All poems by Daniel Kharms. Summary of the lesson on literary reading on the topic “Independent reading. D. Kharms "Merry old man", "Nebylshchina" "(Grade 2) D harms are funny
Daniel Kharms. Poems for children
Widely known as a children's writer and author of satirical prose. From 1928 to 1941 . he constantly collaborates in children's magazines Ezh, Chizh, Sverchok, Oktyabryata. Kharms publishes about 20 children's books. Poems and prose for children give a kind of outlet for Kharms' playful element, but they were written solely for making money and the author did not attach much importance to them. The attitude of official party criticism towards them was unambiguously negative. In our country for a long time Kharms He was best known as a children's writer. K. Chukovsky and S. Marshak highly valued this hypostasis of his work, even to some extent considered Kharms a forerunner of children's literature. The transition to creativity for children (and the phenomenal success among the children's readership) was due not only to forced external circumstances, but most of all to the fact that children's thinking, not bound by the usual logical schemes, is more inclined to perceive free and arbitrary associations. The neologisms of Kharms resemble words distorted by a child or conscious agrammatisms (“skazka”, “song”, “cheekalatka”, “boots”, “sabochka”, etc.).
Daniil Kharms
Russian literature does not deserve Kharms...
in the Heavenly Office they planned ...
another gift to some Englishmen
Max Fry
The eccentricities of this man began to manifest themselves even at school, when instead of the surname Yuvachev, he took a strange pseudonym for himself - Kharms, which the poet constantly varied. His amazing, bright image was complemented by an outstanding appearance: a top hat, a monocle, an unusual red jacket were his constant attributes. This image once again emphasized Kharms's strongest craving for experiments. The poet considered himself an Oberiut (Union of Real Art), whose goal was to “cleanse the subject from the husk of literary concepts” and look at it with “bare eyes”. The poet created a lot of non-childish poetry. Turning to his biography, we involuntarily ask ourselves the question why, in general, a schizophrenic, a man who had no children and never had love for them, began to write poetry for children? Perhaps it was a severe necessity, dictated by the impossibility of publishing openly, that is, the desire to hide one's poetry under the guise of a "childish" one. Can his poetry be offered to children? The choice is up to parents and teachers. Refer to the work of Kharms yourself, try to understand him, read and ponder his poems. You will definitely find several masterpieces that have rightfully entered the treasury of world children's literature, and you may not want to return to some works of the poet.
His children's poetry is full of surprises, mysterious accidents. Surely you yourself remember "Ivan Ivanovich Samovar", "Plikh and Plyukh". What distinguishes the poetry of Kharms? First, dynamism and movement. Harms himself, of all human activities, he loved walking and running. Without movement, the life of the heroes of his poems is unthinkable: the cat is unhappy because "it sits and cannot take a single step." The movement in his poetry is opposed by "thinking", which turns out to be meaningless in the end. Another interesting thought: all life, reality is an optical illusion, and even glasses and telescopes will not be able to lift the veil of secrecy. A special place in the work of Daniil Kharms is occupied by numbers, their Pythagorean essence. Many of his works are like arithmetic problems or math textbooks ("Million", "Merry Siskins", etc.). Kharms is fascinated by addition: “one hundred cows, two hundred beavers, four hundred and twenty scientific mosquitoes”, the numbers are constructed and bizarrely transformed: forty-four swifts “combine” into apartment 44, etc. In his books you will also find many substances: kerosene, tobacco, boiling water, ink.
But the most important thing in Kharms' poetry in general, and in his work for children, is absurdity, a break with reality, which is directly related to the "minimalism of action." His amazing hero in the poem "What was it?" surprisingly similar to himself: "In galoshes, in a hat and glasses ...". How does Kharms see salvation in a strange cruel world? In charm, in what a person is crowned with, like a hat. Harms himself was well aware of the close connection that exists between charm and harm, which he emphasized in his pseudonym. Today, the theme of useful and charming harm is continued in the children's poetry of Grigory Oster. The roots of "Bad Advice", without a doubt, are in Kharms' verses.
