Influence of change of a parallel on health of the person. How does climate affect people? Abrupt climate change, consequences. You will be interested to know about the effect of cold on the human body

Do you know that feeling when outside the window is freezing temperatures, rain, slush or snowfalls and huge snowdrifts - in a word, winter, and you dream of summer?! Perhaps you even put aside most of your salary for a trip, just to wave closer to the equator, where summer is all year round! The very idea of ​​escaping from the depressive cold to the warm sea and crimson sunset looks so tempting! It is understandable, because winter, especially the cold one, lasts so long.

But it is unlikely that you think about how your body will react to a sharp change in climate. But as? This is the question you should ask yourself if you decide to take a winter vacation and plunge into the waves of the warm sea, while your colleagues sigh in concern, wrapping themselves in a large woolen scarf on the way to work.

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So, how to get ready for a carefree winter vacation by the warm sea?

Vacation time matters!

If you are serious about escaping winter, then the first thing you need to consider is that 10 days for your body to fully adapt will not be enough. Namely, for such a period they buy most of the vouchers in the winter season. This time is enough for you to sunbathe or even fry in places, eat fruit and buy souvenirs.

But with all the other charms, the first week will be stressful for your body. And only by the 7th or 8th day will your body adjust to the new climate and begin the healing process. If you cannot afford to take a long vacation, then it is better to choose a country with a smaller climatic difference for your vacation. That is, if you have only 8-10 days to rest, then do not rush to buy a ticket to Goa, Thailand or the Dominican Republic, but prefer the countries of the Balkan Peninsula or Southern Europe to them. Of course, you won’t splash in the sea, but you won’t harm your health either.

What to wear?

Many travelers do not want to burden themselves with an extra load of winter clothes and therefore go to the airport practically in summer clothes. As a result, fertile ground for the "landing" of immunity begins even before entering the plane.

At the airport, you cannot keep warm and dream of a warm blanket that you will be given on the plane. But on charter flights, as a rule, there are not enough blankets, so you will have to chill all the way. And, as for evil, it still pulls from somewhere. When you reach your exotic airport, it may be too late - you will spend your entire vacation with a temperature in the ill-fated hotel room. Therefore, do not spare space for warm clothes, no matter how inconvenient it may seem to you to transport it.

Don't forget the first aid kit

No matter what hot country you fly to, do not forget to take a first aid kit with you. Even if you have been traveling for 10 years in a row, and you have never needed it. "Once a year", as they say, but you yourself know. Make sure your first aid kit contains:

Medicines for food poisoning;

Pills for motion sickness;

Allergy remedies;

Cold medicines, antipyretics;

Means for the treatment of the ears, if an infection gets;

Sunscreens and sunscreens.

Water

Take a couple of bottles of your usual water with you. In the first days upon arrival, try not to drink local water to avoid gastrointestinal upset. Wash vegetables and fruits that you buy in the markets with your own water. So you protect yourself, and your body will spend its energy on acclimatization, and not on bowel treatment.

Start preparing early. A few days before departure, control your drinking regimen. Try to drink as much clean water as an adult should - at least 1.5 liters per day. After all, soon your body will have to lose a lot of fluid. And if you drink enough, then soften the stress.

On-site adaptation

Of course, the body experiences stress upon arrival from a harsh winter to warmer climes. What tips should be adopted to make it easier to adapt?

And again water

Continuing the theme of water, if you want to avoid immune system failure and feel comfortable when you find yourself in a hot country, drink as much water as this formula displays:

X kg x 40 ml = the amount of water you should drink daily.

Alcohol and food

Vacation is exactly the time when we can afford a little extra. So, of course, we think. But our body does not agree with us. Refrain from drinking large amounts of alcohol for at least the first 5 days. Take care of yourself, your body is already under stress.

Eat more fruits, because this is one of the reasons why you wanted to get into the summer. Refrain from questionable and unfamiliar food, from large amounts of meat and fried foods. Gluttony can play a trick on you, and you will not gain strength on vacation, but, on the contrary, leave them here, and then go home to recover.

Time Zones

Consider the moment that with a quick change in time zones, your biorhythms will go astray. Especially if the difference with your time is more than 4 hours. Desynchronosis - as this failure is called - can cause stress, which will further depress your immune system. Have a good rest after arrival and only then proceed to the entertainment program you have planned. Otherwise, it all comes down to one thing: the immune system will not cope with the process of acclimatization and you will only undermine your health.

Homecoming or "rest after rest"

Plan your vacation so that upon arrival you can relax for at least a day or two. Never go back to work. Just like after the flight into the heat, now your body is adapting, only to an aggressive environment. In the first week after a vacation, the risk of catching a cold increases several times. Do not help your body - and the whole vacation, all the sun and sea baths down the drain. Now it is very important to pay special attention to your regimen: eat more fruits, do not overexert yourself, avoid drafts and do not overcool the limbs.

