I will describe the manufacture and operation of a small reactor for the processing of waste tires, which was conceived as an experimental one for testing parameters and examining fuel.

The beginning of manufacturing, of course, is documentation, drawings and sketches that are tied to manufacturing capabilities, here I took such opportunities as plasma cutting and manufacturing parts using the shell method, pretty good quality, the only thing is not cheap. Some drawings and sketches:
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Well, what do we see in the assembly shop after we brought the finished parts:

Assembly and preparation for launch:

Well, then tests and work:
Loading of raw materials after the shredder, a lot of very non-metal cord, the percentage of rubber is less since part of the rubber is taken away, the raw materials were bought in Slantsy, already ready-made, it can be seen in bags, it gives a small amount of fuel, and all the raw materials are not processed ...

you can see the "lump" in the middle, the effect is not very ..
When loading cut tires .. and here the experiment on solid tires is much better, and the fuel is normal in the 35 percent output area and is completely recycled.

carbon burns with "crackers", it can also be used as fuel, in principle, an analogue of coal with the same ash content .. or wood new wood ash content of 3 percent immediately reaches 12-20, and of course there is a lot of sulfur, sulfur "leaves" not in fuel ..there, according to measurements of sulfur, up to 0.8 percent is incomplete, sulfur remains in carbon, where it is up to 4 percent with something. This coal is a good raw material for the synthesis gas reactor, which is in the previous description.

here is fuel, light is a light fraction of it quite a bit, closer to the gasoline fraction.

Well, here are various fuel tests obtained both at this facility and earlier at the first reactors.

Well, there is something about coal:

These tests came from the installation that I designed for Melitopol back in 2007, I think.
Several photos of the installation, its appearance is certainly not presentable, apparently made from what is at hand .. but it worked well according to their reviews:

that's just the carbon that comes from tires.

This is a metal cord, it is usually sold as scrap metal, of course it is desirable to extrude:

This is, as it were, a general view of that furnace in Melitopol, the same one, according to my project, was to be built in Yekaterinburg .. but the crisis of 2008 prevented, so to speak ...
So everything remained unfinished, a few sad photos from Yekaterinburg:

The only thing that was done in Yekaterinburg was not in length but indoors:

I digress a little, but let's continue, in fact, pyrolysis is not only valuable fur ... sorry, not only tire recycling, let's say when experimenting with milk cartons and other types of tetrapacks:

it turns out ashes, in fact, and foil, it does not burn out, only the question remains where to put it and how to separate it, foil from ashes .. conclusion, this technology can be used to make equipment for annealing, for example, wires, a small section of electrical wires, while the insulation plastic turns into carbon, and copper and aluminum and other metals can be taken to non-ferrous metals ... that is, the use of pyrolysis technology not only in the processing of tires, but also in the processing of waste from the automotive industry, etc. ... by the way, we also get liquid fuel from polyethylene, but This was not the task before me.
In MPC, maximum allowable emissions .. this is a very difficult question .. difficult not in the fact that they are higher than the MPC when recycling tires .. the bottom line is that there is no equipment for analyzing .. or it is sky-high at prices. But the analysis was done on experimental equipment in Israel, my acquaintances in this area, I don’t have documentary evidence .. all the money spent and decent but there are assurances .. his assurances that according to the German emission standard (in Israel they copied the German standard), excesses No!!! It's already good...
Video of this installation:

Number of cars in Russia increases every year, while the number of worn tires is also growing.

The main disposal method - - covers far from the full volume of secondary rubber-containing raw materials.

And although in recent years the pace of production from tire crumbs has also increased significantly, large volumes of used tires remain unutilized.

What happens to the rest of the raw materials? Basically, rubber simply accumulates in landfills, increasing their already overwhelming volume.

Pyrolysis processing - modern way recycling of tires and other RTI. It is successfully used abroad, but in Russia it is not yet very popular.

Pyrolysis is the most cost-effective way recycling of rubber from used tires and other rubber goods, while non-polluting combustion gases environment.

It flows like this:

1. Tires are pre-separated into front and side tires using a bead cutter.
2. The cut tires are loaded into a special container (retort), which is sealed and placed in an oven.
3. The furnace heats up to 450 0 C and the pyrolysis process begins, during which gas is released. When the decomposition of the raw material ends, the retort is removed and replaced with a new one.
4. After cooling, which takes several hours, the container is unloaded, separating the carbon residue from the metal cord.

The procedure differs from conventional combustion in the absence of oxygen, which is necessary for combustion.

Under such conditions, chemical reactions occur, as a result of which tires gaseous oil fractions are released, and carbon powder and cord remain in the furnace.

The production is waste-free, since all pyrolysis products are used in industry, bringing good profit.

Output Products

There are several output products. This is:

• liquid fuel;
• carbonaceous residue;
• pyrolysis gas;
• tire steel cord.

Each of these products can be used with benefit.

Liquid outlet

The liquid obtained at the outlet during the pyrolysis of rubber - synthetic oil, similar in composition to nature.

With additional processing, can replace many fuels and lubricants- gasoline, diesel fuel, oil, etc.

In the US, more than 100 million used tires are converted to diesel every year, and one tire is equivalent to 30 liters of oil.

In a pinch, the raw pyrolysis oil obtained from tires can be used as fuel for stoves and boilers.

Solid carbonaceous residue

It is applied in various fields:

• in the manufacture of certain rubber products (for example, conveyor belts, or new tires);
• in paint and varnish and cement production - as a dye;
• used as a sorbent instead of activated carbon;
• can serve as a solid fuel or as a component for liquid fuel.

pyrolysis gas

This volatile component is similar in composition to natural gas.

