How to make money on garbage disposal. How to make money on garbage: the story of Arseny Sheromanov, the owner of a waste processing company. What kind of waste is more profitable to recycle

• 1 Opening a mini waste recycling plant - where to start?
• 2 Business Features and Benefits
• 3 What kind of waste is more profitable to recycle?
• 4 How to choose the location and premises for the factory?
• 5 What documents are needed to open a waste recycling plant?
• 6 What equipment to choose for waste processing?
• 7 Technological stages of waste processing
• 8 Waste Recycling Business Profitability
• 9 How much money does it take to open a mini waste recycling plant?
• 10 Is it possible to receive state support funds to start a business?
• 11 How much profit can a recycling business bring?
• 12 Conclusion

Business brings real satisfaction when it gives you not only financial profit, but also the realization that your business is a contribution to society and a good for the environment. Cities are growing and developing, the population is increasing, and with it, the amount of waste is growing. Already now they occupy a large area of ​​land that could be used in agriculture and for other useful purposes. That is why such a business as a waste processing plant is becoming an increasingly relevant and profitable business.

Opening a mini waste recycling plant - where to start?

Before embarking on the idea of ​​​​opening your own factory, you need to get acquainted with the features of this area, as well as consider the main advantages of such a business.

Business Features and Benefits

This type of business has a number of main advantages, which include:

1. Stability
   Every day the city produces tons of garbage, so the demand for such an enterprise will be regular.
   
2. Financial support from the state
   Another advantage of this business. When organizing such a plant, you will be able to take advantage of certain benefits that the state provides you. You can get funding in the form of a grant, or a loan at 0% or special tax conditions, as a mini waste recycling plant is a contribution to the development of society.
3. Production of useful products from recycled raw materials
   The main feature of such a mini-factory is that the garbage is not destroyed, but recycled. The profitability of this business also lies in the fact that you can create new products from waste. For example, napkins, plastic bags, base for plastic bottles, glass, biofuels, etc. In addition, part of the garbage is scrap metal. You can also learn how to open scrap metal collection point as an additional source of income.
4. Small staff
   A small team of specialists is enough to operate a waste processing plant, which reduces wage costs.
5. Lack of competition
   Another advantage of the waste recycling plant. The low level of competition or its absence allows you to successfully run a business for many years.
   

What kind of waste is more profitable to recycle?

In order to open a universal plant for the processing of all types of waste, a huge investment of money will be needed. Therefore, it is better to immediately determine the specific type of waste and open a mini-factory for processing a certain type of waste. For example, you can learn how to open a mini-factoryfor recycling broken glass.

Profitable and popular types of waste that your future enterprise can specialize in are paper waste and plastic. Recycled plastic can be used to make containers, as well as furniture and even clothing. In turn, paper waste is an excellent raw material for the production of toilet paper, food packaging, etc.

How to choose the location and premises for the factory?

The choice of land for construction or premises for renting a plant is an important step towards the realization of a business idea.

Block header

It is prohibited to place a waste processing plant on your own plot of land; the enterprise must be located outside the city limits and be as far away from residential areas, educational institutions, catering places, etc.

Abandoned buildings of the industrial complex are perfect for a mini-factory. Renting such a room does not require huge investments. Several hundred square meters per month will cost 30-35 thousand rubles. This is explained by the fact that the former warehouse and industrial premises, as a rule, are not in demand.

If you want to open your own factory, then be prepared to shell out a total of more than 1 million rubles for construction and paperwork. In addition, it must be borne in mind that it is impossible to buy land intended for agricultural needs for the construction of such premises.

What documents are needed to open a waste recycling plant?

Now let's decide on the documentation that will be needed to open a waste processing plant.

First of all, novice businessmen think about the form of entrepreneurial activity -LLC or IP.In this case, in order to open a mini waste processing plant, it will be necessary to register an LLC, since, according to the law, individual entrepreneurs do not have the right to engage in such a type of activity.

You can establish a legal entity on your own, having previously read the information on opening an LLC on the websiteFederal Tax Serviceor contact an experienced lawyer for help.

After you have registered an LLC, you need to obtain a license for this type of activity. A permit document is issued by Rosprirodnadzor usually within 30 days after the application is submitted, and is valid indefinitely.

To obtain a license, it is better to turn to professionals, since there is a high probability of being refused when trying to apply for it yourself. The funds spent on documents are not compensated in any way, and, therefore, you will lose a very large amount of money.

What equipment to choose for waste processing?

The basic set of necessary equipment for waste processing includes:

• Garbage shredders
• sorting line
• Press
• Heat treatment device
• Washing machine
• Dryer
• Storage compartment
• Magnetic installation

The cost of equipment at 2018 prices will be at least 2 million rubles.

The choice of manufacturers largely depends on financial capabilities. A large assortment on the modern market is offered by equipment manufacturers from China and Taiwan. Domestic equipment is also in high demand. In addition to being characterized as reliable, a great advantage is also the provision of after-sales service by the organizations that produce it.

European equipment, although different in quality, is still quite expensive for beginners in this niche. In addition, whole factory complexes for the processing of solid waste are being sold.

The equipment must be under constant human supervision. That is why your company will need a staff. To work at the mini-factory, workers will be needed, which include:

• sorters;
• packers;
• production line operators;
• technologists;
• accountant;
• factory guard;
• administrator.

The fitter will be responsible for the serviceability of the equipment. You can not keep it on the staff, but in the event of force majeure or equipment breakdown, it is better to have such an employee with you so as not to slow down the production process.

Technological stages of waste processing

Now consider the main stages of the plant and waste processing:

1. Garbage enters the conveyor, along which it moves towards the sorting complex. On the way, he passes through a magnetic installation, with the help of which metal is extracted from a pile of garbage.
2. Once in the sorting complex, the waste is divided into different groups depending on the material. Sorting can be done both manually and with the help of special devices.
3. Each group of waste is sent to its own zone. Waste paper and paper go to the waste packaging area. Subsequently, toilet paper, napkins, tetra-packs can be made from it. Plastic goes to shredding, after which it can also be recycled. In turn, the glass is sent to a special container, and then it is also used as a recycled raw material, bringing considerable benefits. If you want to increase the supply of glass to the factory, read how to openglass collection point.
4. Part of the rest of the waste is sent to landfill, and part is burned in the gasifier. In the combustion process, energy is generated and even useful products are obtained: oil and fuel fractions.