Benefits of winter holidays

We figured out the disadvantages and dangers of a trip to the sea in winter. But what about the pluses? We all know them, let's just refresh our memory.

Sea air will saturate your skin with useful elements, give it elasticity and moisturize it.

Sea salt will be the perfect healing mask for the whole body, which is so tired from the cold winter. Minerals contained in sea water normalize the functioning of the immune system, iodine restores the functioning of the thyroid gland, and negative ions, which are found in excess in the sea, neutralize harmful, positively charged particles.

Sea waves are a natural hydromassage of the body, useful, and most importantly, pleasant muscle training. During swimming, blood circulation improves and blood vessels become toned.

Fresh fruits and vegetables, fresh seafood - all the gastronomic joys will provide the body with the necessary vitamins and minerals for a long time, filling the scarce gaps that the cold winter brings with it.

Rest on the sea is a natural way to relieve all the stresses that have accumulated over a long time. The noise of coastal waves, which is set off by the songs of the wind in narrow gorges and the restless cry of seagulls, is meditation, healing music for our nervous system.

So, we can conclude that a vacation in hot countries in winter is a truly wonderful event that will only benefit you if you approach it wisely. If you do everything right, then you will have only the best memories of your vacation and a truly strengthened immune system that will help you resist viruses for the rest of the hated, dull and cold winter.

When traveling to distant countries, not everyone thinks that it can be fraught with some health complications. Long flights by plane, a sudden change in climate, unusual food and water, a "different" sun with a new degree of ultraviolet radiation can have an adverse effect on the traveler's body.

A change in the state of the body with a sharp change in climate and environmental conditions is commonly called "acclimatization" , which worsens the general well-being. Usually such changes are temporary, while the body gradually adapts to new conditions.

Doctors consider several main factors of climate change that can affect the body:

• air temperature;
• humidity level;
• the level of oxygen in the air;
• daylight hours;
• Timezone (coincidence \ mismatch with the usual belt);
• weather;
• new composition of drinking water;
• new foodstuffs;
• degree of ultraviolet radiation.

How does climate change affect the body?

A tourist who had to move to an area where weather and climatic conditions are very different from those familiar to his body is at risk of facing severe acclimatization. Experts believe that a difference of 10-15º C is significant, but the most dangerous is the arrival in a country where the temperature level is much higher (or lower) than the temperature level to which the body is accustomed.

According to experts, acclimatization represents several adaptive states of the body:

It should be noted that the time of the phase, symptoms and other consequences of climate change are always individual. Most people easily tolerate acclimatization and do not observe any ailments in themselves.

Some may notice a deterioration in general well-being during the first days after flying to another country, others suffer from acclimatization symptoms for more than one week. Doctors cannot answer with precision why all people endure the processes of adaptation of the body to new environmental conditions in different ways.

Perhaps an important role in this is played by:

• age,
• body endurance,
• current state of health
• having a problem with blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases.

How to avoid the effects of climate change?

In order to better endure a sharp change in climate and avoid feeling unwell while traveling to distant countries, you need to follow the recommendations.

Special "equipment"

If you are traveling to a region with a hot climate, provide yourself and your companions with the necessary equipment to help avoid the effects of climate change and hot weather: be sure to bring a hat, sunblock, Panthenol ointment against burns, and a bottle or thermos with water.

When moving to a cold climate (eg Greenland, Iceland) also take care of warm clothes, spare woolen socks, hats and scarves that will save you from wind and cold. A thermos for hot tea will also come in handy.

Refusal of alcohol in the early days

You should not drink alcoholic beverages and try unusual exotic dishes and products in the very first days of your stay in a foreign country. Your body is going through a difficult period after a sharp change in climate, so unusual food and alcohol will become an additional burden for it.

First aid kit always with you

Not only in your suitcase, but also in the hand bag with which you will travel around the city, there should be all the necessary medicines and products that can help in an unexpected situation outside the hotel. If you are planning trips to rainforests, deserts, or other excursions to wild places where there is no civilization nearby, it is important to first familiarize yourself with the possible risks and take with you everything that your guide or instructor advises.

When compiling a list for a "manual" first-aid kit, it is also worth considering that in some countries a number of drugs may be prohibited for use without a doctor's prescription. Check out the list of such medicines before you travel abroad.

How to prepare for a sudden climate change?

Go to the new time in advance, but gradually. If the time zone difference is only 3-5 hours, you can easily afford to change your sleep and wake patterns long before the trip. But it's best to do it gradually. Set an alarm clock for a new time, go to bed earlier (or later), try to eat in the new daily routine too. This will allow the body to quickly switch to a new time zone.