Its main part during the operation of pyrolysis equipment converted to liquid, and the non-condensable residue is used to keep the furnace burning.

metal cord

This is the core of the tire, the only component that does not change during pyrolysis.

The reinforcing material of automobile tires is high-quality steel, which, with additional processing, successfully used as binding wire or melted down.

Find out more about steel cord and how it can be used.

Boiler device

The composition of the simplest pyrolysis plant is as follows:

• retort(crucible), which is loaded with raw materials - tires;
• combustion chamber where the heating takes place;
• heat exchanger, in which the pyrolysis gas condenses into liquid fuel.

Is it possible to make equipment with your own hands?

The design of such a pyrolysis plant for rubber processing is simple, it is quite possible to make it yourself.

This will require pipes of various diameters, valves and a thermometer.

An iron barrel can be used as a heating chamber, and a can can be used for a retort.

This equipment will function, but only for scientific and educational purposes. output the product is unsuitable for use and requires further purification and processing.

The volumes of such "home" production do not allow us to talk about serious benefits.

To independently build a plant that processes an acceptable amount of raw materials, it will take up to 10 million rubles, which is comparable to the price of an average factory-made pyrolysis line.

Pyrolysis is a dangerous process. When air gets into the handicraft retort during the operation of the installation an explosion may occur, which could result in serious injury.

If we talk about opening a business for processing tires into fuel, it is better to purchase ready-made equipment made by specialists.

Pyrolysis lines of various capacities are now on the market. Such installations include various additional nodes to speed up the process, increasing the quantity and quality of output products:

• scrubbers- devices that cool the pyrolysis gas with a special reagent and partially condense it into a liquid fraction;
• separators- designed to reduce the moisture content of the remaining gas before it is fed into the furnace;
• capacitors- in them, the final transformation of the gaseous fraction into liquid after the scrubber takes place;
• filtering facilities for additional purification of gases emitted into the atmosphere.

How does the stove work?

The technological process on the factory production line goes like this:

1. The heated gas is fed from the furnace through a pipeline to the scrubber, where it is cooled and partially condensed.
2. It then passes through a special pipeline providing additional cooling to condensers for final conversion to liquid fuel.
3. The remaining gas, which cannot be converted into a liquid, is sent to the separator for drying, from where it goes to the pyrolysis furnace for further processing.

The most perfect technological lines pyrolysis are equipped with installations for catalytic cracking distilling pyrolysis oil into various types of fuel. But such equipment is already a whole plant both in terms of area and cost (up to several million euros).

Despite the fact that the tire pyrolysis business is not yet very common in Russia, there are good samples of equipment for the pyrolysis processing of tires of domestic production on the market.

Pyrolysis Plant Suppliers

Technocomplex LLC (Rostov-on-Don) offers PIROTEX equipment that provides the maximum volume of high-quality liquid fuel.

Prices vary widely depending on the performance of the equipment and the degree of automation: from 2,870,000.00 rubles. for an installation with a capacity of 2 tons per day up to 35,900,000.00 rubles. for a monster with 32 retorts capable of absorbing 28 tons of raw materials per day.

More all models and prices presented in the price list on the company's website.

The company also supplies additional equipment that facilitates the work with the installation: monorail tracks with electric hoists and hydraulic tilters for crucibles.

The ROSEKO tire recycling plant manufactured by RM LLC (St. Petersburg) is capable of producing gas and diesel fuel at the outlet.

The equipment is compact mounted in a single container and is able to utilize 2.5 tons of raw materials per day.

The installation cost is 9 million rubles.

Pyrolysis line T-PU1 manufactured by LLC PTK Pirolysis-Ecoprom (Nizhny Novgorod) costs only 2.5 million rubles - in the basic configuration with one retort.

It is better to purchase one or two more loading tanks for continuous operation. The unit is capable of processing up to 6 cubic meters of raw materials per day, consuming only 1.1 kWh of electricity.

Related videos

In this video you can get acquainted with the process of obtaining fuel from rubber by pyrolysis processing:

Results

So, what is pyrolysis good for:

• compared to burning emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere are minimal, besides, they are subjected to additional cleaning;
• all products obtained during the process, marketable in industry, no need to spend money on the disposal of any residues;
• low energy consumption– installations generally consume from one to several kilowatts of electricity per hour;
• equipment actually fuels itself using the produced gas.

In light of these advantages, tire recycling by pyrolysis seems to be a profitable business.

Of course, Russia has large reserves of natural oil and gas, but they are not endless.

In addition, apart from the purely commercial side, pyrolysis is a real salvation for the environment, so for those who think about the future, this method of disposal of hazardous waste cannot but seem attractive.

In contact with

There are more than 1.1 billion cars in the world. The number of registered cars in Russia is about 46 million. This means that if trucks are added here, then about 5 billion tires run on the world's roads. The number of tires in the world's landfills is not exactly known. In Russia, according to various estimates, from 30 to 45 million tires are thrown away per year. There is no need to talk about the harm that such waste causes to the environment.

The issue of recycling and disposal of car tires is acute all over the world.

There is not a single country in which this problem is considered solved. In our country, according to various sources, from 8 to 12% of old tires and conveyor belts are recycled. These figures show that tire recycling as a business has a good future.

