What do we know about "Indian Summer"? Conversation with children on the topic "Summer". Middle group What do we know about summer

September 14 (September 1, old style) Indian summer begins. For us, this means that autumn gives a little more summer warmth before the cold weather.

What do we know about Indian Summer?
It is interesting that the concept itself exists in other countries, but it is confined to different times. In Poland and the Czech Republic, "Indian summer" refers to the prolonged warm weather in autumn, regardless of the month. In Bulgaria, there is an “Indian spring” - the so-called “Indian days” correspond to the end of March ...

In some regions of Germany, as early as the end of the nineteenth century, there was one day or even several hours a year, which were considered women's, women's. On this day, husbands had to obey their wives and unquestioningly fulfill all their desires and commands.

In Brussels, there was also such a day - January 19, when a woman was considered the sovereign mistress of the house, and the husband was obliged to obey her in everything. In Ukraine, "Indian summer" begins from October 1 to 8, according to the old style. Why exactly this time, the legend explains.

Once upon a time, these days there was a strong cold. The fruits in the orchards were not yet collected, so they must have inevitably disappeared. Here the women, having gathered together, began to ask the Lord God to return warmth to them. The prayer was heard. And the warm time really returned, and the fruits were successfully harvested. It was then that the first week after the Intercession began to be called "Indian Summer".

Since in the customs of different countries this time was considered such when a man had to obey his wife, the assumption arises that the expression "Indian summer" contains the remnant of the former domination of women over men, and the word "summer" denotes not the time of the year, but the year, the time .

In Russia, for example, Indian summer has long been timed to coincide with the week from September 1 to 8, according to the old style. In this regard, there was an assumption that this time is called "Indian summer" because in September the constellation Pleiades, in other words, Baba, is visible in the sky.

Remember how at the beginning of September the thinnest cobweb, barely noticeable to the eye, begins to fly? It is now known that it is woven by tiny spiders. And in ancient times, people did not know where the finest threads come from in the air. In pagan times, it was believed that the appearance of the cobweb is the result of the work of the gods.

The pagan Slavs believed that one of the gods they worshiped entangled the whole world with invisible thin threads of the web. Later, after the adoption of Christianity, the origin of the threads began to be attributed to the Mother of God.

In the minds of the peasants, the threads of the web hovering in the air meant that it was time to start women's work: weaving, spinning, sewing, knitting.

At this time, the time began for women when they had to prepare fabrics, threads to sheathe and tie their entire family.

Indian summer begins on a day called Semin, or the day of Semyon the Pilot. The Church remembers on this day one of its great ascetics Simeon the Stylite (IV-V centuries).

Since until 1700 the New Year began on September 1, many beginnings in peasant life are associated with this day. On Semin Day, the old fire was usually extinguished, and in the morning wood fire was struck again by rubbing wood against wood. There was a tradition on Semin Day to complete contracts and transactions related to trade. For many centuries there was a custom on the day of Simeon to put a boy who has reached four years of age on a horse.

From that day on, women soaked hemp, dried and crushed flax, and dug potatoes. There was also a funny custom to bury flies and cockroaches on this day so that they would not be found.

Blame the anticyclone
Indian summer is not summer at all, which returned for a week or two in mid-September. Warm autumn days are the last waves of the Azores anticyclone, thanks to which the air and soil do not have time to cool quickly.

The Azores High is a huge area of ​​high pressure in the Atlantic. In summer, it affects only the northern hemisphere, from 40° to 65° north latitude. Under his influence is the United States, all of Europe and the European part of Russia. Therefore, Indian summer is a local phenomenon.

From May to September, anticyclones bring heat, and in the remaining months - cold. Since the weather changes along a sinusoid, about once every 5-7 days a cyclone replaces an anticyclone and vice versa. In this respect, September in mid-latitudes is no different from the rest of the months. So "Indian summer" is just an anticyclone that has not yet had time to "cool down" by winter.