By the way, pay attention to the geographical space of his works:
I walked in the winter along the swamp ...
Suddenly, someone swept along the river ...
What is the most important item in the whimsical world of Kharms? Of course, this is a balloon, followed by people waving household items: sticks, rolls, chairs. They are faithful helpers of a cat in trouble (see the recipe in the poem "Amazing Cat"). Each person must certainly have some kind of kinship with a ball full of air, holiday, life.
On Tuesdays over the pavement
the balloon flew empty.
He hovered quietly in the air
in it someone smoked a pipe,
looked at the squares, the gardens...
Kharms' poems are full of humor and irony, for example, "How Volodya quickly flew downhill", in which we see an endless play of form, which is probably most interesting for children who themselves love to engage in word creation, word and sound games, invent onomatopoeic words. What will even the most inexperienced reader find in his poetry? Simplicity of external form, instantly emerging meanings, dominance of chance. These properties of poetry attracted S.Ya. Marshak, who saw in the detonator Kharms a potential favorite of children.
As mentioned at the beginning, not everyone agrees with S. Marshak. On forums and blogs, worried parents are afraid to read Kharms to their children; some of his poems may even seem bloody. Like, for example, his famous “About how my father shot me a ferret”, in the finale of which there is such a quatrain:
I was glad, I clapped my hands,
I stuffed myself from a ferret,
Stuffed a scarecrow with shavings,
And again he beat his hands.
Schizophrenia, rejection of children gave rise to "black" stories in his work with an innocent, childish beginning. It is unlikely that you will want to read to your child the story "The Cashier" with an innocent beginning "Masha found a mushroom ...", in which the verdant corpse of the cashier sits behind the counter. Or the story "Father and Daughter", with a less touching beginning "Natasha had two candies ...", ends with an account of the sudden deaths, resurrections and funerals of father and daughter.
To acquaint your child or not with the poetry of Daniil Kharms is the choice of every parent. Perhaps this should be done selectively and take into account the age of the child. Then your baby will definitely appreciate the “Amazing Cat”, or “Liar”, or “Merry Old Man”, after all, the poet himself is a child at heart, playing with words, images, rhymes, rhythm. His poetry mixes form and content, words and sounds, resulting in a bizarre meaning based on intricate nonsense.
Very scary story
Eating a bun with butter,
The brothers walked down the alley.
Suddenly on them from a nook
The big dog barked loudly.
Said the younger: "Here's to attack,
He wants to attack us.
So that we do not get into trouble,
We'll throw the bun into the dog's mouth."
Everything ended up great.
The brothers immediately became clear
What's on every walk
You must take with you ... a roll.
Cheerful old man
An old man lived in the world
small stature,
And the old man laughed
Extremely simple:
"Ha ha ha
Yeah hehehe
Hee hee hee
Yes boo-boo!
By-by-by
Yes, be-be-be
ding ding ding
Yes tpyuh-tpyuh!"
Once, seeing a spider,
Terribly frightened.
But, clutching the sides,
Laughed out loud.
"Hee hee hee
Yeah ha ha ha
Ho ho ho
Yes gul-gul!
Gi-gi-gi
Yeah ha-ha-ha
Go Go go
Yes, bull-bull!"
And seeing a dragonfly,
Terribly angry
But from laughter on the grass
And so it fell:
"Gee-gee-gee
Yes gy-gy-gy,
Go Go go
Yes bang bang!
Oh, you guys can't!
Oh guys
Ahah!"
How Volodya quickly flew downhill
On the sleigh Volodya
He flew quickly downhill.
On the hunter Volodya
Flew in full swing.
Here is the hunter
and Volodya
They sit on sleds
They fly quickly downhill.
They flew quickly downhill -
They ran into a dog.
Here is the doggy
And the hunter
and Volodya
They sit on sleds
They fly quickly downhill.
They flew quickly downhill -
They ran into a fox.
Here is a fox
And the doggy
And the hunter
and Volodya
They sit on sleds
They fly quickly downhill.