However, once you decide to run a rubber recycling business, you must choose your recycling method carefully and be aware of all the pitfalls of such a business. Choosing a recycling method, and therefore the direction of your investment, is a very difficult task. Enterprises producing equipment for one or another processing method, naturally, praise their method and carefully hide its shortcomings. In this article, we will try to facilitate the task of choosing a processing method. Remember that there is no perfect method. All have flaws. Here are the main ways to recycle car tires:

• reuse by applying a new tread (in this case, the tires still need to be recycled after reuse);
• combustion for the purpose of obtaining thermal energy;
• heating without air access or with limited air access (pyrolysis);
• grinding to obtain crumb rubber, secondary metal and textile threads;
• burial and use to strengthen the coastline, install fences, etc. This method is prohibited in most countries, including Russia. We will not consider it.

We do not consider in this article the application of a new tread on worn tires (“welding”). This is a method to extend the life of tires, not to recycle them. Let's take a closer look at other methods. When evaluating recycling methods, you should have a basic knowledge of the composition of the tire material.

Tire material composition

The main components of tires are cord (metal, textile or mixed), rubber, filler (soot), auxiliary materials (thermal stabilizers, anti-ozonizers, etc.), adhesives (contain polychlorinated hydrocarbons and some other materials in small quantities. Except for metal cord (and this is a steel wire coated with brass - an alloy of copper and zinc), then the composition of the tires includes: hydrocarbons (rubber, etc.), carbon (soot), silicon dioxide, sulfur (a vulcanizing agent in rubber and as part of other components), polychlorides (as part of adhesives) and some other components in small quantities.Contrary to popular belief about the presence of arsenic in the composition of tires, it is not there.Heavy metals are also absent (except for a small amount of copper and zinc on the surface of the metal cord). Lead is also not used in modern tires. All these components undergo changes during the processing of tires and form new substances, many of which are more dangerous than the original ones. Now let's look at the advantages and disadvantages of various tire recycling methods.

Burning tires to generate thermal energy

The method seems attractive. Therefore, it is worth talking about it in more detail.

Burning one ton of tires gives about the same amount of thermal energy as one ton of thermal coal.

What is the problem? First, tires cannot be burned in conventional thermal power plants. You need special equipment and preparation of raw materials. Secondly, when sulfur is burned, it forms a large amount of sulfur dioxide (sulphurous gas). This requires a special cleaning installation. The problem is solved, but the equipment is very expensive. Thirdly, polychlorides at insufficient combustion temperature form one of the most dangerous substances - dioxin. The available international experience shows that such a method has the right to life only when processing very large quantities (more than 100 tons) per day, requires huge investments and is profitable only in case of subsidies (financial support) from the state.

Read also: Small business ideas in the garage: what kind of production can be opened with minimal investment

Tire pyrolysis

The process is heating the material to 400–500 degrees without access to oxygen (air). This produces pyrolysis gas, liquid hydrocarbon fraction, soot and steel cord waste. You can find an excellent product calculation. For example, from 1 ton of tires you can get 500 kg of liquid hydrocarbon fraction (fuel and even gasoline!), 200 kg of gas (used to heat the reactor and save fuel), 200 kg of carbon black and 100 kg of metal. What is the problem? Ask yourself the question, where does sulfur disappear if it contains up to 10% and silicon dioxide. Very simple. Most of the sulfur turns into hydrogen sulfide (the strongest poison, a substance of hazard class 1), which is contained in pyrolysis gases. Another part of the sulfur forms carbon disulfide and other compounds that go into the liquid fraction. And, finally, in the residue, which is bashfully called technical carbon, there are metal sulfides (mainly sodium and calcium). Where did the silicon dioxide disappear - in the remainder. The fate of polychlorides is even more difficult. Some of them pass into the residue, some form hydrogen chloride (not a gift!), And some form dioxins, which can be found in all products. This "carbon black" will not be used by any responsible consumer. You can't bury it either. Having recycled tires in this way, we will create a bunch of new problems. These problems are solved, but require large capital investments, which calls into question the profitability of this method without the help of the state.

Grinding tires in order to obtain crumb rubber

The essence of the method is very simple. Tires are shredded. In this case, three products are formed - metal, rubber crumb (we will consider the directions of its use below) and textile cord waste.

With such processing, there are practically no chemical changes (no new toxic waste is formed).

This is the main advantage of the method. What are the problems? It is very difficult to separate textile threads from crumb rubber and the textile material obtained in this way is practically a new waste. We will show below how to solve this problem. But at the initial stages it is better to deal with the processing of pure steel cord tires. This will significantly reduce capital costs. The key issues in building a mini tire recycling plant are the following issues.

1. Selecting a location for production. Construction or use of existing structures.
2. Selection, purchase and installation of equipment.
3. Obtaining a license for processing.
4. Formation of reliable channels for obtaining raw materials and marketing finished products.

Let's consider everything in order.

Production site and buildings

Even a mini tire recycling plant requires a fairly large site. Most of the production site will be occupied by a warehouse of raw materials (tires) and finished products. The tire recycling line occupies a fairly large area - 150–300 m2. This is best clarified after choosing the equipment. The height of the building (or hangar) is 5–6 meters. The production site should be sufficiently removed from the residential area. The minimum distance is 200-500 m. The best place is the industrial zone. During the processing of tires, the material heats up quite strongly and releases volatile substances with a specific odor. Local ventilation is required. It is necessary to provide special absorption cartridges as part of the ventilation equipment. They are produced industrially.

Tire crumb recycling equipment

For processing tires into crumbs, the price of equipment is not prohibitive. However, the cost of a set of equipment of 10–15 million rubles should be considered minimal. The choice of equipment for processing tires into crumbs is quite wide. There are lines of Russian production and import. When choosing equipment, do not pay too much attention to brands.