97 percent. It is 97% of climate scientists who fully agree that the warming trend of the climate over the past century is mainly due to human activities. 97% is the equivalent of scientific consensus. In other words, it's a scientific fact. For example: other scientific facts are round and evolution exists. Climate change is a problem for humanity, the environment and animals. This is an urgent problem that urgently needs to be addressed.

What are the signs of climate change?

— Global rise in the temperature of the Earth's surface. Since 2001, 16 of the 17 hottest years have been recorded.
— Noticeable warming of the oceans.
— Melting Arctic sea ice.
- Disappearing ice "landmarks": the snow cover on Mount Kilimanjaro in Japan is steadily melting.
— Sea level rise: Global sea levels have risen by about 20 cm over the past hundred years.
Ocean Acidification: Acidity levels have increased by 30% since the start of the Industrial Revolution.
— Extreme events: there is a sharp increase in the number of destructive weather events.

Climate change and global warming should be a concern for many reasons; the main problems are related to the environment and human health, as well as the issue of survival. So how does climate change affect human health? Here are five serious ones.

1. Allergies and Asthma

The number of asthmatics has doubled since 1980. That's right: the potentially life-threatening condition has doubled dramatically in just four decades. Rising levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and warmer surface temperatures increase the amount of pollen in the air. That is, the number of molecules in pollen that provoke an allergic reaction increases in proportion to the level of CO2.

2. Heat waves

As mentioned, of the hottest 17 years ever recorded on the planet, 16 have been recorded since 2001. The very hot temperatures brought about by climate change are a real threat to human and animal life. By the way, one of the dangerous periods during a heat wave is at night, when living beings are given a "break" from the scorching sunlight, necessary to reduce body temperature and maintain health. However, nighttime temperatures have also risen and it is harder to cool off.

3. Drought

Droughts are long periods without precipitation, and they are constantly increasing in number, intensity, duration and scope (area of ​​impact) around the world. Droughts provoke forest fires that destroy considerable regions of animal and human habitats, and contribute to the spread. All this poses a threat to people and animals, but especially animals, since their existence is completely dependent on water from precipitation and food on the surface.

4. Natural anomalies

Climate change has led to an increasing number of natural disasters: tornadoes, floods, droughts, forest fires - there are more and more of them. During the winter, more rain than snow began to fall in the Northern Hemisphere, and then this precipitation becomes the cause of black ice. As a result, this leads to an increase in accidents, power outages and injuries.

5. Destruction of crops, forests, marine life

As the climate warms, pests and diseases that destroy crops, forests and marine life have become more at ease. For example, they began to climb to heights (mountains) and cover an increasing area of ​​territories, invading previously viable ecosystems. As a result, every living being (animal, plant, tree, flower and fish) is endangered. Among other things, food crops are being destroyed. Perhaps these same pests will witness how homo sapiens, the most intelligent species of living creatures on the planet, slowly but purposefully destroy itself.

To understand that climate is one of the most important factors affecting health, one does not need to be a doctor or a scientist. It is enough to recall how people differ in physiological indicators: endurance, strength, height and weight, features of addition, bone structure, etc. So, the inhabitants of many Asian countries have a special structure of the eyes; northerners have little coloring pigment - they are light-skinned, but Africans have more than enough of it: the structure of the human body is formed precisely by climatic conditions. Yes, and physical health and immunity are largely determined by the local climate. Now it's probably not worth explaining why climate change affects the health of adults and children. Why does acclimatization and adaptation occur when traveling to other continents, countries and even cities.

Now we will focus on what are the symptoms of climate change in humans, how to behave and how to help children adapt to the new climate.

How does it affect well-being

Russians, for the most part, are residents of the temperate zone, but in recent years, when the world has “expanded” for us, it has become fashionable to relax, “jumping” from winter to summer and back: warm countries have ceased to be just an unrealizable dream. Rest in a different temperature zone is quite real.

In an effort to fulfill these dreams and gain new experiences, we rarely think about how the change of time zones and a sharp change in climate affects the health of adults and children: after all, the summer we are “jumping” into does not look much like our Russian one.

The body somehow adapts (and what should it do?), but then you have to return and rebuild again: the shakes are not weak.

How does climate change affect health?

In our time, the health and well-being of most people is affected not only by the climate, but also by a simple change in the weather: before rain or snow, “weather-dependent” people, who are now in a special category, experience malaise, pain in the joints and muscles, pressure drops, etc. d.

