of new clothes. The other will become a polyester granulate, which the manufacturer claims is not hazardous to nature.

In Edmonton, Canada, they have learned how to make biofuel from plastic waste. It is mainly used for racing cars. Methanol is obtained from the waste, which allows the car to develop tremendous speed. More processed products are used to heat the city.

In China, scientists conducted an experiment with the decomposition of plastic using petroleum ether with iridium. Plastic is heated with this catalyst at a temperature of 150 degrees. What is obtained as a result of decomposition can be used as fuel. The real disadvantage is that a part of the catalyst is able to decompose 30 parts of plastic. Considering that iridium is an expensive material, its commercial use is currently not profitable. Scientists continue to work on making the technology cheaper.

Plastic recycling in Russia

In Russia, the problem of plastic recycling, like many other types of waste, is quite acute. One of the main problems is that we do not have a common understanding of what to do with plastic, how to sort it, etc. This is not counting infrastructure problems, lack of technology, laws. At the same time, Russia is still taking certain steps in the fight against plastic.

For example, scientists at Samara University have developed a technology for creating bioplastics based on organic waste, herbs and fruits. At Kemerovo University, work was underway on a genetically modified plant based on tephroseris (field cross), which is capable of decomposing plastic.

In the Republic of Komi in the city of Yemva, there is a plant for the production of paving slabs from recycled plastic. There are special bins in the city where the population throws away plastic containers. As a result, 30 m2 of plastic paving slabs are produced every day.

Polymer waste is one of the main problems of the 21st century. Different countries deal with it in different ways. But one thing is clear: waste recycling, perhaps on a par with virtual reality, IT, gadgets, is becoming one of the most promising business areas.

Tags:

In contact with