Tire recycling line

If possible, visit an already existing production facility and hear all about the problems of this production facility. When buying equipment, it is better to focus on complete lines, however, some components can be used or purchased separately. Here is the minimum equipment list:

• shredders (shredder, hydraulic shears, tape cutter);
• separators (air and magnetic);
• conveyors;
• vibrating screens.

Installation "FARMER-RUBBER" for the processing of tires and rubber goods (code FR 1).

Tire pyrolysis

There are projects for the destruction of household waste using pyrolysis. Difficulties with the organization of the pyrolysis of tires, plastics and other organic waste are not associated with the technology of pyrolysis itself, which does not differ from the technology of thermal processing of other solid materials. The problem is that most waste contains phosphorus, chlorine and sulfur. Sulfur and phosphorus in the oxidized form are volatile and harmful to the environment. Chlorine reacts actively with organic pyrolysis products to form persistent toxic compounds (for example, dioxins). Capturing these compounds from smoke is not cheap and has its challenges. The problem of recycling used car tires and obsolete rubber products is of great environmental and economic importance for all developed countries of the world. And the irreplaceability of natural oil raw materials dictates the need to use secondary resources with maximum efficiency, that is, instead of mountains of garbage, we could get a new industry for our region - commercial waste processing.
Tires and polymers are valuable raw materials, as a result of their processing by low-temperature pyrolysis (up to 500 ° C), liquid hydrocarbon fractions (synthetic oil - pyrolysis liquid), carbon residue (carbon black), metal cord and combustible gas are obtained. At the same time, if you burn 1 ton of tires, then 270 kg of soot and 450 kg of toxic gases will be released into the atmosphere.

Description of the technological process of the plant "FERMER-REZINA" for processing used tires into pyrolysis liquid.

The output of a commercial product at the "FERMER-REZINA" plant

The amount of output of a commercial product at the mini-plant "Consum-Tires-Diesel" for the processing of tires.
8% - steel cord;
30% - solid coke residue;
50% - pyrolysis liquid;
12% is the cost of raw materials for the thermal supply of the process and the cost of obtaining pyrolysis gas.

Consumed electric power of the "FERMER-REZINA" installation

The cost of electricity for the operation of the "FERMER-REZINA" installations is 5 kW per hour.
There are no electricity costs for crushing tires.
All other energy costs for the operation of screw drives, liquid pumps, instrumentation, and magnetic filters and separators, working lighting up to 5 kW per hour.

Personnel of the "FERMER-REZINA" plant

Characteristics of emissions from the "FERMER-REZINA" plant during the processing of waste tires and plastics.

Comparative performance of conventional and synthetic diesel fuels.

Heat of combustion and density of tire pyrolysis products.

The heat of combustion of the pyrolysis resin is 39.3 - 40.2 MJ/kg. the density of the pyrolysis resin at 20°C is 890 kg/m3.
The heat of combustion of pyrolysis gas is 8.2 - 12.0 MJ / kg, the density of pyrolysis gas is 0.68 - 0.8 kg / m3.
The calorific value of the solid residue is 29.0 - 34.1 MJ/kg, the bulk density is 346 kg/m3.

The use of pyrolysis products.

pyrolysis gas, as a rule (if there are no special tasks), it is used as a fuel to cover the heat costs for the actual pyrolysis process.

Pyrolysis resins can be used as an additive to boiler fuels or can be processed together with crude oil or its fractions, respectively increasing the production of final or intermediate products.

Solid carbon residue tire pyrolysis is useful as a carbon black substitute in some rubber compounds, and as a filler in a range of commercial products ranging from bakelite resins to paving compounds. Technical carbon is suitable for use in: metallurgy, production of paint and varnish and building materials, fuel briquettes. On its basis, it is possible to produce sorbents for water purification and gas cleaning, and for collecting oil slicks from water and soil surfaces.
The carbonized waste of rubber products is a promising raw material for the production of active carbons with a good yield by weight and high specific indicators and porosity of the product. The latter can be produced in the form of irregularly shaped granules and powder.
The porous structure of coals is analyzed. Coals have a developed system of the entire spectrum of pores - wide micropores (supermicropores), narrow and wide mesopores, and macropores.

1. Specific external surface 85.1 m2/g
2. Specific adsorption surface 51.77 m2/g
3. Adsorption of dibutyl phthalate 80.0 cm3/100g
4. Iodine number 97.52 g/kg
5. Light transmission of toluene extract 97.0%
6. Total volume for water 1.26 cm3/g
7. Sorption pore volume for benzene 0.16 cm3/g
8. Adsorption activity on methylene blue 55.7 mg/1g
9. Adsorption activity for iodine 15.6%
10. Mass fraction of total sulfur 1.81 - 2.31%
11. Mass fraction of moisture 0.6%
12. Ash content 6.5% - 12%
13. pH of water extract 10.25
14. Mass fraction of losses at 105 deg. C, 0.44%

Steel cord well pressed. Pressed metal cord complies with GOST 2787-75 and is used in the metallurgical industry. Additional cleaning is not required.

Do-it-yourself pyrolysis oven

The essence of pyrolysis (translated from the ancient Greek πῦρ - fire, heat; λύσις - decay, decomposition) is the process of thermal decomposition of organic and a number of inorganic compounds. In a narrow sense, this is the decomposition of organic natural compounds in conditions of lack of oxygen (wood, oil products, etc.). In an expanded broad sense, this is the process of decomposition of any compounds into lighter molecules that make up a substance or elements under the influence of an increase in temperature. For example, such hydrogen telluride decomposes already at a temperature of about zero degrees Celsius.