Waste that has been sorted and processed is converted into raw materials that can be used to manufacture products. As a rule, such plants have a number of regular customers who buy raw materials for secondary production.

Waste recycling business profitability

A waste recycling plant cannot be classified as a very profitable type of business. It requires fairly large financial investments in the initial stages, so it is more suitable for those who already have an impressive start-up capital and want to do good for the environment and people.

The profitability of the waste processing business ranges from 25 to 30%.

In Russia, this niche is developed in a completely different way than in the West. However, with the growth of technology and the expansion of people's environmental consciousness, this industry has great prospects.

How much money does it take to open a mini waste recycling plant?

To understand the reality of bringing an idea to life, you need to calculate the amount of money that will be needed at the start. In such cases, a business plan is drawn up, in which the financial component of the project is prescribed as a separate paragraph.

Consider what amounts will be required to open a waste processing plant.

The cost plan for a mini-plant for the processing of solid waste includes the following items:

1. Costs for the purchase of a waste sorting complex - 6.43 million rubles.
2. Purchase of a mobile sorting line - 2.53 million rubles.
3. Press for polyethylene waste - 275 thousand rubles.
4. Press for paper waste - 255 thousand rubles.
5. Press for metal (aluminum cans) - 275 thousand rubles.
6. Dryer drum - 290 thousand rubles.
7. Purchase or construction of premises and paperwork - 1.5 million rubles.
8. Transport - 85 thousand rubles.

Result: 11,640,000 rubles.

Current expenses (per year):

1. Equipment repair - 150 thousand rubles.
2. Salary for employees - 4.5 million rubles.
3. Taxes - 1.2 million rubles.
4. Transport - 9 thousand rubles.
5. Electricity - 600 thousand rubles.
6. Other expenses - 100 thousand rubles.

Result: 6,559,000 rubles. annual costs or about 550 thousand rubles. per month.

In addition to the above costs, next to the plant, you can organize a workshop for the production of products from recycled raw materials. This will increase the initial investment, but also double the subsequent profit.

Can I get government support to start a business?

In this article, we have already touched on the issue of state support for starting a business. If the project has a real social significance and relevance for the region, then it is quite possible to receive a grant to start your own business.

For example, regional authorities in each constituent entity of the Russian Federation annually carry out programs to reimburse part of the costs of purchasing production equipment. An entrepreneur can receive up to 3 million rubles in compensation under this program.

In addition, the state bank can issue an interest-free loan to a novice entrepreneur.

How much profit can a recycling business bring?

The amount of profit from a waste processing plant varies depending on the scale and direction of activity. Many aspiring entrepreneurs think about how to make moneyin plastics processing, and not by chance, because it is paper and plastic that are the most profitable types of waste. Therefore, we take as an example for consideration a mini-plant for the processing of plastic waste and calculate the approximate amount of profit per year.

Assume that the plant sells about 4,000 tons of raw materials per year. For one ton, you can get about 5 thousand rubles. Therefore, under favorable circumstances, you receive 20 million rubles a year. arrived.

Who will pay money for raw materials? The main consumers of raw materials in our case are various companies that manufacture disposable plastic utensils, clothing manufacturers, as well as multi-purpose containers.

Subsequently, production can be expanded: purchase additional equipment or build your own enterprise for the production of goods from recycled materials.

Did you know that an ordinary aluminum beer can, for example, after “reincarnation” turns into metal for the defense industry? Watch this video, you will learn many interesting and amazing things about recycling:

Conclusion

Summing up, it is worth noting that the waste recycling plant is indeed a profitable business, as well as an investment in the future of our planet. But the implementation of this enterprise requires large financial investments and preliminary preparation.

If you really want to do this type of business, you should learn its strengths and weaknesses in action. To do this, you should do an internship at one of these enterprises in order to see the whole process with your own eyes. In addition, try to communicate with people who work in this business. You can do this at special exhibitions where manufacturers advertise their waste processing equipment.

If you have weighed the pros and cons and realized that this type of business is not right for you at this stage, look at other options. You can learn how to organize your profitablesawdust business.

Whatever you choose, know that we wish you success!

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Professional business plans

Russia has been choking on dirt and garbage for a long time, but all the good intentions of the state to organize its processing end in nothing. RBC has selected six companies capable of recycling waste in the country, forming a new multi-billion dollar segment of the economy.

Garbage figures

400 kg an average Russian family of four produces garbage per year, including 150 kg of plastic waste and 100 kg of waste paper

15 thousand tons garbage is taken out of Moscow every day

40 million tons municipal solid waste is generated in Russia every year

31 billion tons waste is buried in landfills in Russia

44% Russians throw food away because they don't have time to eat it

Company: Amigo-Service LLC (Nizhny Novgorod)

Field of activity: tire recycling

Owner and CEO - Rustam Aizatullin

Market size: 1 million tons per year

Revenue in 2014: 20 million rubles

Investments: 15 million rubles

Seven years ago, Rustam Aizatullin resigned from the police to take up glass recycling. Waste from the Borsky glass factory was sold by his company Amigo-Service to bottle factories, like the Turkish Sisecam. In 2012, Aizatullin came to the Clever business incubator in Nizhny Novgorod with a new business idea: to create a plant for recycling old tires. For its implementation, he received a grant in the amount of 300 thousand rubles.

According to the Association for the Promotion of Restoration and Recycling of Tires "Shinoekologiya", about 1 million tons of used tires are produced in Russia every year, but only 5-7% is recycled. Aizatullin suggested recycling tires into rubber crumb, which can be reused in road construction, for spilling football fields and playgrounds. The Guarantee Fund of the Nizhny Novgorod Region issued a microloan of 900 thousand rubles to Amigo-Service three times. at 9.5% per annum for business development. In 2013, Aizatullin received 7 million rubles. in the Russian Bank for Support of Small and Medium Enterprises and another 5 million rubles. in the form of a subsidy from the Nizhny Novgorod Ministry of Entrepreneurship Support. With this money, the entrepreneur purchased a 1300 sq. m in Dzerzhinsk, leased a Gazelle for the collection and transportation of tires, and also increased the staff to 43 people. Today, the capacities of Amigo-Service allow processing up to 200 truck tires per day (6 tons of rubber crumb), received under an agreement with tire shops and from private assemblers. According to Aizatullin, Amigo-Service now recycles about 15% of used tires in Nizhny Novgorod.

