The red howler is a deafening primate. The loudest monkey. Howler Howler Presentation on the theme of a red howler
The red howler belongs to the primates of South America. The red howler received its specific name for the deafening morning cry, which spreads at a speed of one to two kilometers per hour.
External signs of a red howler
Males of the red howler monkey have a body length of 49-72 centimeters, weight - 5.2 - 7.0 kilograms, females are 46-57 cm long and weigh 4.1 - 5.0 kg. The tail is long - 51-73 cm, on the underside it is a third naked, it performs a grasping function.
The color of the coat is red-brown or reddish-brown. The fur is long and soft, like silk. The neck is thick. The muzzle is devoid of hair, but with a coat along the edges. The tip of the nose is raised. The lower jaw protrudes forward, adapted for grinding coarse plant foods.
Developed jaws, enlarged larynx and sublingual apparatus contribute to the work of the resonator. Enlarged and highly specialized vocal cords allow the red howler monkey to produce loud howls, grunts, growls and barks. The upper molars are sharp, necessary for the thorough grinding of branches and leaves.
The salivary glands are large, secrete saliva with enzymes that break down the tannins of the leaves, facilitating digestion in the stomach and intestines. The intestine makes up about 1/3 of the body.
Distribution of the rufous howler
Red howler is distributed in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia. Found in Peru, French Guiana. Inhabits Suriname, Venezuela, Ecuador.
Habitat of the red howler
The red howler lives in rainy tropical and dry deciduous forests, as well as in mountain forests. Inhabits woodlands near rivers, mangroves, wetlands, woodlands in llanos.
Feeding the red howler
The red howler monkey feeds on leaves, unripe fruits, moss, bark, nuts, and flowers. The diet includes about 195 plant species from 47 families. Such food is not too high in calories, as it contains a lot of fiber, so the body receives little energy.
The red howler also feeds on insects and their larvae, sometimes catching small mammals.
Bacteria live in the digestive system of the primate, they help to absorb coarse plant food, consisting of cellulose.
Sometimes monkeys eat only leaves for a long time, but their body is not deficient in microelements and nutrients. The red howler monkey disperses the seeds of 95% of plant species in the rainforest ecosystem.
Features of the behavior of the red howler
Red howler monkeys are sedentary inhabitants of the forest and spend most of their lives on trees. They prefer to stay in the center of the upper storey, although they can inhabit all levels of the rainforest, and may even climb down to cover the short distances between trees on the ground.
Red howler monkeys sleep for 15 hours, 70% of the time they lie on tree trunks. At dawn, the monkeys make loud calls, so they communicate with other flocks, determining the location of other relatives and their numbers.
The group usually contains up to 10 individuals, led by an experienced male.
At the same time, conflicts for leadership constantly arise in the pack. Therefore, young males leave the group to collect their flock. Sometimes young howler monkeys try to take a dominant position in the pack, while they destroy competitors - other young males. Of course, the females protect them, but only a quarter of the cubs survive.
Red howler monkeys are active in the morning and evening. They move along branches with the help of limbs and tail, using it for balance and pulling branches with fruits. During the rainy season, red howler monkeys sit motionless in the trees, waiting for the end of the rain.
Reproduction of the red howler
Red howler monkeys breed throughout the year. Pairs form before the breeding season. The female tries to attract the male with peculiar movements of the pelvis, the male, ready for mating, answers the call. She bears one cub of 7 months, after the appearance of his weight is only 263 grams. After birth, he clings to his mother's fur and moves with her in a hanging position, then crawls onto his back.
Feeding milk can be delayed for 1.5 - 2 years. At the age of one year, a young howler is able to cling to branches with its tail. The newborn is often also raised by other females without cubs. The interval between annual births is 16.6 months, if the cub dies, then the female gives birth to a second one. Young females are able to give birth at the age of 5 years, males later, reaching 7 years. In nature, red howler monkeys live for about 15 years, in captivity longer - twenty-five years.
There is always one cub in the litter. The mother can feed him up to 2 years. Conservation status of the rufous howler
The red howler is a fairly common species of primates. In the forests of Brazil, it is abundant, but in other places the number of the species is declining due to habitat destruction. In addition, animals are caught for sale and shot for meat. The conservation status of the rufous howler is the species of least concern.
And you will hear a loud growling sound, do not rush to run away, perhaps it is a howler monkey. This is a small stocky animal, its body length is from 40 to 70 centimeters, and its body weight is only 6-8 kilograms. With such a small size, the roar of a monkey is heard for many kilometers. The most famous species of howler monkeys are the red howler and the Central American howler, the latter having a black coat color.