Climate is not an abstract concept, but a whole “set” of different components. In addition to air temperature, the level of its humidity, and the amount of oxygen, atmospheric pressure and even air humidity are important. The features of the weather are very significant: for example, a person is used to a shorter daylight hours, but falls into a long one, or vice versa.

UV radiation is also different everywhere: somewhere the sun is hidden by clouds, and its rays glide over the surface of the planet, and somewhere there is a clear sky and a scorching sun from early morning. Climatic factors include both water and food: after all, they are also part of the area, and can vary greatly in composition and degree of digestibility.

acclimatization symptoms

How does the human body react to climate change? When moving to a region with a climate that differs sharply from the climate in the place of residence, acclimatization - as experts call the process of adaptation to environmental conditions - can be very difficult for the body. The state of health can change, and one state is replaced by another.

The main symptoms of climate change

During the first 2-3 days, a person may feel severe weakness, dizziness, nausea; I don’t want to eat - drowsiness overcomes, but sleep “does not go”. After a couple of days, the state changes: increased excitability and even hyperactivity appear, blood circulation increases, and it is generally difficult to fall asleep, although the body gets tired. At the 3rd stage, which can last up to 10 days, physiological functions - metabolism, respiration, digestion, etc. - change, "adjusting" to new conditions. At this time, body temperature may rise, heart rate increases, and immunity decreases, etc.

This pattern of climate change symptoms is not a law. Everything is individual: many people do not complain at all about the difficulties with acclimatization - they just feel a slight weakness in the first days, but there are also a lot of those who have similar problems. Physicians, as often happens, do not give exact answers; perhaps a lot depends on age and general health, endurance, fitness, nervous type, constitution, etc. It is more important for us to know how to avoid these problems, and, as far as possible, maintain good health.

How to deal with climate change

Before traveling to another climate zone, you should know and follow a few rules. They are easy. Prepare for climate change thoroughly: take the clothes and things you really need to protect yourself from the heat (cold).

Form a small first aid kit, and carry it with you at all times - even in your purse. Find out in advance which medications are allowed in the country you are traveling to so you don't run out of medication later. Because finding a pharmacy without knowing the local language is sometimes unrealistic.

You shouldn’t “pounce” on exotic dishes in the first days in order to “have time to try everything”, and it’s better to give up alcohol altogether - at least until you “even out” your well-being: the body already has enough stress.

If you show a little patience in advance and prepare the body for changes, it will thank you: adaptation to climate change will take place quickly and without any problems.

Tune in to a different time zone while you're still at home: gradually learn to go to bed and get up a few hours earlier (later), adding 15-30 minutes daily. Try to change your diet too: shift meals to early morning or late night, if necessary - then upon arrival in another part of the world it will be easier for the body to rebuild. Plan your flight in such a way that you arrive at the place not in the morning, but in the evening, and go to bed: it is better to see the sights in a rested state.

At home, before the trip itself, it is also worth getting enough sleep. Get ready for the trip in advance - do not leave this important matter for the last day.

How to help kids adjust

When planning trips to other countries, special attention should be paid to the adaptation and acclimatization of young children.

It is more difficult for children to adapt to climate change than adults: they react more sharply to any changes, from temperature changes to the composition of drinking water, and the difference in time zones is generally the strongest stress for the child's body. Pediatricians advise getting to vacation spots by a mode of transport that will allow you to get used to time zones gradually - for example, by train or car, if possible. Of course, with trips to warm countries like Thailand, this will not work.

It is better not to go to the humid tropics with kids at all, especially with those who often catch colds and get sick with SARS. Anything is possible, not worth the risk.

If the child is under 3 years old, do not take him with you to distant countries (especially to another hemisphere) for a week or two: immunity, due to acclimatization "back and forth", can be seriously affected - then it will take a long time to restore boring." If you really need to travel with a child, go for a longer period: doctors believe that it is better - for the whole summer, or at least for at least a month.

It is imperative to prepare the child for the change of time: 1-2 weeks before departure, begin to gradually change the time of sleep-wake, and it is better to do this, if possible, with the whole family. Hardening will also help - for healthy children. Let the child walk barefoot (from 5 minutes a day and add the same amount); takes air baths (from 5-10 minutes) - with the windows closed, then open, and then - in the air. An excellent way of hardening is contrast pouring over the legs: here you need to consult a pediatrician. By the way, the doctor can also prescribe a course of vitamins for the baby in order to strengthen the immune system before the upcoming loads.

In another country, do not violate the regime: the child must sleep (at least 8 hours, plus 1-1.5 hours during the day) and eat at the same time - the way he is used to. In hot countries, lunch should be light, not burdening the stomach, and calories can be added at breakfast and dinner. The local cuisine, if it is different from ours, is better for the baby not to try at all; older children can wait 2-3 days with this.