Aizatullin sells his baby for 14-15 rubles. per 1 kg at a cost of 9 rubles. The entrepreneur plans to establish a complete processing of tires. Now, on average, from the processing of 100 tons of tires, 30 tons of waste remain in the form of metal cord and textile fibers, which are taken to a landfill. In the second half of 2014, a pyrolysis unit was launched at Amigo-Service, and now experiments on steel cord remelting are being completed. At the output, the company should receive metal, from which it plans to cast wrenches, as well as energy, which will fully illuminate and heat production facilities.

Company: ZAO Aksion-RDM (Perm)

Field of activity: extraction of rare earth and precious metals from production waste

Co-owner and CEO - Dmitry Kondrutsky

Market size:$1 billion per year

Revenue in 2014: 3.7 million rubles

Investments: RUB 47.8 million

In 2008, Dmitry Kondrutsky defended his Ph.D. thesis on enzymes and biomolecules at the Volga Polytechnic Institute. As part of his scientific work, he invented a resin (axionite), which, when added to production waste, absorbs rare earth (indium, cesium, europium, etc.) and noble metals. Most rare earth metals are used in modern electronics, but are almost never produced in Russia. In May 2010, a venture fund managed by Bioprocess Capital Partners invested 18.5 million rubles in Kondrutsky's invention. with the condition that the development of the project will continue on the basis of the Perm Chemical Company. As a result, Aksion-RDM CJSC was created (the venture fund participated in the project through the authorized capital, now it owns about 3/4 in the company's authorized capital). In 2011, Aksion-RDM received a grant of 29.3 million rubles to improve technology, patent and enter the market. from the Skolkovo Foundation.

Using the attracted investments, Kondrutsky developed equipment for the extraction of rare earth metals with axionite. Apparatus worth 800 thousand rubles. already works in the Russian Copper Company and Akron, and the axionite itself is produced at the facilities of Aksion-RDM CJSC. “With the use of axionite, mining companies can have an impressive additional profit of up to $20-30 million,” Kondrutsky says to RBC. Dmitry estimates the volume of the Russian market at $1 billion, but now 99% of it is free. Kondrutsky plans to occupy 80% of the volume over the next decade.

Company: LLC "South Federal District Processing"

Field of activity: plastic recycling

Owner and CEO - Roman Sebekin

Market size: 4 million tons per year

Revenue in 2013: 4 million rubles

Investments: RUB 6.5 million

At the age of 21, Roman Sebekin decided to build a house, but it turned out that this was not a cheap business. So he spent $500 to assemble a machine and organize the production of polystyrene (styrofoam) filler blocks. At first, Roman bought polystyrene pellets, but then he agreed with several Volgograd hardware stores like Tekhnomarket: they saved on the removal of plastic waste to a landfill, and he saved on raw materials. Sebekin paid 4 rubles to private collectors for 1 kg of plastic. In 2008, Roman won the competition for young entrepreneurs organized by Opora Rossii and Promsvyazbank. As a prize, the entrepreneur received a preferential loan for three years in the amount of 1.5 million rubles. at 15% per annum. With it, Sebekin bought equipment for processing all types of plastic waste: bottles, toys, boxes, films. Four years later, Vagit Alekperov's fund "Our Future" allocated Sebekin an interest-free loan of 5 million rubles. On them, he moved from the yard to a small factory, bought vehicles and installed 300 tanks in Volgograd for the selective collection of plastic waste.

Today, Sebekin has mastered 10% of Volgograd's plastic waste, which is estimated at 30,000 tons per year. The capacities allow the entrepreneur to produce 10 thousand polystyrene concrete blocks per month. For a house of 100 sq. m need 30 thousand blocks, we sell them for 25 rubles. [In Leroy Merlin, the same aerated concrete block costs 62 rubles], says Sebekin. - The cost of the block - 15 rubles. It takes 1 kg of plastic." The factory is also capable of producing 15 thousand square meters. m of paving slabs and tiles per year. In 2013, the revenue of OOO Southern Federal District Pererabotka amounted to 4 million rubles. The nearest plans are to set up production in Moscow, as well as to start production of polymer sleepers for Russian Railways.

Company: LLC "Bioenergy"

Field of activity: recycling of organic waste

Founder and CEO - Alexander Smotrytsky

Market size: at least 200 million tons per year Revenue in 2014: n.a.

Investments: 20 million rubles Alexander Smotritsky, head of the company

"Bioenergy" (Yekaterinburg), recalls that his personal experience prompted him to the topic of processing organic waste. “There is a large poultry farm on the way to Koltsovo airport, which emits a very unpleasant smell,” the entrepreneur says. Having become interested in this issue, Smotritsky found out that in Russia, poultry farms and other producers of organic waste (sewerage, farms, etc.) most often take waste to the fields or store it without processing it. “According to various estimates, at least 200 million tons of such waste is generated in Russia every year,” he says in an interview with RBC. Meanwhile, organic waste is an excellent source for the production of biogas and fertilizers.

In Europe, over the past 15 years, several thousand biogas plants (BGUs) have been built in large agricultural complexes and on the basis of urban sewerage systems. A typical biogas plant is capable of obtaining 50 cubic meters of raw materials from 1 ton. m of biogas, from which, when burned, you can get 100 kWh of electricity, and up to 200 kg of fertilizers. The main problem of modern biogas plants is the slow process of work: fermentation of waste can take from 20 to 60 days. Smotrytsky, together with partners, developed the WiseSoil complex (protected by three patents), which, thanks to mechanical preparation and subsequent bacterial treatment, doubles the process of waste fermentation and doubles the biogas yield. This allows to significantly increase the economic efficiency of BSU.

From a ton of waste, which usually has a negative value, you can get up to 100 cubic meters. m of biogas, the combustion of which will release 0.2 Gcal of heat and up to 200 kWh of electricity, - Smotrytsky describes the economics of processing. - Another 1-2 thousand rubles. can bring the sale of 200 kg of dry fertilizers. The WiseSoil complex has already been successfully tested at the biogas plant in Orenburg and is now preparing for test trials at the 1 MW plant in Brno of the German company AgriKomp. “This company has built more than 800 biogas plants in Europe since 2000,” says Smotrytsky. “If the tests of WiseSoil at their Brno station are successful, then they are ready to become consumers of our technology.” In the meantime, Bioenergy has attracted seed investments from RVC in the amount of 20 million rubles in exchange for a stake in the company's capital and is looking for an investor who is willing to invest another $2 million in the construction of a biogas plant based on WiseSoil technology in Russia.