They flew quickly downhill -
And they ran into a rabbit.
Here is the hare
And the fox
And the doggy
And the hunter
and Volodya
They sit on sleds
They fly quickly downhill.
They flew quickly downhill -
They ran into a bear!
And Volodya from that time
Doesn't roll down the mountain.
ship
A boat is sailing on the river.
He swims from afar.
Four on the boat
A very brave sailor.
They have ears on top
They have long tails
And only cats are afraid of them,
Only cats and cats!
cats
Once upon a path
I was walking to my house.
I look and see: cats
They sit back to me.
I called out: “Hey, you cats!
Come with me
Let's go down the path
Let's go home.
Come on, cats!
And I'm for lunch
From onions and potatoes
I'll make a vinaigrette.
Oh, no! said the cats. -
We will stay here!
Sit down on the path
And they don't go any further.
Very very tasty pie
I wanted to have a ball
And I have guests...
I bought flour, I bought cottage cheese,
Bake crumbly...
Pie, knives and forks here -
But some guests...
I waited until I had the strength
Then a piece...
Then he pulled up a chair and sat down.
And the whole pie in a minute...
When the guests arrived
Even crumbs...
A man came out of the house
A man came out of the house
With club and bag
And on a long journey
And on a long journey
Went on foot.
He walked straight ahead
And looked ahead.
Didn't sleep, didn't drink
Didn't drink, didn't sleep
Didn't sleep, didn't drink, didn't eat.
And then one day at dawn
He entered the dark forest.
And from that time
And from that time
And has since disappeared.
But if somehow
You happen to meet
Then quickly
Then quickly
Tell us quickly.
amazing cat
The unfortunate cat cut its paw -
He sits and cannot take a step.
Hurry to heal the cat's paw
Buy balloons!
And immediately people crowded on the road -
Noises, and screams, and looks at the cat.
And the cat partly walks along the road,
Partly through the air smoothly flies!
Liar
You know?
You know?
You know?
You know?
Well, of course you do!
Clearly you know!
Undoubtedly
Undoubtedly
Surely you know!
Not! Not! Not! Not!
We don't know anything
Didn't hear anything
Didn't hear, didn't see
And we don't know
Nothing!
Do you know what U?
Do you know what PA is?
Do you know what PY is?
What does my dad have
Had forty sons?
There were forty hefty -
And not twenty
And not thirty
Exactly forty sons!
Well! Well! Well! Well!
You're lying! You're lying! You're lying! You're lying!
Another twenty
Another thirty
Well, back and forth
And forty
Roughly forty,
It's just nonsense!
Do you know what SO is?
Do you know what BA is?
Do you know what CI is?
What are empty dogs
Learned to fly?
The birds have learned,
Not like animals
Not like fish
Just like hawks fly!
Well! Well! Well! Well!
You're lying! You're lying! You're lying! You're lying!
Well, like animals
Well, like fish
Well, back and forth
And like hawks
Like birds -
It's just nonsense!
Do you know what is NA?
Do you know what is NOT?
Do you know what BE is?
What's in the sky
instead of the sun
Will there be a wheel soon?
Soon to be golden
Not a plate
Not a cake -
And the big wheel!
Well! Well! Well! Well!
You're lying! You're lying! You're lying! You're lying!
Well, a plate
Well, cake
Well, back and forth
And if the wheel
It's just nonsense!
Do you know what is POD?
Do you know what MO is?
Do you know what REM is?
What's under the ocean
Is the sentry standing with a gun?
Well! Well! Well! Well!
You're lying! You're lying! You're lying! You're lying!
Well, with a club
Well, with a whisk,
Well, back and forth
And with a loaded gun -
It's just nonsense!
Do you know what BEFORE?
Do you know what is NO?
Do you know what SA is?
As for the nose
Not with hands
Not kicking
Can't get it
As for the nose
Not with hands
Not kicking
Do not reach
Don't jump
As for the nose
Don't get it!
Well! Well! Well! Well!