Many are interested in how gases can be used to start the afterburning process in furnaces in order to use equipment more efficiently.

Pyrolysis boilers and furnaces are now being especially actively studied not only by academic engineers, but also by amateur researchers and practitioners. The unfading desire to make them with your own hands is perhaps a characteristic of our time. This is not surprising, because we so want to make long-burning heating equipment as efficient as possible (and as cheap as possible!) and to improve their technical results as much as possible. You can talk about this for a long time and interestingly. But, as it is rightly said, it’s better to see it once ... In the video below, you can see with your own eyes how a relatively simple pyrolysis plant of an independent developer processes various types of plastic and rubber into gas condensate (the so-called pyrolysis liquid) plus gas. The latter can be used for combustion in a boiler furnace, it is also suitable for heating a retort, or you can pump liquid into containers for further use for domestic needs. Pyrolysis liquid is also allowed to burn in boilers and stoves.

The pyrolysis unit prepared for work is presented on the video by the author-developer himself, who filmed the processes in detail directly in action and, having analyzed the technical characteristics and features of his offspring, frankly shared his own thoughts and conclusions on this issue.

The advantage is that the author made this installation and put it into action. The developer himself revealed much more minuses. However, see for yourself, it is extremely interesting:

The author of this design shared his thoughts. There is a healthy grain in them, but there are also many shortcomings that opponents pointed out to the developer. The conclusion is this: the design is purely theoretical, it is not ready for practical operation.

teplolivam.ru

Recycling tires, tyres, used industrial rubber goods into liquid pyrolysis fuel, pyrolysis, reactor.

Material about the practical experience in the manufacture of pyrolysis plants for waste processing.

I will describe the manufacture and operation of a small reactor for the processing of waste tires, which was conceived as an experimental one for testing parameters and examining fuel.

The beginning of manufacturing, of course, is documentation, drawings and sketches that are tied to manufacturing capabilities, here I took such opportunities as plasma cutting and manufacturing parts using the shell method, pretty good quality, the only thing is not cheap. Some drawings and sketches: div>

Well, what do we see in the assembly shop after we brought the finished parts:

Assembly and preparation for launch:

Well, then testing and work: Loading raw materials after the shredder, a lot of very non-metal cord, the percentage of rubber is less since part of the rubber is selected, the raw materials were bought in Slantsy, ready-made and can be seen in bags, it gives a small amount of fuel, and all raw materials are not recycled. ..

you can see a "lump" in the middle, the effect is not very good .. When loading cut tires .. and here the experiment on solid tires is much better, and the fuel is normal in the output area of ​​\u200b\u200b35 percent and is completely processed.

carbon burns with "crackers", it can also be used as fuel, in principle, an analogue of coal with the same ash content .. or wood new wood ash content of 3 percent immediately reaches 12-20, and of course there is a lot of sulfur, sulfur "leaves" not in fuel ..there, according to measurements of sulfur, up to 0.8 percent is incomplete, sulfur remains in carbon, where it is up to 4 percent with something. This coal is a good raw material for the synthesis gas reactor, which is in the previous description.

here is fuel, light is a light fraction of it quite a bit, closer to the gasoline fraction.

Well, here are various fuel tests obtained both at this facility and earlier at the first reactors.

Well, there is something about coal:

These tests came from the installation that I designed for Melitopol back in 2007, in my opinion. Several photos of the installation, its appearance is certainly not presentable, were apparently made from what was at hand .. but it worked well according to their reviews:

that's just the carbon that comes from tires.

This is a metal cord, it is usually sold as scrap metal, of course it is desirable to extrude:

This is, as it were, a general view of that furnace in Melitopol, the same one, according to my project, was to be built in Yekaterinburg .. but the crisis of 2008 prevented, so to speak ... So everything remained unfinished, a few sad photos from Yekaterinburg:

The only thing that was done in Yekaterinburg was not in length but indoors:

I digress a little, but let's continue, in fact, pyrolysis is not only valuable fur ... sorry, not only tire recycling, let's say when experimenting with milk cartons and other types of tetrapacks:

it turns out ashes, in fact, and foil, it does not burn out, only the question remains where to put it and how to separate it, foil from ashes .. conclusion, this technology can be used to make equipment for annealing, for example, wires, a small section of electrical wires, while the insulation plastic turns into carbon, and copper and aluminum and other metals can be taken to non-ferrous metals ... that is, the use of pyrolysis technology not only in the processing of tires, but also in the processing of waste from the automotive industry, etc. ... by the way, we also get liquid fuel from polyethylene, but I didn’t have this particular task before me. In MPC, maximum allowable emissions .. this is a very difficult question .. difficult not in the fact that they are higher than the MPC when processing tires .. the bottom line is that there is no analysis equipment .. or it’s beyond the clouds at prices. But the analysis was done on experimental equipment in Israel, my acquaintances in this area, I don’t have documentary evidence .. all the money spent and decent but there are assurances .. his assurances that according to the German emission standard (in Israel they copied the German standard), excesses No!!! This is already good ... Video of the operation of this installation:

Tel: 8-911-281-95-62 Suslov Mikhail Borisovich. LLC "Ekosintez"El. Email: Website: www.suslovm.narod.ru

ecostrat.livejournal.com

Pyrolysis plant for recycling tires, tyres. Pyrolysis

Pyrolysis of tires, tires, plastics and other waste allows you to recycle and recycle toxic waste into fuel, carbon and steel cord. The pyrolysis plant is simple and efficient. Investments in pyrolysis equipment pay off in less than a year; when acquiring equipment on lease, the payback period is reduced to several months. The pyrolysis plant does not require numerous personnel. To service a horizontal pyrolysis plant, 3-4 people are required at the time of loading (3 - 5 hours depending on the volume) and a person on duty during operation. The service life of a pyrolysis reactor made of heat-resistant steel with a thickness of 16-18 mm is about 7-8 years. Delivery of the reactor from heat-resistant stainless steel is possible. After 7-8 years of operation, the reactor is replaced with a new one. The remaining components of the installation do not require replacement. Siemens automation was used in the installation.