Company: LLC “Small innovative enterprise “Kera-Tech”
Field of activity: production of protein supplements in feed

Founders: Anna Linnik (60%), Kemerovo Technological Institute of Food Industry (40%)

Market size: 18 million tons

Revenue in 2013: RUB 808.4 million

Investments: 4.5 million rubles

In 2009, as a student, Anna Linnik was working at the Research and Education Center at the Kemerovo Technological Institute of Food Industry, when they were approached by a local poultry farm with a request to test a new extrusion machine (high-temperature processing of waste after slaughtering poultry into feed). The resulting supplement was quite expensive, and Linnik had the idea to create a similar product - cheaper - using biotechnology. Linnik wrote a diploma about this and registered the Kera-Tech trademark.

With the help of a biological product invented by Linnik, organic poultry waste (feathers, beaks, paws) is converted into a protein supplement for feed. Usually, poultry farms buy protein supplements for feed separately (a ton of protein on the market costs 16 thousand rubles), but with Kera-Tech they can almost completely switch to domestic production. “1 kg of a biological product makes it possible to process 1 ton of waste into 890 kg of feed protein,” Linnik told RBC. The cost of a biological product is only 55-65 rubles. per 1 kg and allows to reduce the cost of feed for poultry by 18%. Every year, Russian factories generate 18 million tons of waste.

According to Linnik, now the development of the idea is at the stage of certification and preparation of a package of documents for the construction of an enterprise and the production of a trial industrial batch of the drug. Kerra-Tech received money for all this from grants and awards. In particular, within the framework of the Federal Target Program "Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel of Innovative Russia for 2009-2013", Kera-Tech received 2.5 million rubles, and in 2013 the company received the Zvorykin Prize in the amount of 1 million rubles. “We estimate the size of the Russian market at $2.5 billion a year,” says Linnik.

Company: LLC Research Institute of Ecology and Rational Use of Natural Resources

Field of activity: processing of oil and drilling waste

Founders: Julia Deneko

Market size: 1 million cubic meters m

Revenue in 2013: RUB 808.3 million

Investments: 4.5 million rubles

While studying at the Faculty of Ecology and Geography of the Tyumen State University, Yulia Deneko was actively engaged in scientific and research research together with her father Viktor Ryadinsky. While surveying oil fields, they found that mining companies do almost nothing with drilling and oil waste. They are simply put into special pools. Father and daughter created a company that in 2005 was the first in the Tyumen region to start processing oil and drilling waste. Earned on research work 4.5 million rubles. they invested in the purchase of the first truck and excavator.

In 2005-2013, NII EiRIPR LLC processed more than 1 million cubic meters. m of drilling waste, including about 250 thousand cubic meters. m in 2013. In the process of processing, artificial soils are made from them, which are characterized by increased strength, therefore they can be used as bases in the construction of roads. “Now more than 8 million cubic meters have been accumulated in the Tyumen region. m of oil and drilling waste, another 1 million cubic meters are added annually. m,” Yulia Deneko tells RBC. The average price of processing 1 cu. m of oil waste in NII EiRIPR LLC is 3,500 rubles, and the potential market volume is about 4 billion rubles. in year.

In this material:

Waste recycling as a business is an extremely promising activity for investment. This socially significant activity has a positive impact on the environment.

It was not profitable enough 2-3 years ago. Recycling, garbage disposal to landfills gave a big profit. Much has changed since then. Today, household waste is at least 60% recyclable.

Business idea concept

The average person throws out up to 250 kg of garbage per year. The problem of waste disposal and reuse has become urgent.

Many components of waste can be recycled, but up to 96% of waste is sent to landfill.

Benefits of a waste management business:

1. Since the waste recycling industry is practically not financed, local authorities, as a rule, treat the garbage disposal business very favorably. The city administration provides financial support, helps to find industrial premises.
2. Waste recycling companies are always in demand. Recycling and recycling of waste saves primary raw materials. New companies in this segment are created every year.
3. You can use the sorting complex. This is inexpensive equipment created by domestic manufacturers. Its use will reduce costs.
4. High economic efficiency. According to professionals, the profitability of the garbage disposal and disposal business can be up to 80%.
5. Garbage is a valuable resource. The recycling business is profitable because there is very little competition in this segment.

Starting a business from scratch

Everything useful should be extracted from the trash as much as possible. To do this, it is important to create the appropriate conditions.

Legal registration:

1. It takes several months to process documents for commercial activities. Obtaining a license from the Department of Rosprirodnadzor is a prerequisite.
2. To issue a permit, an environmental audit is carried out by the local Department of Natural Resources. A project with a detailed description of the technological process must be submitted to the water and communal services, Rospotrebnadzor, and the fire inspectorate.
3. A 500 m sanitary zone should be created around the waste processing plant, as required by the regulatory authorities. Based on the results of this work, a conclusion is made. At least $2,000 must be invested in order for the production facility to meet industrial sanitation and fire safety requirements.

Financial component of entrepreneurial activity

It is important to find ways to attract investment in order to start a recycling business.

Starting capital required:

1. Initially, you can start only the initial stages of recycling. The enterprise can collect and sort waste, create semi-finished products. The organization of a universal waste disposal enterprise requires significant material costs, so the entrepreneur should decide in advance what types of secondary raw materials he will work with.
2. Residents are not inclined to sort the garbage they throw away for free. It is necessary to set a certain price for waste paper or bottles.
3. How to choose a place for a waste processing business? A production area, landfills, sources of garbage - the ideal solution to create a recycling company.
4. Deep processing of waste can bring maximum profit. According to experts, more than $20 million is needed to build a large universal complex that will process any kind of solid domestic waste: glass, paper, plastic, rubber, wood.
5. If the entrepreneur does not have this opportunity, you can deal with the disposal of one type of waste. From 50 to 300 thousand dollars will require the creation of a specialized facility for the disposal of one type of secondary raw materials. Such a modest enterprise can bring a significant income. The waste management business has a high share of utility costs. They make up about 20%.

Waste recycling

Construction waste contains concrete, wood, parts of brick and metal. The recovery of metal particles is the purpose of recycling. Vacuum forming polymeric thermoplastic waste is a relatively inexpensive method. Rubber crumb is obtained from car tires, from waste paper - toilet paper, from polymers - pressed blocks, chipboard - from sawdust. Only 25% of valuable recyclables can be obtained from unseparated waste, so it is necessary to use modern waste sorting lines. Plants for sorting recyclables can be automated or manual. Plastic and paper are the best.