How trees help
Since the cyclone replaces the anticyclone approximately once a week, why does the Indian summer last longer? It is believed that this is to blame ... fallen leaves.

Indian summer comes to us after the leaf fall begins. Fallen leaves emit additional heat into the atmosphere, which does not allow the soil to cool quickly, and thus delay the Indian summer for another couple of days.

Why Indian Summer Doesn't Last Longer
If in Russia the arrival of Indian summer is traditionally expected by September 14, then in Ukraine, Europe and the USA Indian summer comes much later. In America, "Indian summer" is expected from early October to mid-November, and in Germany - from late September to early November.

By October, the air masses of the Azores anticyclone, which gives us the Indian summer, are weakening. They can no longer cross Europe and reach Russia, because the continental cold comes into force there. But Ukraine and European countries are enjoying the warmth brought from the ocean for several more weeks.

About spiders and cobwebs
In some countries, Indian summer is called "spider summer" or "Maryina yarn". These names are connected with the fact that, due to leaf fall, tree branches are exposed and the previously invisible web becomes visible. Moreover, often cobwebs break from trees and go flying.

Two Indian Summers
Until the middle of the 20th century, it was believed that Indian summer came twice - in late August and mid-September. Many signs were associated with each of them, such as “if there is a lot of netting (autumn cobweb) in the air, then the autumn will be clear and the winter will be cold”
or "Indian summer is dry - autumn is wet."

Kyiv, Ukraine

Ontario, Canada

Austria

Paris, France

New York

Finland

Switzerland

Netherlands

Autumn, "Indian summer..."

About Indian Summer, the poet Fyodor Tyutchev wrote:
“There is a short initial autumn. But a marvelous time. The whole day stands as if crystal and radiant evenings” ...

“And it’s scary that this magical, colorful fairy tale is about to end, it will start to rain and slush, and my intoxicating miracle will go away - Indian summer.”

Photos of autumn in some countries

teacher-speech therapist Zhumagalieva Kalamkas Zholzhanovna,

defectologist Bekbosynova Balzhan Mukhametkalievna

Semey city. KSU "Auxiliary school - boarding school "

L orthopedic uy matinee "What do we know about summer?"

Target: Demonstrate the successes of children achieved during the school year.

Tasks:

1. enrich students with new knowledge about the season of summer.

2. create conditions for the development of visual perception, memory, phonemic hearing, coherent speech.

3. to form positive educational motivation by means of new information technologies.

Equipment: MMP, slides for tasks, split pictures “Vegetables”, “Fruits”, texts of poems, riddles, proverbs about summer, flowers, attributes of the game “Make a bouquet”, “Pour juice into a mug”.

The course of the matinee.

org . moment . Children are seated in their places, the beginning of the holiday is announced. To find out what it will be about, children are invited to guess riddles about the seasons.

Snow on the fields

Ice on the rivers

The blizzard is walking.

When does it happen?

The meadow came to life

The snow is melting

The day is coming.

When does it happen?

empty fields,

Wet earth,

The rain is pouring down

When does it happen?

The sun bakes

linden blossoms,

The rye is ripening

When does it happen?

You guessed 4 seasons. And what is your favorite? (Summer)

So let's check if you are ready for the summer and what you know about it. Let's do a little workout:

Name the summer months.

What month has the longest day and shortest night? (slide 2)

What month is the hottest? (slide 3)

In what month do nuts, apples ripen and the first honey is tasted? (slide 4)

Let's remember the poems about summer.

Summer.(slide 5)

The sun is shining brightly, the air is warm,

And wherever you look

Everything around is light.

They dazzle in the meadow

bright flowers,

covered in gold

Dark sheets.

The forest slumbers: not a sound -

The leaf does not rustle

Only the lark rings in the air.

Summer song. (slide 6)

Summer laughs again

In an open window

And the sun and the light

Full, full, full!

Again panties and t-shirts

They lie on the shore

And the lawns bask

In chamomile snow.

Everything is green and blooming in summer. Flowers bloom here and there. Here is a violet, a cornflower and forget-me-nots - wild flowers, and poets wrote poems about them.