Leasing of equipment for 2 - 5 years is possible, the first installment is 10 -15%, the rise in price is 5 -12% per year, the currency is rubles.

Waste pyrolysis. Depending on temperatures and materials, installations for low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature pyrolysis of waste are used.

Low-temperature pyrolysis is the process of waste decomposition without air access at temperatures of - 300-600 ° C. This method is characterized by the maximum yield of liquid products. In the process of pyrolysis, we get fuel and other valuable waste. In our installations, the catalytic pyrolysis process is used to increase the efficiency and speed of the process. In the output units, we get heavy and light fractions of fuel, non-condensable fractions - gas is used to heat the pyrolysis furnace, therefore, only initial heating is necessary for the operation of the pyrolysis furnace. After the start of the pyrolysis process, the released gas is used for heating. If you purchase 2 units and they work together, the excess gas in one pyrolysis unit is used to start the pyrolysis process in the second unit. There is no need for any additional type of fuel at all. The pyrolysis unit is equipped with a 4-stage gas purification system. Price list for pyrolysis plants.

High-temperature pyrolysis proceeds at temperatures of about 1000-1400 degrees and is characterized by a maximum gas yield. High-temperature pyrolysis is one of the best ways to process municipal solid waste, MSW, both in terms of both environmental safety and the production of synthesis gas, slag, metals and other materials that can be widely used in the national economy. High-temperature gasification makes it possible technically simply to process municipal solid waste without their preliminary preparation, sorting, drying, etc.

Waste equipment - advantage of pyrolysis:

• Pyrolysis equipment is the optimal solution for waste processing. Pyrolysis is not very sensitive to the type of raw materials and is able to process unsorted municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, oil residues, paper pulp, mixed plastics and shredded car residues, rubber and tires, woodworking waste, hospital waste, etc. Plant automation adapts to changes in waste composition .
• There is no combustion waste, the pyrolysis plant has excellent performance in terms of emissions of harmful substances such as dioxins, the level of which is lower than that required by the relevant legislation.
• The plant does not produce waste water.
• Highly qualified personnel is not required, the installation works automatically.
• There is a large decrease in the amount of waste for disposal.
• Harmless production residues can be used in the future, in the production of tires, road construction, etc.
• The pyrolysis plant is easy to operate and maintain, and the fact that the pyrolysis plant provides itself with the energy necessary for operation (required only for start-up), while the excess generated steam and / or electricity is supplied to an external consumer.

Pyrolysis machines are available in 2 versions - vertical and horizontal. You can purchase horizontal pyrolysis machines from us for processing tire waste, etc. and vertical machines for processing waste oils and petroleum products.

Advantages of horizontal pyrolysis plants:

• The material is mixed in the reactor, which accelerates the pyrolysis process.
• There is no need for overhead cranes to unload the retorts.
• The shop may have a lower height.
• The big sizes of loading doors of installation.
• Possibility of automating the loading, the loading device can have a diameter equal to the machine door.
• Fully automatic carbon unloading, steel cord unloading device, Small number of staff 3-4 people, especially high savings are obtained when the plant capacity is large or when 2 or more units are purchased.

Pyrolysis of rubber and tires.

Pyrolysis of rubber and recycling of automobile tires is the most demanded direction, where horizontal pyrolysis plants are widely used. The large volume of the reactor from 12 m3 to 50 m3, large loading doors from 2.2 to 2.8 meters in diameter, automatic unloading of the plant, and a small number of maintenance personnel make horizontal plants the most advantageous to use for these purposes.

Pyrolysis of plastic.

• Plastic pyrolysis is another popular use for pyrolysis machines. What is especially important is that the plastic decomposes in the pyrolysis machine without the formation of dioxins. In this case, the yield of pyrolysis fuel is about 65% of the weight of the plastic. Upon delivery of the dechlorination unit, it is possible to process plastics with PVC impurities.

• Waste pyrolysis

• In pyrolysis plants it is also possible to process cable residues, leather (pretreatment equipment supplied),

• Pyrolysis of waste oil and petroleum products

• It is possible to recycle waste oil in horizontal pyrolysis plants 10 -15% of the plant load, in distillation plants or in oil regeneration plants.
• We offer 2 types of oil processing plants.

A series of distillation units that allow processing 5 to 50 tons of oil per day into standard summer diesel fuel and AI 92 gasoline.

Installations for the regeneration of oil properties with a capacity of 62 to 2000 liters per hour. These installations make it possible to obtain oil with properties close to the original oil.