You're lying! You're lying! You're lying! You're lying!
Well, get there
Well, jump
Well, back and forth
And get it with your hands -
This is
Just
Nonsense!
Ivan Toporyshkin
The poodle went with him, jumping over the fence.
Ivan, like a log, fell into the swamp,
And the poodle drowned in the river like an axe.
Ivan Toporyshkin went hunting
With him, the poodle skipped along like an axe.
Ivan fell like a log into the swamp,
And the poodle jumped over the fence in the river.
Ivan Toporyshkin went hunting
With him, the poodle fell into the fence in the river.
Ivan, like a log, jumped over the swamp,
And the poodle jumped onto the axe.
Balloons
Malanina children
little people
The game is played with a subgroup of children. Its content is based on a poem by D. Kharms. The teacher asks the children to think in advance which uncle and which aunt they will portray, then in the process of listening to the text, they offer to play small sketches that reflect certain moods.
Tra-ta-ta, tra-ta-ta
The gates opened
And from there, from the gate,
The little people came out.
One uncle - like this!
Another uncle - like this!
The third uncle is like this!
And the fourth one is like this!
One aunt - like this!
And the second one is like this!
The third aunt is like this!
And the fourth one is...
D. Kharms
The game is played by analogy with the previous one. Children imitating movements convey the content of the folk rhyme that the teacher reads:
At Malania, at the old woman,
Lived in a small hut
seven daughters,
seven sons,
All without eyebrows.
With eyes like that
With ears like that
With such noses
With such a mustache
With such a head
With such a beard...
Didn't eat anything
Sitting all day
They looked at her
They did it like this...
The game is played with a subgroup of children. The teacher invites the children to "turn into balloons." To do this, approaching each child, he imitates the process of inflating balloons, then “twisting” different animals from each “ball” (for example, Sasha becomes a horse, Vika becomes a hare, Olya becomes a monkey, etc.). The teacher invites the children to depict "balloons" flying across the sky, and reads poetry:
Balloons
They fly across the sky.
Balloons
Look like animals.
colorful balls
Very bright, look!
Children strive to convey with movements the features of the shape of their ball. When repeating the game, the teacher changes the shape of the "balls".
The game is played individually or with a subgroup of children. The teacher asks the children to pronounce sentences with different intonations, expressing joy, surprise, fear, anger, sadness, resentment, pleasure, etc. “We are going to the park”, etc.
The teacher divides the children into two teams: one is “spectators”, the other is “animals” from different countries. The teacher in the role of the host of the television program invites the "spectators" to watch the "animals".
Teacher. Dear viewers! We begin the program "In the world of animals." Let's see who lives in hot countries.
In front of you is an Indian elephant. This is a large animal that feeds on leaves. In hot weather, he likes to douse himself with water from his trunk. This gives him a lot of pleasure. He carefully guards his children, and when they are in danger, he comes into a furious, evil state.
A child from the “animals” team depicts an elephant: how he eats, how he pours water, how he rests in hot weather, how he takes care of his baby elephants.
But the monkey is a fast, agile animal. See how she boldly jumps from one tree to another! A long tail helps a lot in this. Pay attention to the cheerful, mischievous disposition of the monkey. She can make everyone laugh, look how! The appearance of predators upsets the monkey: a tiger, a panther, etc. She begins to worry and tries to hide quickly.
Another child imitates the habits of the monkey, the way it moves, etc.
Thus, a variety of animals are represented.
Class: 2 b
Educational system "School of Russia"
Subject: “Independent reading. D. Kharms "Cheerful old man", "Unbelievable"".
Type: lesson of generalization and systematization.
Target: the formation of students' reading independence, reading skills; improvement of diction, skills of analysis of a work of art; development of creative abilities of children; instilling interest in literary creativity, reading children's literature.
Tasks:
Educational: to acquaint with the works of the author D. Kharms "Cheerful old man", "Unfabulous"; learn to predict the content of the work; improve skill consolidate the skill
Developing: develop students' oral speech, imagination, develop thinking: the ability to predict, analyze, generalize, compare, draw conclusions.