Violet.(slide 7)

On the edge of the sun

The violet blossomed

She gently lifted her purple ears.

She's buried in the grass

Doesn't like to jump ahead.

But everyone will bow to her

And carefully take

Cornflower.(slide 8)

Bloomed in the field

Blue cornflower.

That's how beautiful

Little flower.

Forget-me-nots.(slide 9)

They are visible, invisible

Don't count them!

And who only invented them -

Merry, blue?

Must have been torn off

A piece from the sky

Slightly conjured

And they made a flower.

And here are the daisies sparkling with golden centers.

Chamomile.(slide 10)

golden mean,

And the rays go around, -

It might be a picture:

Is the sun in the blue sky?

No, not the sun on a piece of paper,

Chamomile flower in the meadow.

The game "Make a bouquet."

On the table are two vases and flower petals, on which the names of field and garden flowers are written. Children need to distribute field and garden flowers in two vases.

The game "What is wrong in this forest?" (a picture depicting an unusual forest in which berries and mushrooms are higher than trees and people) (slide 11).

Games for the development of perception: "Make a picture", "Vegetables", "Fruits".

In summer, vegetables and fruits ripen, but which ones are not clear; the summer wind mixed everything up. We need to put everything in its place. Children make up pictures from fragments and name vegetables and fruits.

What is in the vase?

What is on the board?

Lots of berries in summer. And what can be prepared from them? (Cook jam.) Which character from a fairy tale loves jam very much? (Carlson) we will cook cherry jam. What kind of jam will it be? - Cherry. From raspberries? - Raspberry. From strawberry? - Strawberry. From currant? - Currant. (slide 12)

In summer it is very hot and thirsty. What juice will we drink? (pictures depicting juices from plums, tomatoes and apricots) (slide 13). Let's pour juice into glasses - you need to paint over the desired color to the mark according to the instructions. In the summer they go to the disco. Our girls will show you how to do it.

Dance boogie woogie.

The mood has risen, let's sing.

The summary of the holiday. Thank you all for your participation. I hope you enjoyed it and no one got bored.

Summer! Grasshoppers frolic in the bushes. The rays of the summer sun caress the earth. Golden bees are circling above the flowers. Their cheerful song flows in the warm air ...

Summer quiz contains 12 questions. All questions have been answered.

Summer Quiz Maker: Iris Revue

1 question:
The sun bakes
linden blossoms,
The rye is ripening
When does it happen?
Answer: of course, in the summer

2. By what signs can you determine that summer has come?
Answer: Hot weather, long daylight hours, short nights, polyphony of birds, fragrant flowers, poplar fluff, mushrooms, berries…

3. Now I will ask you three riddles about the summer months. And you tell me the answers to them:

Riddle 1
Warm, long, long day.
At noon - a tiny shadow.
An ear blooms in the field,
The grasshopper gives a voice
Ripe strawberries.
What month is it, please?
Answer: June

Riddle 2
Hot, sultry, stuffy day,
Even chickens seek shade.
The mowing of bread has begun,
Time for berries and mushrooms.
His days are the pinnacle of summer.
What, say, for a month is this?
Answer: July

Riddle 3
Maple leaves turned yellow
Flew to the countries of the south
Fast-winged swifts.
What month, please?
Answer: August

4. What songs about summer do you know?
Answer:"Song of Summer" (Authors: Music: E. Krylatov Lyrics: Y. Entin)

Here it is, our summer,
Summer is dressed in bright greenery,
Summer is warmed by the hot sun,
Breathe in summer breeze...

5. Continue the proverb
Prepare the sleigh in the summer, and the cart ... ( winter)
Sitting at home in summer - bread in winter ... ( not have)
Bad summer, since the sun ... ( no)

6. In summer we are often pestered by mosquitoes. Try to guess who is the author of the poem about annoying mosquitoes?

“Everyone was exhausted from the heat.
It's cold in the garden now
But that's how mosquitoes bite
Why don't you run out of the garden!