• As a result of pyrolysis, the following products are obtained:

The working process:

Raw materials are loaded into the feed inlet, depending on the volumes and material, a loading conveyor can be supplied. Then, the reactor of the pyrolysis machine is heated by a gas or diesel burner, at the choice of the customer. When the temperature reaches up to 350°C-400°C, the pyrolysis reaction starts in the reactor. Light and heavy components will be separated from the formed petroleum gas. The light component is cooled in the condenser and accumulated in the fuel tank, and combustible gases remain in the system, which cannot be liquefied, they are returned to the heat supply system for combustion. The pyrolysis machine is equipped with a gas purification system in the heat supply system of the machine. We can offer you the following range of Pyrolysis machines with different capacities:

We can offer you the following range of Pyrolysis machines with different capacities:

№	Name	Power, kWt.	Reactor volume m3/h	Loading volume tons.	Volume per day tons.	Number of downloads per day
1	LL-2200-6000	11	22	5 - 6	9 - 10	3 in 2 days	82000	92000	88000	98000	108000
2	LL-2200-6600	11	25	7	10 -11	3 in 2 days	84000	94000	91000	101000	111000
3	LL-2600-6000	16	32	8	8 -10	1 per day	110000	124000	118000	121000	131000
4	LL-2600-6600	16	35	10	10 - 12	1 per day	120000	134000	128000	142000	154000
5	LL-2800-6000	17	37	10	10 - 12	1 per day	125000	139000	135000	149000	164000
6	LL-2800-6600	17	40	12	12	1 per day	135000	149000	145000	159000	175000
7	LL-2800-7500	22	46	16	15 -16	1 per day	150000	165000	162000	177000	195000

* - price of a pyrolysis plant without adaptation to a cold climate. Heating installation with coal, firewood.

** - price of pyrolysis plant without adaptation to cold climate. Heating of the installation with multi-fuel burners operating on diesel fuel, pyrolysis oil, fuel oil.

*** price of a pyrolysis plant with a cooling system adapted to cold climates, without an outdoor pool.

*** price of a pyrolysis plant with a cooling system adapted to cold climates, without an outdoor pool. Heating of the installation with multi-fuel burners operating on diesel fuel, pyrolysis oil, fuel oil.

**** - the price of a pyrolysis plant with a cooling system adapted to a cold climate, without an outdoor pool and a cooling system that allows the use of the heat generated by the installation for heating the workshop. Forced ventilation system. Heating of the installation with multi-fuel burners operating on diesel fuel, pyrolysis oil, fuel oil.

The standard cycle of the pyrolysis machine.

We give a guarantee for the machine for 1 year, a period for a stainless steel reactor with a thickness of 14 mm. 3 years, other parts of the machine do not need to be changed during its entire period of operation, except for wear parts and components.

The composition of the pyrolysis machine includes

1. Reactor heating system
2. Thermally insulated body of the pyrolysis machine
3. The pyrolysis reactor is made of stainless steel 14 mm thick.
4. Machine control panel.
5. catalytic column
6. Tank for heavy fraction of pyrolysis oil
7. Pyrolysis gas cooling system
8. Container for light fraction of pyrolysis oil
9. Water seal
10. Water cooling system. It is possible to use the heat generated during the pyrolysis process to heat the air in the workshop in winter
11. Built-in fan and valve system.
12. Chimney
13. Smoke exhaust fan
14. Exhaust gas cleaning system
15. Burner for afterburning gas
16. speed reducer
17. Automatic Soot Removal Conveyor
18. Service platforms
19. Roller for steel unloading (cord)

pyrolysisplant.ru

Pyrolysis of tires and tires

The problem of disposal of household waste is quite acute today all over the world. Moreover, if you can rely on nature itself with household waste of organic origin, then the person himself needs to worry about the issues of recycling polymers. The thing is that most of them, for example, car tires, do not decompose on their own, which means that if they are not destroyed, they will soon turn our planet into one big dump.

Disposal of car tires at this point in time is done in several different ways.

Processing into crumbs. Recycling tires by shredding is the simplest and most common method in our country. It allows you to save the chemical and physical-mechanical characteristics of rubber. After crushing, rubber can be used in the construction of roads and structures. Also, rubber grinding allows compact storage and transportation of rubber before further processing by pyrolysis.

Tire recycling by incineration. This recycling method was invented back in the days when mankind did not invent any alternatives to the destruction of rubber. Tires were burned mainly in the cement industry, where they partially replaced fuels such as fuel oil and coal. Burning tires looks like a real barbarism from the point of view of ecology, since many harmful substances do not break down during the combustion of rubber, but enter the atmosphere. Among these substances, the most harmful:

• benzopyrene
• furan
• dioxins

In addition, one ton of tires contains approximately 700 kg of rubber, which, thanks to new technologies, can be reused to produce fuel. Thus, it becomes clear that burning tires is a completely unjustified method, both from an environmental and economic point of view. More correct is the method of recycling tires using pyrolysis. How does it happen?

Tire recycling by pyrolysis

Pyrolysis is used today to obtain fuel from tire recycling. It is a process of thermal decomposition of organic compounds contained in tires without access to oxygen. Pyrolysis of tires today is the most economical and environmentally friendly method of their disposal, since it not only solves the issue of recycling, but also allows you to get fuel literally from garbage.

Low-temperature pyrolysis breaks tires down into their constituent components, each of which can be used for specific purposes. Tire recycling by pyrolysis has been used for a long time in European countries, because in addition to environmentally friendly recycling, this type of recycling can bring very good profits. So, what kind of products can an ordinary tire recycling plant produce:

1. Carbon black, which is used as a filler in the production of non-critical rubbers, conveyor belts, technical plates, and much more. It is also a pigment for the production of paints. Lower quality carbon black is widely used in construction (paving slabs, concrete products and bricks are made from it).
2. Thermolysis gas, which is an analogue of natural gas. This gas is quite pure and can be freely used in mini-boilers to produce heat and electricity.
3. Pressed steel cord used for the needs of the metallurgical industry. It can be sold both as scrap metal and as knitting wire (subject to its additional firing)
4. Synthetic oil, which in its composition is almost identical to natural. Under the condition of its purification, it is able to replace many petroleum products.