• food waste - 25%;
• cardboard and paper - 10%;
• polymers - about 50%;
• textiles, rubber, metal, etc. -15%.

Plastic packaging is the most difficult waste to recycle. Obtaining secondary crushed stone by recycling recyclables is very profitable.

Production goes through the following stages:

• large parts are processed using a press;
• then, using a crusher, they are crushed;
• metal is selected with a powerful magnet;
• particles are sorted by means of a special accumulator.

Organization of production and supply of raw materials

For production, a room of about 600 m² is required. The warehouse must be at least 100 m². It will be possible to significantly save on the export of raw materials if the recycling facility is located near residential buildings.

The area where a lot of old buildings are being demolished is suitable for the disposal of construction waste. To transport raw materials, you need to purchase a truck with compartments. Recycling is a labor intensive process.

About $300 a month must be paid to skilled workers. Up to 40 workers can be involved in such production.

The expensive process of creating a company for recycling recyclables gives real income in the future, if you correctly approach this problem.

The income of the waste processing enterprise depends on the scale of activity. You can recoup the initial investment in 1 year. Then the scope of its activities can be expanded.

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In the economic realities of modern Russia, trying to open your own business is akin to playing roulette. The competition for raw materials and sales markets is so high that a newcomer does not always manage to gain a foothold in the market, and even more so, develop his business at least to a medium size. Therefore, already at the planning stage, it is necessary to calculate all possible risks, pluses and minuses. As practice shows, one of the most win-win options for today is the waste processing business.

Waste recycling is the most promising business

According to statistics, every year the population and industrial enterprises of Russia produce up to 44 million tons of various waste. Of all this volume, only a third is recycled, and the rest ends up in landfills. Previously, they tried to solve the problem of a growing rubbish shaft by simply burning or burying it in the ground. However, such actions lead to a sharp deterioration in the environmental situation, poisoning the soil, groundwater and atmosphere.

The solution to the problem of efficient and safe disposal of industrial and domestic waste is seen in only one thing - the development of a wide network of waste processing enterprises. In the countries of Western Europe, hundreds of private organizations are engaged in waste processing, which gives rise to intense market competition with all the ensuing consequences. Waste recycling as a business in Russia is practically not developed, which provides a lot of potential opportunities.

Pros and Cons of a Waste Recycling Business

The "garbage business", like any other commercial enterprise, has its undeniable advantages and its pitfalls. The pluses include:

• Fast payback periods. The funds invested in the waste processing industry will pay off fairly quickly. With skillful and efficient management of the case, these terms are about 3-5 years.
• High profitability of the waste business, reaching 30% for each ruble invested. This is a pretty good indicator, given that according to Rosstat, the profitability of medium and small businesses in Russia is about 12-15%.
• Support for businessmen who decide to open a waste processing enterprise from government agencies. On the part of the federal authorities, such businessmen are provided with tax incentives regarding the costs of purchasing equipment, renting/purchasing/construction of premises.
• Local municipal authorities are also ready to provide all kinds of assistance to entrepreneurs-garbage processors. The responsibility for maintaining cleanliness in a city or village lies entirely with the local authorities, so the private business of waste processing removes a significant part of the current concerns from the municipal administration.
• Almost unlimited amount of free raw materials, available in large quantities in any region of Russia.
• Low cost of raw materials. Unlike many other business sectors, recycling as a business requires minimal costs for the purchase of raw materials. You will have to spend money only on containers for collecting waste, and on specialized vehicles for their delivery to the place of processing.
• Demand for secondary raw materials that have passed the initial processing stage is traditionally high among domestic industrial enterprises. Therefore, a waste processing businessman does not have to worry about the markets for his goods.
• For entrepreneurs with increased social responsibility, there is another motivating factor - moral. Recycling of waste allows solving the problem of environmental pollution of native nature, preserving it for future generations.

But, despite such a large number of positive aspects, people who decide to start their own business in this area should approach this as responsibly as possible. There may be problems with the collection, delivery, sorting of garbage, as well as financial costs for unforeseen expenses and the like.

Often there is aversion to the neighborhood with a waste processing plant on the part of local residents who start sluggish litigation. This litigation often takes the entrepreneur a lot of time and effort that could be spent for its intended purpose - to start production. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary at the initial stage to draw up a business plan for waste processing, in which all possible force majeure situations will be taken into account in advance.

How to Start a Waste Recycling Business

Let us consider in more detail how to start a waste recycling business in the light of modern Russian realities. At the stage of the initial organization of production, the future entrepreneur will need more time, effort, and involvement in solving various pressing issues of local administrative resources than financial costs. Of course, it is absolutely possible that local officials of different levels and departments will want to receive some kind of “fee” for a positive solution to your issue.

If a businessman has a sufficient amount of free funds, the temptation to speed up the permit procedure with a bribe can be great. But we should not forget that such an act falls under the jurisdiction of the Criminal Legislation of the Russian Federation, and not only the person who accepts the bribe, but also the one who gives it is liable. Therefore, we will consider how to open a waste processing business in full compliance with the law.

Company registration

The very first step for starting a garbage business from scratch is registering your organization. You can register an enterprise both in the status of an individual entrepreneur and in the form of an LLC. According to the recommendations of experts, the form of registration in the form of an LLC is more preferable. This makes it possible in the future, if necessary, to expand the scope of activities by engaging in some kind of related production. This may be, for example, the independent production and sale of consumer goods from recycled materials.

Registration procedures of the enterprise are carried out in the territorial department of the tax service. To do this, the registration department of the Federal Tax Service will need to submit an application drawn up in accordance with the established form, and a package of related documentation. You can familiarize yourself with the sample application on the official website of the Federal Tax Service, or directly at the office of this institution. The list of documents required for registration of an LLC, in addition to the application, includes:

• Protocol, which reflects the decision of the meeting of co-founders on the creation of a legal entity in the form of an LLC.
• Agreement on the establishment of an LLC, endorsed by all co-founders.
• Articles of association.
• Notification of the choice of a particular taxation system. The most profitable from a financial point of view, for an LLC is the simplified tax system.
• Receipt of payment of the registration fee - 4 thousand rubles.