Howlers for "singing"With these calls, monkeys communicate with their relatives and lure females, so they report their location. The monkey is active during the day, eats plant foods, leaves of trees or fruits. Howler is resting 75%, and the rest of the time looking for food. In the rich forests of South America, finding delicious fruits is not difficult.
Howler monkeys live in groups. They are tree monkeys, which means that they rarely descend to the ground. They live in the upper tier of the forest. The long tail helps the animal very well to move from branch to branch. Nests, as they do not build, prefer to spend the night directly on the "naked" tree.
Red howler monkeys
During the mating season, the female lures the male with dances and displays swollen labia. After a while, a baby is born, it weighs only 500 grams. The cub stays with the mother for up to six months, after which the mother tries to spend less time with him. By the year, the howler is already completely independent.
Scientists have recently made a discovery. They learned that the louder the howler screamed, the smaller his testicles. This is due to the fact that the contribution of resources to the development of a powerful roar and related organs during the growth of the young does not leave energy for the development of large genital organs. On the other hand, it may be that powerful ligaments and a throat are so effective in driving away other males and attracting females that their owners do not need to acquire large testicles.
howler monkey(Aloautta senikulus) is monkeys with wide noses, belong to the family arachnids. This species of monkeys has gained fame as a natural alarm clock, its roar can be heard in the early morning at the same time. The look of howler monkeys is too good-natured, it is impossible to look at them without a smile.
Penetrating, almost human eyes, as if penetrating into the depths of the soul. It seems that the animal understands the interlocutor without a single word. They are suitable for home maintenance, but they feel slighted and often simply grieve. Better if howler monkey will live in a flock a full life, and not in a cage.
Features and habitat of the howler monkey
howler monkey- one of the largest monkeys in Brazil. She got her name from the heart-rending cry which can be heard for miles around. Depending on the habitat, wool can acquire a red, light or dark brown, black color.
There is no hair on the muzzle, the jaw is rather wide, pushed forward a little. The primate has impressive fangs that allow you to get coconuts and drink milk or juice.
The lower part of the muzzle is framed by a neat beard. Each paw has five tenacious claws. The end of the tail is bald due to its frequent use, combs and patterned patterns are found along the entire length.
Most of all they love to sit on a branch and play loud parts. Thus, plunging the listener into shock, and signaling to relatives about their territory.
The most numerous species howler monkey- This is Central American (lives in the north of South America and Mexico) and red (Guiana and Venezuela). The body length ranges from 40 to 70 cm, the tail is 50-75 cm long and weighs about 10 kg.
The entire body is covered with thick, shiny hair. The color may be reddish, sometimes turning into black. Males often have a beard, which they like to stroke, as if thinking. Females are slightly smaller than males.
Special howler monkey cry due to the presence of throat pouches. They collect saliva and air, when you inhale they mix, and when you exhale, you get a piercing roar. Something similar to natural resonators.
The nature and lifestyle of the howler monkey
howler monkey by nature a calm animal, active in the sunny time of the day. Their daily worries are to bypass the territory, and latently you can refresh yourself with delicious food. At night they fully sleep, but some males do not stop screaming at night. Primates live in family communities that number from 15 to 17 individuals.
Male howler monkeys have a beard
In the group there is always one dominant male and his deputy, they have several females at their disposal. The lady herself lets know about the readiness for intercourse. If the main male is not ready, then she switches to an assistant.
It is the roar of the males howler monkeys make it clear that this is their territory. Yet there is no clear division, often between the heads of groups there are battles. In such unequal fights, many males die.
Sometimes fights occur due to the fact that the female paid attention to the male from the neighboring group. Fights are very tough, and the winner always finishes off the victim.
Scientists have also traced a tempting relationship between the amount of sound and the size of the primate's genitals. If the animal bawls for a long time, then this only speaks of not very special abilities, like a male. And with a constant roar, he once again calls the female.
howler monkey food
Basic diet howler monkey- these are deciduous greens of trees, flowers, fruits, fruits, young buds and shoots. Sometimes you can see how the primate stuffs soil into its mouth.
By this he tries to neutralize the poisonous property of some plants. Ground minerals collect toxic substances and, without causing harm, are excreted from the body. Since these are vegetarians, and plant foods do not provide much energy, they do not travel long distances.
All the power is saved for everyday concerts. You can watch how they make micro holes in the tree trunk and suck out the juice, rich in substances (nutrients), vitamins and microelements.
Howler Monkey Reproduction and Lifespan
After mating, the female leads a slightly secluded lifestyle, she tries to protect herself as much as possible. Carries a fetus for 190 days, there are rarely twins.
Pictured is a baby howler monkey
Immediately after birth, the baby clings to the mother's fur and literally lives on it. The mature cub is still in no hurry to leave the parent and can accompany her from 18 to 24 months.
The female feeds the baby with breast milk, she is an excellent mother - caring and attentive. If the baby was absent for a short time, then the parent constantly calls to him in common.
When the cub reaches puberty, the mother resorts to aggression to drive it away. The sight is not pleasant, as the monkey is constantly striving to return, you can even see tears.
Often young males howler monkey are simply expelled from their home group so that there is no incest. It is also not uncommon for young animals to die in violent fights.
The life span of the black howler in natural conditions reaches from 15 to 20 years. In captivity, there were cases when the primate lived to three dozen. Each howler monkey photo attracts with its magnetism. It is the intelligent look of almost human eyes. Facial expressions, movements, reaction to words and sounds - all this only proves once again that they are our distant relatives.
Primates express their favorable attitude and love by stroking their long tail. They use it in courtship and as a care for a mischievous baby. A delightful sight is a row of multi-colored howler monkeys, with open mouths, giving a morning concert.
Howler monkeys (Aloautta) - a genus that includes representatives of broad-nosed monkeys belonging to the large family of arachnids (Atelidae). Such bright and unusual representatives of the class Mammals and the order Primates are capable of making very loud roaring sounds, which is the reason for their original name.
Description of howler monkeys
A stocky and large mammal, the animal has an extraordinary appearance and a loud voice, thanks to which it has earned very great popularity among people. The genus Revuna now includes fifteen species and several subspecies that have several differences in appearance.
Appearance
The body of the howler monkey is quite large in size. The body length of adult males reaches 62-63 cm, and females - in the range of 46-60 cm. The tail is grasping and incredibly strong, and the total length of the tail of an adult male is approximately 60-70 cm. varies within 55-66 cm. An adult animal has a very impressive weight: the weight of a male is 5-10 kg, and a mature female is in the range of 3-8 kg.
A feature of the appearance of the howler is the presence of noticeably close nostrils and large thirty-six teeth, which give the mammal some fearlessness and even ferocity. The jaw of the primate is quite wide and slightly extended forward, and the impressive fangs allow such an animal to quickly get coconuts for themselves, and also easily drink milk from them.
It is interesting! The sexually mature male howler has a long beard, characteristically distinguishing him from the female, and areas completely devoid of hair are represented by ears, face, palms and feet.
The most popular Colombian howler monkeys are usually black in color, and on the sides of the body there is a golden-red long hair, reminiscent of a noble mantle. The end of the grasping tail is distinguished by the presence of a characteristic bald patch, which is used by the howler monkey to capture and hold food. Along the entire length of the tail there are patterned patterns or peculiar combs. Each paw of a mammal is equipped with five tenacious claws.
Character and lifestyle
Howler is one of the largest in Brazil. Such a primate is a magnificent acrobat, and the incredibly mobile and well-developed tail part is regularly used by the monkey as a fifth paw. By nature, all howler monkeys are calm mammals that remain active only during daylight hours.
The list of usual daily chores includes walking around their own territory, as well as feeding. Only with the onset of the dark time of the day do the howler monkeys prefer to go to bed, but some males do not stop screaming loudly and intimidatingly even at night.
It is interesting! Sometimes the reason for bloody fights is the signs of attention that the female bestows on the opposite sex belonging to the neighboring group, and the fights between males are extremely tough, while the winner necessarily finishes off his victim.
Primates in the wild are united in a kind of family communities, which include, as a rule, from fifteen to seventeen individuals. Within each such group there is always a dominant male, as well as his deputy and several females.
It is with a loud roar that the howler male announces the boundaries of his entire territory, but the lack of a clear division of the site often causes battles between several groups. It is in such fights that many males die.
How long do howler monkeys live
The average life expectancy of the loudest and most impressive monkey is about twenty years.
Range, habitats
The little-studied red-handed howler (Alouatta belzebul) is endemic to Brazil, found in the southeastern part of the Amazon and in the coastal forest zones between Sergipe and Rio Grande do Norte. The black howler (Alouatta caraya) is found in the northeastern part of Argentina, in the eastern territories of Bolivia, in the east and south of Brazil or in Paraguay, and along with the brown howler, this species is categorized as the southernmost of all representatives of the numerous genus.
The Guyanese howler (Alouatta macconnelli), relatively recently identified as a separate species, is found throughout the Guiana Highlands, north of the Amazon, east of the Rio Negro and south of the Orinoco, and its habitat may also extend further south from the Amazon, in the areas between the Madeira and Tapajos rivers.