Educational: to cultivate interest in children's literature, organization, perseverance, curiosity, diligence, sensitivity towards comrades and their opinion.
Planned results:
Personal:
–
– speech development;
– improvement of diction;
– exercise self-control;
– give self-assessment of the results of the success of their activities;
– the opportunity to develop creative abilities in the classroom;
– development of physical health.
Metasubject:
Cognitive UUD:
– to master the ability to understand the learning task of the lesson;
–
– answer the questions posed;
– generalize their own ideas;
–
Regulatory UUD:
– independently plan and control learning activities in accordance with the goal;
– accept the learning task and follow the instructions of the teacher;
– listen to the interlocutor and conduct a dialogue;
–
Communicative UUD:
–
– enter into verbal communication;
–
–
– control their actions when working in a group;
– be able to negotiate and come to a common joint decision.
Subject:
– predict the content of the work;
– plan the work in the lesson;
– come up with your own questions on the content;
– choose a title in accordance with the content, the main idea;
– distinguish genres of oral folk art.
Equipment : Literary reading. Textbook. Grade 2 Part 1. L. F. Klimanova, L. A. Vinogradskaya, V. G. Goretsky; an exhibition of books and a portrait of D. Kharms; cards (text of speech warm-up); audio recording.
During the classes
Hello guys! Sit down please.– Today I will teach you a lesson in literary reading. My name is Tatyana Valerievna.
– Guys, I will smile at you, and you will smile at me. And we will give a good mood to each other for the whole lesson. I wish you always have a good mood.
– Please put things in order in your workplaces. Check your readiness for the lesson. Are all the necessary items located at your workplaces?
– Well done.
Children stand up to greet the teacher, sit down and take their places.
Children check at their workplaces for the availability of the necessary items.
Personal:
– the internal position of schoolchildren at the level of a positive attitude towards the lessons of literary reading;
– exercise self-control.
Metasubject:
Regulatory UUD:
– carry out step-by-step control independently.
II. Speech warm-up
– We will begin our lesson with you with a speech warm-up. Today we will work with the tongue twister of Elena Blaginina. It is built in the same way as a folk tongue twister. But it is copyright, because it has an author.
– First, I will read the tongue twister to you.
"At Vari on the boulevard
The mittens are gone.
Varya came back
In the evening from the boulevard
And found in my pocket
Mittens Barbarian»
– … please read the tongue twister to us slowly.
– Well done.
– Well done, thanks.
– With an intonation of surprise, he will read to us ...
– Well done!
– Guys, what sounds are repeated in this tongue twister?
Children listen to the tongue twister.
Children take turns reading.
– Sounds [v], and [p].
Personal:
– speech development;
– improvement of diction;
– exercise self-control.
III. Updating of basic knowledge and methods of action
– Now let's think about the task that you did at home.
– What were you asked?
– Correctly!
– …please read what you have prepared.
– …what have you prepared?
– Okay, well done.
Students read what they have prepared for the lesson (funny poems, fables, shifters).
Metasubject:
Cognitive UUD:
– extract known knowledge and skills from the content of the lesson;
– answer the questions posed.
Subject:
– distinguish genres of oral folk art.
IV. Integrated application and systematization of knowledge
IV. I. Dynamic pause
Work on the topic of the lesson
– Guys, the topic of our lesson is: “Independent reading. Daniil Ivanovich Kharms "Cheerful old man", "Unbelievable"".
– Open your textbooks to page 102.
– Who will read the title of the poem?
– Well thank you.
– Guys, look at the illustration for the poem. What do you think it is about?
– What do you think?
– …What can you say about the content of the poem by looking at the illustrations to it?
– Okay, well done.
– And now we will listen to an audio recording of the poem "The Cheerful Old Man."
The audio recording of the song "Cheerful old man" sounds.
– Guys, what impression did the poem make on you?
– Good. What will ... tell us?
– Read the poem again, on your own. And show your readiness with your eyes.