The procedure for registering an individual entrepreneur engaged in waste processing as a business is much simpler. To do this, you will need to submit an application that will indicate individual passport data and selected OKVED codes. The application will also need to be accompanied by a photocopy of the passport (all pages, from the first to the last), and a bank receipt confirming payment of the state duty in the amount of 800 rubles.

The choice of economic activity code depends on the specific area of ​​business. The waste processing business belongs to class No. 38, which is divided into several subclasses:

38-1. Organization of waste collection, including:

• Non-hazardous - 38.1.1.
• Dangerous - 38.1.2.

38-2. Organization of primary processing and disposal of waste, including:

• Non-hazardous - 38.2.1.
• Dangerous - 38.2.1.

After successfully resolving the issue of state registration of the future enterprise, we proceed to the next stage of the implementation of the business plan for waste processing.

Obtaining permits

Waste processing is considered a potentially hazardous industry, due to the high degree of contamination of the soil and atmosphere with recyclable waste. It is also possible that any toxic or hazardous substances may enter the total mass of recycled waste. And this is fraught with health problems for the employees of the enterprise.

Therefore, the garbage disposal business is under the control of various supervisory authorities. To start production, you will need to obtain a permissive license from these departments. The list of required permits includes:

• To use this land for the construction of a waste processing plant. Issued by the territorial department of land use after submitting a corresponding application there.
• Sanitary and epidemiological station for the compliance of the premises used for the purposes of waste processing. Issued by the local branch of Rospotrebnadzor, the application is considered within 1 month.
• Fire control authorities. Confirms the compliance of the premises with all the requirements and standards of fire safety.
• Certificate from the electrical supervision on the full compliance of the production electrical supply systems with the established standards.
• Certificate from the local environmental center, confirming the complete safety of the future enterprise for the environment.

Running a waste management business is only possible with a license. The supervisory service for nature management is responsible for issuing these documents. To obtain a license, you will need to pay a fee to the budget in the amount of 24 thousand rubles, and provide the following package of documentation to the employees of the department:

• Confirming the availability of the entire material base for the organization of work - the appropriate production premises and the necessary equipment.
• Confirming that the enterprise has a staff of employees with the necessary certificates. Copies of certificates with photocopies of employment contracts attached to them are provided for consideration.
• Permission to start production activities from the sanitary and epidemiological service.
• Information about the nature of the waste with which the enterprise will work as a raw material.
• Copies of contracts concluded with solid waste landfills, on the disposal of non-recycled waste residues.

In addition, the supervisory authority will need to provide a certificate from the tax service on state registration of a waste processing organization, copies of constituent documents (for LLC) and an application. You can submit the documents in person by coming to the office of the natural supervision institution. Or by sending them by mail to the addressee by registered mail with a list of all the papers attached to the application.

Legislative standards allow employees of this department to consider the appeal for up to three months. After that, employees will either issue a license or refuse to do so. They must substantiate their refusal with reason so that the applicant has the opportunity to appeal it to higher authorities.

Choice of premises for production

But now all the necessary licenses and permits have been obtained, and the entrepreneur is faced with the question - how to start a business on waste? The next step is to find a suitable space to house all the production lines. For these purposes, an abandoned industrial premises is quite suitable - a workshop or warehouse of a closed factory, a large hangar, a car box. The main condition is that it must be spacious enough to accommodate equipment and have space for the free movement of employees.

It follows from these numbers:

• At least 400 square meters will be occupied by the production workshop itself, where sorting and recycling of raw materials will be carried out.
• At least another 200 m 2 will need to be allocated for the storage of imported raw materials and already sorted products.
• We should not forget about the accompanying premises - the office, household rooms for the working staff, showers, toilets, etc.

In total, the ideal space for a waste processing plant should be at least 700-800 m2. If you could not find a suitable room, then the only way out is to build it yourself. True, pleasure is not cheap. A pre-fabricated hangar-type structure with a metal frame structure, taking into account the cost of summing up all the necessary communications, will cost an average of 15 to 25 million rubles. The ideal location for the plant is next to the already existing landfill. Thus, it will be possible to save on the export of unprocessed raw materials, and simplify the coordination of all permits with the nature supervision.

Acquisition of the necessary equipment

Another important item of expenditure associated with the launch of a waste processing plant is the acquisition of the equipment necessary for these purposes. On sale in the modern market there are two types of waste processing lines: stationary and mobile. Stationary modifications require a large area for their installation, and are not intended for quick dismantling.

Mobile lines consist of separate blocks, which can be quickly, within one working day, mounted or dismantled again by a team of specialists. They are more compact and do not require permanent buildings for installation: it will be enough to have a canopy to protect electrical equipment from precipitation. The only disadvantage of such models is lower productivity than stationary equipment. In terms of cost, both options are approximately comparable, and will cost the buyer from 3 to 6 million rubles, depending on the manufacturer and configuration.

The standard set of waste processing line includes:

• Sorting conveyor line, which moves the garbage.
• Hopper storage for raw materials fed to the conveyor.
• Crusher for crushing oversized waste.
• Electromagnet for extracting metal components from raw materials.
• Incinerator.

When purchasing a furnace for burning non-recycled waste, you need to know that this business can only be done in compliance with certain rules. Any violation of the regulations may result in the imposition of large monetary fines, and even revocation of the license.

Recruitment

The next very important stage will be the selection of personnel of the enterprise. It should be borne in mind that with such a seemingly simple matter as sorting garbage, in fact, far from everyone can handle it. Moreover, without the presence of a staff of workers with the appropriate certificates, it will be impossible to obtain permission to start work. Therefore, the business plan for a waste processing plant must take this factor into account.

The number of employees directly depends on the size of the processing industry. For example, a workforce for a medium-sized factory would look like this:

• Head (director, production manager).
• Technologist.
• Accountant.
• Account Manager.
• 2-3 drivers, depending on the size of the fleet. However, there is an opportunity to save on this staff unit by concluding a transport service agreement with an outsourcing company.
• Production line operators.
• Workers-sorters, loaders - from 10 to 30 staff units.

In addition, at fairly large industries, the staff may include narrow specialists: electricians, adjusting technicians, security guards.