Marina, younger sister,
Fights mosquitoes.
The stubborn temper of a mosquito
But she is stubborn!”
Answer: Agniya Barto

7. What proverbs do you know about summer?

Answer: What you collect in the summer, you will find on the table in the winter.
Summer for a peasant is father and mother.
Summer day feeds the year.

“It’s all winter… But where is summer?
All winter...
Where is summer?
Animals, birds!
Waiting for an answer!

- Summer, -
The swallow thinks
Coming very soon.
Summer needs to hurry up
And it flies like a bird!
Answer: Boris Zakhoder

9. Question: What fairy tales about summer do you know?
Answer:“The tale about Komar Komarovich - a long nose and about shaggy Misha - a short tail”, author D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak

10. Why is there summer?
Answer: The reason for the change of seasons is the tilt of the axis of rotation of our planet Earth to the plane of its rotation around the Sun.

11. What summer berries do you know?
Answer: Strawberries, strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, cherries

12. Guess the riddle:

"And green and thick
A bush has grown in the garden.
Started to pinch -
They began to cry and sob"

Answer: green onion

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ABSTRACT

Classes for the middle group d / s No. 18

Topic: "Final talk about summer"

Educator: Savelyeva T.V.

Integration of educational areas:"Cognition" (FTsKM), "Communication", "Socialization", "Physical culture", "Safety".
Target: Generalization and expansion of children's knowledge on the topic "Summer".
Tasks:
Educational:
consolidate knowledge about seasonal changes in nature, in the summer, about insects, their structure, habitats, wild berries and mushrooms;
to consolidate the ability to guess riddles, classify clothes according to the season, form adjectives from nouns, independently evaluate their knowledge;
develop communication skills;
improve general motor skills and coordination of movements;
Educational:
develop emotional responsiveness and environmental education;
cultivate respect and love for nature.
Types of children's activities: cognitive - research, communicative, play, perception of fiction, musical perception.
Materials and equipment: an artificial meadow with flowers and insects, a caterpillar, threads for a cocoon, a butterfly in a cocoon, a spider, counting sticks, a poster with drawings of clothes, caps and panama hats, two helium balloons, a panel with flowers and butterflies according to the number of children, ICT: presentations “Where is whose house?”, “Who is superfluous?”, “A walk in the summer forest”, “Check the basket with mushrooms”, a video clip with Kikimora.
Lesson structure.
1. Organizational moment.(The teacher has the sun in his hands) Guys, look, the sun has come to visit us. We enjoy the sun in all seasons. What season is it now? (Spring).
2. Seasons
What other seasons do you know? (Answers of children).
The sequence of the seasons:
Guys, who can make pictures of the seasons in sequence, starting from autumn? (The teacher hangs out a picture of autumn, the wishing child continues the chain.) What season completes the chain? (Summer) We'll talk about him today.
3. Statement of the problem.
Guys, we already talked about summer in class. But the sun wants to know: do we know a lot about summer or not? What do you think? (Answers of children).
Who believes that we know enough about summer, get under the yellow ball. Who thinks that we know little about summer, get under the orange ball. (Children stand under the balls, the teacher counts and asks to go to the chairs).
4. Summer.
To go to the summer we have to choose the right clothes.
D / game "Summer clothes".
Target: Show the ability of children to classify clothes according to the season.
So, summer clothes are chosen. I invite you to a summer meadow. Come on, put on caps, panamas, hats ... (children put on hats).
Tell me, why, going to the summer, we put on hats? (The sun shines brightly in summer, it's hot and without panama hats, the head can overheat and sunstroke can occur).
The teacher praises the children for the correct answer, calls to play the game:
Summer, summer, summer - what color is it?
Come on, tell me, and come on, show me.
Gently - green, like a grasshopper in the grass (they jump like grasshoppers),
Yellow, yellow, like the sand by the rivers (they show the sand and the wave of the river),
Bright, blue, the most beautiful (raise their hands up, spin around themselves),
What a summer.
Is everyone ready to go to summer? (Yes!) Then go. (Soothing music sounds, children approach the prepared clearing and sit around). Children look at flowers, recognize and name them. The teacher praises the children for the correct answers, shows the green soft grass and asks: “Who can live here without being noticed?”. If the guys have difficulty answering, it suggests that these tenants are very small, very tiny. Summing up the children's reasoning, the teacher says that insects are unusual animals, they can hide in the grass so that no one will notice them; interested in what insects do children know? (Fly, bee, mosquito, ant, dragonfly, wasp, ..)
I will give you riddles about insects, and you will guess them and find this insect in the clearing.
black peanut
Not in growth pulls the load. (Ant.)