– Fine. Now we ... read the poem aloud. Please start.
– …please read again.
– Did you like this piece? Why?
–
– H
– Guys, why was the old man cheerful?
– Guys, think over and ask questions about the content of the poem.
– Can this poem be called fiction?
– Why do you think so? (Fiction oran unheard of - a genre of oral folk art, a prose or poetic narrative of a small volume, as a rule, of a comic content, the plot of which is based on the image of a deliberately distorted reality).
– And what do you think, …?
– How do we think...?
– Guys, now we will have a little rest and we will have a little warm-up. Rise from the chairs, become free, legs wide apart, and repeat after me.
« A is the beginning of the alphabet,
That's what she's famous for.
And it's easy to find out:
Legs set wide
– Let's repeat our warm-up, speed up the pace a bit.
– Well done! Please take your seats.
– Warm up? Then let's continue our lesson. Guys, what do you know about the author of poems, Daniil Ivanovich Kharms?
– I'll tell you.
Teacher material
Daniil Ivanovich Kharms (Yuvachev) (1905-1942) - poet, prose writer, playwright, children's writer.
Born in St. Petersburg in the family of a nobleman-Narodnaya Volya. The future poet spoke and read German and English fluently. He was educated at an educational institution in St. Petersburg, where teaching was conducted in foreign languages.
In his youth, the poet was attracted by such human qualities as charm, charm. And in 1922 he subscribed to Charms' humorous poem. Gradually, the pseudonym Kharms was fixed.
In the mid 1920s. D. Kharms and his friends - Alexander Vvedensky, Yuri Vladimirov, Nikolai Zabolotsky - united in the OBERIU literary and poetic group. It stood for "Unification of Real Art".
Poets were often asked: why is the letter U at the end? "Because, because it ends in U!" they answered. For fun. All members of this group considered themselves jesters, and their poetry was jester's. They composed fables, counting rhymes, invented new words, wrote meaningless poems, experimented. This group of poets made the magazines "Chizh" and "Ezh" the most popular in those years.
– Guys, now we will read a poem by Daniil Ivanovich on page 103.
– Tell me what it's called?
– Correctly.
– First, I will read a poem to you, and you listen carefully and follow the text.
– Now read the poem to yourself. And show your readiness with your eyes.
– Have you read? ..., please read the poem aloud.
– Thank you, well done.
– And ... now he will read to us in such a way as to convey, when reading, surprise from the unexpectedness of what is happening. Please start.
– Well done.
– Guys, how do you understand the meaning of the wordtall tale ?
– What do you think...?
– What do you think?
– Good.
– Guys, what's so special about it? What can be said in this poem?
– Guys, did you like this piece?
– How?
– What lines made you laugh?
– Guys, nname the main characters of the poem.
– That's right, well done!
Children open the textbook on page 102, read the title of the poem.
Children's answersD. Kharms).
The children look at the picture.
Children's answers according to the content.
Listening to an audio recording.
Children's answers.
Children read a poem.
Well prepared students read.
Children's answers.
Children's answers(Cheerful old man, spider, dragonfly).
Children's answers(Because he laughed).
Children's questions.
Children's answers(Yes).
Children's answersBecause the poem is of small volume and comic content).
Children should stand with their feet wide apart:
Hands on the belt
hands on shoulders
hands up,
two cottons.
The pace is accelerating.
Children are seated in their workplaces.
Children's answers.
Children listen to the story.
Children's answers("The Never-Being").
… reads the poem aloud.
… reads the poem aloud.
Children's answers.
Children's answers.
Children's answers(Bear, pig, piglets).
Metasubject:
Cognitive UUD:
– to master the ability to understand the learning task of the lesson.
Regulatory UUD:
– accept the learning task and follow the instructions of the teacher.
Communicative UUD:
– understand the essence and content of the questions raised;
– observe the rules of courtesy in communication;
– to allow the existence of different points of view;
Subject:
– come up with your own content questions.
Personal:
– development of physical health;
– exercise self-control.
V. Verification, correction and evaluation of knowledge and methods of activity.
– Guys, and now we will have a small creative task. Try to compose a small poem with a neighbor on your desk, similar to "The Never-Being", replacing one or two heroes in it.
– Happened? Please read how your poem came out.
– Well done, you did a great job!
Children try to compose a short essay.
Two or three students read the resulting poems.
Personal:
– the opportunity to develop creativity in the classroom.
Metasubject:
Regulatory UUD:
– listen to the interlocutor and conduct a dialogue.
Communicative UUD:
– enter into verbal communication;
– be able to negotiate and come to a common joint decision;
– control their actions when working in a group.
Subject:
– choose a title in accordance with the content, the main idea.
VI. Summing up the lesson
– Guys, let's remember which poet's poems sounded in today's lesson?
– Where can they be found?
– What poems did you meet today, guys?
– Okay, well done.
Children's answersDaniil Ivanovich Kharms ).
Children's answers(In books, in magazines).
Children's answers("Merry Old Man", "Unbelievable").
Metasubject:
Cognitive UUD:
– generalize your ideas.
VII. Homework Information
– Guys, now let's write down our homework. Open your diaries. Your task will be: to prepare for the expressive reading of the poems "The Cheerful Old Man" and "The Unbelievable"; and also find other poems by Daniil Ivanovich Kharms in magazines or books and get ready to read them in class.
– All recorded? Well done. You can close your diaries.
Children open their diaries and write down their homework.
Personal:
– exercise self-control.
Metasubject:
Cognitive UUD:
– use the information received in the lessons in everyday life.
VIII. Reflection of educational activity
– Guys, what would you praise yourself for today?
– What did you do especially well in class?
– Guys, pay attention, you, everyone, have signals on the tables, two small pictures each - cheerful and sad emoticons. If you liked everything in the lesson, and you coped with everything, then show a funny emoticon. If you think that you failed something, then show a sad emoticon.
– Think a little, remember what you did in the lesson today and decide.
– Ready? Show.
– Okay, well done.
– What did you like?
– And you?
– What did you do?
– What do you think you couldn't handle?
– And you?
– Good. Well done!
– Today you actively worked at the lesson and showed your initiative. Well done boys!
– Our lesson has come to an end. I thank everyone for their work in the lesson.
– Stand up please. The lesson is over. Goodbye.
Children's answers.
Showing signals to children.
Children's answers.
Personal:
– give self-assessment of the results of the success of their activities.
Metasubject:
Regulatory UUD:
– evaluate your achievements in the classroom.
Daniel was baptized on January 5 (18), 1906 in the church of the Cathedral of the Most Holy Theotokos at the "Refuge of the Princess of Oldenburg". The godparents were his uncle Pyotr Pavlovich Yuvachev and aunt Natalya Ivanovna (sister of Nadezhda Ivanovna).
Daniil's father was constantly traveling on official business, and followed the upbringing of his son mainly in letters that he regularly exchanged with his wife. Thus, the voice of the father was constantly heard, which created, as one might suppose, a rather fantastic effect of a visible absence with a constant feeling of participation in real life. The father became for Kharms a kind of higher being, respect for which, according to the stories of contemporaries, was embodied, for example, in the fact that the son, until the end of his father's life, got up in his presence and talked to his father only while standing. It can be assumed that the “gray-haired old man” in glasses and with a book, who appears in several texts by Kharms, was inspired by the appearance of his father.
From these letters one can get some idea of how Daniel grew up and was brought up. In one of the letters, Nadezhda Ivanovna writes to her husband: “Today we received 3 of your letters, from 10 and 11, and a postcard. Danyuk is delighted, he wears this letter all the time and reads it to everyone, but no one understands anything. June 16, 1910: "Danya tells everyone that his dad is a student and teaches gymnastics, where he got it from, it is not known, in general he lies a lot."
Quite early, Daniel got acquainted with Orthodox symbols. On February 4, 1907, his mother writes: “He learned to be baptized and everyone is baptized and bows,” and on October 22, 1910: “Today was a prayer service. Danila stood all the time, praying, and when he bowed to the ground, he folded his hands on the floor the way you do it, and made sure that everyone did the same.