Supply of raw materials and marketing of finished products

Like any business, waste recycling is largely dependent on market conditions. Therefore, already at the planning stage, it is necessary to calculate the benefits of a particular specialization. Sorted waste is a fairly liquid product that is in demand by many industrial enterprises. For clarity, we present the market value of one ton of certain types of waste:

• Aluminum cans for drinks - up to 50 thousand rubles.
• Compressed plastic waste - 15 thousand tons
• Shredded rubber of car tires - 15-17 thousand rubles
• Paper and cardboard - 10-12 thousand rubles

The data obtained, in order to have a rough idea of ​​the possible income, must be multiplied by the average daily productivity of the sorting line, which is from 8 to 15 tons of raw materials. Based on the above data, you can already draw up an approximate business plan with calculations for waste processing.

Another question that inevitably arises before a waste processing entrepreneur is how to organize the supply of raw materials. This problem can be solved in several ways. For example, to agree with local utilities on the delivery of waste to the plant directly from the place of its collection, that is, from garbage containers. But at the same time, you should have a place equipped according to all the rules where the raw materials will be stored in anticipation of processing.

Another option is to install our own containers for separate collection of solid waste in the city, and acquire special equipment for its removal. This option, of course, is more expensive, but in the future it promises greater profits associated with the accelerated processing of garbage already sorted by the population. It is also possible to agree with the management of solid waste landfills on the collection of certain types of waste. To collect them, you can attract for a small fee various asocial persons (in other words, the homeless), who always live near large landfills.

If you have special vehicles, you can independently conclude agreements on the removal of certain types of waste with large industrial or trade organizations. In this way, you can get the necessary raw materials in advance. These can be cardboard packages, which are accumulated in excess from large supermarkets; plastic, aluminum and glass containers for drinks, which are "rich" in catering establishments, cafes and restaurants.

As you can see, waste sorting as a business can bring a considerable income to its owner. To obtain a stable profit, you only need to find financial means to start production, obtain all the necessary permits, and competently organize the business.

Currently, it is very important to create a production facility that will process waste. This is due to serious environmental problems. Many do not even think that waste is a unique resource, but there are entrepreneurs who invest their finances to acquire them. After that, a profitable business is launched. The main positive point is the inexhaustibility of resources.

This article will present ideas on how you can make money on garbage, consider the significant nuances and key features of this topic, provide valuable recommendations for the implementation of projects, analyze possible difficulties on the way and ways to overcome them.

On the territory of Russia there is a huge amount of household waste, and its urgent disposal is very important. Data currently show that only 1% of solid waste is recycled, with the remainder remaining unrecycled. However, half of this waste can be recycled, so it can be recycled, extracting additional profit from this.

When considering specific objects of such raw materials, it is worth remembering paper products, metal, glass, polymers, etc. But tons of garbage are still in the landfill and only worsen the situation of environmental pollution. Now the issue of waste disposal is given special attention, because it is a serious environmental problem, and solutions to it have not yet been found.

Previously, such a business could not be called profitable, but the situation continued to change. Now the number of landfills that need to be cleaned up is enormous. Only a few factories process waste, so they are not able to solve this problem.

When starting a recycling business, it is worth remembering that it will continue to be relevant for the reason that the population will contribute to the production of new waste.

Next, you should consider the positive and negative aspects of this type of activity. Many business articles claim that the field of waste management is characterized by a low level of competition, but this opinion is erroneous.

It is quite difficult to start such a business because there are specific territories that commercial organizations are not allowed to serve. According to the laws, there is a centralization of business, this causes a greater aggravation of competition.

However, this area can be a good option for beginners. It is quite possible to start your own business, but the market is characterized by special specifics, it may become more complex and change legislation.

How much can you earn from garbage:

People who aspire to open such a business should engage in constant and thorough study of all processes observed in the market. Communicate with market participants, analyze the strategies of competitive enterprises, attend events organized by ministries and the executive branch, etc.

Pros and cons of a recycling business

Considering the advantages of this type of activity, special attention should be paid to:

• Relevance. This direction is characterized not only by the great benefits for the environment, but also by the fact that the owners will be able to get a good income.
• Support for local government. This area is rather poorly funded, so you can get help from the local government in organizing your business.
• Unlimited supply of raw materials.
• High profitability of the business, which is about 65-75%.
• Opportunities to start small. If the financial situation does not allow you to build a waste processing plant, then the option of a small workshop is quite affordable for you. Investments will not be very extensive, but the income will be quite good and stable, in the future it will be possible to develop the business.

Speaking of negative factors, you should remember about:

• High investment. The cost of equipment even for a small workshop will be quite high.
• Bureaucracy. The stage when you will need to acquire permits from regulatory authorities can become problematic. Initially, difficulties also arise during the actual sale of recycled waste.

We are talking about the difficulties of a bureaucratic nature for building an enterprise and legal work (you should take care of licenses, permits, a sanitary zone, project preparation and other nuances). All of this can make starting a business a very time-consuming and time-consuming process.

• High competition. Organizing a business in an area where there are a large number of similar enterprises is a meaningless undertaking. Overcoming competition in such a situation would be almost impossible.
• No waste sorting system. Russia is different in that there is no preparatory sorting of waste and separate collection of waste. This will complicate all work processes in the future. To prepare the raw materials received for the processing stages, a large number of employees will have to be hired to sort household waste.

Such a decision can be extremely disadvantageous for your business. Do not forget about the existence of automatic lines for sorting processes, but such equipment is very expensive and not available to all businessmen.

Current options for such a business

Garbage removal

The initial task is to remove waste from the consumer area. The process of waste disposal is extremely simple. The most difficult part is the preparatory processes, when you have to obtain all the required permits. After resolving all legal issues, you can start buying equipment.

As for technical devices, for organizing such a business it is important to have a minimum set of equipment. We are talking about special trucks, which must be equipped with elevators or a garbage container. This is a good option exclusively for household waste.

If you are looking for a more economical and profitable solution, then you can consider buying garbage trucks that have a built-in press. This method of assembly will reduce the number of flights, and cash costs for fuel will be reduced several times. If you want to take out construction waste, you will have to take care of acquiring large-sized trucks.

As for the office, its presence is mandatory, although this business consists in the constant movement of vehicles. Such a room is necessary to accommodate administrative staff, accounting and dispatcher.

You should find a room of at least 20 square meters, this will be the best option for the successful organization of the reception and creating favorable conditions for employees. It is also important to have appropriate furniture, computer equipment and communication facilities in the office.