Conversation for preschoolers "So summer has come"

At the beginning of the lesson, ask the children what seasons they know. (Spring, summer, autumn, winter.) Talk about the signs that characterize the four seasons. How do we know that winter, summer has come? .. Tell the children that at different times of the year the Earth exposes its surface to the sun's rays in different ways. When the sun's rays fall more vertically, directly, the Sun heats hotter. If the rays of the Sun fall on the earth's surface at an angle, then they heat less. This is where the change of seasons comes into play.

Tell us that now you will get acquainted with a wonderful time of the year - summer. Conduct conversations by direction. At the end of the lesson, you can invite the children to draw a portrait of Red Summer.

Hello red summer!

Comes after spring. People, plants, and animals were waiting for him. In summer, the sun is high in the sky during the day, it shines brightly and warms - it gets hot. The day is long, the nights are short and bright. Everything blooms, smiles, rejoices in the warmth. Now you can walk in light clothes and shoes (or even barefoot) and walk for a long time. The water in the pond, river, lake is heated, so in the summer everyone swims and sunbathe with pleasure.

In summer there are thunderstorms and warm showers. The chicks begin to leave the nests and learn to fly. Dragonflies circle over the water, butterflies and bees over the flowers.

Fruits are pouring in the gardens, juicy berries ripen. In the meadows there is a lush carpet of herbs and flowers. A lot of people work in the field, in the meadow and in summer cottages.

Explain the sayings: “Dawn meets dawn in summer”, “In summer the sun is high, and far from morning to evening” (Large daylight hours.) Why do they say: “In summer, every bush will let you spend the night”? (Because summer nights are very warm.)

Invite the children to think about what you can say "summer"? (Rain, day, haymaking, meadow, garden, garden, forest.) "Summer"? (Weather, cloud, thunderstorm.) "Summer"? (Cloud, mood, sun, sky, morning.) Ask them to come up with definitions for the word "summer". What is it? (Sunny, rainy, generous, affectionate...)

Ask the children to think about why they say “summer is red” about this season? "Red" in Russia was called all the most beautiful (red sun, red girl, Red Square). How beautiful is summer? And it is beautiful with golden sunbeams and pearl clouds, silver rains and diamond dews, emerald herbs and seven-colored rainbows. And the countless flowers that bloom at this time of the year.

All fields, meadows in flowers,

Like in colorful scarves.

We love it so much

Our sunny ... (summer).

Rain and dew

Watch the warm summer rain with your children. Hear how he makes noise. See the puddles bubbling. After the rain, pay their attention to how the foliage turned green, how all the blades of grass and flowers sparkle and shimmer in the sun. Tell me that there are drizzling, blind, overflowing, mushroom, spore, striped, oblique, heavy rolling rains and, finally, downpours (downpours).

What is the difference between spore rain and mushroom rain? The word "arguable" means - fast, fast. Spore rain pours steeply, strongly. It usually approaches with an incoming noise. A small mushroom rain sleepily pours from low clouds. The puddles from this rain are always warm. It's like he's whispering. Forest humus and moss absorb it slowly, thoroughly. Therefore, after it, mushrooms begin to grow rapidly.

People say about the blind rain falling in the sun: "The princess is crying." Drops of this rain sparkling in the sun look like large tears.