The father in letters gave advice on raising his son. He himself was an ascetic, ate very modestly, did not like any excesses and was usually content with the smallest. He also advised his son to be brought up in strictness, but the mother did not try very hard to follow these instructions. She loved Danya very much and often spoiled him.
Danya was a capable child. He learned to read very early (he was not yet five years old). In a letter to her husband dated October 18, 1910, Nadezhda Ivanovna says that her son “is terribly busy with books, now this interests him most of all, but I don’t allow him to read a lot, otherwise he talks everything in his sleep at night if he reads a lot. He rolls whole stories by heart.
On November 1, 1910, she continues this theme: “Danilka is terribly fond of books again and even asks me not to give him anything for his name day, except for books.” Perhaps that is why in 1912 she answered Ivan Pavlovich to his wishes to develop his son more intensively: “There is nothing to develop Danya, he is too developed for his age. He studies beautifully, with such attention, he won’t raise his eyes while the lesson is in progress, on anything that does not relate to the lesson, so what else do you want from him?
In a letter to her husband dated June 27, 1911, Nadezhda Ivanovna reports that her son "constructs some kind of machines, water pipes all the time, his fantasy is so played out that he endlessly tells what kind of machine he has built for." Probably, Yuvachev-Kharms's love for the creation of “structures” that had no obvious applied meaning, which many memoirists who knew him later wrote about, was laid down precisely in the first decade of his life.
Daniel received a good home education. He was taught German by a German teacher, and his father taught him English. In 1912, that is, at the age of six, he not only read freely, but also wrote, and, as his mother noted, "very competently." In 1915, he entered the first class of a real school (Nevsky Prospekt, 22a), which was part of the Main German School of St. Peter in Petrograd (Petrishule or in German - St. Petrischule). He was a diligent student, although later classmates recalled his love for practical jokes: either he played the French horn during lessons (!), then he begged the teacher not to give him a deuce, portraying an “orphan”, etc. In the first years of his studies in a real school there is also the first evidence that Daniel tried to write something independent. His aunt Natalya Ivanovna Kolyubakina, in a letter dated March 3, 1916, says that "Danila is sitting next to me and writing some kind of fairy tale for Natasha - a work of her own imagination."
The Revolution and the Civil War changed the way of the family. Hunger, devastation and disease began in Petrograd, school was over. At first, the Yuvachevs still tried to continue teaching their son at home. But in 1918, when it became clear that it was no longer about education, but about saving lives, the parents took their son to the Khvalynsky district of the Saratov province, to the relatives of Nadezhda Ivanovna.
In 1919, they return, and Daniil spends the summer in Detskoye Selo (as Tsarskoye Selo became known after the revolution) with Natalya Ivanovna Kolyubakina, his aunt and godmother.
In January 1920, his mother went to work - she became a housekeeper at the Barachnaya Hospital. S.P. Botkin, a little later, 14-year-old Daniil was placed there. From August 13, 1920 to August 15, 1921, he was listed as an "fitter's assistant" in the same hospital.
In 1920, the Yuvachev family settled in the building of the former hospital laundry at the address: Mirgorodskaya street, 3/4, apt. 25, where they lived until the end of 1925. My father continued to serve "on the financial side": after February 1917, he worked as a senior auditor of the State Savings Banks, and after October - a senior inspector of the Central Budgetary and Accounting Department of the People's Commissariat of Finance. In 1923-1924, he was already the head of the accounting department of the working committee for the construction of the Volkhov hydroelectric power station.
Around 1921-1922, Daniil Yuvachev chose the pseudonym "Kharms" for himself, which gradually "grown" to him so much that it became part of the surname. In the 1930s, when all Soviet citizens were given passports, he hyphenated the second part of his last name in the passport, so it turned out “Yuvachev-Kharms”.
In the future, Kharms signed with other names. (More in the article "Kharms Aliases")