It is interesting! The Coiba howler (Alouatta coibensis) is represented by two subspecies and is endemic to Panama, and the Brown howler (Alouatta guariba) lives mainly in forest areas in southeastern Brazil, and is also found in northeastern Argentina.
Representatives of the species Amazonian howler (Alouatta nigerrima) some time ago were considered a subspecies of the red-handed howler. They live in territories belonging to central Brazil. The Bolivian Howler (Alouatta sara) lives in northern and central Bolivia, up to the borders with Peru and Brazil. The Central American Howler (Alouatta pigra) is found in the rainforest zones of Belize, Mexico and Guatemala. Red, or red howler (Alouatta seniculus) is a very typical inhabitant of territories stretching from the Amazon to Colombia, from central Bolivia to Ecuador.
Diet of howler monkeys
The standard diet of the red howler is represented by peanuts, tree foliage, various seeds, numerous fruits and flowers. The digestive tract of such a large primate is very well adapted to the digestion of fairly coarse food of plant origin.
It is quite long and developed, and also contains a certain amount of special bacteria that help digest solid food. Sometimes insects are included in the diet of howler monkeys.
Did you know that the noisiest primate is the howler monkey? The Colombian and loud-voiced representative of these animals more than once terrified the conquistadors.
Ecuador, Guatela, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia, Costa Rica - in these territories you can get acquainted with an unusual representative of primates - the Colombian howler. A stocky large animal belongs to the family of capuchins or chain-tailed monkeys. With its extraordinary appearance, the howler earned great popularity, which, however, did not save him from the risk of extinction. Today, the monkey needs human protection and help.
Howler's appearance
The body of the monkey is quite large: in males, the body length reaches 63 cm, and in females - 46-60 cm. The tail is grasping and strong, has a length of 60-70 cm in males, and 55-66 cm in females. The weight of the animal is also impressive: males weigh 5-10 kg, and females - 3-8 kg. Contiguous nostrils and large thirty-six teeth give the animal ferocity. The Colombian howler is usually black in color, on both sides of the body, like a mantle, long golden-red hair grows.
At the end of the prehensile tail there is a bald spot, which the monkey uses to capture food. In adult males, the color of the scrotum changes from black to white. Males have a long beard, which distinguishes them from females. The hairless areas are the ears, face, palms and feet.
Howler is one of the most harmless monkeys for humans. They are not only afraid of people. Very rarely do they descend from tall trees at all. Howler - the noisiest primate
Yes, yes, as you might have guessed - the howler got its name for a reason. This animal is famous for its long and loud roar. The howler usually makes noise in the morning and after dinner. The initiators of the cry are males, and females usually pick up the desire of male howlers.
Listen to the voice of the howler monkey
With their noise, animals “communicate” with their relatives, informing those of their location. For a loud voice, howler monkeys should be grateful for their throat bone, which allows them to be heard at a distance of up to three kilometers.
Where does the loud-voiced howler live?
The place of residence of these singers is a wooded area of different heights. Low-lying and mountainous rain regions are no exception. Recently, a mass migration of monkeys to coffee plantations has been recorded, namely, to the southern part of Mexico.
What does the howler eat
The diet of these animals is quite diverse: from flowers to large snakes. They also prefer mammals, birds and insects. During wet seasons, howler monkeys will not refuse fruit. On the day, the animal can eat several leaves, plant shoots and fruits. Their stomach is designed in such a way as to process cellulose correctly and quickly. Thanks to this, the animal can eat only foliage and flowers for weeks, while the body will not lack trace elements.
Lifestyle of noisy primates
“Choral” singing is started by males, and after that females also pick up the general singing. As you know, howler monkeys are active during the daytime. They spend most of their time in trees. A monkey spends up to 75% of its time on rest. The rest of the time howler monkeys devote to feeding. In dry seasons, animals make transitions and migrations. This is mainly due to a decrease in food sources. The tail helps them to move and move through the trees, they also grab food with it. They live in groups or families, do not build nests, preferring to live directly on the branches of the upper tier. They do not like to go down to the ground, they are afraid to swim.
Seeing a howler on the ground is a very rare sight. Reproduction of howler monkeys
When the female's vaginal lips turn red, the males know it's breeding time. In the middle of this period, mating occurs. The female attracts her man with a rhythmic mating dance. The female gives birth to one cub, which weighs 400-500 g. The cub has a gray-golden fur color, which soon darkens. Up to 6 months, the child does not part with his mother and only by the year he takes his first independent steps.
Benefit and harm to humans
There is no harm from these animals to humans. But the benefit is that the local population hunts howler meat. It is also known that these monkeys are used for scientific purposes.