Is the garbage business relevant? Photo: plus.google.com

Speaking of working personnel, for this type of business you need to acquire the following staff: drivers, dispatchers, administrator, accountant. If the fleet increases, then it is better to attract mechanics as well.

Considering the formation of a client ball, it should be borne in mind that the main clients of organizations that are a variety of restaurants, canteens, hotels. All these establishments are characterized by the daily production of large amounts of food waste.

You can also carry out the conclusion of contracts with a utility company for garbage collection from residential complexes. The main advantage of this type of work is the availability of large volumes of available raw materials. Although the tariff rate is lower than the removal of waste from the commercial sectors, large volumes will give you the opportunity to earn a good income.

As for the key features of such a business, it is very important for you to conclude agreements with a landfill, where waste will be removed using coupons. It is very important to solve such a problem as transport costs, namely their reduction.

There are two ways to solve this problem - it is to increase the capacity of the garbage container, or it is also possible to purchase a garbage truck equipped with a press. The second method also contributes to an effective increase in transportation productivity. A bin with a press is another method to reduce the frequency of waste collection.

Considering the positive aspects of this kind of activity, it is worth noting that it does not require renting a large area, and you do not need to buy complex, expensive equipment. Comparing specifically this idea with others, the very organization of all processes will not be particularly costly.

The main drawback is the height of fuel costs, as well as the mandatory conclusion of an agreement with landfills so that waste can be stored there.

Garbage collection and sorting

European countries differ in that in their system, approximately 85% of the waste is used for re-production of something. On the territory of Russia, the operation of such a system is not so active due to the low level of development. Many entrepreneurs can take advantage of this opportunity to open their own profitable business, which will have a minimal investment.

Waste processing is carried out thanks to high-quality sorting. A certain percentage of recycled materials will no longer have the same properties after mixing in common containers, paper materials are susceptible to decay. For this reason, the correct sorting of waste during the collection itself is of such importance.

For beginners, the most relevant option will be the organization of the collection of recyclables. To do this, you will have to allocate about a million rubles. This amount of money will be needed to purchase several containers in accordance with the types of waste, obtain permission from the municipality and rent a small area for containers.

Finding buyers for secondary raw materials is considered secondary tasks. A large number of processing companies have special equipment, so the purchase of expensive equipment can become a completely pointless process.

Through this method of sorting waste, you can monthly generate income from objects such as waste paper, polymers, plastic bottles and aluminum cans, etc.

If you are interested in opening a waste sorting enterprise, then you will need to allocate larger investments. Required equipment includes a sorting line, storage bin, crusher, magnet and press.

How to organize a business on garbage? Photo: sweden.se

Do not forget that almost all work processes within the sorting room will be carried out manually. Therefore, a sorting plant with an average level of capacity needs a minimum of five workers. The cost of wages to workers can reach about 100 thousand rubles a month.

The sorting shop should also be located in the premises, the rental costs of which will be approximately 60 thousand rubles per month. Such a business will cost approximately 5 million rubles, taking into account the obtained permits, organizational processes and all sorting stages.

Sorting shops, which have an average capacity, can produce products every month, the volume of which will be about 16-22 tons. The price of one ton is determined by the type of waste. The average profit of such a sorting workshop will be approximately 110-140,000 rubles.

If you only plan to create a sorting shop, then you should remember the importance of regular deliveries of garbage. To do this, it is necessary to conclude an agreement with the leaders of the local landfill, a representative of the point that accepts containers and plastic waste.

In addition, reliable suppliers include the local supermarket population, as they throw away cardboard and plastic boxes, paper, etc. on a daily basis.

Sorting can be arranged to include the purchase of a particular type of waste. This is the reception of glass containers, plastic waste and waste paper.

This solution may be less profitable, but it is cheaper and more suitable for beginner businessmen without large investments. For this, about 60-90 thousand rubles will be enough, these funds will be used to find a small area to accommodate a waste collection point.

As for the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of occupation, it is important to remember that there is a high demand. This means a guaranteed demand for services after opening.

The negative factor is that you will have to allocate a large amount of money for the purchase of expensive equipment. Also, some part of the profit will need to be allocated to pay salaries to good specialists who will sort all the raw materials.

Recycling

The most difficult process in this segment is the stage of waste processing. With the help of high-quality processing, garbage can become something useful (energy, new raw materials, fertilizer, etc.).

A business that consists in recycling waste is not only economically beneficial for its owner, but also beneficial for the environment and the population as a whole. This explains the active spread of the theme of recycling, which is very beneficial for the investor.

New technologies continue to develop, so recycling processes include not only recycling, but also the creation of recyclable materials. The opening of such a business will help in improving the ecological condition of the settlement, and will also consistently bring good profits.

This area is constantly developing, at the moment it has been noted the existence of several methods of waste processing. Before planning the construction of a plant, you need to think about the future method that is right for you. We are talking about composting, briquetting, pyrolysis, pressing, etc.

The profit from such a plant will also be determined by the type of waste processed. Professionals in this field argue that the most profitable materials are paper and plastic. The profitability of processing these types of raw materials is very high.

To open your own waste recycling business, follow these steps:

1. and calculate the amount of planned expenses.
2. The determinant of what type of waste will be the best option for your enterprise.
3. Get support from local government leaders.
4. Register an enterprise, obtain a set of all required permits and.
5. Get a piece of land for your business.
6. Engage in obtaining technical conditions to connect to communications.
7. Take care of the construction of structures where the production workshop will be located.
8. Procurement of equipment, its installation and configuration.
9. Train employees to operate the equipment.
10. Find a waste supplier.
11. Find a buyer who will be interested in the finished secondary products of the plant.

How much can you earn if you hand over plastic waste:

As for the theme of the future premises, the waste processing plant should be located in a special place, the size of which should be at least 500 square meters. Part of this space will be dedicated to the warehouse.

We should also not forget about the administrative premises. The location of the office can be chosen in accordance with the territory of production, but other options are also possible.

If the workshop is located near the city dump, this will help reduce the cost of transporting raw materials, and you will not have to rent a room either.

Considering the topic of the necessary, you should remember about:

• storage bin;
• crusher;
• the press;
• front loader.

Do not forget also about specific equipment, which also sometimes has to be acquired over time.

Conclusion

A business built on the use of garbage is now the most relevant and quite profitable. However, to start it, it is important to soberly assess your chances of success and analyze the prospects for the future. This kind of activity is suitable not only for entrepreneurs, but also for people for whom more global problems of the present are important.