You can follow the play of light during the rain for a long time, the variety of sounds - from the measured knock on the roof and the liquid ringing through the drainpipe to the continuous intense rumble when the rain pours like a wall.

Remind the children of the morning dew. There is no rain, and the grass and leaves of plants growing near the ground are wet. Let the children run their hands over the grass: their palms will become wet. Previously, peasant children loved to run barefoot in the dew. They thought it was an incomparable pleasure!

On warm summer days, the sun warms the earth well, but at night the air cools. The water vapor in the air settles on the plants, which quickly cool down from the night cold, and turns into small water droplets - dew. Dew does not form on the ground or paths, as they retain the heat of the sun for a long time. In the morning the sun warms the earth again and the dew disappears. People have long noticed that if there is heavy dew and fog in the morning, then this is good weather.

summer thunderstorm

Thunderstorms are frequent in summer. Summer thunderclouds are made up of an infinite number of water droplets charged with electricity. Between two such clouds slips an electric charge of great power. This is lightning. Sometimes lightning occurs between a thundercloud and the ground. Then a tree or a haystack, which was struck by lightning, may catch fire. That is why in a summer thunderstorm one cannot hide from the rain under lonely standing trees. During the discharge of thunderclouds, first we see the flash of lightning, and then we hear the peals of thunder. This is because sound travels slower in air than light. If there is a very long gap between lightning and thunder, then this means that the thunderstorm is going somewhere far away.

Usually it is clear in advance that a thunderstorm is gathering: the sun bakes strongly, moisture accumulates in the air, it becomes quiet and stuffy. On the horizon, a cluster of powerful cumulus clouds is noticeable. They quickly approach and soon occupy the entire sky, which begins to change in a special way and even a special - pre-storm - light is felt. The wind blows in gusts, abruptly changes direction, and then intensifies, raises clouds of dust, plucks leaves and breaks tree branches, and can tear off the roof coverings of houses. Then a wall of heavy rain, sometimes with hail, falls from above from a rising cloud. Lightning flashes, deafening peals of thunder are heard. Dangerous, but very beautiful sight!

Why is a thunderstorm dangerous? First of all, lightning discharge. Lightning can cause a fire. A direct lightning strike can lead to death! Another hazard is strong winds that break tree branches and damage buildings. Trees falling from the wind often damage power lines. Because of them, people can get injured. And finally, a heavy downpour with hail. The hail is destroying the crops. If you do not hide from him in time, then bruises and abrasions cannot be avoided. Tell us about the sizes of hailstones, show them with examples!

rainbow arc

After the rain, when the sun peeps through a thick curtain of clouds, a beautiful seven-color rainbow appears in the sky. She appears where the thunderclouds go. A rainbow is visible as long as raindrops often and evenly fall to the ground. The larger the drops and the more often they fall, the brighter the rainbow.

If necessary, show the children a rainbow and ask them to look at it, name the order of colors. Pay attention to the children that the rainbow lines are in the shape of a semicircle and unequal length. Have the children identify what the rainbow looks like (a bridge). Tell us that in ancient times the rainbow was called that - a bridge thrown in time, connecting heaven and earth. She is painted in seven colors given to her by the rays of the sun. The colors of the rainbow are arranged in a strictly defined order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. These colors make up the white sunbeam, which during rain is refracted in rainwater drops. To remember this sequence, people came up with a sentence in which the first letter of each word is the same as the first letter of the color name: "Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits."

Usually we see a rainbow when the rain has not yet ended, but the sun is shining in the sky. The rainbow can be seen not only in the sky, but also in the fountain, while swimming in the river, when a lot of spray rises. The main thing is that the sun and water "work" together.

In winter, in severe frost, many ice crystals act together with the sun in the same way as drops of water, but the rainbow turns out to be paler. Even the bright light of street lamps on a frosty evening creates a smoky luminous circle around them, in which you can sometimes find faint shades of pink and yellow.

Children love to draw rainbows. Combine topical stories and drawing lessons.