All these products of such a process as tire pyrolysis are in demand in various industries, so tire recycling is a fairly profitable business.

Tire pyrolysis.

Recycling and subsequent recycling of tires is carried out in several stages:

1. Car tires intended for recycling are sent to the raw materials warehouse.
2. With the help of a bead cutter, the tires are cut into the tread part and the sides (for the most dense packing).
3. The retort is loaded with raw materials, then it is closed with a lid and placed in a pyrolysis oven, where it is heated to 450°C. During the thermal decomposition of rubber, pyrolysis gas is formed, which passes through the refrigerator, where it condenses into pyrolysis oil. To support the pyrolysis process, part of the resulting gas is fed into the furnace burner.
4. Upon completion of the pyrolysis process, the retort is removed from the furnace, and the next retort with raw materials is loaded into its place.
5. After cooling, the retort is unloaded and the metal cord is separated from the pyrocarbon.
6. Finished pyrolysis products are sent to a warehouse, where they are stored until they are shipped directly to the final consumer.

The advantages of car tire pyrolysis are simply obvious to the naked eye:

• This recycling process is safe from an environmental point of view, and there are no highly toxic substances in the processed products.
• No waste in production - absolutely everything that is generated during the processing of tires is a liquid product.
• This processing of MSW does not require serious energy consumption, and in general, it is very economical;
• It is possible to use the fuel obtained from rubber processing for internal technological processes.

Summarizing everything written above, we can say that tire pyrolysis is the only right solution for rubber recycling for all those who think about the future of their children and care about the environment. And from a business point of view, pyrolysis is the most profitable way to recycle old car rubber.

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ztbo.ru

Tire recycling by pyrolysis - efficient long-burning boilers

The rapid development of the automotive industry and the availability of cars leads to the fact that every year the number of used tires is growing. The accumulation of tires has a negative impact on the environment, since this kind of garbage practically does not decompose naturally in nature and therefore cannot be simply buried in special landfills. To avoid a man-made disaster, unnecessary tires should be disposed of.

There are several ways to dispose of unwanted tires, but the pyrolysis method, implemented in special installations (pyrolysis ovens), is considered the most promising and environmentally correct.

Schematic diagram of a pyrolysis oven with main elements

Today, pyrolysis boilers are the recycling of tires with great benefits and minimal environmental impact.

What is pyrolysis?

Pyrolysis is a special physical and chemical process that involves the decomposition of rubber tire elements under the influence of high temperature and without air access.

If the tires are simply heated in an open atmospheric environment, then at first they will smolder and subsequently catch fire, releasing a lot of harmful substances into the atmosphere. When heating occurs without access to air, there are no conditions for combustion. In this case, chemical reactions of a different type begin to take place, allowing ordinary rubber to be decomposed into several oil fractions, which, due to high temperatures, are in a gaseous state. They can be condensed to give pyrolysis oil as well as non-condensable pyrolysis gas. This gas can be redirected to the reactor furnace to maintain process cycling and eliminate the need for additional fuel to operate the pyrolysis plant.

Thanks to this technique, it is possible to obtain a waste-free disposal technology with a minimum impact on the environment. If we compare conventional tire burning with the pyrolysis process, it should be noted that the latter is several times more environmentally friendly and additionally makes it possible to obtain secondary raw materials.

Secondary products obtained during pyrolysis

Pyrolysis is a process that is not only environmentally friendly, but also a highly practical technique that can be used to obtain various secondary raw materials.

In the process of recycling tires with the help of pyrolysis, carbon black is obtained, which can be used as a filler in the production of various rubberized products such as conveyor belts, seals, technical plates, etc. Lower quality carbon fractions are used in construction as additives in the production of various products concrete, paving slabs, etc.

Pyrolysis gas obtained during disposal resembles natural gas and can be used to generate thermal energy, as well as in small power plants to generate electricity.

The metal cords that remain from tires can be reused in the steel industry for remelting and manufacturing other metal products.

The resulting synthetic oil has a composition reminiscent of natural raw materials and can replace many of the petroleum products.

punkti-priema.ru

Pyrolysis recycling plant | recycling of tyres, tyres, plastics

Pyrolysis plant "Pirotex" - equipment operating using the method of closed pyrolysis, designed for the processing and disposal of rubber and polymer-containing waste, oil sludge and waste oils. In contrast to open pyrolysis plants, when recycling industrial rubber goods and used tires in a closed pyrolysis plant, a larger volume of liquid fuel is obtained at the outlet.

The pyrolysis plant "Pirotex" has a high environmental friendliness - an absolute minimum of emissions. The equipment is automated as much as possible, which made it possible to reduce human labor to elementary operations - to load and unload the crucible from the furnace.

Tire recycling in the pyrolysis plant "Pirotex" allows you to get processed products of higher quality. The mini tire recycling plant is also used as an equipment for processing plastics, oil sludge and waste oils.

Layout of the pyrolysis plant "Pirotex"

The pyrolysis plant "Pirotex" can serve as the main and only equipment, as well as part of the processing line, if the goal is to organize:

• plant for the processing and disposal of used car tires, tyres, rubber waste
• business for recycling rubber goods, plastics, plastic bottles, PET, polyethylene
• an enterprise that processes waste oil, oil sludge

The resulting pyrolysis products can be used as follows: